CN101445862B - Method for preparing metal-surface nano layer by friction and rolling - Google Patents
Method for preparing metal-surface nano layer by friction and rolling Download PDFInfo
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- CN101445862B CN101445862B CN2008102043862A CN200810204386A CN101445862B CN 101445862 B CN101445862 B CN 101445862B CN 2008102043862 A CN2008102043862 A CN 2008102043862A CN 200810204386 A CN200810204386 A CN 200810204386A CN 101445862 B CN101445862 B CN 101445862B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing metal-surface nano layer by friction and rolling, belonging to the technical field of metal materials engineering. The nano method is that: a crushing stress is applied on the surface of the metal materials by a bracket and a circular rigid rolling wheel; the surface of the metal materials is rolled and pressed by the rolling wheel driven by the bracket; the speed of the rolling wheel is controlled by the bracket; the moving speed of the bracket is different from the linear speed of a rolling face of the rolling wheel; the existed speed difference leads the metal surface to be affected by not only the crushing stress, but also a shearing stress, thus leading a violent plastic deformation to be incurred on the metal surface, causing grain refinement and finally realizing the nano treatment on the surface of the metal materials. The nano method has the characteristics of simple process, economical equipment, strong refining capacity, strong practicability and easy for industrial popularization. The nano method can be used for the nano-treatment on the surfaces of materials, such as pure metal, alloy, metallic matrix composite material, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of field of nanometer technology, especially a kind of friction and rolling method for making Nano of metal material surface.
Background technology
Nano structural material integrates excellent mechanical property and unique physicals, has caused the very big interest of numerous investigators and industry member.But the preparation of block nanometer structured material remains one of difficult problem of material educational circles, and the block nanometer material of manufacturing is difficult to carry out industrial application.And in actual applications, the inefficacy of metallic substance occurs in the surface of material mostly, and the structure properties on surface directly influences the comprehensive military service performance of engineering metal material.Therefore as long as on material, prepare certain thickness nanostructure top layer, promptly realize making Nano surface, just can improve the overall performance of material by surface structure and optimization in Properties,, prolong the work-ing life of material as fatigue resistance, erosion resistance and burnish resistance.
The method of existing making Nano surface of metal material mainly contains two classes, the first kind is top coat or depositing nanoization, promptly apply or deposit the rete that one deck itself has nanoscale and performance at metal material surface, major technique has: physical evaporation deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), sputter coating, plating and spraying etc.Because exist between coating and the matrix, the more weak shortcoming of bonding force between the coating particle, be easy to cause that the top layer peels off or come off.And have the big production cost height of facility investment, limited the industrial applications of these class methods.Second class is that mechanical surface grinds nanometer, promptly uses mechanical means to make the metallic surface produce violent viscous deformation, thus the refinement surface structure.Major technique has: methods such as high energy shot-peening, ultrasonic shot peening, roll extrusion.There is not tangible interface between the surface nanometer layer of this class methods preparation and the matrix, can not come off and separate, thereby significantly improve the material use properties.But still there are some limitation in these class methods, and are low as production efficiency, equipment is complicated, the more high shortcoming of cost, is difficult to carry out industrialization promotion.
Find Chinese invention patent " the surface rolling method for making Nano of mechanical component ", publication number CN1621197A, open day on June 1st, 2005 through literature search to prior art; Chinese invention patent " the hard rolling method of part ", publication number CN1119841A, open day is on April 3rd, 1996.These two patents all relate to a kind of finish rolling hardening method of piece surface.Promptly under certain loading condition, use roller in roll extrusion repeatedly on a direction or the both direction on the piece surface, make piece surface that violent viscous deformation take place, dislocation is constantly bred and is moved.Improve the hardness on metal material surface and more shallow top layer on the one hand, under material surface, produced residual compressive stress simultaneously; On the other hand also refinement the tissue on top layer.But the method for using all only is simple roll extrusion, and promptly material only is subjected to stress, does not have the effect of shear-stress, the structure refinement ability a little less than, be difficult to produce top layer nanometer effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of metal material surface friction and rolling method for making Nano is proposed, make it solve the shortcoming that exists in the background technology with simple technology and equipment, improve top layer nanometer ability and refinement efficient, make piece surface obtain excellent properties, improve service life, make this method for making Nano be easy to realize suitability for industrialized production simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the present invention adopts support and circular rigidity pair of rollers metal material surface to apply a stress P.Support drives roller roll extrusion on the metallic surface, the speed of roller is controlled by support, the speed that support moves is different with the linear velocity of roller rolling surface, the velocity contrast that exists makes the metallic surface not only be subjected to the effect that stress also is subjected to shear-stress, make metal material surface produce violent viscous deformation, cause grain refining, and finally realize making Nano surface of metal material.
