A kind of fabric of island-in-sea type spun-bonded continuous yarn nonwoven material and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonwoven material, be specially the two component spun-bonded continuous yarn nonwoven materials of a kind of fabric of island-in-sea type and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Fabric of island-in-sea type composite ultrafine fiber is a kind of tencel of exploitation at the beginning of the seventies, because its monofilament fineness is minimum, specific area is large, make it have the excellent properties that many conventional fibres do not possess, as soft fluffy, smooth, drapability is good, ventilative comfortable, the soft gracefulness of gloss of dress etc.Islands-in-sea type fibre spinning is formed with two kinds of composite algorithm and blending methods, the former uses composite spinning machine, what spin is the mutual arrange body fiber of macromolecule, wherein decentralized photo bath component is distributed in another continuous phase melt according to design by composite spining module, is characterized in that the fiber of spinning is excellent in aspect performances such as controllability (monofilament linear density, quantity, cross section), production stability, processability, island yield, uniformity and product purposes.The fiber of blending method spinning has less line density, do not have specific marine facies and island phase point, two kinds of components difference aspect the physical property such as melt viscosity is larger, therefore spinning is comparatively difficult, but Suo filament plate structure is comparatively simple.
The island component of islands-in-sea type fibre common are polyester (PET) or polyamide (PA), the sea component compound with it can be [the Zhou Hua etc. such as water-soluble polyester (COPET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polystyrene (PS) and acrylate copolymer, non-weaving cloth, 2004,12 (1): 41].More conventional island is combined as at present: COPET/PET, PET/PA, the combinations such as COPET/PA.Mie Kamiyama, Ehime etc. [patent No. US2007196649A1] in its patent disclose the production method of a kind of island composite fibre, take the polymer that easily dissolves as sea component, the polymer that is difficult for dissolving is island component, can produce island number 100 the islands-in-sea type fibre more than even, the monofilament fineness of island component, between 10nm~1000nm, is spaced apart 500nm or less in composite fibre between the component of island; Teijin Fibers Ltd discloses a kind of production method of islands-in-sea type fibre in the patent of its application in [application number 200680036177], its YiPETWei island component, take the PET of modification as sea component, spin the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre that do not stretch take spinning speed as 100~1000m/min, then in higher than two kinds of components more than arbitrary component vitrification point, carry out super drawing with 5~100 times of total draw ratios, then sea component is dissolved and obtains superfine fibre; Longkou Xinxin Super-Fiber Leather Co., Ltd.'s [application number 200510042156] in its patent discloses a kind of bunchy 91 sea-island fiber with figured sea-island method, compare and increased island fiber with figured sea-island quantity with existing technology, with the superfine fiber chemical leather of its production and processing, fabric texture softness is flexible, and its effect and top grade leather leather material are similar; Toray Fiber Research Institute's [application number 200510041134] in its patent discloses a kind of bi-component polyester islands-in-sea type fibre and production method, the island component of product for being 3.5 for content of titanium dioxide~10% surpass full-dull polyester, marine origin is divided into easy stripping property polyester, obtain bi-component polyester islands-in-sea type fibre preliminary draft silk than [60~90/10~40] by screw extruding, spinning manifold and nozzle block, preliminary draft technique so that island sea is compound, then remove sea component and obtain superfine fibre; Zhao Jun etc. [application number 02273335.3] in its patent disclose a kind of island-in-sea type fibre compoiste, comprise main box, auxiliary box body, filament spinning component body, filament spinning component, major-minor casing adopts filament spinning component body to link together, in filament spinning component body, place filament spinning component, major-minor casing carries respectively, distributes two kinds of melts of two kinds of different temperatures, different pressures in same filament spinning component, completes conjugate spinning.
Aspect spinning technique, Zhou Liang etc. are take COPET as marine facies, the production of FDY sea island filament has been carried out on PETWei island mutually, point out applicable PET spinning temperature, the viscosity of PET is fallen in 0.06dL/g, can spin excellent product [Zhou Liang etc., polyester industrial effectively drying and oil under condition, 2007,20 (5): 32-33].Bao Kecheng etc. are take COPET as marine facies, PET (or PA6) is island phase, from aspects such as the controls of section moisture, spinning chips, the compound ratio of spinning, spinning temperature, cooling forming condition, draw ratio and stretch rate, draft temperature and oil bath oil concentration, curling and relaxation heat setting process, production technology and the quality [Bao Kecheng etc. of fabric of island-in-sea type two-component staple fiber are analyzed, polyester industrial, 2010,23 (3): 18-21].Wu Jianting has discussed the production procedure of PET/COPET islands-in-sea type fibre, institute's employing equipment, main technologic parameters as filament spinning component, spinning temperature, lateral blowing, boundling point position, oil applying rate, winding process, compound ratio etc. and their impact [Wu Jianting on production result, polyester industrial, 2011,24 (1): 33-34].
