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CN103683932A - Voltage converter operable in pulse width modulation (PWM) mode or pulse skipping mode, and mode switching method for voltage converter - Google Patents

Voltage converter operable in pulse width modulation (PWM) mode or pulse skipping mode, and mode switching method for voltage converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103683932A
CN103683932A CN201210334567.3A CN201210334567A CN103683932A CN 103683932 A CN103683932 A CN 103683932A CN 201210334567 A CN201210334567 A CN 201210334567A CN 103683932 A CN103683932 A CN 103683932A
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pulse
signal
voltage
electric pressure
pressure converter
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CN103683932B (en
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许哲玮
游东明
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Elite Semiconductor Memory Technology Inc
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Elite Semiconductor Memory Technology Inc
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Abstract

The invention discloses a voltage converter operable in a pulse width modulation (PWM) mode or a pulse skipping mode. The voltage converter includes a power stage circuit, an error amplifier, a comparator, a current sensing element, a pulse skipping control circuit and a PWM logic control circuit, wherein the error amplifier is used for providing an error amplification voltage, the comparator is used for providing a pulse signal, the current sensing element is used for generating a sensed current signal, and the pulse skipping control circuit is used for receiving the error amplification voltage, the sensed current signal, a preset voltage and a preset current to generate a pulse skipping signal. At least one power switch in the power stage circuit acts according to the pulse signal in the PWM mode but acts according to the pulse skipping signal in the pulse skipping signal mode.

