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CN100436931C - 用于高压复合容器的高气密性金属喷嘴座 - Google Patents

用于高压复合容器的高气密性金属喷嘴座 Download PDF

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CN100436931C
CN100436931C CNB2004800423759A CN200480042375A CN100436931C CN 100436931 C CN100436931 C CN 100436931C CN B2004800423759 A CNB2004800423759 A CN B2004800423759A CN 200480042375 A CN200480042375 A CN 200480042375A CN 100436931 C CN100436931 C CN 100436931C
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seal ring
seat
metallic nozzle
nozzle seat
plastic bushing
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CN1926376A (zh
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李仲熙
柳季亨
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Nisshin composite materials KK
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
    • A47J37/06—Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
    • A47J37/0611—Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills the food being cooked between two heating plates, e.g. waffle-irons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
    • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
    • F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/036—Avoiding leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有密封装置的金属喷嘴座，所述金属喷嘴座具有高度提高的紧密性并与用作高压容器的复合容器的塑料衬套相结合。金属喷嘴座在塑料衬套中采用弹性密封环和紧固件，使得喷嘴座可靠地对喷嘴座和衬套的接合处进行密封并防止气体从容器中泄漏。喷嘴座的叶片部具有燕尾形锁定槽，在锁定槽中形成锁定脊。因此，当通过将熔融树脂注入锁定槽内而生产塑料衬套时，塑料衬套牢固地与金属喷嘴座相结合。具有金属喷嘴座的复合容器可被用作天然气车辆的燃料箱或燃料电池车辆的氢气箱。

Description

用于高压复合容器的高气密性金属喷嘴座
技术领域
本发明涉及一种与优选用作高压容器的复合容器(compositevessel)的塑料衬套相结合的金属喷嘴座(nozzle boss)。
背景技术
近年来，为了生产优选用作天然气车辆的燃料箱或燃料电池车辆的氢气箱的高压复合容器，必须首先采用聚合树脂例如HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)成形塑料衬套。此后，绕塑料衬套缠绕用热固性聚合树脂例如环氧树脂浸渍的碳化纤维或玻璃纤维，由此提供轻型高压复合容器。在生产轻型高压复合容器的工艺过程中，金属喷嘴座被插入塑料衬套的端部并且与衬套端部相结合，使得调节器或阀可以通过喷嘴座连接在高压容器的端部。
