CN102279135A - Lossless dynamic detection apparatus and method for anchor pile drawing force - Google Patents
Lossless dynamic detection apparatus and method for anchor pile drawing force Download PDFInfo
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- CN102279135A CN102279135A CN 201110187038 CN201110187038A CN102279135A CN 102279135 A CN102279135 A CN 102279135A CN 201110187038 CN201110187038 CN 201110187038 CN 201110187038 A CN201110187038 A CN 201110187038A CN 102279135 A CN102279135 A CN 102279135A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lossless dynamic detection apparatus and a detection method for anchor pile drawing force. The apparatus comprises an anchor pile which is fixed in an anchor pile hole on a surrounding rock through an anchor fixing body. The end of the anchor pile, which stretches outside, is provided with a pallet. The pallet is fixed on the surrounding rock through a fixing not. A connecting sleeve is arranged on the end of the anchor pile which is stretched outside. A speed sensor is arranged in the connecting sleeve. The speed sensor is connected to a signal collecting and analyzing instrument through a signal transmission wire. A slide bar joining sleeve is arranged on the end of the connecting sleeve. The slide bar joining sleeve is connected to a slide bar. An impact seat is arranged on the rear of the slide bar. A pilereing hammer is sleeved on the slide bar. During a transient definite value excitation process, the pilereing hammer elastically impacts the impact seat on the rear of the slide bar, signals are collected by the speed sensor, the signals are input into the signal collecting and analyzing instrument, and the signals are transformed into anchor pile drawing forces. With the method and the apparatus provided by the invention, a defect of prior arts, that drawing force data cannot be directly read from down hole, is overcome. The apparatus and the method are suitable to be used in mines and tunnels for anchor pile drawing force detection, data calculation and data displaying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anchor pole pulling capacity nondestructive power pick-up unit and the method in a kind of mine and tunnel.
Background technology
Anchor pole is widely used in mine, tunnel surrounding reinforcing and the supporting, with the colliery is example, how accurately, all sidedly whether China's coal-mine roadway bolt consumption more than 5,000 ten thousand, calculate the anchor pole pulling capacity and meet design requirement at least, remains a difficult problem at present.In fact, for present deep coal mine roadway, because heavily stressed, rock property difference of country rock and architectonic influence, all there is great difference in the anchor pole pulling capacity in same tunnel, and small part anchor pole pulling capacity does not reach the generation that requirement all will cause accidents such as the lane that collapses, roof fall.Therefore, respectively to carrying out the pulling capacity Non-Destructive Testing, in time grasp in labour anchor pole pulling capacity situation of change at the labour anchor pole at roadway construction and viability, obvious for the mine safety meaning.
Patent " a kind of lossless detection method of anchor rod ultimate bearing capacity " (CN1793897A) adopts the structure dynamic testing technology to obtain information, adopt the intelligent signal analytical technology that the information of obtaining is handled, predict the detection method of anchor rod ultimate bearing capacity then by the neural network intelligent identifying system that has trained; This detection method can not intuitively read pulling capacity in the down-hole, and does not consider that prestress is to accurately reading the influence of pulling capacity.Patent " the nondestructive power pick-up unit and the method for anchor rod anchored limiting force " (CN101082564A), be anchored in sensor installation coupling arrangement on coal (rock) the layer anchor shaft anchor cable exposed junction, and the acceleration transducer that installation links to each other with intelligent dynamic tester on the sensor coupling arrangement, by the positive end face of anchor pole is applied the power of shaking of hitting, make anchor pole produce extensional vibration, gather this little vibration acceleration signal by acceleration transducer, be transferred to intelligent dynamic tester, the intelligence dynamic tester converts the acceleration signal that receives to digital signal and storage, the data that all are collected are input to computing machine and carry out calculation process at last, finish non-damaged detection of anchor rod anchored limiting force; This detection method can not intuitively read pulling capacity in the down-hole equally.At present the anchor pole pulling capacity being detected mainly is to utilize hydraulic jack to carry out the pulling capacity that pull-out test is measured anchor pole, this detection means is damaged the detection, tested anchor pole generally can not be used further to supporting roof or two and help, thereby can only be as design reference in design, can not reach the purpose of certain roadway bolt anchoring quality of assessment, and not only take a lot of work but also time-consuming.When anchoring quality is detected, take only to pull to 80% of design anchoring limiting force, if can reach 80% of design anchoring limiting force, think that then this root anchor pole is qualified, anchor pole after even now detects is reusable still, but still anchor pole and surrounding rock body thereof are produced stronger disturbance, reduced the reinforcement effect of anchor pole to country rock.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of anchor pole pulling capacity nondestructive power pick-up unit and method that the active service anchor pole detects that be directly used in.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is: it comprises anchor pole, anchor pole is in anchoring body is fixed on bolthole on the country rock, the anchor pole exposed junction is provided with supporting plate, supporting plate is fixed on the country rock through set nut, the exposed junction of anchor pole is provided with adapter sleeve, speed pickup is arranged in the adapter sleeve, and speed pickup connects signal gathering analysis meter through signal transmssion line; The end of described adapter sleeve is provided with the affixed cover of slide bar, and the affixed cover of slide bar connects slide bar, and the afterbody of slide bar is provided with the bump seat, suit punching hammer on the slide bar.