Description

Electric pressure converter and changing method under PWM mode or pulse omission pattern
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of electric pressure converter and changing method thereof operating under a pulse-width-modulated mode or a pulse omission pattern.
Background technology
Dc-dc electric pressure converter can, in order to an input voltage regulation is become to a stable output voltage, be used the required electric current of offered load.Generally speaking, dc-dc electric pressure converter is divided into pressure boosting type electric voltage converter (boost converter), buck electric pressure converter (buck converter) and step-down/up type electric pressure converter (buck-boost converter) according to the size of input voltage and output voltage values.Fig. 1 illustrates the configuration diagram of a typical buck electric pressure converter 10.With reference to Fig. 1, this buck electric pressure converter 10 comprises an inductance L, two interrupteur SW 1and SW 2, an output capacitance C oUTan and control circuit 12.This control circuit 12 is controlled two power switch SW in order to provide 1and SW 2two drive signal D 1and D 2, make those power switchs SW 1and SW 2can and close by conducting alternately.
With reference to Fig. 1, this control circuit 12 comprises an error amplifier 122, a comparator 124 and a pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) logic control circuit 126.This buck electric pressure converter 10 also comprises a bleeder circuit 14, and it is in order to detect output voltage V oUTvariation.This bleeder circuit 14 is by two series resistance R 1and R 2by output voltage V oUTcarry out dividing potential drop to produce corresponding feedback voltage V fB.Then, according to a reference voltage V rEFwith this feedback voltage V fBbetween voltage difference, this error amplifier 122 produces a corresponding output voltage V c.The output voltage V that this comparator 124 transmits at relative error amplifier 122 cwith a sawtooth signal V sAWafter, produce a pulse signal PWM.This pulse signal PWM is sent to this PWM logic control circuit 126 to produce corresponding driving signal D 1and D 2.By driving signal D 1and D 2open or close those power switchs SW 1and SW 2and inductance L is carried out to charge or discharge, this buck electric pressure converter 10 can produce needed load current and stable output voltage.
In above-mentioned dc-dc electric pressure converter, when underloading (referring to that needed load current is less) or no-load, if still with identical pulse signal PWM power ratio control switch, can be due to switch cost efficient not good problem.Efficiency when solving dc-dc electric pressure converter underloading or no-load, in known technology, this PWM logic control circuit 126 can separately receive a pulse and omit signal SKIP.When signal SKIP activation is omitted in this pulse, this electric pressure converter 10 can enter a pulse and omit pattern.Now, drive signal D 1can keep logic low, and drive signal D 2can keep logic high, as shown in Figure 2.Mode, can reduce interrupteur SW according to this 1and SW 2switch cost, thereby the efficiency while improving electric pressure converter underloading or no-load.
In known technology, when the output voltage V of this error amplifier 122 cbe less than a setting voltage V sETtime, signal SKIP meeting activation is omitted in this pulse, makes this electric pressure converter enter pulse by pulse-width-modulated mode and omits pattern.Yet, due to this output voltage V ccan be subject to input voltage V iN, output voltage V oUTwith load current I lOADimpact and produce different magnitudes of voltage, it is can gap quite large that the pattern of this electric pressure converter is switched state switching points.For example, as input voltage V iN=3.6V, output voltage V oUTduring=3.3V, this electric pressure converter may be at load current I lOADduring=10mA, from pulse-width-modulated mode, enter to pulse and omit pattern, and as input voltage V iN=5V, output voltage V oUTduring=1.2V, this electric pressure converter may be at load current I lOADduring=300mA, from pulse-width-modulated mode, enter to pulse and omit pattern.
When this electric pressure converter enters to pulse omission pattern from pulse-width-modulated mode, its whole efficiency can improve, yet ripple current (ripple current) can increase.Larger ripple current is at inductance L and output capacitance C oUTupper meeting causes extra loss.Therefore, be necessary to propose a kind of electric pressure converter and changing method thereof operating under a pulse-width-modulated mode or a pulse omission pattern, the pattern of this electric pressure converter is switched state switching points can not be subject to the impact of different input voltages and different output voltages.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of electric pressure converter operating under a pulse-width-modulated mode or a pulse omission pattern.
For reaching above-mentioned object, an embodiment of electric pressure converter of the present invention comprises an input, an output, a power stage circuit, an error amplifier, a comparator, a current sensing element, pulse omission control circuit and a pulse width modulation logic control circuit.This input is in order to receive a DC input voitage.This output is in order to provide the VD of an adjusting.This power stage circuit is coupled between this input and this output, and this power stage circuit comprises at least one power switch and an inductance.This error amplifier have receive a reference voltage a first input end, receive one second input of a feedback voltage that is associated with this VD and provide an error to amplify an output of voltage.This comparator has the output that this error of reception is amplified a first input end, one second input of reception one cyclical signal of voltage and a pulse signal is provided.This current sensing element is crossed an electric current of this power stage circuit to produce a sensed current signal in order to senses flow.This pulse is omitted control circuit and is amplified voltage, this sensed current signal, a predeterminated voltage and a predetermined current to produce a pulse omission signal in order to receive this error.This pulse width modulation logic control circuit is in order to omit signal to control this at least one power switch according to this pulse signal and this pulse.This at least one power switch is to move according to this pulse signal under this pulse-width-modulated mode, and under this pulse omission pattern, is according to this pulse, to omit signal to move.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the method for the operating mode of a kind of switching one electric pressure converter, wherein this electric pressure converter produces a VD in order to receive a DC input voitage to regulate, and this electric pressure converter is to operate on a pulse-width-modulated mode or pulse omission pattern.