Described support mode of motion is geneva motion, and described geneva motion is meant: support drive roller along directions X with fixed speed V
xTo-and-fro movement, after the roll extrusion of finishing directions X, support along with X-axis be 45 the degree, 60 the degree or 90 the degree the Y directions move certain displacement D, and then along directions X with fixed speed V
xRoll extrusion continues roll extrusion until covering whole metallic surface fully;
The displacement D of each Y direction is 0.2～1 times of roller widths during described geneva motion.
The linear velocity of described roller rolling surface is greater than or less than the translational speed of support, and the speed of roller is taked power wheel drive or friction catch.
Among the present invention, described support also need drive the roller rotation when moving, or gives quantitative frictional force of roller, makes its slow down rotation, i.e. linear velocity V of roller rolling surface
WheelBe not equal to support translational speed V
, have a velocity contrast V
Difference=| V
-V
Wheel|.Like this, in the roll extrusion process, when the pair of rollers metal material surface applies a stress P, produce a shearing force T.Make metal material surface produce violent shearing strain, cause the material surface grain refining, and finally realize the making Nano surface of metallic substance.For different metallic substance, it realizes the minimal pressure P and the velocity contrast V of making Nano surface
DifferenceBe different.In general, when other factors are identical, pressure P and velocity contrast V
DifferenceBig more, formation nanocrystalline thin more.After a certain amount of repeated friction roll extrusion, can obtain the metal surface of nanostructure.The metal nano layer that the present invention makes is a surfacing produced in situ nanometer rete, combines well with metallic matrix.
The diameter of described rigidity roller does not have certain requirement.Roller can be single wheel, also can be the roller set of a plurality of wheels.Roller widths does not have particular requirement.Main refinement factor is the velocity contrast between roller linear velocity and the support speed among the present invention, and roller is given the positive pressure P of metallic substance.For the positive pressure P difference of different material requires, but positive pressure P should be enough to make material surface to produce the viscous deformation of a trace.The displacement D of each Y direction should be 0.2～1 times of roller widths during geneva motion.During movement continuously, support is that 45～90 ° directions X and Y direction moved simultaneously along angle.Velocity contrast between roller linear velocity and the support speed does not have certain requirement, general V
WheelSpan is 0.5～1.5V
The present invention makes metal material surface produce acutely viscous deformation fast by shearing force and the stress that friction and rolling produces.Can improve the efficient and the ability of metal-surface nanoization greatly.Complete assembly is simple in structure, and handling ease is practical, is easy to popularize.The making Nano surface that can be used for materials such as pure metal, alloy, metal-base composites.The present invention has that grain refining capability is strong, efficient is high, easy to operate, simple in structure, practical, the advantage that is easy to popularize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment of the invention synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is an orthographic plan shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the equipment that relates in the present embodiment comprises that the support 1 that is fixed on the knurling machine and radius are that 20mm is wide and are the roller 2 of 10mm, and metallic substance is a magnesium alloy plate 3.Roller 2 is installed on the support 1, and by being pressed on the magnesium alloy plate 3.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the equipment that relates in the present embodiment comprises that the support 1 that is fixed on the knurling machine and radius are that 30mm is wide and are the roller 2 of 15mm, and metallic substance is an aluminium alloy plate 3.Roller 2 is installed on the support 1, and by being pressed on the magnesium alloy plate 3.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the equipment that relates in the present embodiment comprises that the support 1 that is fixed on the knurling machine and radius are that 20mm is wide and are the roller 2 of 10mm, and metallic substance is a magnesium alloy plate 3.Roller 2 is installed on the support 1, and by being pressed on the magnesium alloy plate 3.
