CN105547849B - Large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds unloading test device and test method - Google Patents
Large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds unloading test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105547849B CN105547849B CN201610115649.7A CN201610115649A CN105547849B CN 105547849 B CN105547849 B CN 105547849B CN 201610115649 A CN201610115649 A CN 201610115649A CN 105547849 B CN105547849 B CN 105547849B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxials to add unloading test device and test method, the device is by confining pressure loading module, sample storage and water outlet module, artesian water loading module, load loading module and signal acquiring and processing system composition, confining pressure loading module is independent by two sets, vertical level adds uninstalling system to constitute, unloading is added to the sample storage and water outlet module progress horizontal load wrapped up, artesian water loading module is located at sample storage and water outlet module bottom, unloading is added to bedded rock bottom progress artesian water, load loading module is located at the top of sample storage and water outlet module, it is unloaded to adding for vertical load is carried out at the top of bedded rock, signal acquiring and processing system carries out signal processing and analysis during the experiment.For the experimental rig by four sets of mutually independent plus uninstalling system realization bedded rock true triaxial tests, the anisobaric stress of real simulation coal measures stratiform pressure-bearing rock three-dimensional is more true and reliable compared with ordinary triaxial test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stratiform pressure-bearing rock mechanics and permeability characteristic test field, in particular to a kind of large scale layer
Shape pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds unloading test device and test method.
Background technique
Rich coal resources in China, but complicated hydrogeological conditions, so that geological disaster happens occasionally in coal mining.Its
In, the Water Inrush during seam mining seriously threatens the safety in production of coal mine, strong in particular with mining depth, exploitation
The increase of degree, hydraulic pressure that getting working face bottom plate is born, press increasing, geological tectonic environment becomes increasingly complex, so that bottom
Plate gushing water problem is more universal and prominent.Water Inrush is while causing economic loss and casualties, also to mining area (
Under) water resources and environment causes serious destruction and pollution.Therefore, reinforce Groundwater Resource Management, rationally utilize mine (
Under) water resource, effectively contain the generation of bottom plate water damage, it has also become the hot issue and technology that numerous mines face jointly are difficult
Topic.
Mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer not only has the advantages that production cost is low on pressure-bearing water body, but also can be effectively reduced and provide to mining area water
The pollution and destruction in source and environment meet the theory of science exploitation.But technically difficulty is larger for it, can safety belt press off
It adopts, is critically depend on the water-resisting ability of seat earth water barrier.Due to architectonic effect, exist inside water-resisting floor big
Gage degree, direction and property is all different, criss-cross no-continuous discontinuity (such as joint, crack, tomography and other weaknesses
Face).Biggish disturbance and influence can be generated on the stress state in water barrier during working face extraction, in mining induced stress, hold
It presses under water penetration power and crustal stress coupling, no-continuous discontinuity can be further expanded, be penetrated through until bending in water-resisting floor
Clothes destroy, so that the permeability of water-resisting floor is substantially change, and then forms water inrush channel, induce floor undulation gushing water.Cause
This, will understand the correlativity of deformation, the destruction and permeable sandstone of bearing bottom plate water barrier, must just carry out pressure-bearing rock
The experimental study of mechanical characteristic, failure mechanism and its permeable sandstone rule aspect, this will be helpful to disclose Water Inrush mechanism,
Important theoretical foundation and engineering value are provided for water-bursting predicting and prevention and treatment.
A large number of studies show that the Penetration Signature of water-resisting floor is germinated with rock crack, extension, the perforation close phase of process
It closes.Currently, in rock mechanics and rock fracture extension, perforation, failure mechanism and rock seepage liquefaction characteristic
Research achievement abundant is achieved in terms of theoretical, numerical value and experimental study, related rock mainly has sandstone, mud stone, coal
Rock, rock salt, griotte, granite etc..But due to being limited by experimental facilities and test rock sample size, in reflection rock failure mechanism of rock mistake
The key rock sample of single lithology is mostly used in terms of the experimental study of journey and permeable sandstone correlativity.And coal measure strata category
In sedimentary type formations, have the characteristics that typical layer structure, form the physico-mechanical properties difference of each layer rock stratum of seat earth compared with
Greatly, failure mechanism is sufficiently complex.Patent " pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic permeability characteristic test device and method
(201510350657.5) ", pass through ess-strain signal, acoustic emission signal and apparent resistivity in pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
The acquisition and processing of signal obtain stress-strain relation in large scale pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability, acoustie emission event number
Amount, position and pressure-bearing water penetration, which are led, rises caused rock change in apparent resistivity rule, obtains the lower rock failure mechanism of rock of water-force coupling action
The dynamic evolution rule and its corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature of crack propagation, perforation and unstability in the process, holds in realization
There is important engineering value in terms of pressing water safety mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer.But the experimental rig is a kind of normal triaxial pressure-bearing rock examination
Loading device is tested, confining pressure is annular hydraulic loading method, and it is one that the stress state around cylindrical rock sample is completely the same
The ideal symmetric State of kind, not can truly reflect seat earth rock stratum on artesian water and is in the anisobaric stress shape of three-dimensional
State can not simulate the true triaxial stress state of pressure-bearing rock, can not study intermediate principal stress, the anisotropy of bedded rock
To the affecting laws of its Penetration Signature.Therefore, there is an urgent need to construct completely new experimental rig and test method to carry out true triaxial in a deep going way
The research work of condition Layered pressure-bearing failure mechanism of rock and Penetration Signature related fields illustrates three-dimensional anisobaric condition lower layer
Shape rock water-couple of force fastening deformation destructive process and permeable sandstone rule relationship, mentions to predict and preventing and treating coal seam bottom water bursting
For important theory and experimental basis, the safe mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer in coal seam on artesian water is realized.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rocks
Stone true triaxial adds unloading test device and test method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds unloading test device, is stored by confining pressure loading module, sample
And water outlet module, artesian water loading module, load loading module and signal acquiring and processing system composition, confining pressure loading module by
Two sets of mutually indepedent, orthogonal horizontal plus uninstalling systems are constituted, can be in two mutually orthogonal directions to being wrapped up
Sample storage and water outlet module carry out horizontal direction on load loading and unloading, artesian water loading module be located at sample store
And water outlet module bottom, the loading and unloading of artesian water is carried out to bedded rock bottom, load loading module is located at sample storage
And at the top of water outlet module, to the loading and unloading for carrying out load in vertical direction at the top of bedded rock, Signal acquiring and processing system
System carries out the acquisition and analysis of signal in the entire experiment process；
Wherein, confining pressure loading module is by round confining pressure cylinder, square rubber cylinder, round end cap, round end cap sealing ring, interior six
Angle screw, rectangular lower sealing ring, rectangular limited location snap ring, limited location snap ring screw, rectangular upper sealing ring, quad seal positioning pressure metal plate,
Press metal plate fixing screws, hydraulic control system, the first hydraulic oil pipe, the first hydraulic valve, the first stable-pressure device, the first triple valve,
First left hydraulic cylinder, the first left piston bar, the first left bulb, the first left cushion block, the first left pressing plate, the first left dislocation sensing
Device, the first left load transducer, the first right hydraulic cylinder, the first right piston bar, the first right bulb, the first right cushion block, first right side
Pressing plate, the first right displacement sensor, the first right load transducer, the second hydraulic oil pipe, the second hydraulic valve, the second pressure stabilizing dress
It sets, the second triple valve, bulb, the second front pods, the second front pressuring plate, before hydraulic cylinder, the second secondary piston bar, second before second
Before two before displacement sensor, second after load transducer, second after hydraulic cylinder, second after piston rod, second after bulb, second
Load transducer after displacement sensor, second after cushion block, the second rear fender, second, first exhaust valve group at；The square rubber
Cylinder constitutes square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber with the round confining pressure cylinder, utilizes rectangular lower sealing ring, rectangular limited location snap ring, limited location snap ring
Screw, rectangular upper sealing ring, quad seal positioning pressure metal plate, pressure metal plate fixing screws are sealed place to square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber
Reason；The round end cap matches with round confining pressure cylinder, and utilizes round end cap, round end cap sealing ring, soket head cap screw pair
Round confining pressure cylinder is sealed；The first left hydraulic cylinder is arranged symmetrically with the first right hydraulic cylinder about round confining pressure cylinder,
It constitutes first set level and adds uninstalling system；Described first left piston bar one end is built in the described first left hydraulic cylinder, first
Right piston bar one end is built in the described first right hydraulic cylinder, the other end of the first left piston bar and the first right piston bar
The round confining pressure cylinder side wall is both passed through, passes through the described first left bulb, the first left cushion block in the intracavitary first left piston bar of confining pressure