1), transient state definite value exciting detection step of the present invention comprises:, the punching hammer is with to a bump seat actual relative movement
HAlong the downward free landing of slide bar, with the bump seat generation elastic collision of slide bar afterbody, thereby produce the longitudinal tension stress ripple in the anchor pole end, cause prestressed anchor extensional vibration; Collision coefficient calculates according to punching hammer collision back rebound height, and rebound height was calculated according to the mistiming of two exciting stress waves in the vibrational waveform; 2), signals collecting: speed pickup is assemblied in to be threaded and puts, and speed pickup is gathered the punching hammer and clashed into the vibration velocity signal that elastic collision takes place seat, and this signal is sent to acquisition and analysis instrument through signal transmssion line; 3), pulling capacity is calculated: acquisition and analysis instrument is provided with the pulling capacity computing module, the pulling capacity computing module carries out fast fourier transform to the vibration velocity signal and obtains power spectrum signal, and utilize extreme value theorem to determine 1～3 preceding order frequency of prestressed anchor vibration, compare with the theory of oscillation fundamental frequency of this prestressed anchor, the prestressed anchor fundamental vibration frequency that obtains surveying is as the calculated rate value
f 0Vibration initial velocity and the collision coefficient that is comprehensively directly extracted by this anchor pole vibration velocity signal calculates this prestressed anchor pulling capacity by the pulling capacity computing module in the signal sampler then; The Mintrop wave crest peak value of tension waveform is
A d, by
v 0=
α*
A dDetermine the vibration initial velocity behind the vertical exciting of prestressed anchor, wherein
αBe the sensitivity coefficient of speed pickup,
tFor the mistiming of Mintrop wave on the waveform and resilience ripple, by formula h=g
t 2/ 8 calculate rebound height, and by formula
ε=h/
HCalculate the coefficient of resilience; Determine comprehensive
f 0,
v 0,
εAfter, click " pulling capacity calculating " button on the acquisition and analysis instrument, calculate automatically and demonstration anchor pole pulling capacity detected value by acquisition and analysis instrument.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is produced compared to existing technology:
The present invention takes the method for reverse exciting, produces the tension ripple and eliminates the interference of reflected wave of compression stress wave at supporting plate and country rock wall surface of contact; The speed pickup that selection meets prestressed anchor anchor system natural frequency comes direct acquisition system vibration velocity signal, with direct extraction system vibration initial velocity; The influence that energy loss is calculated pulling capacity when colliding for eliminating is calculated the energy loss that the coefficient of resilience is determined collision by punching hammer rebound height; Calculate prestressed anchor anchor system mass of vibration by system vibration initial velocity, punching hammer quality and collision coefficient at last, calculate the pulling capacity that detects anchor pole by the pulling capacity computing module that is solidificated in the signal sampler according to the system vibration fundamental frequency.The present invention does not have damage to the anchor pole of active service in the testing process of pulling capacity, do not have dismounting, and easy to detect, quick, the accuracy of detection height; Signal sampler can directly calculate and show the computational data of pulling capacity.The present invention has overcome the defective that prior art can not intuitively not read the pulling capacity data in the down-hole.
