CN108782086A - Kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between a kind of flax - Google Patents
Kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between a kind of flax Download PDFInfo
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- CN108782086A CN108782086A CN201810677090.6A CN201810677090A CN108782086A CN 108782086 A CN108782086 A CN 108782086A CN 201810677090 A CN201810677090 A CN 201810677090A CN 108782086 A CN108782086 A CN 108782086A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses the cultural methods that kind between a kind of flax interplants late-maturing potato, include the following steps：Step 1, crop rotation, preceding stubble carry out crop rotations in 3 years or more using soybean, wheat, corn as crops for rotation；Step 2, band width select；Step 3, good varieties selection；Step 4, sowing, transplanting；Step 5, fertilising；Step 6, tillage and weeding；Step 7, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control flax prevent powdery mildew, droop and Liriomyza in time；Step 8, harvest.The cultural method that kind interplants late-maturing potato between the flax of the present invention be one kind can make full use of resources supplIes and a flax increasing farmers' income it is efficient between plant Interplanting technique.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, it is related to the cultural method that kind between a kind of flax interplants late-maturing potato.
Background technology
Flax is a kind of oil crops.Belong to annual herb plant, it is fine with flax, oil seed flax and oil to can be divided into fiber
Dual-purpose flax three types.Stem is upright, and up to 1.2 meters of height, top is soft, there is wax；Leaf alternate, drape over one's shoulders it is needle-shaped, 20-40 millimeters
Long, 3 mm wides, there is bloom on surface；Colored petal 5,15-25 millimeters a diameter of, blue or white；Fruit is capsule, and seed is flat
Oval likes moist climate of feeling nice and cool.This plant can squeeze out first-class edible oil, and this oil is not only fond of eating but also to human body
It is of miraculous efficacy, the unsaturated fatty acid beneficial to human body is contained in siritch, and the ratio formed is appropriate, it is not easy to oxygen
Change.The specific effect of siritch：Especially being rich in can boost metabolism, improve capillary circulation, bring skin cell battalion
Foster γ type vitamin es, γ type vitamin es are that excellent polyphenoils mass-energy is effectively prevented aging；Contain in siritch
Oleic acid content, which is also had by medicine confirmation, to be inhibited the diseases such as gastric ulcer, asthma, prevents skin quality deterioration, and the effect of immunity is improved；Recklessly
Ingredient contained by sesame oil has the inhibiting effect to prevent trouble before it happens for the problems such as wrinkle, blackspot, dry skin.Siritch is still
A kind of Chinese medicine has following function, siritch dietary function：The effect of moistening dryness for relaxing bowels, nourishing the blood to expel wind；Can control eak after being ill, dizziness,
Constipation, old man's dry skin, Scaling, allergic dermatitis, itch, sore eczema and hypertension, vascular sclerosis, cholesterol increase
Equal diseases.
In the prior art, the yield of flax is relatively low, and the regional illumination having is resourceful, and sunshine time is more, heat money
Source is sufficient, and the comparative effectiveness of peasant's operating cash flows is low.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between proposing a kind of flax, be it is a kind of both
Resources supplIes can be made full use of, but the flax that can be increased farmers' income it is efficient between plant Interplanting technique.
Its technical solution is as follows：
Kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between a kind of flax, includes the following steps：
Step 1, crop rotation
Preceding stubble carries out 3 years or more crop rotation with crops for rotation such as soybean, wheat, corns；
Step 2, band width select
Total 4 row flax of band width 120cm, 60cm kind, 60cm kind l row potatos.
Step 3, good varieties selection
Flax variety adoption Shanxi Asia 10 etc., Potato Cultivars select the late varieties such as Shanxi potato 16.
Step 4, sowing, transplanting
Flax suitable sowing date is on April 15 or so, waits rows drilling, line-spacing 15cm, 3.0-3.5kg/ mus of application rate, seed level
3cm or so.Potato is sowed at the beginning of 5 months, 100kg/ mus, seed level 10cm or so of application rate, and excavated by manual work cave is sowed by hand, spacing in the rows
35cm, mu are kept a full stand of seedings 3100 plants or so.
Step 5, fertilising
Per acre high-quality farm manure 2500kg, normal superphosphate 40-60kg, that urea 6-7kg makees base manure is primary in site preparation
It applies.It combines mu of pouring water for the first time to impose urea 9-10kg when flax height of seedling 3-6cm on May 17, is tied after 20 flax squaring period of June
It closes mu of pouring water for the second time and imposes urea 3-4kg.After potato squaring period 1 day or so July, urea is imposed in conjunction with first time watering
15-20kg, for August just after flax harvests, potato, which combines to pour water, imposes 1 nitroxylic acid potassium 3-5kg.