The matrix used material of artificial leather mostly is the ultra-fine staple-fiber non-woven cloth of fabric of island-in-sea type at present, its concrete production procedure is: two kinds of fibre-forming polymers obtain fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber by island spinning, stretching, cut-out, make again the non-weaving cloth of 3 D stereo network structure, then process with the maceration extract of polyurethane preparation.After polyurethane solidifies, by a kind of composition stripping in fiber, form superfine fibre.But directly become net to make the rarely seen report of non-weaving cloth by fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent filament yarn, compared with the matrix material making with short fiber, long filament matrix has following advantage:
(1) brute force is higher.Than short fiber matrix material into the net, the direct matrix material into the net of long filament has reduced the relative slippage between short fiber, therefore has higher in length and breadth to brute force.
(2) can not fall fibre.Dermatine take short fiber as matrix there will be to fall fine phenomenon in production and use procedure, and long filament has just been avoided this phenomenon.
(3) drapability is better, and pliability improves.The drapability of the long filament of same material itself is just superior than short fiber, and the leather therefore making can be further improved in pliability.
Within applicant's range of search, adopt spun-bond process directly to prepare fabric of island-in-sea type bi-component superfine fibre nonwoven material and there is not yet bibliographical information.
Summary of the invention
According to existing spinning technique and islands-in-sea type fibre spinning assembly, after the bicomponent filament yarn of spinning island, a step becomes the two component spun-bonded continuous yarn nonwoven materials of net preparation.The preparation method of the two component spun-bonded continuous yarn nonwoven materials of fabric of island-in-sea type of the present invention's design, is to produce fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent filament yarn with spun-bond process, more directly becomes net to make nonwoven material bicomponent filament yarn.Preparation method's design design of the present invention is, to be suitable as one in bi-component or multicomponent spinning sea component polymer as sea component, as COPET or PET, to be suitable as one in bi-component or multicomponent spinning island component polymer as island component, as PET or PA, utilize corresponding fabric of island-in-sea type filament spinning component, after melt spinning, directly become net, make nonwoven material.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves described preparation method's technical problem is: design a kind of preparation method of fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent filament yarn non-weaving cloth, its processing step is:
(1) selection of extra large component and island component parts polymer: described extra large component polymer is that COPET, PET or other are suitable as the one in two components or many components spinning sea component polymer, island component polymer is that PET, PA or other are suitable as the one in two components or many components spinning island component polymer.
(2) the pre-crystallized and dry processing of section raw material: section imports in drying tower carries out pre-crystallized and dry processing, the pre-crystallized temperature of sea component is 80-135 ℃, time is 30-240min, baking temperature is 130 ℃-170 ℃, time is 10-14h, and component pre-crystallized temperature in island is 125-135 ℃, time 1-4h, baking temperature 65-165 ℃, drying residencing time is 1-12h.
(3) filature fleece formation: adopt island filament spinning component, filature fleece formation on bicomponent spunbond equipment.Drawing-off wind pressure is 0.1Mpa~0.8Mpa, drawing-off wind speed degree 0~2m/s, and 10~25 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 65%~90%, draft speed is 1000~6000m/min.Described island filament spinning component can adopt the one of determining in island or indefinite island filament spinning component.Described drawing-off mode is the combination of one or more modes in tubular drafting, the drawing-off of width seam, narrow slit drawing-off.500~1200 times/min of pendulum wire device frequency in net-forming process, 14 °~25 ° of pivot angles.
(4) fibre web is reinforced: adopt suitable reinforcement means to reinforce fibre web, can adopt one or more combinations in mechanical fixed network, chemical adhesion fixed network or heat bonding fixed network method.Fibre web can obtain described fabric of island-in-sea type spun-bonded continuous yarn nonwoven material after reinforcing.
The specific embodiment
The preparation method of the fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent spunbond nonwoven material of the present invention's design, is to adopt spunbond process to produce fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent filament yarn, more directly becomes net to make nonwoven material bicomponent filament yarn.