The present invention is applicable to the detection of anchor pole pulling capacity, data computation and the demonstration in mine and tunnel.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural drawing of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, country rock, 2, anchoring body, 3, anchor pole, 4, bolthole, 5, supporting plate, 6, set nut, 7, speed pickup, 8, signal transmssion line, 9, adapter sleeve, 10, the affixed cover of slide bar, 11, slide bar, 12, the punching hammer, 13, the bump seat.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of anchor pole pulling capacity nondestructive power pick-up unit and method, it comprises anchor pole 3, anchor pole 3 is in anchoring body 2 is fixed on bolthole 4 on the country rock 1, anchor pole 3 exposed junctions are provided with supporting plate 5, and supporting plate 5 is fixed on the country rock 1 through set nut 6, and the exposed junction of anchor pole 3 is provided with adapter sleeve 9, speed pickup 7 is arranged in the adapter sleeve 9, and speed pickup 7 connects signal gathering analysis meter 14 through signal transmssion line 8; The end of adapter sleeve 9 is provided with the affixed cover 10 of slide bar, and the affixed cover 10 of slide bar connects slide bar 11, and the afterbody of slide bar 11 is provided with bump seat 13, suit punching hammer 12 on the slide bar 11.
Detection step of the present invention comprises:
1), transient state definite value exciting: punching hammer 12 is with the actual relative movement to bump seat 13
HAlong slide bar 11 downward free landings, with the bump seat 13 generation elastic collisions of slide bar 11 afterbodys, thereby produce the longitudinal tension stress ripple in anchor pole 3 ends, cause prestressed anchor 3 extensional vibrations; Collision coefficient calculates according to punching hammer 12 collision back rebound height, and rebound height was calculated according to the mistiming of two exciting stress waves in the vibrational waveform.
With colliery prestressed anchor 3 is embodiment, country rock 1 is a coal mine roadway top board surface of contact, the prestress of anchor pole 3 generally is about 30～50kN, anchor pole 3 is after anchoring body 2 is fixed, make supporting plate 5 and surface of contact produce certain compressive stress, when carrying out the detection of anchor pole 3 power, usual method is to apply a transient state compression stress wave along anchor pole 3 longitudinal directions in anchor pole 3 ends, compression stress wave will cause wave reflection and transmission when propagating into supporting plate 5 with rib surface of contact position, become interference wave, accuracy of detection is affected.
The present invention is the tension ripple that longitudinally applies certain amplitude in anchor pole 3 ends, because supporting plate 5 can not transmit the tension ripple with coal mine roadway top board surface of contact, several inspiring confidence in of the tension ripple of exciting all imported anchored end into, evoke anchoring body 2 extensional vibrations, supporting plate 5 is then not obvious substantially with the interference wave of surface of contact.For realizing the tension ripple of coal mine roadway roofbolt 3, punching hammer 12 is with actual relative movement
HAlong the free from top to bottom landing of slide bar 11, with slide bar 11 afterbody semi-round balls bump seat 13 elastic collision taking place, thereby produces a longitudinal tension stress ripple in the end of anchor pole 3, trigger prestressed anchor 3 extensional vibrations.Collision coefficient calculates according to punching hammer 12 collision back rebound height, and rebound height can be calculated according to the mistiming of two exciting stress waves in the vibrational waveform.
2), signals collecting: speed pickup 7 is assemblied on the cover 9 that is threaded, and speed pickup 7 is gathered punching hammer 12 and clashed into the vibration velocity signal that elastic collision takes place seat 13, and this signal is sent to acquisition and analysis instrument 14 through signal transmssion line 8.
The main acceleration transducer that adopts during present existing anchor pole 3 detects, but employing acceleration transducer, need acquired signal is carried out digital integration, some interference waves are exaggerated in integral process, so this detection signal pick-up transducers directly adopts speed pickup 7, speed pickup 7 bandwidth are at 500Hz～2000Hz.Speed pickup 7 is assemblied on the cover 9 that is threaded of slide bar 11 exciting devices.
Speed pickup 7 is connected by signal transmssion line 8 with signal sampler 14, earlier that speed pickup 7 is affixed before the exciting, and connect with signal sampler 14, signal sampler 14 is debugged the signals collecting interface, send the signals collecting instruction, signal sampler 14 is in treats accepting state, then punching hammer 12 is mentioned certain altitude along slide bar 11, discharge punching hammer 12 and finish exciting one time, signal sampler 14 is stored after collecting this accumulation signal, behind the repetition exciting 3～4 times, when signal conformance is better, calculate the pulling capacity of anchor pole 3, otherwise gather again.