For reaching above-mentioned object, an embodiment of method of the present invention comprises according to being associated with a feedback voltage of this VD and a reference voltage and amplifies voltage to produce an error; Relatively this error amplification voltage and a cyclical signal are to produce a pulse signal; Relatively this error amplification voltage and a predeterminated voltage are to produce one first comparison signal; Senses flow is crossed the electric current of an inductance of this electric pressure converter to produce a sensed current signal; Relatively this sensed current signal and a predetermined current are to produce one second comparison signal; And according to this first comparison signal and this second comparison signal, control that this electric pressure converter operates on this pulse-width-modulated mode or pattern is omitted in this pulse.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the configuration diagram of a typical buck electric pressure converter;
Fig. 2 illustrates this buck electric pressure converter and enters the oscillogram of pulse while omitting pattern;
Fig. 3 shows the configuration diagram in conjunction with an electric pressure converter of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows the different set-up modes of this current sensing element; And
Fig. 5 shows the thin portion circuit diagram that omits control circuit in conjunction with the pulse of one embodiment of the invention.
[main element label declaration]
10 buck electric pressure converter 12 control circuits
122 error amplifier 124 comparators
126PWM logic control circuit 14 bleeder circuits
30 electric pressure converter 32 power stage circuits
34 bleeder circuit 36 control circuits
362 error amplifier 364 comparators
Control circuit is omitted in 368 pulses of 366PWM logic control circuit
3682 comparator 3684 comparators
3686 combinational logic circuit 38 current sensing element
C oUToutput capacitance I lOADload current
L,L 1inductance R 1, R 2, R a, R bresistance
SW 1, SW 2, SW a, SW bswitch
Embodiment
The direction that the present invention inquires at this is a kind of electric pressure converter operating under a pulse-width-modulated mode or a pulse omission pattern.In order to understand up hill and dale the present invention, will detailed step and structure be proposed in following description.Apparently, execution of the present invention is not defined in the familiar specific details of skill person of association area.On the other hand, well-known structure or step are not described in details, with the restriction of avoiding causing the present invention unnecessary.Preferred embodiment meeting of the present invention is described in detail as follows, yet except these are described in detail, the present invention can also implement in other embodiments widely, and scope of the present invention circumscribed not, and it is as the criterion with above-mentioned the scope of the claims.
Fig. 3 shows the configuration diagram in conjunction with an electric pressure converter 30 of one embodiment of the invention.This electric pressure converter 30 is in order to receive an input voltage V iNto regulate, produce an output voltage V oUT.This electric pressure converter 30 (refers to needed load current I in heavy duty lOADlarger) (refer to needed load current I to underloading lOADless) time be to operate on a pulse-width-modulated mode, and this electric pressure converter 30 in underloading to no-load (load current I lOAD=0A) time, be to operate on a pulse to omit pattern.
With reference to Fig. 3, this electric pressure converter 30 comprises a power stage circuit 32, an output capacitance C oUT, a bleeder circuit 34, a control circuit 36 and a current sensing element 38.In the present embodiment, this electric pressure converter 30 is a buck electric pressure converter, therefore this power stage circuit 32 comprises an inductance L 1with two power switch SW aand SW b, this power switch SW wherein abe coupled to an input and a node N of this electric pressure converter 30 1between, this power switch SW bbe coupled to this node N 1and one between earth terminal and this inductance L 1be coupled to this node N 1and between an output of this electric pressure converter 30.Yet the present invention should be as limit.This electric pressure converter 30 can be the dc-dc electric pressure converter of arbitrary form, for example pressure boosting type electric voltage converter or step-down/up type electric pressure converter.
With reference to Fig. 3, this current sensing element 38 is crossed an electric current of this power stage circuit 32 to produce a sensed current signal I in order to senses flow sEN.In the present embodiment, these current sensing element 38 senses flow are crossed this power switch SW aan electric current to produce this sensed current signal I sEN.Flow through this power switch SW athis electric current in interrupteur SW aduring conducting, can equal inductive current i l.Yet the present invention should be as limit.This current sensing element 38 also can senses flow be crossed this power switch SW bor this inductance L 1electric current to produce this sensed current signal I sEN, as shown in Figure 4.
With reference to Fig. 3, this control circuit 36 comprises an error amplifier 362, a comparator 364 and a PWM logic control circuit 366.This error amplifier 362 has the reference voltage V of reception rEFa normal phase input end, receive and to be associated with this output voltage V oUTa feedback voltage V fBan inverting input and provide an error to amplify voltage V eAan output.This comparator 364 has the cyclical signal V of reception sAWa normal phase input end, receive this error and amplify voltage V eAan inverting input and an output of a pulse signal PLSE is provided.This cyclical signal is the signal with a fixed cycle, for example a sawtooth signal or a triangular signal.This PWM logic control circuit 366 is in order to provide control switch SW aand SW btwo drive signal D aand D b, make interrupteur SW aand SW bcan and close by conducting alternately.
With reference to Fig. 3, this control circuit 36 also comprises a pulse and omits control circuit 368.This pulse is omitted control circuit 368 and is amplified voltage V in order to receive this error eA, this sensed current signal I sEN, a predeterminated voltage V sETwith a predetermined current I sETto produce a pulse, omit signal PS.When not activation of signal PS is omitted in this pulse, this electric pressure converter 30 operates on a pulse-width-modulated mode.When signal PS activation is omitted in this pulse, this electric pressure converter 30 can enter a pulse from this pulse-width-modulated mode and omit pattern.