在相关技术中，已经提出并采用包括金属衬套和用热固性聚合树脂浸渍并绕金属衬套缠绕的碳化纤维或玻璃纤维的重型高压复合容器。但是，近年来，为了生产可以减少将气体注入高压容器内所需时间的轻型高压容器，通过注射模塑或旋转模塑成形高密度聚乙烯塑料衬套，并且此后绕塑料衬套缠绕用环氧树脂或聚脂树脂浸渍的碳化纤维或玻璃纤维，由此提供轻型高压容器。常规的具有金属衬套的复合容器存在的问题是容器较重、容易腐蚀并且增加了生产成本。然而，具有塑料衬套的复合容器的有利之处是容器较轻并且可以有效地抵制由气体反复注入容器内而产生的腐蚀和疲劳，以及减少将气体注入容器内所需的时间。因此，近年来，已经积极地研究并提出了多种具有塑料衬套的复合容器。然而，这些采用塑料衬套的复合容器存在的问题是塑料衬套和金属喷嘴座之间接合处的粘合强度降低。为了解决上述粘合强度降低的问题，早期公开号为2003-0041002(早期公开日期：2003年5月23日)的韩国专利中披露了一种使金属喷嘴座与塑料衬套牢固结合的方法，该方法通过在金属喷嘴座的预定表面上提供微细粗糙表面并通过采用等离子体处理喷嘴座的粗糙表面并通过在等离子体处理的粗糙表面上涂敷热固性粘合剂，此后通过形成与注射模塑工艺制成的金属喷嘴座相结合的塑料衬套来完成，在所述注射模塑工艺中金属喷嘴座被加热并被插入模具空腔内并在将树脂注入空腔内之前被放置在空腔内的预定位置上。
此外，当在复合容器中采用金属衬套时，金属衬套与金属喷嘴座结合，使得气体不会通过金属衬套和金属喷嘴座之间的接合处泄漏。但是，当在复合容器上采用塑料衬套时，由于接合处的层离，气体可以通过金属衬套和金属喷嘴座之间的接合处泄漏。常规复合容器的金属衬套和金属喷嘴座之间接合处的层离是由塑料衬套的低表面能或由塑料衬套材料的弹性降低引起的，塑料衬套材料的弹性降低是由于长期地将气体反复注入容器内产生的。在现有技术中，为了防止气体通过常规复合容器的塑料衬套和金属喷嘴座之间的接合处泄漏，该接合处可以经过化学处理或可以涂敷有粘合剂，或者金属喷嘴座可以在外形上被构造成使得喷嘴座与塑料衬套牢固结合。
公开号为10-0247116(登记日期：1999年12月9日)的韩国专利披露了一种采用塑料紧固件使复合容器的金属喷嘴座与塑料衬套相结合的方法。但是，上述方法需要在喷嘴座下面的位置将塑料紧固件定位在塑料衬套中并在紧固件和塑料衬套之间的接合处形成薄弱结构这一困难的工艺，由此导致气体通过紧固件和塑料衬套的薄弱接合处泄漏。
此外，当复合容器一直被长期反复使用时，金属喷嘴座和塑料衬套之间的接合处会层离，使得气体可以通过层离的接合处泄漏。因此，一直需要提供一种用于高压复合容器的喷嘴座，即使在容器一直被长期反复使用之后所述喷嘴座也可以防止气体通过喷嘴座和塑料衬套之间的接合处泄漏。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种插入复合容器的塑料衬套内并与其相结合的金属喷嘴座，所述金属喷嘴座被构造成使得喷嘴座可以防止气体通过金属喷嘴座和塑料衬套之间的接合处泄漏。
本发明的金属喷嘴座采用由弹性材料例如橡胶或硅树脂制成的密封环和在复合容器的塑料衬套中的管状紧固件，使得即使在复合容器一直被长期反复使用之后气体也不会通过喷嘴座和衬套之间的接合处泄漏。
发明人在对采用通常的金属喷嘴座制成的常规复合容器和本发明的复合容器进行反复压力测试之后完成了本发明，其中本发明的复合容器的金属喷嘴座具有采用密封环和管状紧固件的密封装置。上述压力测试表明具有带密封装置的金属喷嘴座的复合容器即使在容器一直被长期反复使用之后也不会使气体从容器中泄漏。
附图说明
图1是示出气体通过常规复合容器的金属喷嘴座和塑料衬套之间的接合处泄漏的视图；
图2是示出根据本发明的具有与塑料衬套相结合的金属喷嘴座的塑料衬套的剖视图；
图3是示出设置在图2所示的塑料衬套和金属喷嘴座接合处的密封装置的放大视图；
图4是根据本发明的其上设有密封装置的金属喷嘴座的一部分的透视图；
图5是紧固在根据本发明的金属喷嘴座的密封装置上的管状紧固件的透视图；
图6是表示根据本发明另一实施方式的具有分别安装在衬套突起和密封环安装部上的密封环的密封装置的剖视图；
图7是具有根据本发明的金属喷嘴座的复合容器的剖视图；以及
图8是相比较地表示具有根据本发明的金属喷嘴座的复合容器的使用寿命与具有常规金属喷嘴座的复合容器相比的曲线图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种与优选用作高压容器的复合容器的塑料衬套相结合的金属喷嘴座，更具体地涉及一种具有密封装置以提高金属喷嘴座和塑料衬套之间接合处的紧密性的金属喷嘴座。
