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CN103344496B - A kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device and test method - Google Patents

A kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device and test method Download PDF

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CN103344496B
CN103344496B CN201310232298.4A CN201310232298A CN103344496B CN 103344496 B CN103344496 B CN 103344496B CN 201310232298 A CN201310232298 A CN 201310232298A CN 103344496 B CN103344496 B CN 103344496B
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hydraulic valve
pressure
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gas
hydraulic
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CN103344496A (en
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陈益峰
胡少华
魏凯
胡冉
周创兵
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Wuhan University WHU
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device and test method.The device that the present invention relates to comprises axial compression servo-drive system, confined pressure servo-drive system, water (gas) press servo-drive system, data acquisition system (DAS) and data handling system, can carry out hydrostatic compression, triaxial compressions overall process and the stress-seepage coupling that adds unloading circulation lower is tested.By the current confined pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) real-time survey record rock sample, bias value, axis, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export side pressure force value; Data handling system draws out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water (gas) are buckled line, then automatically calculate the permeability of rock sample, porosity, axis and side direction Biot coefficient, and carry out storing and showing.This measurement mechanism can complete rock material particularly hypotonic rock stress-seepage coupling test under complicated stress environment, and test findings is reliable, and can intuitively show.

Description

A kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device and test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coupling device and test method, especially relate to a kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device and test method.
Background technology
The key issue that the field key project constructions such as the deformation characteristic of rock under complex stress environment and Penetration Signature research are large-scale water conservancy and hydropowers, deep resource is exploited, oil/gas energy underground storage, underground space utilization are in the urgent need to address.Due to the complicacy of rock Environmental effect, under the effect of various project management model, rock initial in-site stress field is transformed, and Stress Field Distribution changes, and rock produces the evolution of distortion and microscopical structure, thus causes the Penetration Signature of rock to change; Correspondingly, the change of permeability of rock changes causing the distribution of seepage field, from and further transformation rock stress field.This interaction of rock seepage field and stress field and influence each other and be called rock action of seepage-stress coupling, rock stress-seepage coupling test is the key of carrying out rock stress field and the research of seepage field coupling mechanism.But conventional field testing procedure is difficult to the Changing Pattern obtaining Penetration Signature in process of rock deformation, adopt the permeability test in rock indoor triaxial compressions process can disclose the Evolution of permeability in its complete stress-strain course.
Since the fifties in last century, the Penetration Signature research in rock triaxial compressions process receives the attention of academia and engineering circles.But, most of permeability test of domestic and international many scholars mainly for osmotic coefficient ratio higher permeability 10 -12~ 10 -16m 2the rock sample of magnitude, in triaxial compressions process, permeability of low-leakage stone is 10 -16~ 10 -22m 2the permeability test achievement of magnitude is actually rare.Existing achievement in research shows, the whole English teaching of rock in triaxial compressions process can be divided into failure stage behind initial densification stage, elastic deformation stage, local damage stage, violent injury stage and peak, and the Penetration Signature of rock is violent near stable increase, peak value before correspondingly showing as initial decline, elastic stability, peak in the process increases and lower degradation feature behind peak.
Current, rock (the especially hypotonic rock) the laboratory study on behavior of permeability in triaxial compressions process has become the study hotspot of International Rock mechanics field, research technique many employings transient pulse technique, osmotic fluid many employings water or gas are as nitrogen, helium.But, due to singularity and the complicacy of permeability characteristic test in rock triaxial compressions process, domestic rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device not yet developing perfect in shape and function at present.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technical matters of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device, is characterized in that, comprise axial compression servo-drive system, confined pressure servo-drive system, infusion fluid systems, fluid permeability system, and the data sampling and processing device be connected with described system.
At above-mentioned rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device, the first hydraulic valve that described axial compression servo-drive system comprises axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump, is attached thereto, the axial compression sensor immediately after the first hydraulic valve; Described axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump is also connected with data sampling and processing device; Described axial compression sensor is also connected with gas osmosis system.
At above-mentioned rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device, the second hydraulic valve that described confined pressure servo-drive system comprises confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump, is attached thereto, the confined pressure sensor immediately after the first hydraulic valve; Described confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump is also connected with data sampling and processing device; Described axial compression sensor is also connected with gas osmosis system.
