CN102405244A - 多异氰酸酯组合物 - Google Patents
多异氰酸酯组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102405244A CN102405244A CN2010800173176A CN201080017317A CN102405244A CN 102405244 A CN102405244 A CN 102405244A CN 2010800173176 A CN2010800173176 A CN 2010800173176A CN 201080017317 A CN201080017317 A CN 201080017317A CN 102405244 A CN102405244 A CN 102405244A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polyisocyantates composition
- polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate
- curable compositions
- urea
- carbamide compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- -1 lithium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 claims description 57
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- PGYPOBZJRVSMDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N loperamide hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C(=O)N(C)C)CCN(CC1)CCC1(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PGYPOBZJRVSMDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920003319 Araldite® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DQFBYFPFKXHELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chalcone Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DQFBYFPFKXHELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005513 chalcones Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002725 isoflurane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-LURJTMIESA-N (2s)-hexane-1,2,6-triol Chemical compound OCCCC[C@H](O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWMNXQXKGOSXDN-GORDUTHDSA-N (e)-ethylideneurea Chemical compound C\C=N\C(N)=O AWMNXQXKGOSXDN-GORDUTHDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpropane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNAHQWDCXOHBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWEMVOWDVQAKHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclopentyloxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COC1CCCC1 MWEMVOWDVQAKHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWGATWIBSKHFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-anilinoethanol Chemical compound OCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 MWGATWIBSKHFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWMBYWBNOVVMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(carbamoylamino)propylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NCCCNC(N)=O CWMBYWBNOVVMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CC1CCC(O)CC1 MQWCXKGKQLNYQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phosphonobutylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCP(O)(O)=O JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVPZFPKENDZQEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCC1CCC(O)CC1 YVPZFPKENDZQEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVLTVRFYVWMEQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylcyclohex-3-ene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1CC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C=C1 SVLTVRFYVWMEQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BJSKBZUMYQBSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Jeffamine M-600 Chemical compound COCCOCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)OCC(C)N BJSKBZUMYQBSOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIGAAOXXRKTFAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C IIGAAOXXRKTFAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSILJOYZYPRFDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[4-(sulfanylmethyl)phenoxy]phenyl]methanethiol Chemical group C1=CC(CS)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(CS)C=C1 MSILJOYZYPRFDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4,4'-diol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGNLEIGUMSBZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.NCCCCCN FGNLEIGUMSBZQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011353 cycloaliphatic epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IFDVQVHZEKPUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC=CC1C(O)=O IFDVQVHZEKPUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001887 cyclopentyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJSATVJYSKVUGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,3,5-triol Chemical class CC(O)CC(O)CCO WJSATVJYSKVUGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940059936 lithium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
包括多异氰酸酯、卤化锂和脲化合物的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中卤化锂的摩尔数/每异氰酸酯当量是在0.0001-0.04范围内以及脲+缩二脲当量数/每异氰酸酯当量为0.0001-0.4。制备此类组合物的方法。包括该多异氰酸酯组合物和环氧树脂的可固化组合物。从该可固化组合物制备的聚异氰脲酯。
Description
本发明涉及多异氰酸酯组合物,制造该组合物的方法,使用本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物的可固化组合物,制造该可固化组合物的方法,从该可固化组合物制备或得到的聚异氰脲酯材料和制备该聚异氰脲酯材料的方法。
过去致力于稳定的或在环境条件下具有长的贮存期并且一旦活化就快速反应和快速固化的多异氰酸酯组合物的开发已经进行大量研究。现有的体系象环氧树脂体系和聚酯体系在较高的温度下需要几个小时的固化时间,并且在固化之后需要缓慢地进行冷却,以避免应力开裂和收缩,尤其对于聚酯体系。此外,这些现有的体系显示出有限的适用性,因为常常采用的紫外线固化仅仅影响到这些体系的有限的薄层。