It is connected with first left pressing plate, the first right piston bar passes through the described first right bulb, the first right cushion block and the described first right pressure
Plate is connected；First left position displacement sensor and the first right displacement sensor are arranged in the first left hydraulic cylinder and first right side
On hydraulic cylinder, the first left load transducer and the first right load transducer are arranged in the first left piston bar and first
On right piston bar, acquisition first set level adds the displacement and load of uninstalling system；Liquid after hydraulic cylinder and second before described second
Compressing cylinder is arranged symmetrically about round confining pressure cylinder, constitutes second set of horizontal plus uninstalling system, and second set of horizontal plus uninstalling system
Uninstalling system is added to be mutually perpendicular in the same plane with first set level, it is symmetrical about round confining pressure cylinder；Described second
Hydraulic oil in hydraulic cylinder, after piston rod one end is built in described second after second before secondary piston bar one end is built in described second
In cylinder, the other end of piston rod both passes through the round confining pressure cylinder side wall after the second secondary piston bar and second, in confining pressure chamber
Interior second secondary piston bar is connected by bulb, the second front pods before described second with second front pressuring plate, piston rod after second
It is connected by cushion block after bulb, second after described second with second rear fender；Displacement sensor and second before described second
Before displacement sensor is arranged in second afterwards after hydraulic cylinder and second on hydraulic cylinder, before described second load transducer with
Load transducer is arranged in after the second secondary piston bar and second on piston rod after second, acquires that second set horizontal plus unloading is
The displacement and load of system；First hydraulic oil pipe one end passes sequentially through the first hydraulic valve, the first stable-pressure device, the first threeway
After valve, it is connected respectively with the described first left hydraulic cylinder with the first right hydraulic cylinder, the other end and the hydraulic control system phase
Even, control first set level adds uninstalling system；Second hydraulic oil pipe one end passes sequentially through the second hydraulic valve, the second pressure stabilizing
After device, the second triple valve, it is connected respectively with hydraulic cylinder before described second with hydraulic cylinder after second, the other end and the liquid
Pressure control system is connected, and controls second set of horizontal plus uninstalling system；The hydraulic control system passes through first hydraulic oil pipe
Protruding into and stretching out for first left piston bar described in synchronously control and the first right piston bar, realizes that first set level adds uninstalling system pair
The horizontal addload of square rubber cylinder inner lamination pressure-bearing rock and unloading；The hydraulic control system passes through second hydraulic oil pipe
Piston rod is protruded into and is stretched out after second secondary piston bar and second described in synchronously control, realizes that second set horizontal adds uninstalling system pair
The horizontal addload of square rubber cylinder inner lamination pressure-bearing rock and unloading, and the first set level of hydraulic control system control adds
Uninstalling system and second set of level plus uninstalling system are mutually indepedent, can be realized in two mutually perpendicular directions of stratiform pressure-bearing rock
The loading and unloading of anisobaric lateral load；The first row air valve is connect with the intracavitary portion of the confining pressure, in confining pressure loading procedure,
The intracavitary survival gas of confining pressure is discharged by first row air valve, keeps the intracavitary air pressure balance of confining pressure；
Sample storage and water outlet module are by square coupons storage chamber, square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb, backup rolls, rectangular pressure
Head, square seal ring, outlet pipe, flow sensor, hopper composition；The large scale bedded rock sample processed is placed on
In square coupons storage chamber, the bottom of square coupons storage chamber is equipped with square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb, square coupons storage chamber
Top be square ram；The square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel, which is combed, is placed on the square boss shoulder in round confining pressure cylinder bottom portion
On, size matches with square boss shoulder, rising height；The square ram is integral with the backup rolls, pressure-bearing
Axis, which passes through round end cap, to be goed deep into square coupons storage chamber, and is pushed down at the top of bedded rock sample by square ram, rock electricity
Liquid servo pressure testing machine transmits load by backup rolls and bedded rock sample is carried out plus unloaded, square ram and square coupons
Radial clearance between storage chamber is sealed processing using square seal ring；
Artesian water loading module is by square pressure-bearing water holding tank, high-pressure water pipe, High-pressure watermeter, pressure-bearing stable-pressure device, water filling
Valve, plunger metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump, water tank, third triple valve, draining pressure-relief valve, second exhaust valve group at；The square pressure-bearing
Artesian water in water holding tank acts on the examination of the bedded rock in square coupons storage chamber by square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb
Sample bottom applies certain pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure to it；It is connect inside described high-pressure water pipe one end and the square pressure-bearing water holding tank,
High-pressure watermeter, pressure-bearing stable-pressure device, water injection valve, plunger metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump, water tank are disposed on pipeline；The pressure-bearing
Between stable-pressure device and the water injection valve, the draining pressure-relief valve is connected by third triple valve, and connect with the water tank, led to
Cross draining pressure-relief valve discharge square pressure-bearing water holding tank in high-pressure water body to unload artesian water；The second row air valve and the side
It connects inside shape artesian water holding tank, in artesian water loading procedure, is discharged in square pressure-bearing water holding tank by second row air valve
Survival gas；
Load loading module is made of rock hydraulic-servo-load with control system, including YAW type rock electro-hydraulic servo pressure
Force tester loads the PC machine acquired with control and stress-strain data with processing with PowerTestV3.3；
Signal acquiring and processing system by strain data acquisition with processing system, acoustic emission signal acquisition with processing system,
Apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system three parts composition；Strain data acquisition includes resistance strain gage, the with processing system
One elastic rubber ring, LB-IV type multi-channel digital deformeter, has stress-strain data acquisition and handles data transmission wires
PC machine；Resistance strain gage utilizes the resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface phase of data transmission wires and experimental rig upper side
Even, and by corresponding conducting wire converting interface it is connected to strain data acquisition and processing system, so that it is broken to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock
Ess-strain Evolution in bad Instability；Acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system include pressure-resistant sound emission receiving transducer,
Probe resistance to compression shield, the second elastic rubber ring, signal transmission wire, DS5-16B type full information acoustic emission signal analysis instrument, sound
Emit the PC machine of Signal acquiring and processing；Sound emission receiving transducer utilizes the sound of signal transmission wire and experimental rig upper side
Transmitting probe conducting wire converting interface is connected, and is connected to acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system by corresponding conducting wire converting interface,
To obtain acoustie emission event quantity, position in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability, determine that the stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock is lost
The Evolution of steady process；Apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system includes copper plate electrode, electrode resistance to compression shield, third bullet
Property rubber ring, copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire, WBD type electrical method of network concurrency instrument, surfer or illustrator software auxiliary
The PC machine of drawing, copper plate electrode are turned using copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire and the copper plate electrode conducting wire of experimental rig upper side
Interface is connected, and is connected to apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system by corresponding conducting wire converting interface, to obtain stratiform
Apparent resistivity signal in pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability determines that permeable sandstone is advised in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
Rule.
Further, the experimental rig, in addition to the auxiliary accessories such as hydraulic oil pipe, high-pressure water pipe, outlet pipe, sealing ring,
It is process by No. 45 steel casting with certain stiffness and strength, and its inner and outer surface layers is coated with certain thickness polytetrafluoro
Ethylene insulating layer.
Further, it is square plate shape that the square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel, which is combed, is equipped with the identical circular through hole of multiple rows of spacing；
The square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb upper surface is equipped with a plurality of cruciate groove, the identical circular through hole phase with multiple rows of spacing
Intercommunicated, the cruciate groove width is identical as circular through hole diameter.
Further, the square ram is square plate shape, and apopore, water outlet are equipped in the middle part of the square ram and backup rolls
Hole is successively connect with flow sensor, hopper by outlet pipe；The square ram lower surface is equipped with centered on apopore
Cross water guide groove and square shape water guide groove, and cross water guide groove and square shape water guide groove are interconnected.
A kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic Penetration Signature test side using above-mentioned apparatus
Method and large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial add unloading test device, by answering in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
The acquisition and processing of stress-strain signal, acoustic emission signal and apparent resistivity signal obtain the mistake of the large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock
Stress-strain relation, acoustie emission event quantity, position and pressure-bearing water penetration during steady, which are led, rises caused rock apparent resistivity
Changing rule obtains the dynamic evolution rule of crack propagation, perforation and unstability during water-force coupling action Layered rock failure mechanism of rock
Rule and its corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature.