At above-mentioned rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device, described infusion fluid systems comprises the high pressure nitrogen, air valve, the gas pressure reducer that are connected according to this, water bottle and the water valve be connected with water bottle, water/gas pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump and the 3rd hydraulic valve are connected, be connected with above-mentioned water valve after pressing with water (gas) high-precision hydraulic pump to be connected before described 3rd hydraulic valve, then be connected with gas osmosis system.
At above-mentioned rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device, described fluid permeability system comprises entrance point, sample and sample sealing system, triaxial cell and supports load transfer device, endpiece; Wherein entrance point comprises entrance point pressure transducer, the 4th hydraulic valve, entrance point steel cylinder, the 5th hydraulic valve; With entrance point pressure transducer before described 4th hydraulic valve, after be connected successively with entrance point steel cylinder, the 5th hydraulic valve; Infiltration piston is placed at described sample two ends, and rubber case is by sample and infiltration piston parcel, and sample seals at rubber case two ends by envelope gas banding hoop; Described triaxial cell and support load transfer device comprise triaxial cell, support, lifting jack, are placed in bottom, pressure chamber and the 6th hydraulic valve be connected with a fluid recovery container, are placed in pressure chamber and connect open to atmosphere 7th hydraulic valve; Endpiece comprises outlet pressures sensor, the 8th hydraulic valve and the endpiece steel cylinder, the 9th hydraulic valve that are connected in turn, the tenth hydraulic valve, and wherein outlet pressures sensor is connected with the 8th hydraulic valve, the tenth hydraulic valve respectively; Entrance point is connected by the 11 hydraulic valve with endpiece.
At above-mentioned rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device, described data sampling and processing device comprises computer acquisition and disposal system.
Three processes that the present invention relates to are as follows:
Mechanical process: axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system can realize hydrostatic compression, triaxial compressions overall process and add complicated stress environment process such as unloading circulation etc., easy to operate, automaticity is high, pressure process is carried out completely under the control of the computer; Axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system axially can apply 0 ~ 375MPa bias voltage at rock sample, and side direction applies 0 ~ 60MPa confined pressure, and control accuracy of exerting pressure is 0.01MPa, and can keep stable in two months, error is no more than 1%; Axial bias loads can select displacement, axial strain rate, normal pressure gradient and varying stress gradient four kinds of modes to control, and side direction confined pressure loads can select hoop strain rate, normal pressure power and varying stress three kinds of modes to control.
Flow event: pore water (gas) pressure can be applied at rock sample import and export end by water/gas pressure servo-drive system, water/gas pressure servo-drive system is made up of infusion fluid systems and fluid permeability system; Infusion fluid systems can provide the pore water pressure of 0 ~ 40MP or the high pure nitrogen of 0.1 ~ 10MPa, and control accuracy of exerting pressure is 0.01MPa, and error is no more than 1%; Fluid permeability system can carry out water (gas) permeability test of pipeline loop and steel cylinder loop two different ranges.Pipeline loop can carry out 10 -16~ 10 -22m 2the fluid permeability test of range, be made up of inlet pipeline, sample, outlet conduit, inlet pipeline is connected by hydraulic valve with outlet conduit; Steel cylinder loop can carry out 10 -12~ 10 -18m 2the fluid permeability test of range, is made up of inlet pipeline, import steel cylinder, sample, outlet steel cylinder, outlet conduit.
Coupling process: by axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system, is applied to default confined pressure, bias value and also keeps stable, apply pore water (gas) compress into row coupling test at rock sample import and export end by water/gas pressure servo-drive system.By the current confined pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) real-time survey record rock sample, bias value, axis, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export side pressure force value; Data handling system draws out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water (gas) are buckled line, then automatically calculate the permeability of rock sample, porosity, axis and side direction Biot coefficient, and carry out storing and showing.