图1是示出常规复合容器的喷嘴座周围的一部分的示意图。该视图表示通过常规复合容器的金属喷嘴座1和塑料衬套2之间层离的接合处3的气体泄漏4。在图1中，箭头“→”表示气体泄漏方向。通常，塑料产品的表面具有低表面能，使得塑料表面的具有减小的粘着力和减小的润湿力。特别是，塑料表面相对于金属表面的粘着力非常低，并且当熔融树脂遇到金属表面时，塑料表面相对于金属表面的粘着力进一步被降低。因此，为了解决这一问题，金属表面可以经过化学处理以提高其粘着力，或者金属表面可以被适当地构造成使得金属表面在外形上(physically)牢固地与塑料表面相结合。然而，上述金属表面的化学处理或外形构造不能防止由金属表面和塑料表面之间接合处的层离所导致的气体从容器中的泄漏，所述接合处的层离是由于长期反复地将气体注入容器内所产生的。因此，需要提供一种用于减轻接合处层离的附加装置。
根据本发明的金属喷嘴座包括为了防止气体通过常规复合容器的喷嘴座和塑料衬套之间的接合处泄漏而采用密封环和紧固件的密封装置。详细描述，如图2所示，本发明的金属喷嘴座包括具有在其中心的垂直通孔7和在垂直通孔7的内圆周表面的上部形成的内螺纹8的圆柱形喷嘴头部6，以及绕喷嘴头部6下端的外侧边缘向外突出的盘形喷嘴叶片部9。金属喷嘴座还包括设置在通孔7内圆周表面下部的密封装置12。
图3是示出密封装置12的放大视图。密封装置12包括将密封环24固定在其上的密封环安装部13、与紧固件17啮合的外部紧固螺纹15、以及向紧固件17施加预定的恒定压力由此提供所需的密封作用的紧固台肩14。密封安装部13是设置在多级支承边缘16上的环状表面。密封环24被装配在密封环安装部13上并被紧固件17压缩，由此对金属喷嘴座1和塑料衬套2之间的接合处进行密封。在上述状态下，装配在密封环安装部13上的密封环24被紧固件17压缩，由此在紧固件17的凹陷的密封环座21上变形并与喷嘴座1和衬套2之间的接合处紧密接触。由此，密封环24封闭气体泄漏通道。
由密封装置12的紧固件17提供的密封作用按如下方式被实现。在紧固件17开始与外部紧固螺纹15啮合之后，紧固件17被旋转以沿密封装置12向上移动直至紧固件17压缩密封环24。在上述状态下，紧固件17被旋转并沿外部紧固螺纹15向上移动，此后与螺纹15脱开，使得紧固件17绕紧固台肩14定位。当紧固件17绕紧固台肩14定位时，紧固件17利用预定的恒定作用力压缩密封环24，使得被压缩的密封环24在紧固件17凹陷的密封环座21上变形并与喷嘴座1和衬套2之间的接合处紧密接触。因此，被压缩的密封环24对气体可以从容器中泄漏的气体泄漏通道进行封闭，由此提高了塑料衬套2的紧密性。
紧固台肩14被设置在密封环安装部13和外部紧固螺纹15之间并具有与密封环安装部13的表面相似的圆柱形表面。紧固台肩14的直径等于或小于密封环安装部13的直径，并且等于或小于外部紧固螺纹15的根部直径。由于紧固台肩14的上述尺寸，紧固台肩14可以与外部紧固螺纹15配合并且使紧固件17可以向密封环24施加预定的压缩力。换句话说，紧固台肩14通过待压缩的密封环24的应变机械加工而成，使得紧固件17与紧固台肩14和外部紧固螺纹15一起向密封环24施加预定的压缩力而不需要单独的工具。详细描述，当密封环24被紧固件17压缩时，紧固件17用于密封环24的压缩力由密封环24的材料和应变决定。如果紧固件17在不变的预定位置上反复与外部紧固螺纹15脱开，压缩密封环24的压缩应变变得恒定，使得紧固件17可以向密封环24施加恒定的压缩力。因此，可以在不采用单独工具例如转矩扳手的情况下有力地紧固紧固件17。此外，因为紧固台肩14使容器的内压力可以平均地作用在密封环24的内部和外部，因此可以防止密封环24偏压在一个方向上。
图4是本发明的金属喷嘴座的放大透视图。如图所示，盘形喷嘴叶片部9的上倾斜表面18和下倾斜表面19中的每一个都具有锁定槽10，锁定槽10具有燕尾形横截面和多个锁定脊11。详细描述，锁定脊11形成在燕尾形锁定槽10的倾斜表面上。此后，熔融的塑性树脂被注入到具有锁定脊11的锁定槽10内并在槽10内硬化。因此，金属喷嘴座1和塑料衬套2之间的接触表面增加并且使金属喷嘴座1可以与塑料衬套2牢固地相结合。此外，在气体被注入复合容器内的同时，喷嘴座1使作用在喷嘴座1和塑料衬套2之间的接合表面上的载荷方向分散，因此使金属喷嘴座1和塑料衬套2之间的接合表面的层离降至最小。
如图6所示，可以根据密封环安装部13的形状和位置以不同的方式实现本发明的密封装置。图6表示绕金属喷嘴座1的多级支承边缘16形成衬套突起20的实施方式。在该实施方式中，密封装置12包括分别安装在衬套突起20和喷嘴座1的密封环安装部13上的两个密封环24，使得密封环24更有效地封闭容器的气体泄漏通道。