3), pulling capacity is calculated, after single anchor pole 3 rate signal collections finish, select one of them signal to carry out time-domain analysis, obtain anchor pole 3 free end length, simultaneously according to known anchor pole 3 length computation anchorage lengths, preceding 1～3 order frequency of this anchor pole 3 of Theoretical Calculation, and the prestressed anchor 3 vibrations intrinsic fundamental frequency of anchored end when being considered as propping up admittedly, the theoretical fundamental vibration frequency of determining prestressed anchor 3.Acquisition and analysis instrument 14 is provided with the pulling capacity computing module, the pulling capacity computing module carries out fast fourier transform to the vibration velocity signal and obtains power spectrum signal, and utilize extreme value theorem to determine 1～3 preceding order frequency of prestressed anchor 3 vibrations, compare with the theory of oscillation fundamental frequency of this prestressed anchor 3, prestressed anchor 3 fundamental vibration frequencies that obtain surveying are as the calculated rate value
f 0Vibration initial velocity and the collision coefficient that is comprehensively directly extracted by these anchor pole 3 vibration velocity signals then calculated the pulling capacity of this prestressed anchor 3 by the pulling capacity computing module in the signal sampler 14; The Mintrop wave crest peak value of tension waveform is
A d, by
v 0=
α*
A dDetermine the vibration initial velocity behind the vertical exciting of prestressed anchor, wherein
αBe the sensitivity coefficient of speed pickup 7,
tBe the mistiming of Mintrop wave on the waveform and resilience ripple.By formula h=g
t 2/ 8 calculate rebound height, and by formula
ε=h/
HCalculate the coefficient of resilience.Determine comprehensive
f 0,
v 0,
εAfter, click " pulling capacity calculating " button on the acquisition and analysis instrument 14, calculate automatically and demonstration anchor pole 3 pulling capacity detected values by acquisition and analysis instrument 14.
Claims (2)
1. anchor pole pulling capacity nondestructive power pick-up unit, it is characterized in that: it comprises anchor pole (3), anchor pole (3) is in anchoring body (2) is fixed on bolthole (4) on the country rock (1), anchor pole (3) exposed junction is provided with supporting plate (5), supporting plate (5) is fixed on the country rock (1) through set nut (6), the exposed junction of anchor pole (3) is provided with adapter sleeve (9), speed pickup (7) is arranged in the adapter sleeve (9), and speed pickup (7) connects signal gathering analysis meter (14) through signal transmssion line (8); The end of described adapter sleeve (9) is provided with the affixed cover of slide bar (10), and the affixed cover of slide bar (10) connects slide bar (11), and the afterbody of slide bar (11) is provided with bump seat (13), and slide bar (11) is gone up suit punching hammer (12).
2. anchor pole pulling capacity nondestructive power detection method is characterized in that its detection step comprises:
1), transient state definite value exciting: punching hammer (12) is with the actual relative movement to bump seat (13)
HAlong the downward free landing of slide bar (11), with bump seat (13) the generation elastic collision of slide bar (11) afterbody, thereby produce the longitudinal tension stress ripple in anchor pole (3) end, cause prestressed anchor (3) extensional vibration; Collision coefficient calculates according to punching hammer (12) collision back rebound height, and rebound height was calculated according to the mistiming of two exciting stress waves in the vibrational waveform;
2), signals collecting: speed pickup (7) is assemblied on the cover (9) that is threaded, speed pickup (7) is gathered punching hammer (12) and is clashed into the vibration velocity signal that elastic collision takes place seat (13), and this signal is sent to acquisition and analysis instrument (14) through signal transmssion line (8);
3), pulling capacity is calculated: acquisition and analysis instrument (14) is provided with the pulling capacity computing module, the pulling capacity computing module carries out fast fourier transform to the vibration velocity signal and obtains power spectrum signal, and utilize extreme value theorem to determine 1～3 preceding order frequency of prestressed anchor (3) vibration, compare with the theory of oscillation fundamental frequency of this prestressed anchor (3), the prestressed anchor that obtains surveying (3) fundamental vibration frequency is as the calculated rate value
f 0Vibration initial velocity and the collision coefficient that is comprehensively directly extracted by this anchor pole (3) vibration velocity signal calculates this prestressed anchor (3) pulling capacity by the pulling capacity computing module in the signal sampler (14) then; The Mintrop wave crest peak value of tension waveform is
A d, by
v 0=
α*
A dDetermine the vertically vibration initial velocity behind the exciting of prestressed anchor (3), wherein
αBe the sensitivity coefficient of speed pickup (7),
tFor the mistiming of Mintrop wave on the waveform and resilience ripple, by formula h=g
t 2/ 8 calculate rebound height, and by formula
ε=h/
HCalculate the coefficient of resilience; Determine comprehensive
f 0,
v 0,
εAfter, click " pulling capacity calculating " button on the acquisition and analysis instrument (14), calculate automatically and show anchor pole (3) pulling capacity detected value by acquisition and analysis instrument (14).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110187038 CN102279135B (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Lossless dynamic detection apparatus and method for anchor pile drawing force |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110187038 CN102279135B (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Lossless dynamic detection apparatus and method for anchor pile drawing force |
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| CN102279135A true CN102279135A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
| CN102279135B CN102279135B (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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| CN 201110187038 Expired - Fee Related CN102279135B (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2011-07-06 | Lossless dynamic detection apparatus and method for anchor pile drawing force |
