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CN101754585B - 导电线路的制作方法 - Google Patents

导电线路的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN101754585B
CN101754585B CN2008103057773A CN200810305777A CN101754585B CN 101754585 B CN101754585 B CN 101754585B CN 2008103057773 A CN2008103057773 A CN 2008103057773A CN 200810305777 A CN200810305777 A CN 200810305777A CN 101754585 B CN101754585 B CN 101754585B
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silver
circuit
conducting wire
printing
silver salt
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白耀文
林承贤
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Peng Ding Polytron Technologies Inc
Avary Holding Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Honsentech Co Ltd
Fukui Precision Component Shenzhen Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
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    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/20Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
    • C23C18/2006Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种导电线路的制作方法,其包括以下步骤:将包括银盐溶液和连接料的油墨通过喷墨打印方式在基板表面形成打印线路,所述连接料为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮或聚乙烯醇,所述连接料在所述油墨中质量百分含量为0.1%至30%,所述连接料用于在加热状态下还原银盐溶液中的银离子;加热所述打印线路,以使所述打印线路中银盐溶液的银离子还原为银粒子,从而获得预制线路;在所述预制线路的表面镀覆金属,以形成导电线路。采用上述方法,可以避免采用还原剂,简化了导电线路的制作工艺。

Description

导电线路的制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及喷墨印刷技术领域,特别涉及导电线路的制作方法。
背景技术
利用喷墨打印技术制作导电线路在近年来受到了广泛关注,此方法只需将所需打印线路直接由计算机给出,再通过控制器控制喷墨印刷系统的喷嘴,将油墨颗粒由喷嘴喷出并逐点地形成打印线路,制作打印线路能够精确控制线路的位置及宽度,该方法属非接触式数码图案制程,可减少不同印刷材料间相互污染。相比于传统的线路制作方法,具有制作流程更加简化、便宜及低污染的优点。请参见文献:Murata,K.;Matsumoto,J.;Tezuka,A.;Oyama,K.;Matsuba,Y.;Yokoyama,H.;Super fine wiring by inkjet printing O ct.27-29,2004 Page(s):24-25。
现有技术中报道了一种采用喷墨打印含有可溶性银盐的墨水制造导电线路的方法。该方法是将可溶性银离子溶液制成可喷墨打印的墨水,在基材表面打印出含有银离子线路,然后在该线路表面打印含有还原剂如甲醛的墨水,通过氧化-还原反应将银离子还原成为金属银,从而赋予线路以导电性。上述方法原理上比较简单,但实际操作并不容易,如需要大量的实验以配制氧化剂墨水和还原剂墨水;制作线路需要在基材表面同一位置反复打印,这样存在打印机的准确定位问题;另外,所形成的银线路在实际使用的过程中还存在银离子迁移,导致线路的可靠度下降。
发明内容
因此,有必要提供一种油墨利用该油墨制作导电线路的方法,以避免在基材表面的同一位置反复打印,使得制作的导电线路准确定位,并能够提升线路的可靠度。