Further, the method specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: prepared by bedded rock sample: having been cut from the seat earth rock stratum above coal mine Deep Confined water-bearing layer
The rock of the whole preferable different lithology of property, processing is cut into 100 × 100 mm of side length or 200 × 200 mm, thickness in laboratory
The square plate shape rock stratum of 10 mm or 20 mm or 30 mm or 40 mm or 50 mm are spent, wherein thickness is less than the half of side length, by two layers
Or the identical or different square plate shape rock stratum of multilayer lithology is combined into the required large scale bedded rock sample of test, the big ruler
Being adhesively fixed between layers by smearing Instant cement for very little bedded rock sample is integral；
Step 2: fixed resistance foil gauge: side arrangement, fixed resistance foil gauge in bedded rock sample, radial direction
With axial each one, resistance strain gage and the contact position of bedded rock sample smear Instant cement guarantee to contact it is good, and
Using the first elastic rubber ring fixed resistance foil gauge, to prevent resistance strain gage sliding, the resistance in test loading procedure
Foil gauge is connected using data transmission wires with the resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and by corresponding
Conducting wire converting interface be connected to strain data acquisition and processing system, acquire strain variation data, to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock
Ess-strain Evolution in stone Failure Instability；
Step 3: fixed sound emission receiving transducer: in the side arrangement pressure resistance sound emission receiving transducer of bedded rock sample,
In the contact position daubing coupling agent of sound emission receiving transducer and bedded rock sample, guarantee the good of contact, it is anti-using probe
Pressure shield covers on sound emission receiving transducer, and using the fixed resistance to compression shield of the second elastic rubber ring, to avoid sound emission
Probe is influenced by bedded rock sample high confining pressure, while preventing acoustic emission probe sliding in test loading procedure, and can be real
The three-dimensional spatial distribution of existing sound emission receiving transducer；Sound emission receiving transducer utilizes signal transmission wire and experimental rig upper side
The acoustic emission probe conducting wire converting interface in face is connected, and is connected to acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing by corresponding conducting wire converting interface
System determines that stratiform pressure-bearing rock is broken to obtain acoustie emission event quantity, position in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
The Evolution of bad Instability；
Step 4: fixed network parallel circuit copper plate electrode: being drilled out centainly with hand-held drill in bedded rock sample side
The aperture of number, a fixed spacing and depth, bury, fixed network parallel circuit copper plate electrode, using conducting resinl sealed aperture with
Guarantee that copper plate electrode and bedded rock sample coupling contact are good, covered on copper plate electrode using electrode resistance to compression shield, and benefit
With third elastic rubber ring fixed blade guard, to avoid the rubber tube of copper plate electrode damage confining pressure chamber, while preventing test from loading
Copper plate electrode slides in the process, and is able to achieve the three-dimensional spatial distribution of network parallel circuit copper plate electrode.Network parallel circuit copper
Plate electrode is connected using copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire with the copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and is led to
It crosses corresponding conducting wire converting interface and is connected to apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system, to obtain the mistake of the stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock
Apparent resistivity signal during steady determines permeable sandstone rule in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability；
Step 5: applying stratiform rock sample confining pressure and pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure: bedded rock sample being placed on square coupons and is deposited
It puts intracavitary, is pushed down at the top of bedded rock sample using rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine by the square ram on backup rolls,
Radial clearance between square ram and square coupons storage chamber is sealed using square seal ring, and round confining pressure cylinder utilizes circle
Shape end cap is sealed；Bedded rock sample is applied using two sets in confining pressure loading module mutually independent horizontal plus uninstalling systems
Add horizontal lateral load equal or unequal in two mutually perpendicular directions, and is held using artesian water loading module by rectangular
Pressure porous permeable steel comb applies certain pressure stabilizing artesian water in bedded rock sample bottom；
Step 6: the load of bedded rock sample and signal acquisition: starting strain acquisition system, acoustic emission signal acquisition system
System, apparent resistivity signal acquiring system start the pressure-loaded and control system pair of YAW type rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine
Bedded rock sample carries out loading and unloading, and the stress in Simultaneous Monitoring, acquisition stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability is answered
Change, sound emission and apparent resistivity signal；
Step 7: the post-processing of acquisition signal: utilizing ess-strain processing system, Acoustic emission signal processing system, view electricity
Ess-strain signal, acoustic emission signal and view of the resistance rate signal processing system to Simultaneous Monitoring during loading and unloading and acquisition
Resistivity signal is identified and is handled, and ess-strain Evolution, the sound in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability are obtained
It is regular to emit event number, rupture location and change in apparent resistivity, during acquisition water-force coupling action Layered rock failure mechanism of rock
The dynamic evolution rule of crack propagation, perforation and unstability and its corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature；
Step 8: repeat above-mentioned test procedure, using large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial add unloading test device into
The different confining pressures of row, different hydraulic pressure, different loads effect Layered rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and the test of dynamic Penetration Signature are ground
Study carefully, obtain different confining pressures, different hydraulic pressure, different loads true triaxial add unloading test condition Layered pressure-bearing rock fracture to expand
Exhibition, perforation are up to ess-strain Evolution, acoustie emission event quantity, rupture location and the apparent resistivity in Failure Instability
Changing rule, comparative analysis confining pressure, hydraulic pressure, load and intermediate principal stress permeate bedded rock Failure Instability and dynamic special
The affecting laws of property.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the benefit that
Apparatus of the present invention 1, the replacement of square rubber cylinder is simple, and load transmission is uniform；2, it is equipped with resistance to compression shield, sound is avoided to send out
Penetrate probe by high confining pressure influenced and copper plate electrode damage confining pressure chamber rubber tube；3, exhaust valve is arranged in artesian water holding tank, prevents
Only residual gas pressure break stratiform rock sample, setting draining pressure-relief valve, can carry out the dynamic of bedded rock sample uninstall process
Permeability characteristic test research；4, it is equipped with stable-pressure device, is conducive to the lateral confining pressure of bedded rock sample and bottom artesian water hydraulic pressure
Stablize；5, experimental rig, in addition to the auxiliary accessories such as hydraulic oil pipe, high-pressure water pipe, outlet pipe, by with certain stiffness and strength
The casting of No. 45 steel be process, and its inner and outer surface layers is coated with certain thickness insulating layer (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)), avoids rigidity
The field distribution of experimental rig interference copper plate electrode；6, two sets of mutually independent horizontal plus uninstalling systems are equipped with, can be realized layer
The loading and unloading of anisobaric lateral load in two mutually perpendicular directions of shape pressure-bearing rock studies intermediate principal stress, bedded rock
Affecting laws of the anisotropy of stone to its Penetration Signature；7, square ram lower surface is equipped with cross centered on apopore
Water guide groove and square shape water guide groove are conducive to artesian water to convergence in the middle part of pressure head, are easy to artesian water and are discharged from apopore；8, side
The a plurality of cross-like groove that the setting of shape pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb upper surface is interconnected with circular through hole, is capable of increasing and acts on
The pressure-bearing water area and hydraulic pressure of bedded rock sample bottom are evenly distributed, and test result is more scientific and reasonable；9, four sets plus unloading system
System is mutually indepedent, can the anisobaric stress of real simulation coal measures stratiform pressure-bearing rock three-dimensional, realize the true of bedded rock
Three axis add unloading test.
The present invention is to cause water-resisting floor Mining failure and discontinuous in coal seam high intensity exploitation process on artesian water
While structural plane extension, perforation, destruction, the permeability of water-resisting floor is increased, forms water inrush channel, induces working face bottom
Plate gushing water is to rely on engineering background.Using laboratory experiment to bedded rock water-couple of force close failure mechanism and pressure-bearing Penetration Signature into
Row research, analysis water-force coupling action Layered rock characteristics of deformation and strength, crack propagation perforation and destructive characteristics and holds
Press permeable sandstone rule of the water in crack propagation-perforation-destructive process.Research achievement is to predict and prevent and treat seat earth to dash forward
Water provides important theoretical foundation, has important engineering value in terms of safe mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer on realizing artesian water.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds the left and right (a) of unloading test apparatus structure, front and back (b) section
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is that large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds two sets of unloading test device horizontal lateral confining pressure loading structures
Schematic top plan view；
Fig. 3 is large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock sample bottom square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel grate upper surface (a), lower surface
(b) schematic top plan view of structure；
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of square ram upper surface (a) at the top of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock sample, lower surface (b) structure
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock sample schematic diagram of processing preparation；
Fig. 6 is large scale pressure-bearing rock sample resistance strain gage (a), acoustic emission probe (b) and electrical method of network concurrency copper sheet
Electrode (c) arrangement, fixed and safeguard measure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the lateral confining pressure load of large scale pressure-bearing rock sample or so and front and back, vertical load load and bottom pressure-bearing
Water loads schematic diagram；
Wherein, confining pressure loading module: 1-1, round confining pressure cylinder, 1-2, square rubber cylinder, 1-3, square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber,
1-4, round end cap, 1-5, round end cap sealing ring, 1-6, soket head cap screw, 1-7, rectangular lower sealing ring, 1-8, rectangular limit
Snap ring, 1-9, limited location snap ring screw, 1-10, rectangular upper sealing ring, 1-11, quad seal positioning pressure metal plate, 1-12, the fixed spiral shell of pressure metal plate
Nail, 1-13, hydraulic control system, 1-14, the first hydraulic oil pipe, 1-15, the first hydraulic valve, 1-16, the first stable-pressure device, 1-
17, the first triple valve, 1-18, the first left hydraulic cylinder, 1-19, the first left piston bar, 1-20, the first left bulb, 1-21, first
Left cushion block, 1-22, the first left pressing plate, 1-23, the first left position displacement sensor, 1-24, the first left load transducer, 1-25, first
Right hydraulic cylinder, 1-26, the first right piston bar, 1-27, the first right bulb, 1-28, the first right cushion block, 1-29, the first right pressing plate,
1-30, the first right displacement sensor, 1-31, the first right load transducer, 1-32, the second hydraulic oil pipe, 1-33, the second hydraulic valve
Door, 1-34, the second stable-pressure device, 1-35, the second triple valve, hydraulic cylinder before 1-36, second, 1-37, the second secondary piston bar, 1-
38, bulb before second, 1-39, the second front pods, 1-40, the second front pressuring plate, displacement sensor before 1-41, second, 1-42, second
Preceding load transducer, hydraulic cylinder after 1-43, second, piston rod after 1-44, second, bulb after 1-45, second, 1-46, second
Cushion block afterwards, 1-47, the second rear fender, displacement sensor after 1-48, second, load transducer after 1-49, second, 1-50, first
Exhaust valve composition.