Fig. 5 shows the thin portion circuit diagram that omits control circuit 368 in conjunction with the pulse of one embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 5, this pulse is omitted control circuit 368 and is comprised comparator 3682 and 3684 and one combinational logic circuit 3686.This comparator 3682 has this predeterminated voltage of reception V sETa normal phase input end, receive this error and amplify voltage V eAan inverting input and a comparison signal CP is provided 1output.This comparator 3684 has this predetermined current of reception I sETa normal phase input end, receive this sensed current signal I sENan inverting input and a comparison signal CP is provided 2output.This combinational logic circuit 3684 is receiving those comparison signals CP 2and CP 2after, produce this pulse and omit signal PS.
The operation principle of this electric pressure converter 30 now coordinates Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 to be described as follows.With reference to Fig. 3, this bleeder circuit 34 in this electric pressure converter 30 is by two series resistance R aand R binstitute forms, and it is in order to detect output voltage V oUTvariation.This bleeder circuit 34 is according to series resistance R aand R bresistance ratio by output voltage V oUTcarry out dividing potential drop to obtain this feedback voltage V fB.Then, according to this reference voltage V rEFwith this feedback voltage V fBbetween voltage difference, this error amplifier 362 produces corresponding output voltage V eA.This output voltage V eAgenerally speaking can be subject to input voltage V iN, output voltage V oUTwith load current I lOADimpact and produce different magnitudes of voltage.
Producing output voltage V eAafter, this comparator 364 is this output voltage V relatively eAwith this sawtooth signal V sAWto produce this pulse signal PLSE.When this electric pressure converter 30 operates on pulse-width-modulated mode, this PWM logic control circuit 366 can produce two according to this pulse signal PLSE and drive signal D aand D b, use power ratio control interrupteur SW aand SW boN time.By opening or closing switch SW aand SW bcarry out charge or discharge inductance L, make output voltage V oUTthere is stable voltage level.
In the present embodiment, when this interrupteur SW aduring conducting, have an electric current increasing in time and flow through this current sensing element 38.This current sensing element 38 can senses flow be crossed this interrupteur SW aelectric current to produce this sensed current signal I sEN.When this output voltage V eAbe less than this predeterminated voltage V sETand this sensed current signal I sENbe less than this predetermined current I sETtime, this pulse is omitted control circuit 368 and can be sent the pulse with a high logic level and omit signal PS to this PWM logic control circuit 366.The pulse in reception with high logic level is omitted after signal PS, and this electric pressure converter 30 can enter pulse and omit pattern.Now this PWM logic control circuit 366 can send the driving signal D with low logic level awith the driving signal D with high logic level b, to reduce interrupteur SW aand SW bswitching frequency.In another embodiment of the present invention, when this electric pressure converter 30 enters pulse omission pattern, this PWM logic control circuit 366 can omit the partial pulse of this pulse signal PLSE, to reduce interrupteur SW aand SW bswitching frequency.
As this load current I lOADduring increase, operate in the output voltage V that this electric pressure converter 30 of pattern is omitted in pulse oUTcan decline, make the output voltage V of this error amplifier 362 eAcan rise.When this output voltage V eAbe greater than this predeterminated voltage V sETtime, this pulse is omitted control circuit 366 and can be sent the pulse with a low logic level and omit signal PS to this PWM logic control circuit 366, makes this electric pressure converter 30 enter pulse-width-modulated mode.Now this control circuit 366 can produce and drive signal D according to this pulse signal PLSE aand D b, use alternately conducting and closing switch SW aand SW b, make this output voltage V oUTreply specified voltage level.
On the other hand, when this electric pressure converter 30 enters pulse omission pattern, as this sensed current signal I sENbe greater than this predetermined current I sETtime, this pulse is omitted control circuit 366 and also can be sent the pulse with a low logic level and omit signal PS to this control circuit 366.The pulse in reception with low logic level is omitted after signal PS, and this electric pressure converter 30 can enter pulse-width-modulated mode.Now this control circuit 366 can produce and drive signal D according to this pulse signal PLSE aand D b, use alternately conducting and closing switch SW aand SW b, make this output voltage V oUTreply specified voltage level.
In an embodiment of the present invention, this predetermined current I sETvalue be according to flowing through this inductance L of this electric pressure converter 30 1average current and set.While operating on the boundary point of DCM (Discontinuous Conduction Mode, DCM) and continuous conduction mode (Continuous Conduction Mode, CCM) due to this electric pressure converter 30, flow through this inductance L 1average electrical to fail to be convened for lack of a quorum be half of peak current, therefore, setting this predetermined current I sETtime be while operating on the boundary point of DCM and CCM with this electric pressure converter 30, to flow through this inductance L 1average current and determine.For example, when operating on the boundary point of DCM and CCM, this electric pressure converter 30 flows through this inductance L 1average current be 100mA, this predetermined current I sETvalue can be set as 200mA.Therefore, when flowing through this inductance L 1peak current while dropping to 200mA, this comparator 3684 can touch with output comparison signal CP 2, represent that this electric pressure converter 30 enters DCM pattern by CCM pattern.
In the above-described embodiments, be to take buck electric pressure converter as example explanation embodiments of the present invention and effect thereof, yet the present invention should be as limit.For example, pressure boosting type electric voltage converter and step-down/up type electric pressure converter are owing to having the control circuit of identical or approximate configuration, therefore the present invention also can implement thereon.
Technology contents of the present invention and technical characterstic disclose as above, yet those skilled in the art still may be based on teaching of the present invention and announcements and done all replacement and modifications that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be not limited to those disclosed embodiments, and should comprise various do not deviate from replacement of the present invention and modifications, and is contained by above-mentioned claim scope.