Embodiment 4
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the equipment that relates in the present embodiment comprises that the support 1 that is fixed on the knurling machine and radius are that 20mm is wide and are the roller 2 of 10mm, and metallic substance is a magnesium alloy plate 3.Roller 2 is installed on the support 1, and by being pressed on the magnesium alloy plate 3.
Claims (1)
1. magnesium alloy plate surface friction roll extrusion method for making Nano, it is characterized in that: adopt support and circular rigidity pair of rollers magnesium alloy plate surface to apply a stress, support drives roller roll extrusion on the metallic surface, the speed of roller is controlled by support, the speed that support moves is different with the linear velocity of roller rolling surface, the velocity contrast that exists makes the metallic surface be subjected to the effect of stress and shear-stress simultaneously, make the magnesium alloy plate surface produce viscous deformation, finally realize the magnesium alloy plate making Nano surface;
Described support mode of motion is geneva motion, and described geneva motion is meant: support drive roller along directions X with fixed speed V
x=100mm/ to-and-fro movement second, after the roll extrusion of finishing directions X, support along with X-axis be 45 the degree, 60 the degree or 90 the degree the Y directions move certain displacement D, and then along directions X with fixed speed V
xRoll extrusion continues roll extrusion until covering whole metallic surface fully;
The displacement D of each Y direction is 0.2～1 times of roller widths during described geneva motion;
Velocity contrast between the speed that the linear velocity of described roller rolling surface and support move is 0.5V
Described velocity contrast V
Difference=| V
-V
Wheel|, wherein: V
WheelBe the linear velocity of roller rolling surface, V
Be the support translational speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102043862A CN101445862B (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Method for preparing metal-surface nano layer by friction and rolling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102043862A CN101445862B (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Method for preparing metal-surface nano layer by friction and rolling |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101445862A CN101445862A (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| CN101445862B true CN101445862B (en) | 2011-03-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102043862A Expired - Fee Related CN101445862B (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2008-12-11 | Method for preparing metal-surface nano layer by friction and rolling |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT104076A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2009-11-30 | Univ Aveiro | GRAIN REFINING PROCESS OF METAL ELEMENTS BY AMENDMENT OF THE CARGO TRAJECTORY |
| RU2443537C2 (en) * | 2010-05-11 | 2012-02-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Архангельский государственный технический университет" ("АГТУ") | Method of cutting tool hardening by nanostructuring |
| CN102127772A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2011-07-20 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Rapid and low-temperature nitrided surface treatment process for axle part |
| CN102636429B (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2014-01-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Friction control method of magnetic micro-nano texture surface and device |
| CN102816912B (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-06-11 | 燕山大学 | Method for preparing gradient nano-structure on surface of metal material |
| CN103305671B (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2015-04-29 | 西安交通大学 | Method for performing gradient nano-crystallization on surface of metal |
| CN105177340B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2018-10-16 | 周大福珠宝金行有限公司 | microalloyed gold |
| CN105369024B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2018-04-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of method for producing gradient nano structure on martensite steel surface |
| CN105057972A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 苏州市鑫渭阀门有限公司 | Valve element surface high-frequency pulse extrusion process |
| CN105238916B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-05-17 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device and method for treating surface layer of metal material through plastic deformation |
| CN111719100B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-08-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Magnesium alloy surface toughening treatment process method and device thereof |
| CN111705188A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 燕山大学 | Preparation method of surface in-situ nanocrystallized bainitic steel resistant to hydrogen permeation |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI L-S LIGHT ALLOY PRODUCTS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY Effective date: 20130528 |
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