A kind of rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device test method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, sampling dress sample: drill through φ 50mm × 100mm key rock sample, continuously baking 24 hours in 105 ° of baking ovens, then coldly in vacuum cooled tower puts 24 hours, can put into rubber suit sample afterwards;
Step 2, triaxial chamber is oil-filled: after dress sample completes, close the 6th hydraulic valve, then the second hydraulic valve and the 7th hydraulic valve is opened successively, to triaxial cell's topping up force feed, to drive the air inside triaxial cell, hydraulic oil forms circulation by pipeline, illustrate that triaxial cell is full of, now close the 7th hydraulic valve;
Step 3, sample is saturated: close the 4th hydraulic valve successively, 8th hydraulic valve, tenth hydraulic valve, then the air valve of high pressure nitrogen is opened, gas pressure reducer outlet pressure is made to reach setting value, open the 3rd hydraulic valve, to fetch boiling water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump, to inlet pipeline inflation until pressure reaches setting value, close the 3rd hydraulic valve, saturated to sample inflation, enter in saturation history, the force value of endpiece is by entering, outlet pressures sensor, Real-time Collection, treat into, outlet section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve,
Step 4, Mechanical loading: load mode selects following three kinds of Mechanical loading modes to load, and selects load mode one: hydrostatic compresses, and confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value; Select load mode two: triaxial compressions loads, and confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value, then carry out axis deflection and be loaded into destruction; Select load mode three: cyclic loading and unloading, confined pressure, axial compression are loaded into setting value, and keep confined pressure constant then unloading axial compression to setting value, this process that circulates is until destroy;
Described three kinds of load modes include confined pressure and load and bias voltage loading, and the method that described confined pressure loads is: open confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump, and apply confined pressure to predetermined value, confined pressure value is by confined pressure sensor Real-time Collection;
The method that described axial bias loads is: first open the first hydraulic valve 2, then opens axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump and applies hydraulic pressure to the cylinder inside lifting jack, then by lifting jack, bias voltage is applied to sample; Described axial bias loads selects displacement, axial strain rate, normal one of pressure gradient and varying stress gradient four kinds of modes to control, in order to obtain the permeability of hypotonic rock in triaxial compressions process, first adopt axial strain rate to control to apply axial compression to setting value when axial bias loads, now constant in this value in order to maintain axial compression, change the load mode loading that normal pressure gradient is 0 into, bias value is by axial compression sensor Real-time Collection;
Step 5, fluid permeability: close the 11 hydraulic valve successively, 5th hydraulic valve, 9th hydraulic valve, tenth hydraulic valve, open the 4th hydraulic valve successively, 8th hydraulic valve, tenth hydraulic valve, 3rd hydraulic valve, improve inducer force value instantaneously to predetermined value, then the 3rd hydraulic valve is closed, carry out fluid permeability test, in fluid permeability process, enter, the force value of endpiece is by entering, outlet pressures sensor, Real-time Collection, computing machine stores data in real time and shows, treat into, outlet section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve,
Step 6, adjusts to next stage setting value and performs step 4 by applying bias voltage, then perform the measurement that step 5 carries out permeability under current pressure values; In triaxial compressions overall process, by the current confined pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) real-time survey record rock sample, bias value, axis, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export side pressure force value; Data handling system draws out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water/gas pressure curve, then calculate the permeability of rock sample, porosity, axis and side direction Biot coefficient automatically, and carry out storing and showing; Repeat step 4 to step 5, until Complete Stress-Strain Process terminates;
Step 7, sample is torn in release open: close gas check valve, open the 11 hydraulic valve, the 5th hydraulic valve, the 9th hydraulic valve, the tenth hydraulic valve according to this, discharges gas until pressure is shown as pipeline residual value; By closing the first hydraulic valve after computer acquisition and disposal system removal axle, confined pressure to pipeline residual value, open the 6th hydraulic valve, discharge the hydraulic oil of triaxial cell, after oily emptying, close the second hydraulic valve, open triaxial cell and remove sample, test complete.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: can complete rock material particularly hypotonic rock stress-seepage coupling test under complicated stress environment, test findings is reliable, and can intuitively show.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is rock triaxial compression-water (gas) coupling device schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is axial compression, confined pressure servo-drive system schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3a is hydrostatic compression schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3b is triaxial compressions total stress-schematic illustration of strain.
Accompanying drawing 3c is for adding unloading circulation schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 4 is infusion fluid systems schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 5 is fluid permeability system schematic.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.In accompanying drawing: axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump 1, first hydraulic valve 2, axial compression sensor 3, confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump 4, second hydraulic valve 5, confined pressure sensor 6, high pressure nitrogen 7, air valve 8, gas pressure reducer 9, water bottle 10, water valve 11, water/gas pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump 12, 3rd hydraulic valve 13, entrance point pressure transducer 14, fluid recovery container 15, envelope gas hoop 16, rubber case 17, sample 18, infiltration piston 19, triaxial cell 20, support 21, lifting jack 22, 6th hydraulic valve 23, 7th hydraulic valve 24, 11 hydraulic valve 25, 4th hydraulic valve 26, entrance point steel cylinder 27, 5th hydraulic valve 28, 8th hydraulic valve 29, endpiece steel cylinder 30, 9th hydraulic valve 31, outlet pressures sensor 32, tenth hydraulic valve 33, computer acquisition and disposal system 34.