Polymer raw material used in the present invention is to be suitable as one in two components or many components spinning sea component polymer as extra large component, as COPET or PET, to be suitable as one in two components or many components spinning island component polymer as island component, as PET or PA.
Island component described in the inventive method with the compound ratio of spinning of extra large component is: m[island component]: m[sea component] be 35~90/65~10.
In the present invention, spinning temperature is set between 260 ℃~295 ℃.Close in order to guarantee the apparent viscosity of extra large component and island component, need to control spinning temperature.The control of spinning temperature can adopt electrical heating or dinyl kettle liquid phase or vapour phase mode of heating.
Open fine rear filament diameter according to the obtained fabric of island-in-sea type spun-bonded continuous yarn of the inventive method nonwoven material and be less than 2 μ m.
Preparation method of the present invention adjusts parameter, can make the two component spun-bonded continuous yarn nonwoven materials of a series of fabric of island-in-sea type.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
Take COPET as extra large component, PET is island component, and selected spinning is compound than m[PET]: m[COPET] be 70/30.Component C OPET pre-crystallized temperature in sea is 90 ℃, and the time is 30min, and baking temperature is 130 ℃, and the time is 10h; The pre-crystallized temperature of island component PET is 125 ℃, and the time is 4h, and baking temperature is 160 ℃, and drying residencing time is 10h.The each district of screw rod heating-up temperature is as shown in the table:
The temperature parameter of dinyl kettle liquid phase and vapour phase is as shown in the table:
Cooling quench speed is 0.55m/s, and temperature is 18 ℃, drawing-off pressure 0.4Mpa.Pendulum wire device wobble frequency is 900 times/min, 17 ° of pivot angles, after lapping, under hydraulic pressure 80bar, water stings fixed network, gained non-weaving cloth, take the Na0H of 1g/L as removal of solvents sea component, is made to fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent spunbond superfine fibre nonwoven material, record its monofilament linear density average out to 0.02dtex left and right, by the powerful extension test of non-weaving cloth, its longitudinal brute force is 552N, and laterally brute force is 430N, and stiffness is 3.5cm.
Embodiment 2
Take COPET as extra large component, PA is island component, and selected spinning is compound than m[PA]: m[COPET] be 35/65.The pre-crystallized temperature of sea component COPET is 90 ℃, and the time is 45min, and baking temperature is 130 ℃, and the time is 1 () h; Island component PA baking temperature is 75 ℃, and drying residencing time is 10h.The each district of screw rod heating-up temperature is as shown in the table:
The temperature parameter of dinyl kettle liquid phase and vapour phase is as shown in the table:
Cooling quench speed is 0.55m/s, and temperature is 15 ℃, drawing-off pressure 0.4Mpa.Pendulum wire device wobble frequency is 800 times/min, 18 ° of pivot angles, after lapping, under hydraulic pressure 80bar, water stings fixed network, gained non-weaving cloth, take the NaOH of 1.5g/L as removal of solvents sea component, is made to fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent spunbond superfine fibre nonwoven material, record its monofilament linear density average out to 0.015dtex left and right, by the powerful extension test of non-weaving cloth, its longitudinal brute force is 533N, and laterally brute force is 418N, and stiffness is 2.3cm.
Embodiment 3
Take PET as extra large component, PA is island component, and selected spinning is compound than m[PA]: m[PET] be 40/60.The pre-crystallized temperature of sea component PET is 130 ℃, and the time is 4h, and baking temperature is 160 ℃, and drying residencing time is 10h; Island component PA baking temperature is 75 ℃, and drying residencing time is 10h.The each district of screw rod heating-up temperature is as shown in the table:
The temperature parameter of dinyl kettle liquid phase and vapour phase is as shown in the table:
Cooling quench speed is 0.45m/s, and temperature is 18 ℃, drawing-off pressure 0.4Mpa.Pendulum wire device wobble frequency is 700 times/min, 15 ° of pivot angles, after lapping under hydraulic pressure 100bar the perverse fixed network of water, gained non-weaving cloth, take the NaOH of 1g/L as removal of solvents sea component, is made to fabric of island-in-sea type bicomponent spunbond superfine fibre nonwoven material, record its monofilament linear density average out to 0.01dtex left and right, by the powerful extension test of non-weaving cloth, its longitudinal brute force is 632N, and laterally brute force is 560N, and stiffness is 2.5cm.