Step 6, tillage and weeding
First time tillage and weeding is carried out when 20 or so flax height of seedling 10cm in May, and second is carried out when height of seedling 15-20cm and is intertilled
Weeding.After potato emergence, intertillage is combined to earth up when height of seedling about 10cm, it is that Quizalotop-ethyl is newborn to beat herbicide active ingredient
Oil.
Step 7, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control flax prevent powdery mildew, droop and Liriomyza etc. in time, and potato does not occur substantially
Disease should mainly prevent cabbage caterpillar.
Step 8, harvest
1 day or so flax stalk of August and 75% capsule turn yellow, and individual capsules become brown, can be received when seed is hardened
It obtains.Potato generally harvests after October 1 maturation or is harvested in due course according to market price market.
Further, in step 6, when playing herbicide, pay attention to 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil of dosage (every liter contains 50 grams of effective ingredient)
Per acre with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 50-70ml.(being watered 30-40 kilograms of uniform cauline leaf spraying treatment) soil moisture air is wet
When degree is higher, be conducive to absorption and conduction of the weeds to Quizalotop-ethyl.In order to avoid influencing flax growth.
5% Quizalotop-ethyl applicable crops soybean, beet, rape, potato, flax, pea, broad bean, tobacco, watermelon, cotton
The various crops and fruit tree, forestry nursery, tending ot young growth, clover etc. such as flower, peanut, broad-leaved vegetables.Quizalotop-ethyl is a kind of general
Herbicide, can be used after Chinese medicine grows true leaf.To the annual standing grain such as lady's-grass, green bristlegrass, wild oat, bromegrass, cogongrass
Undergraduate course weeds are with obvious effects, invalid to broad leaved weed.
Further, in step 6, playing herbicide should be in sunny, calm or 3 grades of gentle breeze hereinafter, 10 DEG C or more weather, general meeting
Selection carries out herbicide spraying in the afternoon, easily absorbs.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The cultural method that kind interplants late-maturing potato between the flax of the present invention be one kind can make full use of resources supplIes and
Interplanting technique is planted between a flax can increasing farmers' income is efficient.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in more detail With reference to embodiment.
One, material and method
Material：Flax kind is that Shanxi is No. 10 sub-, and Potato Cultivars are late variety Shanxi potato 16.
Method：Flax potato band is than 1:1, it is in strip cropping, each flax band that flax, potato band are alternate away from each 60cm
4 rows are broadcast, potato band 1 row of sowing, thickness of sowing is 3100 plants per acre.Flax sowing on April 15, potato are sowed at the beginning of 5 months.Field
Between manage with conventional crop field.
It after August flax maturation on the 1st, is produced based on great Qu harvests, and takes flax band center row and each 20 plants of species tests of side row respectively,
Calculate economic benefit.Potato plant reached physiological maturity and can harvest October 1, the interplanting of investigation potato and clear kind it is each
Three points each put 30 plants of species tests, calculate single potato weight, commodity rate and yield.
Two, result and analysis
Influence of 1 intercropping of table to flax Other Main Agronomic Characters and yield
As it can be seen from table 1 side row flax plant highest, average out to 72.5cm, interplanting flax plant occupy second, are
69.7cm, it is 67.5cm that clear kind of flax plant is most short.The process length of side row up to 46.8cm, interplanting and basic the one of clear kind
Sample is long, between average 44.3cm~44.5cm.Effectively divide stem number side row most, it is 0.55 average, interplant effective point with clear kind
Stem number is identical, 0.40 average.Effective branch amount side row is most, 5.8 average, and interplanting is placed in the middle, 4.7 average, and clear kind effectively
Branch amount is minimum, 4.1 average.Single plant fruit number side row is most, and 28.8 average, clear kind is taken second place, 27.7 average, interplants single plant
Fruit number is minimum, 26.4 average.Mass of 1000 kernel side row is maximum, average 6.5g, interplanting and clear kind of indifference, average 6.35g.Fruit
The most of side row are counted, 6.7 average, interplanting and clear kind of fruit grain number are as many, 6.4 average.Single plant yield side row is most, puts down
Equal 0.98g, interplanting occupy second, average 0.91g, clear kind of mass of 1000 kernel minimum, average 0.88g.