Embodiment:
Select gas as follows as the specific embodiment of the present invention during osmotic fluid:
Step 1, sampling dress sample.Drill through φ 50mm × 100mm key rock sample, continuously baking 24 hours in 105 ° of baking ovens, then coldly in vacuum cooled tower put 24 hours.Rubber sleeve 17 can be put into afterwards and fill sample.
Step 2, triaxial chamber is oil-filled.After dress sample completes, close the 6th hydraulic valve 23, then open the second hydraulic valve 5 and the 7th hydraulic valve 24 successively, to triaxial cell 20 topping up force feed, to drive the air inside triaxial cell 20.Hydraulic oil forms circulation by pipeline, illustrates that triaxial cell 20 is full of, and now closes the 7th hydraulic valve 24.
Step 3, Mechanical loading.Loading can select the compression of accompanying drawing 3a hydrostatic, Fig. 3 b triaxial compressions, Fig. 3 c cyclic loading and unloading three kinds of mechanics paths, at this for Fig. 3 b triaxial compressions overall process.Confined pressure loads: open confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump 4, and apply confined pressure to predetermined value, confined pressure value is by confined pressure sensor 6 Real-time Collection; Bias voltage loads: first open the first hydraulic valve 2, then opens axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump 1 and applies hydraulic pressure to the cylinder inside lifting jack 22, then by lifting jack 22, bias voltage is applied to sample 18.Axial bias loads can select displacement, axial strain rate, normal pressure gradient and varying stress gradient four kinds of modes to control, in order to obtain the permeability of hypotonic rock in triaxial compressions process, first adopt axial strain rate to control to apply axial compression to setting value when axial bias loads, now constant in this value in order to maintain axial compression, change the load mode loading that normal pressure gradient is 0 into, bias value is by axial compression sensor 3 Real-time Collection.
Step 4, sample is saturated.Fluid discharging apparatus as shown in Figure 4, can select water or gas as permeating medium, at this for high pressure nitrogen.Sample saturation history: close the 4th hydraulic valve 26, the 8th hydraulic valve 29, the tenth hydraulic valve 33 successively, then the air valve 8 of high pressure nitrogen 7 is opened, gas pressure reducer outlet pressure 9 is made to reach setting value, open the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, to fetch boiling water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump 12, to inlet pipeline inflation until pressure reaches setting value.Close the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, inflate saturated to sample 18.In saturation history, the force value of import and export end is by import and export end pressure sensor 14,32 Real-time Collection, until import and export section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve 25.
Step 5, fluid permeability.Fluid permeability schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5, close the 11 hydraulic valve 25, the 5th hydraulic valve 28, the 9th hydraulic valve 31, the tenth hydraulic valve 33 successively, open the 4th hydraulic valve 26, the 8th hydraulic valve 29, the tenth hydraulic valve 33, the 3rd hydraulic valve 13 successively, improve inducer force value instantaneously to predetermined value, then close the 3rd hydraulic valve 13, carry out fluid permeability test.In fluid permeability process, the force value of import and export end is by import and export end pressure sensor 14,32 Real-time Collection, computing machine stores data in real time and shows, until import and export section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve 25.
Step 6, repeats step 3, applies to be biased into next stage setting value, then repeats the measurement that step 5 carries out permeability under current pressure values.In triaxial compressions overall process, by the current confined pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) real-time survey record rock sample, bias value, axis, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export side pressure force value; Data handling system draws out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water (gas) are buckled line, then automatically calculate the permeability of rock sample, porosity, axis and side direction Biot coefficient, and carry out storing and showing.Repeat above-mentioned steps, until Complete Stress-Strain Process terminates.