令人吃惊地我们已经发现新型多异氰酸酯组合物,它在环境条件下是稳定的并且与某些异氰酸酯反应性的化合物一起得到可固化组合物,后者具有长的贮存时间并且一旦需要让该反应和固化开始,就可以在中等温度下快速地反应和固化。在固化之后,可以快速地进行冷却,具有较低的应力开裂和/或收缩率。
因此本发明涉及包括多异氰酸酯、卤化锂和脲化合物的多异氰酸酯组合物,该脲化合物具有500-15000的平均分子量和任选包括缩二脲基团,卤化锂的摩尔数/每异氰酸酯当量是在0.0001-0.04范围内以及脲+缩二脲当量数/每异氰酸酯当量为0.0001-0.4。
氯化锂和包含脲基团的化合物的使用已经由Sheth、Aneja和Wilkes公开于Polymer 45(2004) 5979-5984中。它们研究了在使用LiCl作为分子探针的模型三链段低聚聚氨酯中,氢键合的程度在调节硬链段相的长距离连接性(long-range connectivity)和渗透性上的影响。
在US 5086150中异氰酸酯封端的预聚物与二胺在较高量的LiCl存在下进行反应,以制备可以稳定至少两天的弹性体溶液。在反应的开始,氯化锂的摩尔数/每异氰酸酯当量是相当高的;氯化锂用作增溶剂。在反应的开始,组合物是不稳定的和不含有脲和在反应结束时它是弹性体并且不再是异氰酸酯组合物。所获得的产物是用于制造线(thread)和膜的弹性体溶液。
根据本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物非常适合于与环氧化合物一起制备可固化组合物。
异氰酸酯和环氧化物与LiCl一起的使用已经公开在Russian Chemical Reviews 52(6)1983,576-593中。反应受到催化剂的性质所影响。在金属卤化物存在下,形成活化的配合物,它最终得到 唑烷酮。一种副反应是异氰脲酸酯环的形成,它在用环氧化物处理时分解形成唑烷酮。此外,已经公开的是,环氧化物能够分裂脲键,形成唑烷酮。
US 5326833公开了包含多异氰酸酯,环氧化物和催化剂的组合物,该催化剂由碱金属卤化物如LiCl在聚氧化烯类化合物中的溶液组成。这些组合物能够在0℃和70℃之间快速地胶凝。
Juan等人在the Journal of East China University of Science and Technology Vol. 32, No 11, 2006, 1293-1294中讨论了LiCl对于聚氨酯-脲的形态结构和性质的影响。它表明聚氨酯脲溶液的粘度首先下降和随后提高。该聚氨酯脲是在有过量的多异氰酸酯情况下让聚环氧丙烷二醇和异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯进行反应而制备。
在本发明的背景中下面术语具有下面的意义:
1)异氰酸酯指数或NCO指数或指数:
在配制剂中存在的NCO基团与异氰酸酯反应性氢原子的比率,以百分数给出:
换句话说,NCO-指数表达了在配制剂中实际使用的异氰酸酯相对于在理论上与在配制剂中所用的量的异氰酸酯反应性氢原子进行反应所需要的异氰酸酯的量而言的百分比。
应当观察到的是,从包括异氰酸酯成分和异氰酸酯反应性成分的、制备该材料的实际聚合过程的观点应该考虑在这里使用的异氰酸酯指数。在生产改性多异氰酸酯(其中包括在现有技术中称作预聚物的此类异氰酸酯衍生物)的预备步骤中所消耗的任何异氰酸酯基团或在预备步骤中消耗的任何活性氢(例如与异氰酸酯反应以生产改性多元醇或多元胺)在异氰酸酯指数的计算中不考虑。仅仅在实际聚合阶段中存在的游离异氰酸酯基团和游离异氰酸酯活性氢(包括水的那些活性氢,在使用水时)需要考虑。
2)这里为了计算异氰酸酯指数的目的所使用的表达短语“异氰酸酯反应性氢原子”是指在反应性组合物中存在的羟基和胺基中的全部活性氢原子;这是指为了计算在实际聚合过程中的异氰酸酯指数,一个羟基被认为包括一个反应性氢,一个伯胺基团被认为包括一个反应性氢和一个水分子被认为包括两个活性氢。
3)反应体系:各组分的结合,其中多异氰酸酯保持在与异氰酸酯反应性组分分离开的一个或多个容器中。
4)术语“平均标称羟基官能度”(或简称“官能度”)在这里用于表示多元醇或多元醇组合物的数均官能度(每分子的羟基数量),假设它是用于多元醇或多元醇组合物的制备中的引发剂的数均官能度(每分子的活性氢原子的数量),虽然在实践中它常常是略微更低的,归因于一些末端不饱和键。
5)词语“平均”是指数均,除非另外说明。
用于制备本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物的多异氰酸酯可以选自脂肪族的、优选芳族的多异氰酸酯。优选的脂肪族多异氰酸酯是六亚甲基二异氰酸酯,异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯,亚甲基二环己基二异氰酸酯和环己烷二异氰酸酯,和优选的芳族多异氰酸酯是甲苯二异氰酸酯,萘二异氰酸酯,四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯,亚苯基二异氰酸酯(phenylene diisocyanate),联甲苯胺二异氰酸酯和尤其亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)和包括亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物(如所谓的聚合MDI,粗MDI,脲酮亚胺(uretonimin)改性的MDI和由MDI制备的具有游离异氰酸酯基团的预聚物以及包括MDI的多异氰酸酯类)和此类多异氰酸酯的混合物。