以下将以实施例说明一种导电线路的制作方法。
一种导电线路的制作方法,其包括以下步骤:将包括银盐溶液和连接料的油墨通过喷墨打印方式在基板表面形成打印线路,所述连接料为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮或聚乙烯醇,所述连接料在所述油墨中质量百分含量为0.1%至30%,所述连接料用于在加热状态下还原银盐溶液中的银离子;加热所述打印线路,以使所述打印线路中银盐溶液的银离子还原为银粒子,从而获得预制线路;在所述预制线路的表面镀覆金属,以形成导电线路。
与现有技术相比,该导电线路的制作方法不要采用分别打印油墨和还原剂将油墨中银盐中的银离子还原为银粒子,简化了线路制作的工艺。
附图说明
图1是本技术方案实施例提供的基板的结构示意图。
图2是图1中基板形成打印线路的结构示意图。
图3是图1中基板形成预制线路的结构示意图。
图4是图1中基板形成导电线路的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本技术方案实施例提供的一种油墨及利用该油墨制作导电线路方法作进一步详细说明。
本实施例提供的一种导电线路的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步,请参阅图1及图2,将含有银盐溶液的油墨通过喷墨打印的方式印刷在基板100表面以形成打印线路200。
如图1所示,本实施例中,基板100为电路板制作过程中需要进行线路制作的板材,根据所要制作的电路板的结构可以选择不同结构、材料的基板100。例如,当待制作的电路板为单层板时,所述基板100包括一层树脂层;当待制作的电路板为多层电路板时,所述基板100包括多层导电层和多层绝缘层。本实施例中,基板100为需要制作单面线路的单层板。该基板100具有用于形成导电线路的表面110。当然,该基板100也可用于制作双面板,只要在基板100两个相对表面上均形成线路图形即可。
在基板100形成打印线路200之前,可通过清洗、微蚀等方法对基板110进行表面处理,以除去附着于表面110的污物、氧化物、油脂等,从而增加打印线路200与基板100表面110的结合强度。
如图2所示,分别在基板100的表面110通过喷墨印刷方式形成打印线路200。具体地,喷墨打印系统在控制器的控制下根据所需制作的导电线路的图形,将所述油墨自喷嘴逐点喷洒到表面110,使沉积在表面110的油墨形成打印线路200。该油墨形成的打印线路200与所需制作的导电线路的图形相同。
本实施例中,采用的油墨为银盐溶液,其包括银盐和溶剂。该银盐可以为硝酸银、硫酸银、碳酸银或其他可溶性银的有机盐,如醋酸银、柠檬酸银等。所述油墨中银盐的摩尔浓度可以为0.1mol/L至3mol/L。所述溶剂可以为水,也可以为水和水溶性有机溶剂的混合物,所述水溶性有机溶剂可以为乙醇、乙二醇醚或丙二醇等。在油墨的制备过程中还可向该油墨中加入表面活性剂、连接料、保湿剂、黏度调节剂或其它助剂,用以调节油墨的表面张力、粘度等性能,从而提高油墨与待打印或印刷物体表面的结合力。表面活性剂可为两性表面活性剂,其可以为1-羟乙基-1羧甲基-烷基咪唑啉,所述两性表面活性剂的质量百分比含量0.1%至5%。所述连接料具有还原性,用于在加热状态下还原银盐溶液中的银离子,其可为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮或聚乙烯醇等水溶性聚合物或其他水溶性树脂。优选地,所述连接料的质量百分比含量为0.1%至30%。当连接料的含量过高时,其会将油墨中由银离子转化的银粒子包裹起来,无法实现银粒子在后续镀覆工艺中的导电作用,还会使得油墨黏度大而无法进行打印。连接料的浓度较低时,油墨中银离子不能充分转化,转化的银粒子则无法有效的附着于基板的表面。因此,连接料的质量百分含量不能过高也不能过低。所述保湿剂为乙二醇醚或丙三醇等,保湿剂的质量百分含量为0.1%至80%。黏度调节剂质量百分含量为0.1%至10%,其可以为甲基纤维素或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等。
第二步:请一并参阅图2及图3,加热基板100,使所述打印线路200中的银盐中的银离子还原为金属银粒子,从而将打印线路200转变成预制线路300。
通过加热基板100,使表面110上打印线路200的银盐中的银离子与油墨中具有还原性的连接料发生氧化还原反应,从而使银离子以银的单质形式析出。并且通过使打印线路200中的油墨的其他成分固化,将析出的银单质粘附于基板100的表面110,从而在表面110上形成含有银单质的预制线路300。