Step 7, sample is torn in release open.Close gas check valve 8, open the 11 hydraulic valve 25, the 5th hydraulic valve 28, the 9th hydraulic valve 31, the tenth hydraulic valve 33 according to this, gas is discharged until pressure is shown as pipeline residual value; By closing the first hydraulic valve 2 after computer acquisition and disposal system 34 removal axle, confined pressure to pipeline residual value.Open the 6th hydraulic valve 23, discharge the hydraulic oil of triaxial cell 20, close the second hydraulic valve 5 after oily emptying, open triaxial cell 20 and remove sample 18, test complete.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Although more employ axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump 1 herein, first hydraulic valve 2, axial compression sensor 3, confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump 4, second hydraulic valve 5, confined pressure sensor 6, high pressure nitrogen 7, air valve 8, gas pressure reducer 9, water bottle 10, water valve 11, water/gas pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump 12, 3rd hydraulic valve 13, entrance point pressure transducer 14, fluid recovery container 15, envelope gas hoop 16, rubber case 17, sample 18, infiltration piston 19, triaxial cell 20, support 21, lifting jack 22, 6th hydraulic valve 23, 7th hydraulic valve 24, 11 hydraulic valve 25, 4th hydraulic valve 26, entrance point steel cylinder 27, 5th hydraulic valve 28, 8th hydraulic valve 29, endpiece steel cylinder 30, 9th hydraulic valve 31, outlet pressures sensor 32, tenth hydraulic valve 33, the terms such as computer acquisition and disposal system 34, but do not get rid of the possibility using other term.These terms are used to be only used to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; The restriction that they are construed to any one additional is all contrary with spirit of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. rock triaxial compression-water/gas coupling device, is characterized in that, comprises axial compression servo-drive system, confined pressure servo-drive system, infusion fluid systems, fluid permeability system, and the data sampling and processing device be connected with described system;
The first hydraulic valve (2) that described axial compression servo-drive system comprises axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump (1), is attached thereto, the axial compression sensor (3) immediately after the first hydraulic valve (2); Described axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump (1) is also connected with data sampling and processing device; Described axial compression sensor (3) is also connected with gas osmosis system;
The second hydraulic valve (5) that described confined pressure servo-drive system comprises confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump (4), is attached thereto, the confined pressure sensor (6) immediately after the first hydraulic valve (5); Described confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump (4) is also connected with data sampling and processing device; Described axial compression sensor (6) is also connected with gas osmosis system;
Described infusion fluid systems comprises the high pressure nitrogen (7), air valve (8), the gas pressure reducer (9) that are connected according to this, water bottle (11) and the water valve (10) be connected with water bottle (11), water/gas pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump (12) and the 3rd hydraulic valve (13) are connected, described 3rd hydraulic valve (13) is front press with water/gas high-precision hydraulic pump (12) to be connected after be connected with above-mentioned water valve (10), then to be connected with gas osmosis system.
2. rock triaxial compression-water/gas coupling device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fluid permeability system comprises entrance point, sample and sample sealing system, triaxial cell and supports load transfer device, endpiece; Wherein entrance point comprises entrance point pressure transducer (14), the 4th hydraulic valve (26), entrance point steel cylinder (27), the 5th hydraulic valve (28); Described 4th hydraulic valve (26) is front with entrance point pressure transducer (14), is connected successively afterwards with entrance point steel cylinder (27), the 5th hydraulic valve (28); Infiltration piston (19) is placed at described sample (18) two ends, rubber case (17) is by sample (18) and infiltration piston (19) parcel, and sample (18) seals at rubber case (17) two ends by envelope gas hoop (16) lock ring; Described triaxial cell and support load transfer device comprise triaxial cell (20), support (21), lifting jack (22), are placed in (20) bottom, pressure chamber and the 6th hydraulic valve (23) be connected with a fluid recovery container (15), are placed in pressure chamber (20) and connect open to atmosphere 7th hydraulic valve (24); Endpiece comprises outlet pressures sensor (32), 8th hydraulic valve (29) and the endpiece steel cylinder (30), the 9th hydraulic valve (31) that are connected in turn, tenth hydraulic valve (33), wherein outlet pressures sensor (32) is connected with the 8th hydraulic valve (29), the tenth hydraulic valve (33) respectively; Entrance point is connected by the 11 hydraulic valve (25) with endpiece.
3. rock triaxial compression-water/gas coupling device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described data sampling and processing device comprises computer acquisition and disposal system (34).