MDI和包括MDI的多异氰酸酯组合物是最优选的和特别是选自下列这些中的那些多异氰酸酯:1)包括至少35%,优选至少60 wt%的4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(4,4’-MDI)的二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯;2)多异氰酸酯1)的碳化二亚胺和/或脲酮亚胺改性的变体,该变体具有20wt%或更高的NCO值;3)多异氰酸酯1)和/或2)的尿烷改性的变体,该变体具有20wt%或更高的NCO值并且是过量的多异氰酸酯1)和/或2)和多元醇的反应产物, 该多元醇具有2-4的平均标称羟基官能度和至多1000的平均分子量;4)包括包含3个或更多个异氰酸酯基团的同系物的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯;5)预聚物,该预聚物具有5-30 wt%的NCO值并且属于多异氰酸酯1)-4)中任何一种或多种与多元醇之间的反应产物,该多元醇具有2-4的平均标称羟基官能度和高于1000和至多8000的平均分子量;和6)任何上述多异氰酸酯的混合物。
多异氰酸酯1)包括至少35wt%的4,4’-MDI。此类多异氰酸酯是现有技术中已知的且包括纯4,4’-MDI以及4,4’-MDI,2,4’-MDI和2,2’-MDI的异构体混合物。需要指出的是,在异构体混合物中2,2’-MDI的量是处于杂质含量并且一般不超过2wt%,其余是4,4’-MDI和2,4’-MDI。这些多异氰酸酯是现有技术中已知的并且可商购获得;例如从Huntsman获得的SuprasecR MPR和1306(Suprasec是Huntsman Corporation或其分公司的商标,它已经在一个或多个国家但不是所有国家进行了注册)。
以上多异氰酸酯1)的碳化二亚胺和/或脲酮亚胺改性的变体也是现有技术中已知的并且是可商购获得的,例如从Huntsman获得的SuprasecR 2020。以上多异氰酸酯1)的尿烷改性变体也是现有技术中已知的,例如参见 The ICI Polyurethanes Book by G. Woods 1990, 2nd edition, pages 32-35。
多异氰酸酯4)也是广泛公知的并且可从市场上买得到的。这些多异氰酸酯常常被称作粗MDI或聚合物MDI。例子是Huntsman的SuprasecR 2185、SuprasecR 5025和SuprasecRDNR。
该预聚物(多异氰酸酯5)也是广泛公知的并且可从市场上买得到的。例子是都从Huntsman商购的SuprasecR 2054和SuprasecR 2061。
上述多异氰酸酯的混合物同样可以使用,例如参见The ICI Polyurethanes Book by G. Woods 1990, 2nd edition pages 32-35。此类从市场上买得到的多异氰酸酯的例子是Huntsman的SuprasecR 2021。
用于本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物中的卤化锂优选是以0.00015-0.025和最优选0.0005-0.02摩尔/每异氰酸酯当量的用量使用,并且优选地是选自氯化锂和溴化锂。氯化锂是最优选的。
用于本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物中的脲化合物优选是以一定量使用,该量使得脲+缩二脲当量数是0.001-0.2/每异氰酸酯当量和最优选0.001-0.05/每异氰酸酯当量。最优选,在多异氰酸酯组合物中的脲化合物当中的脲+缩二脲当量数/每摩尔的卤化锂是在0.5-60范围和最优选0.5-30范围。该脲化合物不应该包括其它异氰酸酯反应性基团(除脲基团外)。
用于本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物中的脲化合物具有500-15000和优选600-10000和最优选800-8000的平均分子量。此类脲化合物是通过多异氰酸酯和胺类反应而制备的。
用于制备此类脲化合物的多异氰酸酯可以选自以上所述的多异氰酸酯。以上提到的优选项这里同样适用。最优选,使用多异氰酸酯1)和2)和它们的混合物。用于制备本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物的多异氰酸酯和用于制备脲化合物的多异氰酸酯可以是相同或不同的。
用于制备脲化合物的胺类可以是一元胺或多元胺。优选使用一元胺,任选包括少量的多元胺。此类混合物的平均胺官能度是至多1.2。最优选仅仅使用一元胺。此类胺优选是伯胺。
胺类的分子量进行选择,使得一旦与所选择的多异氰酸酯进行反应,所获得的脲化合物的分子量是在以上范围内。一般,胺类的分子量是在200-7500范围和优选200-4500范围和最优选200-3000范围。
该胺类可以选自现有技术中已知的那些,如胺封端的烃类,聚酯类,聚醚类,聚己酸内酯类,聚碳酸酯类,聚酰胺类和它们的混合物。最优选的是胺封端的聚氧化烯一元胺和更尤其聚氧化乙烯聚氧化丙烯一元胺。优选,在这些聚氧化烯一元胺中的氧化丙烯含量是至少50wt%和优选至少75 wt%,基于一元胺分子的总重量。优选,该聚氧化烯一元胺具有在聚合物链的另一端的单烷基,该烷基具有1-8个和优选1-4个碳原子。此类一元胺是现有技术中已知的。它们是通过将具有1-8个碳原子的烷基一元醇加以烷氧基化和随后将聚氧化烯一元醇转化成一元胺而制备的。此类一元胺是可商购的。实例是JeffamineR M-600和M-2005,两者都从Huntsman获得(Jeffamine是Huntsman Corporation或其分公司的商标,它已经在一个或多个国家但不是所有国家进行了注册)。一元胺的混合物同样可以使用。