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| CN102680327A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Detection method and detection station for tail deformation of anchor rod |
| WO2013143145A1 (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamics performance testing system |
| CN103868632A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-18 | 北京工业大学 | Non-contact anchor rod drawing force measuring method based on eddy current impedance method |
| CN104236837A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-24 | 尤洛卡（山东）深部地压防治安全技术有限公司 | Load impact experimental system and application method thereof |
| CN104569162A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 宁波升拓检测技术有限公司 | Single-impact type vibration excitation device applicable to nondestructive tests of long anchor rods/long anchor cables |
| CN103528949B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-07-01 | 闫楠 | Device for testing bonding strength between anchor rod anchoring body and weathered rock mass |
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| CN105067170A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for monitoring axial force of anchor rod by utilizing hammering acoustic method |
| CN105064415A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Jack fixing method for slope anchor pole drawing test |
| CN105911146A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-31 | 湖南科技大学 | Apparatus and method for monitoring surrounding rock state of anchorage zone |
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| CN107315016A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-03 | 湘潭大学 | It is a kind of to judge the device and method whether prestressed anchor or anchor cable fail |
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| WO2013143145A1 (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamics performance testing system |
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| CN102680327A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Detection method and detection station for tail deformation of anchor rod |
| CN102680327B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2014-03-12 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Detection method and detection station for tail deformation of anchor rod |
| CN103528949B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-07-01 | 闫楠 | Device for testing bonding strength between anchor rod anchoring body and weathered rock mass |
| CN103868632B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2016-04-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of contactless axis force of anchor measuring method based on eddy current impedance method |
| CN103868632A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-18 | 北京工业大学 | Non-contact anchor rod drawing force measuring method based on eddy current impedance method |
| CN104236837A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-24 | 尤洛卡（山东）深部地压防治安全技术有限公司 | Load impact experimental system and application method thereof |
| CN104569162A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 宁波升拓检测技术有限公司 | Single-impact type vibration excitation device applicable to nondestructive tests of long anchor rods/long anchor cables |
| CN104897566A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 安庆市德创机电产品设计有限公司 | Positioning detection device for combination degree between protective sleeve and terminal |
| CN105064415A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 重庆交通大学 | Jack fixing method for slope anchor pole drawing test |
| CN105067170A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for monitoring axial force of anchor rod by utilizing hammering acoustic method |
| CN105911146B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-07-16 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of monitoring device and method of anchorage zone state of surrounding rock |
| CN105911146A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-31 | 湖南科技大学 | Apparatus and method for monitoring surrounding rock state of anchorage zone |
| CN106950131A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-14 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Anchor structure steel beam working stress and the lossless detection method with beam unevenness |
| CN107315016A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-03 | 湘潭大学 | It is a kind of to judge the device and method whether prestressed anchor or anchor cable fail |
| CN108279176A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Impact force action lower bolt Research on Mechanical Properties device and its application method |
| CN108279176B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2023-08-01 | 湖南科技大学 | Anchor rod mechanical property research device under impact force and application method thereof |
| CN109932248A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of pilot system simulated chamber face under differently stress condition and excavate transient unloading |
| CN109708798A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 沙洲职业工学院 | A kind of stress wave excitation device for side slope anchor pole loading test |
| CN110186760A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-30 | 河北建筑工程学院 | A kind of soil property anchor rod drawing test method for considering to change confining pressure condition |
| CN111811850A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-23 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Anchor rod cable system cooperative bearing performance testing device and method |
| CN113515802A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-10-19 | 四川交达预应力工程检测科技有限公司 | Machine learning-based anchor critical value detection method and system and storage medium |
| CN114354406A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-15 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Standard penetration test device and method based on energy correction |
| CN114354406B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-11-28 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Standard penetration test device and method based on energy correction |
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