Sample storage and water outlet module: 2-1, bedded rock sample, 2-2, square coupons storage chamber, 2-3, square pressure-bearing are more
The permeable steel grate in hole, 2-3a, circular through hole, 2-3b, cruciate groove, 2-4, square boss shoulder, 2-5, backup rolls are 2-6, rectangular
Pressure head, 2-7, square seal ring, 2-8, water guide groove, 2-8a, cross water guide groove, 2-8b, square shape water guide groove, 2-9,
Apopore, 2-10, outlet pipe, 2-11, flow sensor, 2-12, hopper.
Artesian water loading module: 3-1, square pressure-bearing water holding tank, 3-2, high-pressure water pipe, 3-4,3-3, High-pressure watermeter are held
Press stable-pressure device, 3-5, water injection valve, 3-6, plunger metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump, 3-7, water tank, 3-8, draining pressure-relief valve, 3-9, third
Triple valve, 3-10, second row air valve.
Load loading module: 4-1, rock hydraulic-servo-load and control system, 4-1a, rock electro-hydraulic servo pressure testing
Machine, 4-1b, PC machine (PowerTestV3.3 load and control program and stress-strain data acquisition and processing routine).
Signal acquiring and processing system: 5-1, strain data acquisition and processing system, 5-2, acoustic emission signal acquisition and place
Reason system, 5-3, apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system.Wherein, strain data acquisition and processing system include: 5-1a, electricity
Hinder foil gauge, 5-1b, the first elastic rubber ring, 5-1c, data transmission wires, 5-1d, resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface, 5-
1e, LB-IV type multi-channel digital deformeter (center processor, display and preamplifier AMP), (stress is answered for 5-1f, PC machine
Parameter is according to acquisition and processing routine)；Acoustic emission signal acquisition includes: 5-2a, pressure-resistant sound emission receiving transducer, 5- with processing system
2b, probe resistance to compression shield, 5-2c, the second elastic rubber ring, 5-2d, signal transmission wire, 5-2e, acoustic emission probe conducting wire turn
Interface, 5-2f, DS5-16B type full information acoustic emission signal analysis instrument (built-in signal amplifier), 5-2g, PC machine (sound emission letter
Number acquisition and processing routine)；Apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system includes: 5-3a, copper plate electrode, 5-3b, electrode resistance to compression
Shield, 5-3c, third elastic rubber ring, 5-3d, copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire, 5-3e, copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface,
5-3f, WBD type electrical method of network concurrency instrument (WBDPro resistivity data resolution system), 5-3g, PC machine (surfer or
Illustrator software aided drafting program).
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is described in further detail the present invention program:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds unloading test device, is loaded by confining pressure
Module, sample storage and water outlet module, artesian water loading module, load loading module and signal acquiring and processing system composition,
Confining pressure loading module is mutually indepedent by two sets, orthogonal horizontal plus uninstalling system is constituted, can be orthogonal at two
The loading and unloading of load in horizontal direction is carried out on direction to the sample storage wrapped up and water outlet module, artesian water loads mould
Block is located at sample storage and water outlet module bottom, and the loading and unloading of artesian water is carried out to bedded rock bottom, and load loads mould
Block is located at the top of sample storage and water outlet module, to the loading and unloading for carrying out load in vertical direction at the top of bedded rock, letter
Number acquisition carries out the acquisition and analysis of signal with processing system in the entire experiment process.The experimental rig, except hydraulic oil pipe,
Outside the auxiliary accessories such as high-pressure water pipe, outlet pipe, sealing ring, by No. 45 steel casting processing with certain stiffness and strength
At, and its inner and outer surface layers is coated with certain thickness insulating layer (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)).
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, confining pressure loading module, by round confining pressure cylinder 1-1, square rubber cylinder 1-2, square internally and round externally
Confining pressure chamber 1-3, round end cap 1-4, round end cap sealing ring 1-5, soket head cap screw 1-6, rectangular lower sealing ring 1-7, rectangular limit
Position snap ring 1-8, limited location snap ring screw 1-9, rectangular upper sealing ring 1-10, quad seal positioning pressure metal plate 1-11, pressure metal plate fixing screws
1-12, hydraulic control system 1-13, the first hydraulic oil pipe 1-14, the first hydraulic valve 1-15, the first stable-pressure device 1-16, first
Triple valve 1-17, the first left hydraulic cylinder 1-18, the first left piston bar 1-19, the first left bulb 1-20, the first left cushion block 1-21,
First left pressing plate 1-22, the first left position displacement sensor 1-23, the first left load transducer 1-24, the first right hydraulic cylinder 1-25,
First right piston bar 1-26, the first right bulb 1-27, the first right cushion block 1-28, the first right pressing plate 1-29, the first right displacement sensing
Device 1-30, the first right load transducer 1-31, the second hydraulic oil pipe 1-32, the second hydraulic valve 1-33, the second stable-pressure device 1-
34, bulb 1-38, the second foremast before hydraulic cylinder 1-36, the second secondary piston bar 1-37, second before the second triple valve 1-35, second
Hydraulic oil after load transducer 1-42, second before displacement sensor 1-41, second before block 1-39, the second front pressuring plate 1-40, second
Position after cushion block 1-46, the second rear fender 1-47, second after bulb 1-45, second after piston rod 1-44, second after cylinder 1-43, second
Load transducer 1-49, first row air valve 1-50 are formed after displacement sensor 1-48, second；The square rubber cylinder 1-2 with it is described
Round confining pressure cylinder 1-1 is coaxial and is located in round confining pressure cylinder 1-1, the gap structure between square rubber cylinder 1-2 and round confining pressure cylinder 1-1
At square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber 1-3；The round end cap 1-4 matches with circle confining pressure cylinder 1-1, and utilization round end cap 1-4,
Round end cap sealing ring 1-5, soket head cap screw 1-6 are sealed round confining pressure cylinder 1-1, in round confining pressure cylinder 1-1, utilize side
Shape lower sealing ring 1-7, rectangular limited location snap ring 1-8, limited location snap ring screw 1-9, rectangular upper sealing ring 1-10, quad seal positioning pressure
Metal plate 1-11, pressure metal plate fixing screws 1-12 are sealed processing to square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber 1-3.The first left hydraulic cylinder 1-
18 are arranged symmetrically with the first right hydraulic cylinder 1-25 about round confining pressure cylinder 1-1, constitute first set level and add uninstalling system；It is described
First one end left piston bar 1-19 is built in the described first left hydraulic cylinder 1-18, first one end right piston bar 1-26 is built in
In the first right hydraulic cylinder 1-25, the other end of the first left piston bar 1-19 and the first right piston bar 1-26 are both passed through
The circle confining pressure cylinder 1-1 side wall, the first left piston bar 1-19 passes through the described first left bulb 1-20, the in confining pressure chamber 1-3
One left cushion block 1-21 is connected with the first left pressing plate 1-22, the first right piston bar 1-26 by the described first right bulb 1-27,
First right cushion block 1-28 is connected with the first right pressing plate 1-29；The right displacement of first left position displacement sensor 1-23 and first passes
Sensor 1-30 is arranged on the first left right hydraulic cylinder 1-25 of hydraulic cylinder 1-18 and first, the first left load sensing
The right load transducer 1-31 of device 1-24 and first is arranged on the first left piston bar 1-19 and the first right piston bar 1-26, is adopted
Collection first set level adds the displacement and load of uninstalling system；Hydraulic cylinder 1-43 after hydraulic cylinder 1-36 and second before described second
It is arranged symmetrically about round confining pressure cylinder 1-1, constitutes second set horizontal plus uninstalling system, and second set level adds uninstalling system and the
A set of horizontal plus uninstalling system is mutually perpendicular in the same plane, symmetrical about round confining pressure cylinder 1-1；Before described second
The one end piston rod 1-44 is built in described the in hydraulic cylinder 1-36, after second before the one end piston rod 1-37 is built in described second
After two in hydraulic cylinder 1-43, the other end of piston rod 1-44 both passes through the circle after the second secondary piston bar 1-37 and second
Shape confining pressure cylinder 1-1 side wall, bulb 1-38, the second foremast before the second secondary piston bar 1-37 passes through described second in confining pressure chamber 1-3
Block 1-39 is connected with the second front pressuring plate 1-40, after piston rod 1-44 passes through described second after second after bulb 1-45, second
Cushion block 1-46 is connected with the second rear fender 1-47；Displacement sensor 1- after displacement sensor 1-41 and second before described second
48 be arranged in second before after hydraulic cylinder 1-36 and second on hydraulic cylinder 1-43, load transducer 1-42 before described second
Load transducer 1-49 is arranged in acquisition second after the second secondary piston bar 1-37 and second on piston rod 1-44 after with second
The horizontal displacement and load for adding uninstalling system of set；Described one end first hydraulic oil pipe 1-14 passes sequentially through the first hydraulic valve 1-
15, right hydraulic with first with the described first left hydraulic cylinder 1-18 respectively after the first stable-pressure device 1-16, the first triple valve 1-17
Oil cylinder 1-25 is connected, and the other end is connected with the hydraulic control system 1-13, and control first set level adds uninstalling system；Described
After two one end hydraulic oil pipe 1-32 pass sequentially through the second hydraulic valve 1-33, the second stable-pressure device 1-34, the second triple valve 1-35,
It is connected respectively with hydraulic cylinder 1-36 before described second with hydraulic cylinder 1-43 after second, the other end and the hydraulic control system
1-13 is connected, and controls second set of horizontal plus uninstalling system；The hydraulic control system 1-13 passes through the first hydraulic oil pipe 1-
First left piston bar 1-19 described in 14 synchronously controls and the first right piston bar 1-26's protrudes into and stretches out, and realizes that first set level adds
The horizontal addload of uninstalling system square shaped rubber tube inner lamination pressure-bearing rock and unloading；The hydraulic control system 1-13 passes through institute
Protruding into and stretching out for piston rod 1-44 after the second secondary piston bar 1-37 and second described in the second hydraulic oil pipe 1-32 synchronously control is stated,
Realize second set of horizontal plus uninstalling system square shaped rubber tube inner lamination pressure-bearing rock horizontal addload and unloading, and described hydraulic
The first set level that control system 1-13 is controlled adds uninstalling system to add uninstalling system mutually indepedent with second set of level, Neng Goushi
The loading and unloading of anisobaric lateral load in existing two mutually perpendicular directions of stratiform pressure-bearing rock；The first row air valve 1-50
It is connected to inside the top of round confining pressure cylinder 1-1 side wall and the square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber 1-3, in confining pressure loading procedure, leads to
Survival gas in first row air valve 1-50 discharge confining pressure chamber 1-3 is crossed, the intracavitary air pressure balance of confining pressure is kept, to improve the reliable of test
Property.