Highest Flax Output Index per unit area yield is side row nixed planting, average product 2576kg/hm2, the Flax Output Index in interplanting
Occupy second, average product 2400kg/hm2, Flax Output Index level is minimum in clear kind, average product 2236kg/hm2.It can see
Go out, flax intercropping yield is significantly improved than clear kind.
Flax emergence in 25 days or so April, May to early June is the animated period of flax nutrient growth and reproductive growth, is to determine
Determine the critical period of Flax Output Index, and potato emerges not yet before June 10, potato band is formed because spacious, plant is short and small
" corridor " of flax ventilation and penetrating light, makes between flax strain that illumination is strengthened, temperature increases, humidity reduces, wind speed increases.Therefore
Flax intercropping improves field microclimate, promotes flax growth and development, improves Flax Output Index.
The Other Main Agronomic Characters of 2 intercropping potato of table
Find that interplanting potato emergence rate 100% is than clear kind of control in investigation on June 20th, 2015 potato emergence rate
(95%) emergence rate is high.Potato emergence rate height is poured water for the first time with flax on May 17 direct relation, ensure that potato goes out
Required moisture when seedling.
Potato plant height, stem thickness, stem number and branch amount are investigated in August 10 in 2015.As a result intercropping handles Ma Ling
Potato plant height, stem thickness, stem number and branch amount all increase than clear kind, illustrate that intercropping processing Potato growth potential is stronger.
Intercropping handles late blight incidence 38%, and also more clear kind (49%) is low, is after being harvested due to flax, to improve
Field ventilation and penetrating light condition reduces field humidity, and late blight morbidity is made to mitigate.
3 intercropping potato tubers commodity potato rate of table
In terms of 3 commodity potato rate of table, intercropping processing commodity rate 90.64%, clear kind of (control) commodity rate 87.61%,
Make interplanting processing compared with clear kind, intercropping processing improves potato commodity potato rate.
4 intercropping of table handles potato list potato weight
Again from 4 potato list potato of table, the average single potato of intercropping processing is 81.84g, clear kind of average single potato weight again
70.15g, so intercropping processing improves potato list potato weight compared with clear kind (control).
5 intercropping of table handles potato yield
In terms of 5 yield of table, the hectare production that be averaged of intercropping processing potato is 31258.33kg, and clear kind (control) is averaged public
Just production 26453.33kg, so intercropping processing can improve potato yield compared with clear kind.
Interpretation of result：Since Shanxi potato 16 is late variety, when August enters the rapid expanding stage of stem tuber on the 1st, flax harvest
Afterwards, strong sunshine and suitable day and night temperature are provided for potato, planting density is also obviously reduced, therefore is more advantageous to horse
Bell potato wedge stem expands.In addition potato root is deeper, and flax root system is shallow, can fully efficiently use the moisture in soil in this way
And nutrient, achieve the purpose that volume increase.Final result, more clear kind the potato commodity potato rate of interplanting, odd number weight, yield raising.
As shown in Table 3, more clear kind of commodity potato rate of the potato of intercropping increases by 3.03%；As shown in Table 4, intercropping list potato compares again
Clear kind increases by 11.69 grams, increases by 16.66%；As shown in Table 5, more clear kind of fresh sweet potato volume increase of the potato output per hectare of interplanting
4805.00kg, volume increase 18.16%.So flax and late-maturing potato intercropping, are more advantageous to the growth of potato potato wedge, increase
Produce synergy.
The season of growth of flax potato intercropping, two kinds of crops takes full advantage of the abundant illumination resource in this area,
Improve the utilization to having thermal relief standard and rainfall resource；Ventilation and penetrating light is increased, Dominance in border row has been given full play to, improves production
Amount and quality.
Three, benefit
1, economic benefit
6. economic benefit of table (hm)
Economic and Efficiency Analysis：Flax potato is by band than 1:1 (each 4 row of flax strip sowing, potato band sowing 1 row, band away from
Each 60cm) plantation, per hectare flax side row yield 644kg, interplanting yield 600kg, than clear kind (1118kg) increases production 126kg, often
Kilogram by 7 yuan calculating, 882 yuan of benefit can be increased；Potato interplants yield 15629.165kg, and than clear kind (13226.665kg) increases
2402.5kg is produced, per kilogram can increase by 2883 yuan of benefit by 1.2 yuan of calculating.Flax potato intercropping per hectare increases altogether
3765 yuan of economic benefit.