Claims (9)

1. operate on the electric pressure converter under a pulse-width-modulated mode or a pulse omission pattern, this electric pressure converter comprises:
One input, in order to receive a DC input voitage;
One output, in order to provide the VD of an adjusting;
One power stage circuit, is coupled between this input and this output, and this power stage circuit comprises at least one power switch and an inductance;
One error amplifier, have receive a reference voltage a first input end, receive one second input of a feedback voltage that is associated with this VD and provide an error to amplify an output of voltage;
One comparator, has and receives the output that this error is amplified one second input of a first input end of voltage, reception one cyclical signal and a pulse signal is provided;
One current sensing element, crosses an electric current of this power stage circuit to produce a sensed current signal in order to senses flow;
Control circuit is omitted in one pulse, in order to receive this error, amplifies voltage, this sensed current signal, a predeterminated voltage and a predetermined current to produce a pulse omission signal; And
One pulse width modulation logic control circuit, in order to omit signal to control this at least one power switch according to this pulse signal and this pulse;
Wherein, this at least one power switch is to move according to this pulse signal under this pulse-width-modulated mode, and under this pulse omission pattern, is according to this pulse, to omit signal to move.
2. electric pressure converter according to claim 1, wherein this pulse is omitted logic control circuit and is comprised:
One first comparator, has and receives a first input end of this error amplification voltage, an output that receives one second input of this predeterminated voltage and one first comparison signal is provided;
One second comparator, have receive this sensed current signal a first input end, receive one second input of this predetermined current and an output of one second comparison signal be provided; And
One combinational logic circuit, omits signal in order to receive this first comparison signal and this second comparison signal to produce this pulse.
3. electric pressure converter according to claim 1, wherein, when this error is amplified voltage and is less than this predeterminated voltage and this sensed current signal and is less than this predetermined current, this electric pressure converter enters this pulse by this pulse-width-modulated mode and omits pattern.
4. electric pressure converter according to claim 1, wherein, when this error is amplified voltage and is greater than this predeterminated voltage or this sensed current signal and is greater than this predetermined current, this electric pressure converter enters this pulse-width-modulated mode by this pulse omission pattern.
5. according to the electric pressure converter described in claim 3 or 4, wherein this predetermined current is to set according to the average current that flows through this inductance of this power stage circuit.
6. a method of switching the operating mode of an electric pressure converter, this electric pressure converter produces a VD in order to receive a DC input voitage to regulate, this electric pressure converter is to operate on a pulse-width-modulated mode or pulse omission pattern, and described method comprises:
According to the feedback voltage and the reference voltage that are associated with this VD, to produce an error, amplify voltage;
Relatively this error amplification voltage and a cyclical signal are to produce a pulse signal;
Relatively this error amplification voltage and a predeterminated voltage are to produce one first comparison signal;
Senses flow is crossed the electric current of an inductance of this electric pressure converter to produce a sensed current signal;
Relatively this sensed current signal and a predetermined current are to produce one second comparison signal; And
According to this first comparison signal and this second comparison signal, control this electric pressure converter and operate on this pulse-width-modulated mode or this pulse omission pattern.
7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein, when this error is amplified voltage and is less than this predeterminated voltage and this sensed current signal and is less than this predetermined current, this electric pressure converter enters this pulse by this pulse-width-modulated mode and omits pattern.
8. according to the method for claim 6, wherein, when this error is amplified voltage and is greater than this predeterminated voltage or this sensed current signal and is greater than this predetermined current, this electric pressure converter enters this pulse-width-modulated mode by this pulse omission pattern.
9. according to the method for claim 7 or 8, wherein this predetermined current is to set according to the average current that flows through this inductance of this electric pressure converter.
CN201210334567.3A 2012-09-11 2012-09-11 Electric pressure converter under PWM mode or pulse omission pattern and changing method Active CN103683932B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106059300A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-10-26 电子科技大学 Voltage converter based on pulse skip width modulation mode
CN106169869A (en) * 2016-07-18 2016-11-30 电子科技大学 A kind of pseudo-pwm control circuit
CN112039450A (en) * 2019-06-04 2020-12-04 晶豪科技股份有限公司 Pulse width modulation driving stage and full-bridge type D power amplifier
US11150280B2 (en) 2019-02-25 2021-10-19 Analog Devices, Inc. Apparatus and method for current measurement
CN113972841A (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-25 联发科技股份有限公司 Current detection circuit and related current mode control circuit

