A kind of lysostaphin freeze dried powder that is used to prevent and treat cattle endometritis
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lyophilizing biological preparation, be specifically related to lysostaphin freeze dried powder
Background technology
Endometritis is one of commonly encountered diseases of milch cow, and milch cow puerperal endometritis is taken place and can cause involution of uterus time lengthening, makes the estrus cycle disorder.Inflammatory exudate can change the acid-base value of intrauterine environment, is unfavorable for the existence of sperm and ovum, and conception rate is descended, cause infertile, but long-time stimulus uterus inwall sensor also simultaneously by reflection, makes the hormonal regulation imbalance, causes ovarian disease.But secondary mastitis also in addition, laminitis etc.
The sickness rate of cow endometritis is between 15-20%, and wherein majority betides puerperal.In Britain, barrenness of milk cow has 95% to be caused by endometritis, and the loss that the U.S. brings because of infertility is also up to 2.5 hundred million dollars.The pathogen that causes endometritis is more, mainly contains staphylococcus, streptococcus and escherichia coli etc.Treat endometritis at present in the world and all use antibiotic, but there are many unfavorable factors in antibiotic therapy.Make antibacterial produce drug resistance easily as (1); (2) the single medicine antimicrobial spectrum is wideless; (3) cause antibiotic remains easily; (4) other side effect.Because antibiotic a large amount of uses, Resistant strain constantly occurs in recent years, and especially staphylococcus aureus produces drug resistance to multiple antibiotic, and drug resistance is obvious ascendant trend, is difficult to treatment.American-European countries just dropped into the alternative antibiotic medicine of a large amount of human and material resources researchs but does not still have definite result so far before more than 40 years.
The traditional Chinese medical science, traditional Chinese veterinary medicine are used the disease that natural drug (Chinese herbal medicine) is treated the human and animal, now are described as natural medical science.As CN1302634A (medicine of treatment inflammation of uterus), but because the drug action of Chinese medicine is slow, so that state of an illness protracted course of disease, or outbreak repeatedly, thereby clinical result of use and bad.
US 4692452 (Method for treatment of endometritis in mammalian females), reported the endometritis for the treatment of animal (especially milch cow) with chemicals, but chemicals often has zest to endometrium, can cause the endometrium fibrosis, so that the formation cicatrix, be unfavorable for milch cow further breeding become pregnant.
Summary of the invention
One of technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide the lysostaphin freeze dried powder of a kind of prevention and treatment cattle endometritis, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Two of the technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide the preparation method of this kind lysostaphin freeze dried powder.
Inventive concept of the present invention is such:
Staphylococcus lysozyme is a kind of bacteriolysin of gram positive bacteria.The aminoacid of forming the tetrapeptide side chain of such gram positive bacteria (for example staphylococcus aureus) whole cell peptidoglycan, be followed successively by the L-alanine, D-glutamic acid, L-lysine, the D-alanine: and the first L-alanine links to each other with 3-O-.alpha.-carboxyethyl-D-glucosamine. by an amido link, the L-lysine that this polysaccharide chains tetrapeptide side chain is the 3rd is attached on the adjacent polysaccharide chains tetrapeptide side chain D-alanine carboxyl by pentapeptide (five glycine) cross-bridge.Intersect in length and breadth thus, about connect and constitute very tough and tensile 3 D stereo loose structure, and aggregate into thicker Peptidoglycan layer.
Staphylococcus lysozyme can cut off the GIy-GIy key in the Peptidoglycan, because the sterilization mechanism of staphylococcus lysozyme uniqueness makes it be different from general antibiotic.Antibiotic effect generally is a bacteria growing inhibiting, impels the R-plasmid of Production by Bacteria tissue regeneration promoting or the effect that new enzyme stops antibiotics.This enzyme then is rapid cracking antibacterial killing bacteria, and action time is short, and antibacterial is not easy to produce drug resistance, and bactericidal effect is good simultaneously, and the staphylococcus aureus of methicillin-resistance (MRSA) is had stronger sterilizing ability equally.