考虑到以上情况,用于本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物中的最优选的脲化合物是通过亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯或包括亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯或这些多异氰酸酯的混合物与聚氧化烯一元胺进行反应获得的脲化合物,该聚氧化烯一元胺包含至少75 wt%(基于一元胺分子的总重量)的量的氧化丙烯基和具有200-3000的平均分子量,且其中该胺是伯胺。
通过将多异氰酸酯和一元胺掺混和混合,并让它们反应。该反应是放热的,因此不需要加热和/或催化,虽然如果认为是便宜的话,可以采用加热和/或催化。例如,便宜的是将多异氰酸酯和/或一元胺预热到40-60℃和然后混合它们。在混合后,该反应混合物的温度优选保持低于80℃,以避免副反应,例如缩二脲形成。为了确保全部的胺进行反应,可以使用稍微过量的多异氰酸酯;因此在101-110的指数下进行该反应是优选的。在至多1小时之后,反应可以认为是完全的,并且该脲化合物即可用于制备本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物。
既然较少过量的多异氰酸酯用于制备该脲化合物,因为该脲化合物在下一步中被加入到较大量的多异氰酸酯中,一些的脲基团可以转化成缩二脲基团。通过控制反应温度和后续的混合步骤的温度,该缩二脲形成尽可能避免。一般,转化成缩二脲基团的脲基团的数量低于25 %和优选低于10 %。
本发明进一步涉及通过在环境条件下或在升高的温度下,例如在40-70℃下按照任何顺序混合多异氰酸酯、脲化合物和卤化锂来制备本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物的方法。优选该卤化锂与脲化合物预混合,然后此混合物被添加到多异氰酸酯中并混合。在混合卤化锂和脲化合物之前,适宜的是将卤化锂溶解在溶剂中,如在有机溶剂如醇类,例如甲醇或乙醇中。溶解的卤化锂然后被添加到脲化合物中。任选地,随后溶剂可以被汽提除去(stripped off)。预混合和混合是在环境条件下或在高温下,例如在40-70℃下进行,并且利用通常的搅拌来进行。多异氰酸酯、脲化合物和卤化锂的相对量进行选择,使得本发明的最终多异氰酸酯组合物具有前面所述的相对量的异氰酸酯基团、脲基团和卤化锂。不希望受任何理论束缚,卤化锂被认为是以离解形式存在,与脲基团配合为所谓的双齿配合物。
根据本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物可用来与环氧树脂一起制造可固化组合物。
因此本发明进一步涉及包括本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物和环氧树脂的可固化组合物,其中环氧树脂的量应使得环氧当量数/每异氰酸酯当量是在0.003-1范围和优选在0.003-0.5范围和最优选在0.005-0.25范围。
原则上,在环氧树脂技术中常用的和在室温下为液体的全部环氧树脂能够用于制备本发明的可固化组合物。还有可能使用环氧树脂的混合物,该混合物在室温下为液体。在本发明的背景中,室温是指20-25℃的温度。
环氧树脂的例子是:
I) 聚缩水甘油酯和聚(β-甲基缩水甘油)酯,它可通过在分子中具有至少两个羧基的化合物和分别地表氯醇和β-甲基表氯醇进行反应而获得。该反应适宜在碱存在下进行。
脂肪族多羧酸能够用作在分子中具有至少两个羧基的化合物。该多羧酸的例子是草酸,丁二酸,戊二酸,己二酸,庚二酸,辛二酸,壬二酸以及二聚或三聚亚油酸。
然而,能够使用脂环族多羧酸,例如四氢化邻苯二甲酸,4-甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸,六氢邻苯二甲酸或4-甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸。
此外,可以使用芳族多羧酸,例如邻苯二甲酸,间苯二甲酸或对苯二甲酸。
II) 聚缩水甘油醚或聚(β-甲基缩水甘油)醚,它可通过具有至少两个游离醇式羟基和/或酚式羟基的化合物与表氯醇或β-甲基表氯醇在碱性条件下或在酸性催化剂存在下进行反应,随后用碱处理而获得。
这一类型的缩水甘油醚是,例如,从无环醇,例如由乙二醇,二乙二醇或更高级聚(氧化乙烯)二醇,丙烷-1,2-二醇或聚(氧化丙烯)二醇,丙烷-1,3-二醇,丁烷-1,4-二醇,聚(氧基四亚甲基)二醇,戊烷-1,5-二醇,己烷-1,6-二醇,己烷-2,4,6三醇,甘油,1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷,季戊四醇或山梨糖醇,以及由聚表氯醇形成的。这一类型的其它缩水甘油醚是由脂环族醇,如1,4-环己烷二甲醇,双(4-羟基环己基)甲烷或2,2-双(4-羟基环己基)丙烷,或由含有芳族基团和/或其它官能团的醇类,如N,N-双(2-羟乙基)苯胺或p,p’-双(2-羟乙基氨基)-二苯基甲烷形成的。
该缩水甘油醚也可以基于单核的酚类,例如对-叔丁基苯酚,间苯二酚或氢醌,或基于多核的酚类,例如双(4-羟苯基)甲烷,4,4’-二羟基联苯,双(4-羟苯基)砜,1,1,2,2-四(4-羟苯基)乙烷,2,2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷或2,2-双(3,5-二溴-4-羟苯基)丙烷。
用于缩水甘油醚的制备中的其它合适羟基化合物是线型酚醛清漆,后者可通过醛类,如甲醛、乙醛、三氯乙醛或糠醛,与未取代或被氯原子或C1-C9烷基取代的酚类或双酚类,例如苯酚,4-氯酚,2-甲基苯酚和4-叔丁基苯酚,的缩合反应而获得。