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TWI634728B (en) * 2017-09-08 2018-09-01 茂達電子股份有限公司 Control circuit operating in pulse skip mode (psm) and voltage converter having the same

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JP2009225642A (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-10-01 Renesas Technology Corp Power supply apparatus and semiconductor integrated circuit apparatus
CN102055334A (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-11 立锜科技股份有限公司 Control circuit and method for buck-boost power supply converter
CN102412708A (en) * 2011-12-28 2012-04-11 成都芯源系统有限公司 Switch converter and control circuit and control method thereof

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JP2009225642A (en) * 2008-03-19 2009-10-01 Renesas Technology Corp Power supply apparatus and semiconductor integrated circuit apparatus
CN102055334A (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-11 立锜科技股份有限公司 Control circuit and method for buck-boost power supply converter
CN102412708A (en) * 2011-12-28 2012-04-11 成都芯源系统有限公司 Switch converter and control circuit and control method thereof

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106169869A (en) * 2016-07-18 2016-11-30 电子科技大学 A kind of pseudo-pwm control circuit
CN106169869B (en) * 2016-07-18 2018-09-21 电子科技大学 A kind of puppet pwm control circuit
CN106059300A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-10-26 电子科技大学 Voltage converter based on pulse skip width modulation mode
CN106059300B (en) * 2016-08-12 2018-07-20 电子科技大学 A kind of voltage changer based on pulse over-cycle phase width modulated mode
US11150280B2 (en) 2019-02-25 2021-10-19 Analog Devices, Inc. Apparatus and method for current measurement
CN112039450A (en) * 2019-06-04 2020-12-04 晶豪科技股份有限公司 Pulse width modulation driving stage and full-bridge type D power amplifier
CN112039450B (en) * 2019-06-04 2024-03-26 晶豪科技股份有限公司 Pulse width modulation output stage device and full-bridge type D-type power amplifier
CN113972841A (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-25 联发科技股份有限公司 Current detection circuit and related current mode control circuit

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