1991, the bovine mastitis that the usefulness dissolving staphylococcal bacteria enzyme treatment drug resistance staphylococcus aureuses such as Oldham ER of Agricultural Research Institute of Princeton Cyanamid company cause proved that staphylococcus lysozyme is for this sick effectiveness of treatment.They studied again and caused intravital immunoreation when dissolving staphylococcal bacteria enzyme treatment bovine mastitis is recombinated in local use next year, think that the reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme is effective and safe as injection in the body, and the proposition staphylococcus lysozyme can substitute traditional antibiotic.
Therefore, our company is on the basis of studying staphylococcus lysozyme for many years, characteristics according to cattle endometritis, developed the reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme freeze-dried powder preparation that is used to prevent and treat endometritis, the bactericidal effect that can overcome the prior art existence is undesirable, particularly to the unfavorable defective of drug resistance staphylococcus aureus bactericidal effect, simultaneously, also can overcome antibacterial and easily produce drug resistance, easily produce drug accumulation and residual, the state of an illness is easily shown effect repeatedly and is influenced the follow-up problem of becoming pregnant and breeding.
Simultaneously, we find staphylococcus lysozyme when solution state or having in the presence of a large amount of free waters, and this enzyme stability is relatively poor, are difficult to steady in a long-term the preservation.On the contrary, if can long preservation and do not lose biological activity with sealing low temperature after this enzyme lyophilization, therefore, we select this enzyme be freeze-dried formulation, and this also is a biological technology products dosage form commonly used.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The invention provides a kind lysostaphin freeze dried powder, composition and weight percentage are: staphylococcus lysozyme 0.1%~10%; Bovine serum albumin 0.1%~20%; Glycine 1%~50%; Mannitol 0.1%~20; Phosphate 1%~50%.
The wherein said phosphate that reaches is potassium dihydrogen phosphate and/or sodium hydrogen phosphate.
A kind of lysostaphin freeze dried powder, its composition and weight percentage are: staphylococcus lysozyme 0.1%~10%; Bovine serum albumin 0.1%~20%; Glycine 1%~50%; Mannitol 0.1%~20; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1%~30%; Sodium hydrogen phosphate 1%~50%.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of lysostaphin freeze dried powder, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) takes by weighing solid phosphate, preparation phosphate buffer A;
(2) take by weighing glycine, mannitol, measure bovine serum albumin, add in the solution A of part, dissolving obtains solution B;
(3) measure staphylococcus lysozyme stock solution, be added in the solution B, add solution A, obtain the semi-finished product solution of staphylococcus lysozyme to final volume;
(4) sterile working with the staphylococcus lysozyme semi-finished product solution that the positive press filtration of microporous filter membrane has prepared, is stored in 2~8 ℃;
(5) microfiltration is intact solution branch installs in the container, adds half plug simultaneously, lyophilizing.
Lysostaphin freeze dried powder disclosed by the invention has following characteristics:
1, bactericidal effect is strong.Said preparation has very strong bactericidal action to gram positive bacteria especially staphylococcus aureus.The experiment in vitro effect can reach 99.9% sterilizing rate in 5 minutes, if act on 10 minutes even 20 minutes, can make sterilizing rate reach 100%, saw Table 1.
2, stability is strong.This product 4~8 ℃ of cryopreservation 6 months under lyophilised state, 25 ℃ of room temperature were preserved 6 months, and biological activity not have change substantially.This product can be preserved 2 years at 4~8 ℃.After this product adds the solvent dissolving, can deposit January and biological activity does not descend.
3, the present invention is pure biological preparation, has overcome traditional chemical class preparation uterine mucosa is had zest, and antibacterial is easy to generate chemical sproof shortcoming.Easily accepted by body, and without any toxic and side effects.
4, this preparation adopts the mode of local application, and it is fast that systemic treatment commonly used has therapeutical effect, the characteristics that toxic and side effects is little, and easy to use, be easy to be accepted by veterinary and milch cow.
5, preparation of the present invention not only can be used for preventing and treating the endometritis of milch cow, can also be used to prevent and treat the bacterial infection disease such as vaginitis, foot and mouth disease, stomatitis, skin ulcer, skin injury, systemic infection, inflammation of external auditory canal of milch cow or other animals.
The killing effect of table 1 pair staphylococcus aureus
Annotate: the stock solution enzyme concentration is 400u/ml;
Average bacterium number of positive controls and scope are 7.25 * 105cfu/ sheet (7.15-7.35 * 105cfu/ sheet);
Negative control group: nertralizer, PBS, culture medium do not have bacterial growth.