本发明的密封环24可以具有圆形或多边形横截面并且可以由橡胶、硅树脂或软质塑料制成。
图7是具有根据本发明的金属喷嘴座的复合容器的剖视图。如图所示，为了生产本发明的复合容器，采用切削机器对金属喷嘴座1进行机加工。此后，对插入在注射模具空腔内通过机加工制成的喷嘴座1执行嵌入注射模塑工艺，以形成圆顶22。在已经形成圆顶22之后，包括密封环24和紧固件17的密封装置被安装在圆顶22的预定位置，使得圆顶22的紧密性得到提高。此外，通过挤压工艺生产圆柱部分23，此后执行切削工艺以提供所需尺寸的圆柱部分。两个圆顶22通过热焊接工艺与圆柱部分23的相对端部结合成一体，由此提供在细丝缠绕工艺中被用作芯的衬套。在制成衬套之后，绕衬套缠绕用环氧树脂浸渍的碳化纤维并且所述碳化纤维被硬化以形成复合层5，由此制成所需的高压复合容器
压力测试表明具有在本发明中提出的金属喷嘴座1的高压复合容器解决了气体会通过金属喷嘴座1和塑料衬套2之间的接合处泄漏的常规高压复合容器存在的问题，即使本发明的高压复合容器长期在塑料衬套2内反复填充气体。图8是根据ISO11439在室温下重复进行的压力测试的曲线图。在于室温下重复进行的压力测试过程中，在复合容器内充满水，此后反复向容器施加20巴-260巴的压力。在压力测试之后，对经过压力测试的容器执行气体泄漏测试，由此确定是否有气体从容器中泄漏。此后，测试复合容器的使用寿命。如图8所示，在容器被反复加压48800次之后，具有设有根据本发明的密封装置的金属喷嘴座的复合容器泄漏气体。这意味着本发明复合容器的使用寿命增加到具有常规金属喷嘴座的复合容器的使用寿命的2.8倍。因此，本发明通过以上述方式提高复合容器的紧密性而提供期望使用寿命与常规复合容器相比提高两倍或多倍的复合容器。
有利的效果
本发明在高压复合容器中采用高度气密性金属喷嘴座，使得即使在容器一直被长期反复使用之后，本发明也可以防止气体通过塑料衬套和金属喷嘴座之间的接合处从容器中泄漏。此外，即使容器反复经受例如通过反复将气体注入容器内引起的疲劳载荷，本发明的复合容器也可以保持所需的紧密性，从而本发明提供了一种具有高使用寿命和高紧密性的复合容器。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于高压复合容器的金属喷嘴座，所述金属喷嘴座与高压复合容器的塑料衬套(2)相结合并包括：具有垂直通孔(7)和形成在该垂直通孔(7)的内圆周表面上部的内螺纹(8)的圆柱形喷嘴头部(6)、绕喷嘴头部(6)下端的外侧边缘向外突出的盘形喷嘴叶片部(9)、以及分别设置在喷嘴叶片部(9)的上表面和下表面上的上倾斜表面(18)和下倾斜表面(19)，所述金属喷嘴座(1)包括：
密封环安装部(13)，其在下倾斜表面(19)下方位置处凹入从喷嘴座(1)的外圆周表面向上并向外突出的多级支承边缘(16)的下表面内；
密封装置(12)，其从密封环安装部(13)向下延伸并具有绕密封装置的外圆周表面的下部形成的外部紧固螺纹(15)以及在外部紧固螺纹(15)的上端和密封环安装部(13)之间形成的紧固台肩(14)，紧固台肩(14)的直径等于外部紧固螺纹(15)的根部直径；
管状紧固件(17)，其具有内部紧固螺纹并与密封装置(12)的外部紧固螺纹(15)啮合，使得紧固件(17)的上表面与塑料衬套(2)的内表面接触，凹陷的密封环座(21)在与金属喷嘴座(1)和塑料衬套(2)之间的接合处相应的位置处设置在紧固件(17)的上表面上；以及
密封环(24)，其座在紧固件(17)的密封环座(21)中，使得密封环(24)的下表面与密封环座(21)紧密接触，并且密封环的第一表面与金属喷嘴座(1)的密封环安装部(13)紧密接触，密封环的第二表面与塑料衬套(2)接触。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于高压复合容器的金属喷嘴座，其特征在于，绕喷嘴头部(6)下端的外侧边缘向外突出的盘形喷嘴叶片部(9)的上倾斜表面(18)和下倾斜表面(19)中的每一个都具有锁定槽(10)，锁定槽(10)具有燕尾形横截面，多个锁定脊(11)形成在锁定槽(10)的倾斜表面上。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于高压复合容器的金属喷嘴座，其特征在于，密封环(24)具有圆形或多边形横截面并由橡胶、硅树脂或软质塑料制成。
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