As shown in Figure 1, sample storage and water outlet module, by the square coupons storage chamber 2- of storage bedded rock sample 2-1
2, square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb 2-3, circular through hole 2-3a, cruciate groove 2-3b, square boss shoulder 2-4, backup rolls
2-5, square ram 2-6, square seal ring 2-7, water guide groove 2-8, cross water guide groove 2-8a, square shape water guide groove 2-
8b, apopore 2-9, outlet pipe 2-10, flow sensor 2-11, hopper 2-12 composition.The large scale bedded rock that will be processed
Stone sample 2-1 is placed in square coupons storage chamber 2-2, and it is porous that the bottom of square coupons storage chamber 2-2 is equipped with square pressure-bearing
Water steel comb 2-3, square coupons storage chamber 2-2 top be square ram；The square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb 2-3 is placed on
On the square boss shoulder 2-4 of the round bottom confining pressure cylinder 1-1, size and the rising height of square boss shoulder 2-4 match；
The square ram 2-6 is integral with the backup rolls 2-5, and backup rolls 2-5 gos deep into square coupons across round end cap 1-4 and deposits
It puts in chamber 2-2, and is pushed down at the top of bedded rock sample by square ram 2-6, the rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine is logical
4-1a crosses backup rolls 2-5 transmitting load and bedded rock sample 2-1 is carried out plus unloaded, and square ram 2-6 and square coupons are stored
Radial clearance between chamber 2-2 is sealed processing using square seal ring 2-7.As shown in figure 3, the square pressure-bearing is porous
Water steel comb 2-3 is square plate shape, is made by high-intensitive, high rigidity metal material processing, and the identical circle of multiple rows of spacing is equipped with
Through-hole 2-3a；The square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel upper surface comb 2-3 is equipped with a plurality of cruciate groove 2-3b, with circular through hole
2-3a is interconnected, and the cruciate groove 2-3b width is identical as the logical 2-3a bore dia of circle.The square pressure-bearing is porous
The a plurality of cruciate groove 2-3b that the setting of the water steel upper surface comb 2-3 is interconnected with circular through hole, had both guaranteed that square pressure-bearing was porous
Rigidity, the intensity of permeable steel comb 2-3 matches with the rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine 4-1a, and to hold by rectangular
The pressure-bearing water area that pressure porous permeable steel comb 2-3 acts on the bottom bedded rock sample 2-1 increases and hydraulic pressure is evenly distributed, and permeates
Test result more meets practical, more scientific and reasonable.As shown in figure 4, the square ram 2-6 is square plate shape, by high-intensitive, Gao Gang
Degree metal material processing is made；Apopore 2-9, apopore 2-9 are equipped in the middle part of the square ram 2-6 and backup rolls 2-5
It is successively connect with flow sensor 2-11, hopper 2-12 by outlet pipe 2-10；The lower surface the square ram 2-6 be equipped with
Cross water guide groove 2-8a and square shape water guide groove 2-8b centered on apopore 2-9, and water guide groove is interconnected, institute
Cross water guide groove 2-8a and square shape water guide groove 2-8b energy water conservancy diversion in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability is stated to hold
Water is pressed, is conducive to artesian water at the top of bedded rock sample and is easy to artesian water to convergence in the middle part of square ram and is discharged from apopore.
Artesian water loading module, by square pressure-bearing water holding tank 3-1, high-pressure water pipe 3-2, High-pressure watermeter 3-3, pressure-bearing pressure stabilizing
Device 3-4, water injection valve 3-5, plunger metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump 3-6, water tank 3-7, draining pressure-relief valve 3-8, third triple valve 3-9,
Second row air valve 3-10 composition.Artesian water in the square pressure-bearing water holding tank 3-1 is combed by square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel
2-3 acts on the bedded rock sample bottom in square coupons storage chamber, applies certain pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure to it.The high pressure water
It is connect inside the one end pipe 3-2 and the square pressure-bearing water holding tank 3-1, High-pressure watermeter 3-3, pressure-bearing pressure stabilizing is set gradually on pipeline
Device 3-4, water injection valve 3-5, plunger metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump 3-6, water tank 3-7；The pressure-bearing stable-pressure device 3-4 and the water filling
Between valve 3-5, by the third triple valve 3-9 connection draining pressure-relief valve 3-8, and it is connect with the water tank 3-7, passes through draining
High-pressure water body can unload artesian water in pressure-relief valve 3-8 discharge square pressure-bearing water holding tank 3-1；The second row air valve 3-10 with
It is connected inside the square pressure-bearing water holding tank 3-1, in artesian water loading procedure, rectangular hold is discharged by second row air valve 3-10
Survival gas in water holding tank 3-1 is pressed, the influence that survival gas loads artesian water in square pressure-bearing water holding tank is avoided, to mention
The reliability of height test.
Load loading module is tried by rock hydraulic-servo-load and control system 4-1, YAW type rock electro-hydraulic servo pressure
Test machine 4-1a, PC machine 4-1b(PowerTestV3.3 load and control program and stress-strain data acquisition and processing routine) etc.
Composition.
Signal acquiring and processing system, by strain data acquisition and processing system 5-1, acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system
Unite 5-2, apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system 5-3 three parts composition.The strain data acquisition and processing system 5-1 packet
Include resistance strain gage 5-1a, the first elastic rubber ring 5-1b, data transmission wires 5-1c, resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface 5-
1d, LB-IV type multi-channel digital deformeter 5-1e(center processor, display and preamplifier AMP), PC machine 5-1f(answers
Stress-strain data acquisition and procession program)；The resistance strain gage 5-1a is using on data transmission wires 5-1c and experimental rig
The resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface 5-1d of portion side is connected, and is connected to strain data acquisition by corresponding conducting wire converting interface
With processing system 5-1, to obtain ess-strain Evolution in pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability.The acoustic emission signal is adopted
Collection includes pressure-resistant sound emission receiving transducer 5-2a, probe resistance to compression shield 5-2b, the second elastic rubber ring 5- with processing system 5-2
2c, signal transmission wire 5-2d, acoustic emission probe conducting wire converting interface 5-2e, DS5-16B type full information acoustic emission signal analysis instrument
5-2f(built-in signal amplifier), PC machine 5-2g(acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing routine) etc.；The sound emission receiving transducer
5-2a is connected using signal transmission wire 5-2d with the acoustic emission probe conducting wire converting interface 5-2e of experimental rig upper side, and is led to
It crosses corresponding conducting wire converting interface and is connected to acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system 5-2, to obtain pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock unstability
Acoustie emission event quantity, position in the process determine the Evolution of pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability.The apparent resistivity signal
Acquisition and processing system 5-3 include copper plate electrode 5-3a, electrode resistance to compression shield 5-3b, third elastic rubber ring 5-3c, copper
Enamel-cover signal transmission wire 5-3d, copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface 5-3e, WBD type electrical method of network concurrency instrument 5-3f(WBDPro electricity
Resistance rate data analyzing system), PC machine 5-3g(surfer or illustrator software aided drafting program) etc.；The copper sheet electricity
Pole 5-3a utilizes the copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface 5-3e of copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire 5-3d and experimental rig upper side
It is connected, and the apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system 5-3 is connected to by corresponding conducting wire converting interface, to is held
The apparent resistivity signal in rock failure mechanism of rock Instability is pressed, determines permeable sandstone rule in pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability.