It is anxious that staphylococcus lysozyme disclosed by the invention can be used for treating milch cow, chronic endometritis; Milch cow purifies the uterus puerperal, prevents or reduce the generation of inflammation, can promote the Uterine mucosa reparation, strengthens uterine contraction, diminishes inflammation, and strengthens self-purification capacity, improves intrauterine environment, quickens the reparation in uterus in puerperal, helps endocrine coordination, improves conception rate.
During clinical use, every bottle of medicine dissolution in 250ml sterile distilled water or sterile purified water, is looked state of an illness weight, each uterus perfusion 100-250ml is every perfusion in 3 days 1 time.
The specific embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1 staphylococcus lysozyme lyophilized powder
1, composition and proportioning
Staphylococcus lysozyme 0.4%; Bovine serum albumin 10%; Glycine 30%; Mannitol 10%; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15%; Sodium hydrogen phosphate 30%.
2, preparation semi-finished product
Take by weighing solid K H
2PO
4And Na
2HPO
4.12H
2O, preparation 0.2mol/L phosphate buffer A (pH value 6.5 phosphate buffers, concentration are 0.2M).According to preparation prescription, take by weighing required glycine, mannitol, measure volume required bovine serum albumin, join in the part A solution, stir and make dissolving, obtain solution B.Measure reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme stock solution, be added in the solution B, making the dissolving staphylococcal bacteria enzyme bioactivity of recombinating in the final solution is 400U/ml, adds A solution to final volume, and what obtained this moment is the semi-finished product solution of reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme.
3, microfiltration degerming
The sterile working is the reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme semi-finished product solution that the positive press filtration of microporous filter membrane (PALL company) of 0.22um has prepared with the aperture, is stored in 2~8 ℃.
4, packing
The semi-finished product solution branch capacity of installing to microfiltration is intact with liquid-filling machine is in the control cillin bottle of 15ml, and every bottle of packing solution 1.0 ± 0.1ml adds half plug simultaneously.
5, lyophilizing
After packing finishes, cillin bottle is sent into freezer dryer carry out lyophilizing.Freeze-drying process is divided into pre-freeze stage, dry stage of trunk, final drying stage.
Embodiment 2 rabbits are injection external reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme repeat administration toxicity test down
1, experiment purpose
This experiment purpose is by the following injection external reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme of rabbit, observes rabbit and toxic reaction character, degree, development and recovery situation occur, and monitoring for the dosage design of data for clinical drug use and clinical toxicity provides reference material.
2, experimental technique
24 of New Zealand white rabbit, body weight 2.5~3.0kg.External reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme is established 3 dosage groups, and dosage is respectively 100,20 and 4mg.kg
-1(be equivalent to 241936,48387 and 9677Um
-2), solvent control group (0.9% sodium chloride injection), the subcutaneous injection amount is 1mg.kg
-1Successive administration is 7 days weekly, altogether 4 weeks of administration.
3, experimental result
Activity of the general behavior of each treated animal and appetite are normal after the administration.Body weight, electrocardiogram and food consumption quantity and solvent control group relatively do not have marked difference.Antibody has been compared obviously with the solvent control group and has been increased (p<0.01) in the 14th day 100mg.kg-1 group of the administration serum.Each dosage group is compared with the solvent control group in the time of the 28th day, and antibody content all significantly increases (P<0.01, P<0.05) in the serum.The significant differences of having compared with the solvent control group (p<0.01).Convalescent period, antibody horizontal had downward trend in each dosage group rabbit anteserum when finishing.End item in 13 hematological indices, 4 coagulation indexes, 18 blood parameters, 10 the urine indexs significant difference of having compared with the solvent control group, but do not have special toxicology meaning.Histopathological examination is not seen the toxicity pathological change relevant with administration.
4, experiment conclusion
In sum, under this experimental condition, external reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme dosage is 241936,48387 and during 9677Um-2 dosage group, and new zealand rabbit is not had the relevant toxicity performance of administration.When being equivalent to the people and intending with 4~100 times of dosage to the new zealand rabbit free of toxic effects.Safe dose is greater than 241936Um
-2The direct subcutaneous injections of measure such as external reorganization staphylococcus lysozyme non-sterile bacteriological filtration can cause the local inflammation reaction.