4. rock triaxial compression-water/gas coupling device test method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, sampling dress sample: drill through φ 50mm × 100mm key rock sample, continuously baking 24 hours in 105 ° of baking ovens, then coldly in vacuum cooled tower puts 24 hours, can put into rubber sleeve (17) dress sample afterwards;
Step 2, triaxial chamber is oil-filled: after dress sample completes, close the 6th hydraulic valve (23), then the second hydraulic valve (5) and the 7th hydraulic valve (24) is opened successively, to triaxial cell (20) topping up force feed, to drive the air of the inside, triaxial cell (20), hydraulic oil forms circulation by pipeline, illustrate that triaxial cell (20) is full of, now close the 7th hydraulic valve (24);
Step 3, sample is saturated: close the 4th hydraulic valve (26) successively, 8th hydraulic valve (29), tenth hydraulic valve (33), then the air valve (8) of high pressure nitrogen (7) is opened, gas pressure reducer outlet pressure (9) is made to reach setting value, open the 3rd hydraulic valve (13), to fetch boiling water/pneumatic servo high-precision hydraulic pump (12), to inlet pipeline inflation until pressure reaches setting value, close the 3rd hydraulic valve (13), inflate saturated to sample (18), enter in saturation history, the force value of endpiece is by entering, outlet pressures sensor (14), (32) Real-time Collection, treat into, outlet section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve (25),
Step 4, Mechanical loading: load mode selects following three kinds of Mechanical loading modes to load, and selects load mode one: hydrostatic compresses, and confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value; Select load mode two: triaxial compressions loads, and confined pressure remains unchanged after being loaded into setting value, then carry out axis deflection and be loaded into destruction; Select load mode three: cyclic loading and unloading, confined pressure, axial compression are loaded into setting value, and keep confined pressure constant then unloading axial compression to setting value, this process that circulates is until destroy;
Described three kinds of load modes include confined pressure and load and bias voltage loading, and the method that described confined pressure loads is: open confined pressure servo high-precision hydraulic pump (4), and apply confined pressure to predetermined value, confined pressure value is by confined pressure sensor (6) Real-time Collection;
The method that described axial bias loads is: first open the first hydraulic valve (2), then open axial compression servo high-precision hydraulic pump (1) and apply hydraulic pressure to the cylinder of lifting jack (22) the inside, then by lifting jack (22), bias voltage is applied to sample (18); Described axial bias loads selects displacement, axial strain rate, normal one of pressure gradient and varying stress gradient four kinds of modes to control, in order to obtain the permeability of hypotonic rock in triaxial compressions process, first adopt axial strain rate to control to apply axial compression to setting value when axial bias loads, now constant in this value in order to maintain axial compression, change the load mode loading that normal pressure gradient is 0 into, bias value is by axial compression sensor (3) Real-time Collection;
Step 5, fluid permeability: close the 11 hydraulic valve (25) successively, 5th hydraulic valve (28), 9th hydraulic valve (31), tenth hydraulic valve (33), open the 4th hydraulic valve (26) successively, 8th hydraulic valve (29), tenth hydraulic valve (33), 3rd hydraulic valve (13), improve inducer force value instantaneously to predetermined value, then the 3rd hydraulic valve (13) is closed, carry out fluid permeability test, in fluid permeability process, enter, the force value of endpiece is by entering, outlet pressures sensor (14), (32) Real-time Collection, computing machine stores data in real time and shows, treat into, outlet section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 11 hydraulic valve (25),
Step 6, adjusts to next stage setting value and performs step 4 by applying bias voltage, then perform the measurement that step 5 carries out permeability under current pressure values; In triaxial compressions overall process, by the current confined pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) real-time survey record rock sample, bias value, axis, hoop and bulk strain value, import and export side pressure force value; Data handling system draws out corresponding stress-strain curve, import and export end pressure-time-history curves, sample deformation and pore water/gas pressure curve, then calculate the permeability of rock sample, porosity, axis and side direction Biot coefficient automatically, and carry out storing and showing; Repeat step 4 to step 5, until Complete Stress-Strain Process terminates;
Step 7, sample is torn in release open: close gas check valve (8), open the 11 hydraulic valve (25), the 5th hydraulic valve (28), the 9th hydraulic valve (31), the tenth hydraulic valve (33) according to this, gas is discharged until pressure is shown as pipeline residual value; By closing the first hydraulic valve (2) after computer acquisition and disposal system (34) removal axle, confined pressure to pipeline residual value, open the 6th hydraulic valve (23), discharge the hydraulic oil of triaxial cell (20), the second hydraulic valve (5) is closed after oil emptying, open triaxial cell (20) and remove sample (18), test complete.
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