Meanwhile in order to avoid the field distribution of rigidity experimental rig interference network parallel circuit copper plate electrode, in entire experimental rig
Extexine is coated with certain thickness insulating layer (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)).
Apparatus of the present invention: 1, the replacement of square rubber cylinder is simple, and load transmission is uniform；2, it is equipped with resistance to compression shield, avoids sound
Transmitting probe is influenced by high confining pressure and copper plate electrode damages confining pressure chamber rubber tube；3, exhaust valve is arranged in artesian water holding tank,
Residual gas pressure break stratiform rock sample is prevented, setting draining pressure-relief valve can carry out the dynamic of bedded rock sample uninstall process
The research of state permeability characteristic test；4, it is equipped with stable-pressure device, is conducive to the lateral confining pressure of bedded rock sample and bottom artesian water hydraulic pressure
Stabilization；5, experimental rig, in addition to the auxiliary accessories such as hydraulic oil pipe, high-pressure water pipe, outlet pipe, by with certain rigidity and by force
No. 45 steel casting of degree is process, and its inner and outer surface layers is coated with certain thickness insulating layer (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)), avoids steel
Property experimental rig interference copper plate electrode field distribution；6, two sets of mutually independent horizontal plus uninstalling systems are equipped with, can be realized
The loading and unloading of anisobaric lateral load in two mutually perpendicular directions of stratiform pressure-bearing rock studies intermediate principal stress, stratiform
Affecting laws of the anisotropy of rock to its Penetration Signature；7, square ram lower surface is equipped with the cross centered on apopore
Type water guide groove and square shape water guide groove are conducive to artesian water to convergence in the middle part of pressure head, are easy to artesian water and are discharged from apopore；8,
The a plurality of cross-like groove that the setting of square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb upper surface is interconnected with circular through hole, is capable of increasing effect
Pressure-bearing water area and hydraulic pressure in bedded rock sample bottom are evenly distributed, and test result is more scientific and reasonable；9, four sets plus unloading
System is mutually indepedent, can the anisobaric stress of real simulation coal measures stratiform pressure-bearing rock three-dimensional, realize bedded rock
True triaxial adds unloading test.
A kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic Penetration Signature test method, utilize large scale layer
Shape pressure-bearing rock true triaxial adds unloading test device, passes through ess-strain signal, sound in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
The acquisition and processing for emitting signal and apparent resistivity signal, obtain the stress in large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
Strain stress relation, acoustie emission event quantity, position and pressure-bearing water penetration, which are led, rises caused rock change in apparent resistivity rule, obtains
Crack propagation during water-force coupling action Layered rock failure mechanism of rock, the dynamic evolution rule of perforation and unstability and its phase therewith
Corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature.
Method as described above, concrete operation step are as follows:
Step 1, prepared by bedded rock sample.It is complete from the seat earth rock stratum cutting above coal mine Deep Confined water-bearing layer
Property preferable different lithology rock (such as limestone, shale, mud stone, sandstone), processing is cut into side length 100 in laboratory
The square plate shape rock stratum of × 100 mm or 200 × 200 mm, thickness 10 mm or 20 mm or 30 mm or 40 mm or 50 mm, wherein
Thickness is less than the half of side length, is combined by the identical or different square plate shape rock stratum of two or more layers lithology big required by test
Size stratiform rock sample, and being adhesively fixed by smearing Instant cement between layers in large scale bedded rock sample
It is integral, as shown in Figure 5.
Step 2, fixed resistance foil gauge.Side arrangement, fixed resistance foil gauge in bedded rock sample, it is radial and
Axial each one, as shown in Figure 6 (a), Instant cement guarantee is smeared in the contact position of resistance strain gage and bedded rock sample and is connect
That touches is good, and utilizes the first elastic rubber ring fixed resistance foil gauge, to prevent resistance strain gage in test loading procedure sliding
It is dynamic.Resistance strain gage is connected using data transmission wires with the resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and
It is connected to strain data acquisition and processing system by corresponding conducting wire converting interface, to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock unstability
Ess-strain Evolution in the process.
Step 3, fixed sound emission receiving transducer.In the side arrangement pressure resistance sound emission receiving transducer of bedded rock sample,
As shown in Figure 6 (b), it is connect in sound emission receiving transducer and contact position daubing coupling agent (VC101) guarantee of bedded rock sample
That touches is good, is covered on sound emission receiving transducer using probe resistance to compression shield, and utilizes the fixed resistance to compression of the second elastic rubber ring
Shield is influenced to avoid acoustic emission probe by bedded rock sample high confining pressure, while preventing sound in test loading procedure
Transmitting probe sliding, and it is able to achieve the three-dimensional spatial distribution of sound emission receiving transducer.Sound emission receiving transducer is transmitted using signal
Conducting wire is connected with the acoustic emission probe conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and is connected to by corresponding conducting wire converting interface
Acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system, to obtain acoustie emission event quantity, position in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
It sets, determines the Evolution of stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability.
Step 4, fixed network parallel circuit copper plate electrode.Certain number is drilled out in bedded rock sample side with hand-held drill
The aperture of mesh, a fixed spacing and depth, embedded, fixed network parallel circuit copper plate electrode utilize conducting resinl as shown in Figure 6 (c)
(DDG-A high-efficient electrical contacts conductive paste) sealed aperture is good to guarantee copper plate electrode and bedded rock sample coupling contact, utilizes
Electrode resistance to compression shield covers on copper plate electrode, and utilizes third elastic rubber ring fixed blade guard, to avoid copper plate electrode damage
Hurt the rubber tube of confining pressure chamber, while preventing copper plate electrode sliding in test loading procedure, and be able to achieve network parallel circuit copper sheet
The three-dimensional spatial distribution of electrode.Network parallel circuit copper plate electrode utilizes copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire and experimental rig top
The copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface of side is connected, and is connected to apparent resistivity signal acquisition and place by corresponding conducting wire converting interface
Reason system determines that the stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock is lost to obtain apparent resistivity signal in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
Permeable sandstone rule during steady.
Step 5, apply rock sample confining pressure and pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure.Bedded rock sample is placed on square coupons storage chamber
It is interior, it is pushed down at the top of bedded rock sample using rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine by the square ram on backup rolls, it is rectangular
Radial clearance between pressure head and square coupons storage chamber is sealed using square seal ring, and round confining pressure cylinder utilizes round nose
Lid is sealed.Two are applied to bedded rock sample using two sets in confining pressure loading module mutually independent horizontal plus uninstalling systems
Equal or unequal lateral load in a mutually perpendicular direction, and it is porous by square pressure-bearing using artesian water loading module
Water steel comb applies certain pressure stabilizing artesian water in bedded rock sample bottom, as shown in Figure 7.
Step 6, rock sample load and signal acquisition.Start strain acquisition system, acoustic emission signal acquisition system, view electricity
Resistance rate signal acquiring system, the pressure-loaded and control system for starting YAW type rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine are to bedded rock
Stone sample carries out loading and unloading, and Simultaneous Monitoring, the ess-strain in acquisition stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability, sound hair
It penetrates and apparent resistivity signal.
Step 7, the post-processing of signal is acquired.Utilize ess-strain processing system, Acoustic emission signal processing system, apparent resistance
Rate signal processing system is to the ess-strain signal of Simultaneous Monitoring during loading and unloading and acquisition, acoustic emission signal and view electricity
Resistance rate signal is identified and is handled, and ess-strain Evolution, the sound hair in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability are obtained
Event number, rupture location and change in apparent resistivity rule are penetrated, water-force coupling action Layered rock failure mechanism of rock is obtained and splits in the process
Gap extension, perforation and the dynamic evolution rule of unstability and its corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature.