III) 聚(N-缩水甘油基)化合物,它可通过表氯醇与含有至少两个胺氢原子的胺类的反应产物的脱氯化氢而获得。这些胺类例如是苯胺,正丁胺,双(4-氨基苯基)甲烷,间-二甲苯二胺或双(4-甲基氨基苯基)甲烷。
该聚(N-缩水甘油基)化合物也包括异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯,亚环烷基脲如亚乙基脲或1,3-亚丙基脲的N,N'-二缩水甘油基衍生物,和乙内酰脲如5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲的二缩水甘油基衍生物。
IV) 聚(S-缩水甘油基)化合物,例如二-S-缩水甘油基衍生物,它是从二硫醇,例如乙烷-1,2-二硫醇或双(4-巯基甲基苯基)醚形成的。
V) 环脂族环氧树脂,例如双(2,3-环氧基环戊基)醚,2,3-环氧基环戊基缩水甘油醚,1,2-双(2,3-环氧基环戊基氧基)乙烷或3’,4’-环氧基环己烷羧酸3,4-环氧基环己基甲基酯。
还可以使用环氧树脂,其中1,2-环氧基键接于不同的杂原子或官能团上;这些化合物包括,例如,4-氨基苯酚的N,N,O-三缩水甘油基衍生物,水杨酸的缩水甘油醚-缩水甘油酯,N-缩水甘油基-N'-(2-缩水甘油基氧基丙基)-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲或2-缩水甘油基氧基-1,3-双(5,5-二甲基-1-缩水甘油基乙内酰脲-3-基)丙烷。
特别优选的是在I和II中提到的那些和最优选的是在II中提到的那些。
本发明进一步涉及通过混合本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物和环氧树脂来制备本发明的可固化组合物的方法,其中环氧树脂的量应该使得环氧当量叔/每异氰酸酯当量是在0.003-1范围。该混合优选是在环境条件下进行。
所获得的可固化组合物在环境条件下和甚至在较低温度下具有良好的稳定性。通过让它进行反应,将它用于制备聚异氰脲酯材料。因此本发明进一步涉及通过让本发明的可固化组合物进行反应所制备的聚异氰脲酯材料,和涉及通过让本发明的可固化组合物进行反应可获得的聚异氰脲酯材料,和涉及通过让本发明的可固化组合物进行反应制备这些聚异氰脲酯材料的方法。反应的起始可通过施加热来加速,如将可固化组合物加热至高于50℃和优选高于80℃的温度。然后可固化组合物快速地进行固化(所谓的急速固化(snap-cure)),同时温度进一步升高(反应是放热的)。
在固化它之前,可固化组合物可以加入到模具中以便使组合物具有某形状,或加入到某物体的空腔中以便提供具有聚异氰脲酯内部部分(interior)的物体,或加到某表面上以便为该表面提供聚异氰脲酯覆盖层,或它可用于通过将该可固化组合物施加于物体或管道的内部和/或外表面上来修复该物体和尤其该管道(管道修复的例子已经描述在US 4009063,4366012和4622196中),或它可用于粘结材料,这已经公开在WO2007/096216中。
在可固化组合物固化之前,可以将添加剂添加到该组合物中或到它的成分中。添加剂的例子是多元醇,其它催化剂,发泡剂,表面活性剂,水清除剂,如原甲酸烷基酯和尤其原甲酸三异丙基酯,抗微生物剂,阻燃剂,防烟剂,UV稳定剂,着色剂,增塑剂,内含脱模剂,流变改性剂,润湿剂,分散剂和填料。如果使用多元醇,则它们的用量应该使得可固化组合物的指数保持高于150和优选高于300。
任选地,根据本发明的聚异氰脲酯材料可以进行后固化。
本发明通过下列实施例来说明。
实施例
所使用的化学品:
Jeffamine M-600:具有约560的分子量和约9/1的氧化丙烯/氧化乙烯比率的单官能的聚氧化乙烯聚氧化丙烯伯胺。可从Huntsman获得。在这些实施例中,称作M-600。
Jeffamine M-2005:具有约2000的分子量和29/6的氧化丙烯(PO)/氧化乙烯(EO)比率的单官能的聚氧化乙烯聚氧化丙烯伯胺。可从Huntsman获得。在这些实施例中,称作M-2005。
Jeffamine M-2070:作为M-2005,但具有10/33的PO/EO比率。在这些实施例中,称作M-2070。
Surfonamine L-100:具有约1000的分子量和3/19的PO/EO比率的单官能的聚氧化乙烯聚氧化丙烯伯胺;从Huntsman获得。在这些实施例中,称作L-100。Surfonamine是Huntsman Corporation或它的分公司的商标,它已在一个或多个国家但非全部国家注册。
Suprasec 1306多异氰酸酯,从Huntsman获得:4,4’-MDI。在这些实施例中,称作S1306。
Suprasec 2020 多异氰酸酯:脲酮亚胺改性的多异氰酸酯,从Huntsman获得,在这些实施例中表示为S2020。
Suprasec 5025多异氰酸酯:从Huntsman获得的聚合物MDI,在这些实施例中称作S5025。
从Repsol获得的Alcupol R1610多元醇这里称作R1610。
Daltolac R200多元醇,从Huntsman获得。Daltolac是Huntsman Corporation或它的分公司的商标,它已在一个或多个国家但非全部国家注册。在这里表示为R200。
Daltocel F526是从Huntsman获得的聚氧化乙烯三醇;MW约1300。Daltocel是Huntsman Corporation或它的分公司的商标,它已在一个或多个国家但非全部国家注册。
Voranol P400:从DOW获得的多元醇。
Tegostab B8466:从Evonik获得的硅表面活性剂。
SiO2填料:从Sibelco获得的Millisil M6000。
Araldite DY-T环氧化物,从Huntsman获得,三羟甲基丙烷的三缩水甘油醚,这里表示为DY-T。Araldite是Huntsman Corporation或它的分公司的商标,它已在一个或多个国家但非全部国家注册。
