CN109707399A - Tunnel outlet support structure and its construction method - Google Patents
Tunnel outlet support structure and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109707399A CN109707399A CN201910135787.5A CN201910135787A CN109707399A CN 109707399 A CN109707399 A CN 109707399A CN 201910135787 A CN201910135787 A CN 201910135787A CN 109707399 A CN109707399 A CN 109707399A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004258 portal system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tunnel outlet support structure and its construction methods, support structure includes the top bar being equipped in tunnel portal and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, top bar and connection slope is connected between getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, top bar is equipped with small pilot tunnel, it further include the gib being equipped with around small pilot tunnel, and the advance support for Strengthening Tunnel peripheral rock, system anchor bolt, lock foot anchoring stock and preliminary bracing, it is also included within after small pilot tunnel appears, in tunnel portal by the steel tube shed guiding wall and steel tube shed that are applied in the extroversion hole of hole；Construction method is neighbouring Portal Section of being constructed using benching tunnelling method；Advanced small pilot tunnel is excavated in top bar side, and applies advance support, system anchor bolt, lock foot anchoring stock, preliminary bracing and gib, penetrates through small pilot tunnel to tunnel portal；Steel tube shed guiding wall is applied, steel tube shed guiding drills within the walls, sets steel tube shed advance support；The small pilot tunnel in the excavation supporting top bar other side removes small pilot tunnel gib, excavation supporting is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation to hole to hole out of hole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Environment in Railway Engineering Construction technical field, in particular to a kind of tunnel outlet support structure and its construction party
Method.
Background technique
With the development of railway construction in China, there is more and more Tunnel Engineering, Southwest Mountainous Areas topography danger in mountain railway
It is high, therefore more tunnel portal, often on high gradient slope, appearing is close to bridge.And mountain area high gradient slope constructing tunnel is just
Road is built to hole difficulty is big, the more difficult arrangement in entrance construction place, and construction machinery personnel hardly enter entrance construction.Length of tunnel
It can choose and unidirectionally tunnel from the preferable one end of hole condition to other end hole in short-term, be contemplated that when tunnel is longer and increase horizontal hole
Or inclined shaft enters after main tunnel the hole poor to condition of reversely constructing.Both the above method is faced with construction of appearing, due to hole
Often buried depth is shallow for mouthful section, rock crusher, and tunnel excavation section is big in addition, easily causes inside and outside hole and caves in when carrying out and appearing and construct
Etc. accidents, and handle landslide engineering challenges, increase investment, construction delay, huge loss can be brought to tunnel construction.Therefore,
Which kind of method to guarantee that tunnel outlet construction safety is effectively current urgent problem using.
Currently, it is less to the research of tunnel outlet construction method, it is more and more with the accelerated development of railway construction in China
Tunnel is faced with construction risk of appearing, and also has and has resulted in huge economic loss when appearing and constructing compared with Multiple tunnel.How to carry out
Tunnel outlet construction protection should guarantee safety for tunnel engineering, and can build entrance construction platform, seek a kind of safety, quickly,
Economically and reasonably construction method is imperative.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency in the presence of the prior art, a kind of tunnel outlet supporting structure is provided
It makes and its construction method.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of tunnel outlet support structure including the top bar that is equipped in tunnel portal and is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, the top bar and
Connection slope is connected between getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, the top bar is equipped with small pilot tunnel；The support structure further includes small leading described
The gib being equipped with around hole, and tunnel portal be surrounded by for Strengthening Tunnel peripheral rock advance support,
System anchor bolt, lock foot anchoring stock and preliminary bracing are also included within after the small pilot tunnel appears, in tunnel portal by applying in the extroversion hole of hole
The steel tube shed guiding wall and steel tube shed of work.
Present invention Strengthening Tunnel hole in such a way that the small pilot tunnel of top bar appears apply hole protection and steel tube shed in advance
Shallow embedding reduction stage country rock guarantees tunnel outlet construction safety.It is brought when can reduce tunnel outlet through the invention by Tunnel Landslide
Investment increase, the risks such as construction delay, the Tunnel Engineering investment of indirect saving and duration；It can efficiently solve through the invention
The high steep tunnel portal in tunnel can not build the problem of construction operation platform, construction personnel and equipment conveying difficulty, guarantee Tunnel
Mouth construction safety.The invention provides scientific basis for the design of high gradient slope tunnel outlet, strengthens the peace of tunnel outlet construction
Full reliability realizes economical, reasonable, safe and efficient most possibly.