Step 8, above-mentioned test procedure is repeated, adds unloading test device to carry out using large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial
The experimental study of different confining pressures, different hydraulic pressure, different loads effect Layered rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic Penetration Signature,
Obtain different confining pressures, different hydraulic pressure, different loads true triaxial add the extension of unloading test condition Layered pressure-bearing rock fracture, pass through
Logical ess-strain Evolution, acoustie emission event quantity, rupture location and change in apparent resistivity up in Failure Instability
Rule, comparative analysis confining pressure, hydraulic pressure, load and intermediate principal stress are to bedded rock Failure Instability and dynamic Penetration Signature
Affecting laws.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
The change or replacement expected without creative work, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
Protection scope should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of water-force coupling action adds unloading test device with lower large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial, which is characterized in that its
By confining pressure loading module, sample storage and water outlet module, artesian water loading module, load loading module and Signal acquiring and processing
System composition, confining pressure loading module is mutually indepedent by two sets, it is orthogonal it is horizontal add uninstalling system to constitute, can be in two phases
The loading and unloading of load in horizontal direction, pressure-bearing are mutually carried out on vertical direction to the sample storage wrapped up and water outlet module
Water loading module is located at sample storage and water outlet module bottom, and the loading and unloading of artesian water is carried out to bedded rock bottom, carries
Lotus loading module is located at the top of sample storage and water outlet module, to carry out at the top of bedded rock in vertical direction the load of load with
Unloading, signal acquiring and processing system carry out the acquisition and analysis of signal in the entire experiment process；
Wherein, confining pressure loading module is by round confining pressure cylinder, square rubber cylinder, round end cap, round end cap sealing ring, interior hexagonal spiral shell
Nail, rectangular lower sealing ring, rectangular limited location snap ring, limited location snap ring screw, rectangular upper sealing ring, quad seal positioning pressure metal plate, pressure metal plate
Fixing screws, hydraulic control system, the first hydraulic oil pipe, the first hydraulic valve, the first stable-pressure device, the first triple valve, first
Left hydraulic cylinder, the first left piston bar, the first left bulb, the first left cushion block, the first left pressing plate, the first left position displacement sensor,
One left load transducer, the first right hydraulic cylinder, the first right piston bar, the first right bulb, the first right cushion block, the first right pressing plate,
First right displacement sensor, the first right load transducer, the second hydraulic oil pipe, the second hydraulic valve, the second stable-pressure device, second
Bulb, the second front pods, the second front pressuring plate, the second anteposition before hydraulic cylinder, the second secondary piston bar, second before triple valve, second
Cushion block after bulb, second after piston rod, second after hydraulic cylinder, second after load transducer, second before displacement sensor, second,
Load transducer after displacement sensor, second after second rear fender, second, first exhaust valve group at；The square rubber cylinder with
The circle confining pressure cylinder constitutes square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber, utilizes rectangular lower sealing ring, rectangular limited location snap ring, limited location snap ring spiral shell
Nail, rectangular upper sealing ring, quad seal positioning pressure metal plate, pressure metal plate fixing screws are sealed processing to square internally and round externally confining pressure chamber；
The round end cap matches with round confining pressure cylinder, and using round end cap, round end cap sealing ring, soket head cap screw to circle
Confining pressure cylinder is sealed；The first left hydraulic cylinder is arranged symmetrically with the first right hydraulic cylinder about round confining pressure cylinder, is constituted
First set level adds uninstalling system；Described first left piston bar one end is built in the described first left hydraulic cylinder, the first right work
Stopper rod one end is built in the described first right hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the first left piston bar and the first right piston bar is worn
The round confining pressure cylinder side wall is crossed, passes through the described first left bulb, the first left cushion block and institute in the intracavitary first left piston bar of confining pressure
It states the first left pressing plate to be connected, the first right piston bar passes through the described first right bulb, the first right cushion block and the first right pressing plate phase
Even；First left position displacement sensor is arranged in the first left hydraulic cylinder with the first right displacement sensor and first right side is hydraulic
On oil cylinder, the first left load transducer and the first right load transducer are arranged in the first left piston bar and the first right work
On stopper rod, acquisition first set level adds the displacement and load of uninstalling system；Hydraulic oil after hydraulic cylinder and second before described second
Cylinder is arranged symmetrically about round confining pressure cylinder, constitutes second set horizontal plus uninstalling system, and second set level adds uninstalling system and the
A set of horizontal plus uninstalling system is mutually perpendicular in the same plane, symmetrical about round confining pressure cylinder；It is living before described second
Before stopper rod one end is built in described second in hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder after piston rod one end is built in described second after second
Interior, the other end of piston rod both passes through the round confining pressure cylinder side wall after the second secondary piston bar and second, intracavitary in confining pressure
Second secondary piston bar is connected by bulb, the second front pods before described second with second front pressuring plate, and piston rod is logical after second
Cushion block is connected with second rear fender after bulb, second after crossing described second；Before described second after displacement sensor and second
Before displacement sensor is arranged in second after hydraulic cylinder and second on hydraulic cylinder, load transducer and before described second
Load transducer is arranged in after the second secondary piston bar and second on piston rod after two, is acquired second set and horizontal is added uninstalling system
Displacement and load；First hydraulic oil pipe one end passes sequentially through the first hydraulic valve, the first stable-pressure device, the first triple valve
Afterwards, it is connected respectively with the described first left hydraulic cylinder with the first right hydraulic cylinder, the other end is connected with the hydraulic control system,
Control first set level adds uninstalling system；Second hydraulic oil pipe one end passes sequentially through the second hydraulic valve, the second pressure stabilizing dress
Set, after the second triple valve, be connected respectively with hydraulic cylinder before described second with hydraulic cylinder after second, the other end with it is described hydraulic
Control system is connected, and controls second set of horizontal plus uninstalling system；The hydraulic control system is same by first hydraulic oil pipe
Step controls protruding into and stretching out for the first left piston bar and the first right piston bar, and realization first set level adds uninstalling system other side
The horizontal addload of shape rubber tube inner lamination pressure-bearing rock and unloading；The hydraulic control system is same by second hydraulic oil pipe
Step controls protruding into and stretching out for piston rod after the second secondary piston bar and second, realizes that second set level adds uninstalling system other side
The horizontal addload of shape rubber tube inner lamination pressure-bearing rock and unloading, and the first set level of hydraulic control system control adds and unloads
Loading system and second set of level plus uninstalling system are mutually indepedent, can be realized in two mutually perpendicular directions of stratiform pressure-bearing rock not
The loading and unloading of isobaric lateral load；The first row air valve is connect with the intracavitary portion of the confining pressure, in confining pressure loading procedure, is led to
The first row air valve discharge intracavitary survival gas of confining pressure is crossed, the intracavitary air pressure balance of confining pressure is kept；
Sample storage and water outlet module by square coupons storage chamber, square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb, backup rolls, square ram,
Square seal ring, outlet pipe, flow sensor, hopper composition；The large scale bedded rock sample side of being placed on that will be processed
In shape sample storage chamber, the bottom of square coupons storage chamber is combed equipped with square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel, square coupons storage chamber
Top is square ram；The square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb is placed on the square boss shoulder in round confining pressure cylinder bottom portion,
Its size matches with square boss shoulder, rising height；The square ram is integral with the backup rolls, and backup rolls are worn
It crosses round end cap to go deep into square coupons storage chamber, and is pushed down at the top of bedded rock sample by square ram, YAW type rock electricity
Liquid servo pressure testing machine transmits load by backup rolls and bedded rock sample is carried out plus unloaded, square ram and square coupons
Radial clearance between storage chamber is sealed processing using square seal ring；
Artesian water loading module is by square pressure-bearing water holding tank, high-pressure water pipe, High-pressure watermeter, pressure-bearing stable-pressure device, water injection valve, column
Fill in metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump, water tank, third triple valve, draining pressure-relief valve, second exhaust valve group at；The square pressure-bearing water storage
Artesian water in slot acts on the bedded rock sample bottom in square coupons storage chamber by square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb,
Apply certain pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure to it；It is connect inside described high-pressure water pipe one end and the square pressure-bearing water holding tank, on pipeline
It is disposed with High-pressure watermeter, pressure-bearing stable-pressure device, water injection valve, plunger metering-type high-pressure hydraulic pump, water tank；The pressure-bearing pressure stabilizing dress
It sets between the water injection valve, the draining pressure-relief valve is connected by third triple valve, and connect with the water tank, pass through draining
High-pressure water body is in pressure-relief valve discharge square pressure-bearing water holding tank to unload artesian water；The second row air valve and the square pressure-bearing
It is connected inside water holding tank, in artesian water loading procedure, passes through second row air valve and remaining gas in square pressure-bearing water holding tank is discharged
Body；
Load loading module is made of rock hydraulic-servo-load with control system, including the examination of YAW type rock electro-hydraulic servo pressure
It tests machine, load the PC machine with control and stress-strain data acquisition and processing with PowerTestV3.3；
Signal acquiring and processing system is by strain data acquisition and processing system, acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system, view electricity
Resistance rate signal acquiring and processing system three parts composition；Strain data acquisition and processing system include resistance strain gage, the first bullet
Property rubber ring, data transmission wires, LB-IV type multi-channel digital deformeter, with stress-strain data acquire with handle PC
Machine；Resistance strain gage is connected using data transmission wires with the resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and
It is connected to strain data acquisition and processing system by corresponding conducting wire converting interface, to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock unstability
Ess-strain Evolution in the process；Acoustic emission signal acquisition is anti-including pressure-resistant sound emission receiving transducer, probe with processing system
Press shield, the second elastic rubber ring, signal transmission wire, DS5-16B type full information acoustic emission signal analysis instrument, sound emission letter
Number acquisition with processing PC machine；Sound emission receiving transducer is visited using the sound emission of signal transmission wire and experimental rig upper side
Head conducting wire converting interface is connected, and is connected to acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system by corresponding conducting wire converting interface, to obtain
Acoustie emission event quantity, position in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability are obtained, determines stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
Evolution；Apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system includes copper plate electrode, electrode resistance to compression shield, third elastic rubber
Circle, copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire, WBD type electrical method of network concurrency instrument, surfer or illustrator software aided drawing
PC machine, copper plate electrode utilize the copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface phase of copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire and experimental rig upper side
Even, and apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system is connected to by corresponding conducting wire converting interface, to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock
Apparent resistivity signal in stone Failure Instability determines permeable sandstone rule in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the experimental rig has two sets of mutually independent levels
Add uninstalling system, two orthogonal equal or unequal horizontal lateral loads can be applied to bedded rock；With two
Mutually independent vertical plus uninstalling system is covered, wherein a set of control rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine can apply bedded rock
Add load straight down, another set of control artesian water can be combed by square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel and be applied to bedded rock bottom
Add hydraulic pressure straight up；It, can be true by four sets of mutually independent plus uninstalling system realization bedded rock true triaxial tests
The anisobaric stress of coal measures stratiform pressure-bearing rock three-dimensional is simulated, intermediate principal stress, the anisotropy pair of bedded rock are explored
The affecting laws of its Penetration Signature.
3. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the experimental rig except hydraulic oil pipe, high-pressure water pipe, goes out
Water pipe, sealing ring are process by No. 45 steel casting with certain stiffness and strength, and its inner and outer surface layers is coated with centainly
The teflon insulation layer of thickness.
4. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is square plate shape that the square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel, which is combed, if
There is the identical circular through hole of multiple rows of spacing；The square pressure-bearing porous permeable steel comb upper surface is equipped with a plurality of cruciate groove,
Circular through hole identical with multiple rows of spacing is interconnected, and the cruciate groove width is identical as circular through hole diameter.
5. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the square ram be square plate shape, the square ram with
Apopore is equipped in the middle part of backup rolls, apopore is successively connect with flow sensor, hopper by outlet pipe；The square ram
Lower surface is equipped with cross water guide groove and square shape water guide groove centered on apopore, and cross water guide groove and side
Shape water guide groove is interconnected.
6. utilizing a kind of large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic of any one of claim 1-5 described device
Penetration Signature test method adds unloading test device using the large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial, passes through stratiform pressure-bearing
The acquisition and processing of ess-strain signal, acoustic emission signal and apparent resistivity signal, obtain big ruler in rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
Stress-strain relation, acoustie emission event quantity, position and pressure-bearing water penetration in very little stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability are led
The rule of rock change in apparent resistivity caused by rising obtains crack propagation during water-force coupling action Layered rock failure mechanism of rock, passes through
Logical and unstability dynamic evolution rule and its corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the method specific steps are as follows:
Step 1: prepared by bedded rock sample: cutting integrality from the seat earth rock stratum above coal mine Deep Confined water-bearing layer
The rock of preferable different lithology, processing is cut into side length 100 × 100 mm or 200 × 200 mm, thickness 10 in laboratory
The square plate shape rock stratum of mm or 20 mm or 30 mm or 40 mm or 50 mm, wherein thickness is less than the half of side length, by multilayer lithology
Identical or different square plate shape rock stratum is combined into the required large scale bedded rock sample of test, the large scale bedded rock
Being adhesively fixed between layers by smearing Instant cement for sample is integral；
Step 2: fixed resistance foil gauge: side arrangement, fixed resistance foil gauge, radial direction and axis in bedded rock sample
To each one, Instant cement guarantee is smeared in the contact position of resistance strain gage and bedded rock sample and contacts good, and is utilized
First elastic rubber ring fixed resistance foil gauge, to prevent resistance strain gage sliding, the resistance-strain in test loading procedure
Piece is connected using data transmission wires with the resistance strain gage conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and by leading accordingly
Line converting interface is connected to strain data acquisition and processing system, acquires strain variation data, so that it is broken to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock
Ess-strain Evolution in bad Instability；
Step 3: fixed sound emission receiving transducer: in the side arrangement pressure resistance sound emission receiving transducer of bedded rock sample, in sound
The contact position daubing coupling agent for emitting receiving transducer and bedded rock sample guarantees the good of contact, anti-using probe resistance to compression
Shield covers on sound emission receiving transducer, and using the fixed resistance to compression shield of the second elastic rubber ring, to avoid acoustic emission probe
It is influenced by bedded rock sample high confining pressure, while preventing acoustic emission probe sliding in test loading procedure, and be able to achieve sound
Emit the three-dimensional spatial distribution of receiving transducer；Sound emission receiving transducer utilizes signal transmission wire and experimental rig upper side
Acoustic emission probe conducting wire converting interface is connected, and is connected to acoustic emission signal acquisition and processing system by corresponding conducting wire converting interface
System, to obtain acoustie emission event quantity, position in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability, determines the stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock
The Evolution of Instability；
Step 4: fixed network parallel circuit copper plate electrode: with hand-held drill bedded rock sample side drill out certain amount,
The aperture of one fixed spacing and depth is buried, fixed network parallel circuit copper plate electrode, using conducting resinl sealed aperture to guarantee copper
Plate electrode and bedded rock sample coupling contact are good, are covered on copper plate electrode using electrode resistance to compression shield, and utilize third
Elastic rubber ring fixed blade guard to avoid the rubber tube of copper plate electrode damage confining pressure chamber, while preventing in test loading procedure
Copper plate electrode sliding, and it is able to achieve the three-dimensional spatial distribution of network parallel circuit copper plate electrode；Network parallel circuit copper plate electrode
It is connected using copper enamel-cover signal transmission wire with the copper plate electrode conducting wire converting interface of experimental rig upper side, and by corresponding
Conducting wire converting interface be connected to apparent resistivity signal acquiring and processing system, to obtain stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability
Middle apparent resistivity signal determines permeable sandstone rule in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability；
Step 5: applying stratiform rock sample confining pressure and pressure-bearing hydraulic pressure: bedded rock sample is placed on square coupons storage chamber
It is interior, it is pushed down at the top of bedded rock sample using YAW type rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine by the square ram on backup rolls,
Radial clearance between square ram and square coupons storage chamber is sealed using square seal ring, and round confining pressure cylinder utilizes circle
Shape end cap is sealed；Bedded rock sample is applied using two sets in confining pressure loading module mutually independent horizontal plus uninstalling systems
Add horizontal lateral load equal or unequal in two mutually perpendicular directions, and is held using artesian water loading module by rectangular
Pressure porous permeable steel comb applies certain pressure stabilizing artesian water in bedded rock sample bottom；
Step 6: the load of bedded rock sample and signal acquisition: starting strain acquisition system, acoustic emission signal acquisition system, view
Resistivity signal acquisition system, the pressure-loaded and control system for starting YAW type rock electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine are to stratiform
Rock sample carries out loading and unloading, and Simultaneous Monitoring, the ess-strain in acquisition stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability, sound
Transmitting and apparent resistivity signal；
Step 7: the post-processing of acquisition signal: utilizing ess-strain processing system, Acoustic emission signal processing system, apparent resistivity
Ess-strain signal, acoustic emission signal and apparent resistance of the signal processing system to Simultaneous Monitoring during loading and unloading and acquisition
Rate signal is identified and is handled, and ess-strain Evolution in stratiform pressure-bearing rock failure mechanism of rock Instability, sound emission are obtained
Event number, rupture location and change in apparent resistivity rule, obtain crack during water-force coupling action Layered rock failure mechanism of rock
Extension, perforation and the dynamic evolution rule of unstability and its corresponding dynamic Penetration Signature；
Step 8: repeating above-mentioned test procedure, unloading test device is added to carry out not using large scale stratiform pressure-bearing rock true triaxial
The experimental study of same confining pressure, different hydraulic pressure, different loads effect Layered rock failure mechanism of rock Instability and dynamic Penetration Signature, obtains
True triaxial to different confining pressures, different hydraulic pressure, different loads adds the extension of unloading test condition Layered pressure-bearing rock fracture, perforation
Until ess-strain Evolution, acoustie emission event quantity, rupture location and change in apparent resistivity rule in Failure Instability
Rule, the shadow of comparative analysis confining pressure, hydraulic pressure, load and intermediate principal stress to bedded rock Failure Instability and dynamic Penetration Signature
Ring rule.
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