Araldite DY-P环氧化物:对-叔丁基苯酚的单缩水甘油醚;这里表示为DY-P;从Huntsman得到。
Araldite DY-3601环氧化物:聚氧基亚丙基二醇的二缩水甘油醚;这里表示为DY-3601;从Huntsman得到。
Araldite GY-783环氧化物:有单官能的反应性稀释剂的双酚A/F;这里表示为GY-783;从Huntsman获得。
在任何的下列实施例中都没有观察到缩二脲形成。
实施例1
根据本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物的制备。
一定数量摩尔数的胺(它保持在50℃下)和一定数量摩尔数的多异氰酸酯1(它也保持在50℃)被混合,然后反应1小时,同时进行搅拌,因此形成脲化合物。反应温度保持在80℃。在搅拌的同时,将一定量的盐溶于一定量的乙醇中。
该溶液被添加到仍然保持在80℃的以上所制备的脲化合物中。搅拌继续进行约15分钟。通过在85-95℃下蒸馏,汽提出主要量(substantial amount)的乙醇。所获得的脲/盐混合物的量给出在下表1中;与胺的量和类型、多异氰酸酯1和所使用的盐和乙醇的用量一起列于表中。
将一定量的如此制备的脲/盐混合物(具有约60℃的温度)添加到一定量的多异氰酸酯2中,然后混合以制备本发明的多异氰酸酯组合物。
所使用的成分的量和类型与脲+缩二脲当量数/每异氰酸酯当量和盐的摩尔数/每异氰酸酯当量以及脲+缩二脲当量数/每摩尔盐的比率一起给出在下表2中。重量份表示为pbw。
表1
表2
根据本发明的可固化组合物和聚异氰脲酯材料的制备。
表2的组合物与环氧化物(组合物)混合30秒,然后在室温下放置,以便由目测检查来确定储存时限。在储存期限的测定之后让可固化组合物进行反应,以制备本发明的聚异氰脲酯材料。异氰脲酸酯基团的存在通过傅里叶转换的红外光谱法(FTIRS)来证实。迄今使用的环氧树脂组合物是通过该环氧树脂类型与多元醇的简单混合来制备的。
所使用的成分,以重量份计的量,环氧当量数/每异氰酸酯当量,指数和储存期限给出在表3中。
在第一列中,A1是指使用脲化合物A(表1)和多异氰酸酯掺混物1(表2),和F6是指使用脲化合物F和多异氰酸酯共混物6。对于A9,用脲化合物A和多异氰酸酯掺混物9进行8个不同实验。
表3
X是指“不使用”。
实施例2
根据本发明的聚异氰脲酯的进一步制备。
1)5 pbw的Voranol P400,5 pbw的Daltolac R200,6 pbw的DY-T和2 pbw的原甲酸三异丙基酯进行混合。这一混合物与100 pbw的多异氰酸酯掺混1(表2)进行混合,倾倒在模具中,然后在保持于80℃下的烘箱中固化1小时。Tg和E-模量,两者由差示机械热分析法测定,是166℃和2570 MPa。FTIRS揭示了异氰脲酸酯基团的存在。根据本发明的聚异氰脲酯材料适合于用于管道修复。
2)15 pbw的Alcupol R1610,4 pbw的DY-T,3 pbw的原甲酸三异丙基酯和12 pbw的SiO2填料进行混合。该混合物被添加到95 pbw的S2020,6 pbw的脲化合物A(表1)和1 pbw的Tegostab B8466的混合物中,然后混合。所获得的混合物被倾倒在模具中,然后在保持于80℃下的烘箱中固化。Tg和E-模量,两者与前面的实验中同样地测定,是267℃和2355 MPa。异氰脲酸酯基团在这一优良的复合材料聚异氰脲酯材料中的存在通过FTIRS来证实。
3)用5 pbw的脲化合物A和2 pbw的原甲酸三异丙基酯但没有Tegostab B8466和填料来重复实验2。所获得的聚异氰脲酯(由FTIRS证实)具有195℃的Tg和2475 MPa的E-模量。可固化组合物适合于树脂灌注和尤其适合于树脂转移模塑。
4)没有Daltolac R200,用4 pbw的DY-T和用2.5 pbw的原甲酸三异丙基酯重复实验1。所获得的聚异氰脲酯(由FTIRS证实)具有159℃的Tg和2800 MPa的E-模量。可固化组合物特别适合于管道修复应用。
以上实验具有下列比率:
实验 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
盐/NCO比率 | 0.0029 | 0.0036 | 0.0029 | 0.0029 |
脲 + 缩二脲/NCO 比率 | 0.0103 | 0.0129 | 0.0107 | 0.0103 |
环氧基/NCO比率 | 0.0687 | 0.0478 | 0.0478 | 0.0458 |
指数 | 1224 | 1564 | 1564 | 3014 |
脲 + 缩二脲/盐比率 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
对比实施例
1)可固化组合物A1是在没有脲化合物A的情况下制备的。Alcupol R1610用于溶解LiCl。可固化组合物的储存期限是1h20。在本实施例中LiCl的量与在可固化组合物A1中相同。
2)混合Suprasec 2020(85 pbw)和Daltocel F526(15 pbw)。Daltocel F526含有0.24 wt%的乳酸钾(以多元醇的重量为基础来计算)。该指数是1763。储存期限是2分钟。
3)1摩尔的LiCl与5重量份的脲化合物A(参见表1)进行混合。盐/NCO的摩尔比率是约1.5。不可能将LiCl溶解在脲化合物中。
Claims (15)
1.包括多异氰酸酯、卤化锂和脲化合物的多异氰酸酯组合物,该脲化合物具有500-15000的平均分子量和任选包括缩二脲基团,卤化锂的摩尔数/异氰酸酯当量是在0.0001-0.04范围内以及脲+缩二脲当量数/异氰酸酯当量为0.0001-0.4。