Preferably, the gradient on the connection slope is less than or equal to 1/3, guarantees that the slope of connection up/down steps is flat enough
It is slow, convenient for construction personnel and the Transportation Organization of construction machinery.
Preferably, the gib includes profile steel frame concrete spraying support.
Preferably, the advance support includes advanced tubule.
Preferably, supporting construction further includes the drainage system and side slope protection being arranged at tunnel portal, guarantees tunnel
Excavation supporting complete stability.
Preferably, the side slope protection includes Anchored frame beam.
The invention also discloses a kind of construction methods of tunnel outlet support structure, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: in constructing tunnel to neighbouring Portal Section, being adjusted to benching tunnelling method for construction, top bar and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
Between by connect slope be connected；
Step 2: advanced small pilot tunnel is excavated in tunnel top bar side, the small every circulation of pilot tunnel applies advanced after excavating
Supporting, system anchor bolt, lock foot anchoring stock, preliminary bracing and gib, after carry out small pilot tunnel subsequent cycle after the completion of supporting again
It excavates, penetrates through small pilot tunnel to tunnel portal by this process；
Step 3: by small pilot tunnel establishment officer, mechanical arrangement entrance construction place, then steel tube shed guiding wall is applied, greatly
Pipe canopy guiding drills within the walls, sets steel tube shed advance support and grouting and reinforcing hole Shallow Section breaking surrounding rock；
Step 4: after completing hole construction of prevention work and steel tube shed reinforcing, the excavation supporting top bar other side is small out of hole is led
Small pilot tunnel gib is removed after the completion of top bar excavation supporting in hole to hole, and excavation supporting is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation to hole, so far
Complete tunnel outlet construction.
Construction method of the present invention provides scientific basis for the design that high gradient slope tunnel outlet is constructed, by upper
Step pilot tunnel is appeared in advance, and the method for then applying hole protection and steel tube shed carrys out Strengthening Tunnel hole shallow embedding reduction stage country rock,
It solves the problems, such as that construction personnel and equipment conveying are difficult, ensure that tunnel outlet construction safety, reduce construction landslide of appearing
Risk.
Preferably, the step 3 has also applied hole and has cut drainage system and face-upward slope before applying steel tube shed guiding wall
Protection guarantees tunnel excavation support complete stability.
Compared with prior art, supporting construction of the present invention the utility model has the advantages that
Present invention Strengthening Tunnel hole in such a way that the small pilot tunnel of top bar appears apply hole protection and steel tube shed in advance
Shallow embedding reduction stage country rock guarantees tunnel outlet construction safety.It is brought when can reduce tunnel outlet through the invention by Tunnel Landslide
Investment increase, the risks such as construction delay, the Tunnel Engineering investment of indirect saving and duration；It can efficiently solve through the invention
The high steep tunnel portal in tunnel can not build the problem of construction operation platform, construction personnel and equipment conveying difficulty, guarantee Tunnel
Mouth construction safety.The invention provides scientific basis for the design of high gradient slope tunnel outlet, strengthens the peace of tunnel outlet construction
Full reliability realizes economical, reasonable, safe and efficient most possibly.
Compared with prior art, the construction method of supporting construction of the present invention the utility model has the advantages that
Construction method of the present invention provides scientific basis for the design that high gradient slope tunnel outlet is constructed, by upper
Step pilot tunnel is appeared in advance, and the method for then applying hole protection and steel tube shed carrys out Strengthening Tunnel hole shallow embedding reduction stage country rock,
It solves the problems, such as that construction personnel and equipment conveying are difficult, ensure that tunnel outlet construction safety, reduce construction landslide of appearing
Risk.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is a kind of skiagraph of tunnel outlet support structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B cross-sectional view in Fig. 1.