所述加热过程可以采用烘箱烘烤等方式实现,加热的温度应在50摄氏度至250摄氏度之间,优选为50摄氏度至100摄氏度,以不损伤基板100。加热的时间应大于3分钟。烘烤基板100后,即可从烘箱取出基材100,并对基材100进行水洗烘干。实际操作中,可以根据实际情况的需要,对加热的温度和时间进行进行调节以使得银盐中有足够的银离子转化为银单质,以便在后续制程中形成连续的电路。另外,当基板100的材质为有机材料,如聚酰亚胺、聚酯等,加热温度过高会促进其老化,对于上述材质制成的基板100,加热温度不能高于基板100的材料的相转化温度。
第三步:请参阅图4,在预制线路300的表面镀覆金属,以形成导电线路500。
预制线路300由打印线路200中的水溶性银盐中的银离子转化的银粒子组成,由于上述的银粒子之间可能存在连续性较差的问题,使整个预制线路300可能无法达到良好的电性导通。
因此,如图4所示,在预制线路300的表面经过电镀或化学镀的方法镀覆金属层400,从而形成连续的导电线路500。所述镀覆金属可以为铜、镍或银等。
本实施例中,对包括金属银粒子的预制线路300进行化学镀铜,从而在基板100的表面110形成导电线路500。具体地,将形成预制线路300的基板100置于化学镀铜溶液中,在50摄氏度的温度下进行化学镀铜1.5分钟,即可使预制线路300形成完全电导通的导电线路500。该化学镀铜溶液可以包括铜化合物、还原剂与络合剂。铜化合物可为硫酸铜、氯化铜等;还原剂可为甲醛、乙醛酸等;络合剂可为乙烯二胺四乙酸二钠盐、酒石酸钾钠等络合物。当然,还可在化学镀铜溶液中加入稳定剂、光亮剂等,以满足化学镀的需要。具体地,该化学镀铜溶液的组分为:硫酸铜10g/L、酒石酸钾钠22g/L、乙烯二胺四乙酸二钠盐50g/L、甲醛15mL/L及甲醇10mL/L。其中,固体采用质量体积比,即,单位体积溶液中含该固体的质量,单位g/L;液体采用体积体积比,即,单位体积溶液中含该液体的体积,单位mL/L。
由此完成基板100的表面110具有较高导电性及均匀性的导电线路500的制作,以供后续加工使用。该制作方法采用含有水溶性银盐的油墨,其在常温避光的状态下可以稳定存在,这样避免了分别配制氧化性油墨和还原性油墨再分别进行打印的问题,在保证了线路质量的情况下,简化了线路制作的工艺。本制作方法中的油墨的主要成分易溶于水,不必考虑分散稳定的问题。本方法中不要要采用还原剂对银离子进行还原,采用加热的方式将银离子还原为银粒子,所需设备简单,而且方便进行控制。此外,镀覆金属提高了线路的导电性,并对银线路进行了保护,避免了银离子迁移的问题。
可以理解的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,可以根据本发明的技术构思做出其它各种相应的改变与变形,而所有这些改变与变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种导电线路的制作方法,其包括以下步骤:
将包括银盐溶液和连接料的油墨通过喷墨打印方式在基板表面形成打印线路,所述连接料为聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮或聚乙烯醇,所述连接料在所述油墨中质量百分含量为0.1%至30%,所述连接料用于在加热状态下还原银盐溶液中的银离子;
加热所述打印线路,以使所述打印线路中银盐溶液的银离子还原为银粒子,从而获得预制线路;
在所述预制线路的表面镀覆金属,以形成导电线路。
2.如权利要求1所述的导电线路的制作方法,其特征在于,所述油墨中银盐的浓度为0.1mol/L至3mol/L。
3.如权利要求1所述的导电线路的制作方法,其特征在于,所述银盐为硝酸银、硫酸银、醋酸银或柠檬酸银。
4.如权利要求1所述的导电线路的制作方法,其特征在于,所述银盐溶液的溶剂为水,或者为水与水溶性有机溶剂的混合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的导电线路的制作方法,其特征在于,所述油墨还包括保湿剂、黏度调节剂及两性表面活性剂,所述保湿剂为乙二醇醚或丙三醇,所述黏度调节剂为甲基纤维素或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,所述表面活性剂为1-羟乙基-1羧甲基-烷基咪唑啉。
6.如权利要求5所述的导电线路的制作方法,其特征在于,所述保湿剂的质量百分含量为0.1%至80%,所述黏度调节剂的质量百分含量为0.1%至10%,表面活性剂的质量百分含量为0.1%至5%。
7.如权利要求1所述的制作导电线路的方法,其特征在于,所述加热所述打印线路的温度为50摄氏度至250摄氏度。
8.如权利要求1所述的制作导电线路的方法,其特征在于,所述加热所述打印线路的温度为50摄氏度至100摄氏度。
9.如权利要求1所述的制作导电线路的方法,其特征在于,加热所述打印线路的加热时间大于3分钟。
10.如权利要求1所述的制作导电线路的方法,其特征在于,所述镀 覆金属为铜、镍或银。 
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