2.根据权利要求1的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该脲化合物不包括除脲基团之外的其它异氰酸酯反应性基团。
3.根据权利要求1-2的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该多异氰酸酯是亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯或包括亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯组合物或此类多异氰酸酯的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1-3的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该卤化锂的量是0.00015-0.025摩尔/异氰酸酯当量。
5.根据权利要求1-4的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该卤化锂是氯化锂。
6.根据权利要求1-5的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该脲+缩二脲当量数/异氰酸酯当量是0.001-0.2。
7.根据权利要求1-6的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该脲化合物是通过亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯或包含亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯的多异氰酸酯或这些多异氰酸酯的混合物与聚氧化烯一元胺进行反应而制备的,该聚氧化烯一元胺包括基于一元胺分子的总重量至少50 wt%的量的氧化丙烯基并且具有200-3000的平均分子量,和其中该胺是伯胺。
8.根据权利要求1-7的多异氰酸酯组合物,其中该脲+缩二脲当量数/摩尔卤化锂是0.5-60。
9.通过混合多异氰酸酯、脲化合物和卤化锂来制备根据权利要求1-8的多异氰酸酯组合物的方法。
10.包括根据权利要求1-8的多异氰酸酯组合物和环氧树脂的可固化组合物,其中该环氧树脂的量使得环氧当量数/异氰酸酯当量是在0.003-1范围。
11.根据权利要求10的可固化组合物,其中该环氧树脂在室温下是液体。
12.通过混合根据权利要求1-8的多异氰酸酯组合物和环氧树脂来制备根据权利要求10-11的可固化组合物的方法,其中该环氧树脂的量使得环氧当量数/异氰酸酯当量是在0.003-1范围。
13.通过让根据权利要求10-11的可固化组合物进行反应所制备的聚异氰脲酯材料。
14.通过让根据权利要求10-11的可固化组合物进行反应可获得的聚异氰脲酯材料。
15.通过让权利要求10-11的可固化组合物进行反应制备权利要求13-14的聚异氰脲酯材料的方法。
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CN107787338B (zh) * | 2015-06-18 | 2021-04-20 | 亨茨曼国际有限公司 | 聚氨酯催化剂的原位形成 |
CN111094380A (zh) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-05-01 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | 生产热塑性聚噁唑烷酮聚合物的方法 |
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PL2421906T3 (pl) | 2017-08-31 |
JP5410595B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
RU2490284C2 (ru) | 2013-08-20 |
EP2421906B1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
BRPI1015095A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
RU2011147117A (ru) | 2013-05-27 |
CN102405244B (zh) | 2016-10-05 |
US20120046436A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
BRPI1015095B1 (pt) | 2019-09-17 |
CA2755856C (en) | 2013-07-02 |
EP2421906A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
WO2010121898A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
JP2012524824A (ja) | 2012-10-18 |
KR20120017023A (ko) | 2012-02-27 |
CA2755856A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
US9018333B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 |
KR101718174B1 (ko) | 2017-03-20 |
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