Marked in the figure: 1- advance support, 2- system anchor bolt, 3- lock foot anchoring stock, 4- preliminary bracing, 5- secondary lining, 6- face
When supporting, 7- top bar, 8- gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, the small pilot tunnel of 9-, and 10- steel tube shed is oriented to wall, 11- steel tube shed, 12- connection slope, 13- anchor
Bar Vierendeel girder, 14- ground line.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to test example and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be understood
It is all that this is belonged to based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized for the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments
The range of invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of tunnel outlet support structure including the top bar 7 being equipped in tunnel portal and is left office
Rank 8, the top bar 7 and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation and is connected with connection slope 12 between 8, and the gradient on the connection slope 12 is less than or equal to 1/
3, guarantee that slope is gentle enough, convenient for construction personnel and the Transportation Organization of construction machinery.
The side of the top bar 7 is equipped with small pilot tunnel 9, further include be equipped in time after the small pilot tunnel 9 excavates it is interim
Supporting 6, the gib 6 include profile steel frame concrete spraying support；And it is used to add what tunnel portal was surrounded by
Gu the advance support 1 of tunnel perimeter country rock, system anchor bolt 2, lock foot anchoring stock 3 and preliminary bracing 4, the advance support 1 includes super
Preceding ductule, Strengthening Tunnel peripheral rock guarantee pilot tunnel construction safety.The small pilot tunnel 9 of top bar is excavated to tunnel portal in advance, is
Personnel and machinery, which are appeared, provides channel.
Support structure is also included within after the small pilot tunnel 9 appears, in tunnel portal by the steel tube shed that applies in the extroversion hole of hole
It is oriented to wall 10 and steel tube shed 11, advanced pre-reinforcement Portal Section country rock.Supporting construction further includes the draining being arranged at tunnel portal
System and side slope protection, the side slope protection include Anchored frame beam 13, and 14 be ground line in figure.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, a kind of construction method of tunnel outlet support structure, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: in constructing tunnel to neighbouring Portal Section, construction is adjusted to benching tunnelling method, top bar 7 and leave from office
It is connected between rank 8 by connecting slope 12, up/down steps length is elongated as far as possible, and guarantees to connect the connection slope of up/down steps
12 is gentle enough, convenient for construction personnel and the Transportation Organization of construction machinery；
Step 2: in tunnel, advanced small pilot tunnel 9 is excavated in 7 side of top bar, and the every circulation of the small pilot tunnel 9 applies super after excavating
The supporting measures such as preceding supporting 1, system anchor bolt 2, lock foot anchoring stock 3, preliminary bracing 4, secondary lining 5 and gib 6 guarantee small lead
Hole excavation supporting safety and stability, the excavation after carry out small 9 subsequent cycle of pilot tunnel after the completion of supporting again penetrate through small pilot tunnel by this process
9, to tunnel portal, the channel outside hole are transported as personnel, mechanical equipment；
Step 3: it by small 9 establishment officer of pilot tunnel, mechanical arrangement entrance construction place, has applied hole and has cut drainage system
And side slope protection, steel tube shed guiding wall 10 is then applied again, and steel tube shed is oriented to 10 internal drilling of wall, sets steel tube shed 11 and props up in advance
Protect simultaneously grouting and reinforcing hole Shallow Section breaking surrounding rock；
Step 4: after completing hole construction of prevention work and the reinforcing of steel tube shed 11,7 other side of excavation supporting top bar is small out of hole
Pilot tunnel is to hole, after the completion of 7 excavation supporting of top bar, removes small pilot tunnel gib 6, and excavation supporting gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation 8 to hole,
So far tunnel outlet construction is completed.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate the present invention and not limit the technical scheme described by the invention, although this explanation
The present invention has been described in detail referring to above-mentioned each embodiment for book, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementation
Mode, therefore any couple of present invention modifies or equivalent replacement；And the technical side of all spirit and scope for not departing from invention
Case and its improvement, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of tunnel outlet support structure, which is characterized in that including the top bar (7) being equipped in tunnel portal and get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
(8), it the top bar (7) and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation and is connected with connection slope (12) between (8), the top bar (7) is equipped with small pilot tunnel
(9)；The support structure further includes the gib (6) being equipped with around the small pilot tunnel (9), and in tunnel portal surrounding
Be equipped with for the advance support (1) of Strengthening Tunnel peripheral rock, system anchor bolt (2), lock foot anchoring stock (3) and preliminary bracing (4),
It is also included within after the small pilot tunnel (9) appears, in tunnel portal by steel tube shed guiding wall (10) that is applied in the extroversion hole of hole and big
Pipe canopy (11).