Embodiment 3 staphylococcus lysozyme lyophilized powder stability tests
1, test equipment
Test strain: staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538);
Nertralizer: the PBS of 0.5% sodium thiosulfate, 2% tween 80,0.5% lecithin;
Phosphate buffered solution (PBS0.03mol/l pH7.2).
2, test method
Test organisms 24h slant culture is washed with PBS, make bacteria suspension.
Get that (each 4 of 2.0cm * 3.0cm) and contrast prints (with the sample homogeneous material, equal size, but do not contain anti-biotic material, and through sterilization treatment) are divided into 4 groups and place in 4 sterilization plates by coupons.
Get above-mentioned bacteria suspension, print on dripped 100 μ Ls by coupons with contrasting at each respectively, evenly coating, pick up counting, effect 2,5,10,20min contains the corresponding nertralizer of 5mL in vitro with the print input respectively with aseptic tweezer, fully mixing, do suitably dilution, get wherein 2~3 dilution factors then, draw 0.5mL respectively, place two plates, nutrient agar (antibacterial) or sabouraud's agar (yeast) 15mL with cold to 40~45 ℃ pour into, rotate plate, make it full and uniform, it is dull and stereotyped that agar solidifies the back upset, cultivate 48h (antibacterial) or 72h (yeast), do the viable bacteria colony counting for 35 ± 2 ℃.
Test repeats 3 times, calculates sterilizing rate by formula (C1)
X
3=(A-B)/A×100%
In the formula: X
3---sterilizing rate, %;
A---the average clump count of control sample;
B---tested sample average clump count.
3, result of the test
The staphylococcus lysozyme lyophilized powder is killed activity to staphylococcus aureus at 25 ℃ after depositing 6 months and is not changed as can be seen from Table 2.
Table 225 ℃ is deposited after 6 months the staphylococcus aureus killing effect
Annotate: negative control group does not have bacterial growth.
Embodiment 4 staphylococcus lysozymes are to the action effect of cow endometritis
1, the sick cattle symptom of chronic endometritis
Discharging purulent secretion with vagina is main clinic symptoms, and sick cattle has canescence or the thin pus of yellowish-brown from vaginal orifice row, so be stained with vaginal discharge or dry crusts at root of the tail, vaginal orifice and Fei Jiechu.Visible vaginal mucosa of examination per vagina and uterus abdominal part hyperemia, cervix uteri swelling, lax opening, the cervix uteri mouth is with purulent secretion; Examination per rectum finds that cornua uteri increases, and contractile response is faint, lacks flexibility, and palace wall thickening hardening when the rheuminess thing is accumulated in the uterus, then has the slight fluctuations sense.
2, trial drug
Staphylococcus lysozyme lyophilized powder (in utero filling agent): 400U; Oxytetracycline Base; Ethacridine.
3, test method
In cow reproduction year, select to divide 20~40 days puerperiums to make a definite diagnosis the milch cow that suffers from chronic endometritis and be for experiment, according to the treatment order, it is divided at random " lysozyme " group and " sharp native agent " group.
The staphylococcus lysozyme group: every bottle of medicine dissolution is in 250mL axenic purification water or sterile purified water, and each uterus perfusion 100-250ml is every perfusion in 3 days 1 time.
Sharp native agent group: sharp native agent medicinal liquid 100mL (ethacridine 0.5g, Oxytetracycline Base 2g are dissolved in the 100mL normal saline) directly injects intrauterine, the next day 1 time, continuous 3~4 times is 1 course of treatment.
4, therapeutic effect criterion
Cure: the transparent free from extraneous odour of mucus that vagina is discharged, other clinical symptom disappearance are recovered the normal estrus cycle, and gestation is determined in the straight inspection in 2~3 months of breeding back.
Effectively: the uterus is obviously softening, and contractility is strong, other sxs, but not pregnant after the breeding of oestrusing.
Invalid: with the treatment before relatively do not have significant change.
5, result of the test
Table 3 staphylococcus lysozyme group and sharp native agent group therapeutic effect are relatively
From table as can be seen, be significantly improved than traditional sharp native agent therapy with dissolving staphylococcal bacteria enzyme treatment cow endometritis (based on chronic purulence and Catarrhal purulence) effect, the former improves 26.4 percentage points than the latter cure rate, through X 2 test, and significant difference (P<0.05).