2. a kind of tunnel outlet support structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to connect the oblique of slope (12)
Degree is less than or equal to 1/3.
3. a kind of tunnel outlet support structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gib (6) include
Profile steel frame concrete spraying support.
4. a kind of tunnel outlet support structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the advance support (1) includes
Advanced tubule.
5. a kind of tunnel outlet support structure according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that supporting construction further includes
Drainage system and side slope protection at tunnel portal are set.
6. a kind of tunnel outlet support structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the side slope protection includes anchor
Bar Vierendeel girder (13).
7. a kind of construction method of tunnel outlet support structure, which is characterized in that construction as described in claim 1-6 is any one
Kind tunnel outlet support structure, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: in constructing tunnel to neighbouring Portal Section, being adjusted to benching tunnelling method for construction, top bar (7) and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
(8) it is connected between by connecting slope (12)；
Step 2: in tunnel, advanced small pilot tunnel (9) is excavated in top bar (7) side, and the small every circulation of pilot tunnel (9) applies after excavating
Advance support (1), system anchor bolt (2), lock foot anchoring stock (3), preliminary bracing (4) and gib (6), after the completion of the supporting again into
The excavation of small pilot tunnel (9) subsequent cycle of row penetrates through small pilot tunnel (9) to tunnel portal by this process；
Step 3: by small pilot tunnel (9) establishment officer, mechanical arrangement entrance construction place, then applying steel tube shed guiding wall (10),
Steel tube shed is oriented to wall (10) internal drilling, sets steel tube shed (11) advance support and grouting and reinforcing hole Shallow Section breaking surrounding rock；
Step 4: after completing hole construction of prevention work and steel tube shed (11) reinforcing, excavation supporting top bar (7) other side is small out of hole
Pilot tunnel removes small pilot tunnel gib (6) after the completion of top bar (7) excavation supporting to hole, and excavation supporting gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation (8)
To hole, tunnel outlet construction is so far completed.
8. a kind of construction method of tunnel outlet support structure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the step 3
Before applying steel tube shed guiding wall (10), hole is also applied and has cut drainage system and side slope protection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910135787.5A CN109707399B (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Tunnel exit supporting structure and construction method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910135787.5A CN109707399B (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Tunnel exit supporting structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN109707399A true CN109707399A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109707399B CN109707399B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110030001A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-07-19 | 广西大学 | A kind of construction method that mountain tunnel is appeared |
| CN110645003A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-03 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Completely weathered granite bias steep slope tunnel entry construction method |
| CN111119913A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-08 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | TBM (tunnel boring machine) escaping processing method in tunnel construction and tunnel construction structure |
| CN111594229A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Construction method for multi-arch tunnel entrance under shallow-buried water-rich geological condition |
| CN113047846A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-29 | 北京永创众信建筑设计有限公司 | Construction method for tunneling tunnel through slope |
| CN113482630A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁二局第四工程有限公司 | Pilot construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel |
| CN114673181A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-06-28 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Construction method of interval tunnel at bridge-tunnel connection position near existing railway |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110030001A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-07-19 | 广西大学 | A kind of construction method that mountain tunnel is appeared |
| CN110030001B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-06-30 | 广西大学 | Construction method for mountain tunnel to go out of hole |
| CN110645003A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-03 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | Completely weathered granite bias steep slope tunnel entry construction method |
| CN111119913A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-08 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | TBM (tunnel boring machine) escaping processing method in tunnel construction and tunnel construction structure |
| CN111119913B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2024-05-17 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | TBM escaping treatment method in tunnel construction and tunnel construction structure |
| CN111594229A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Construction method for multi-arch tunnel entrance under shallow-buried water-rich geological condition |
| CN111594229B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-08-20 | 中建七局交通建设有限公司 | Construction method for multi-arch tunnel entrance under shallow-buried water-rich geological condition |
| CN113047846A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-29 | 北京永创众信建筑设计有限公司 | Construction method for tunneling tunnel through slope |
| CN113482630A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-08 | 中铁二局第四工程有限公司 | Pilot construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel |
| CN113482630B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2024-01-12 | 中铁二局第四工程有限公司 | Advanced pilot pit construction method applied to small-clear-distance double-hole tunnel |
| CN114673181A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-06-28 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Construction method of interval tunnel at bridge-tunnel connection position near existing railway |
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