2, ecological benefits
Flax intercropping potato not only increases covered ground degree, and extends field and cover the phase, and avoids
Weed growth produces seed after flax harvest, it is thus possible to reduce water and soil and nutrient loss.
3, social benefit
Flax intercropping potato, increases flax and potato yield, improves quality, both ensure that market to planting
The needs of object oil, and demand of the people to potato is met, increase peasant economy income；To increase agriculture on limited soil
Product yield and type, coordination crop allocation create condition.
Four, conclusion
Flax set potato realizes economic, ecology, the synchronous of social Three benefits is improved.Therefore being one is worth developing
Agricultural technology.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is without being limited thereto, it is any ripe
Those skilled in the art are known in the technical scope of present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are each fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between a kind of flax, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, crop rotation
Preceding stubble carries out crop rotations in 3 years or more using soybean, wheat, corn as crops for rotation；
Step 2, band width select
Total 4 row flax of band width 120cm, 60cm kind, 60cm kind l row potatos；
Step 3, good varieties selection
Flax variety adoption Shanxi is No. 10 sub-, and Potato Cultivars select No. 16 late varieties of Shanxi potato；
Step 4, sowing, transplanting
Flax suitable sowing date is April 15, waits rows drilling, line-spacing 15cm, 3.0-3.5kg/ mus of application rate, seed level 3cm；Potato
Sowing at the beginning of 5 months, 100kg/ mus, seed level 10cm of application rate, excavated by manual work cave are sowed by hand, and spacing in the rows 35cm, mu is kept a full stand of seedings 3100 plants；
Step 5, fertilising
High-quality farm manure 2500kg, normal superphosphate 40-60kg, urea 6-7kg make base manure and are once applied in site preparation per acre；
Combined when flax height of seedling 3-6cm on May 17 for the first time mu of pouring water impose urea 9-10kg, the is combined after 20 flax squaring period of June
Secondary mu of pouring water imposes urea 3-4kg；After potato squaring period July 1, urea 15-20kg is imposed in conjunction with first time watering, 8
The beginning of the month, potato, which combines to pour water, imposed 1 nitroxylic acid potassium 3-5kg after flax harvests；
Step 6, tillage and weeding
First time tillage and weeding is carried out when 20 flax height of seedling 10cm in May, when height of seedling 15-20cm carries out second of tillage and weeding；Horse
It after the emergence of bell potato, combines intertillage to earth up when height of seedling 10cm, beats herbicide active ingredient as Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil；
Step 7, prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control flax prevent powdery mildew, droop and Liriomyza in time, and disease does not occur substantially for potato, main
Cabbage caterpillar should be prevented；
Step 8, harvest
August flax stalk on the 1st and 75% capsule turn yellow, and individual capsules become brown, can be harvested when seed is hardened.
2. kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between flax according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 6,
When playing herbicide, using 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil, per acre with 5% Quizalotop-ethyl missible oil 50-70ml.
3. kind interplants the cultural method of late-maturing potato between flax according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 6,
Playing herbicide should be in sunny, calm or 3 grades of gentle breeze hereinafter, 10 DEG C or more weather, selection carry out herbicide spraying in the afternoon.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN109287368A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Make the method for prevention and treatment powdery mildew between a kind of Jatropha curcas and koombar |
| CN109729942A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-10 | 呼伦贝尔晟通糖业科技有限公司 | A kind of serious regional beet implantation methods of the windy Weed infestation of high and cold spring drought |
| CN111512902A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Ecological planting and breeding method for interplanting pasture in flax field to breed livestock and poultry |
| CN114916392A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-19 | 张家口市农业科学院(河北省高寒作物研究所) | Cultivation method for interplanting flax and red kidney beans and application thereof |
| CN115362780A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Protection system construction method for improving ecological benefits of sandy-land potato planting base |
| CN117426246A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-23 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for preventing potato virus Y from spreading in potato field by using flax |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109287368A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Make the method for prevention and treatment powdery mildew between a kind of Jatropha curcas and koombar |
| CN109729942A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-10 | 呼伦贝尔晟通糖业科技有限公司 | A kind of serious regional beet implantation methods of the windy Weed infestation of high and cold spring drought |
| CN111512902A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Ecological planting and breeding method for interplanting pasture in flax field to breed livestock and poultry |
| CN111512902B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-03-04 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Ecological planting and breeding method for interplanting pasture in flax field to breed livestock and poultry |
| CN115362780A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Protection system construction method for improving ecological benefits of sandy-land potato planting base |
| CN115362780B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Construction method of protection system for improving ecological benefit of sandy land potato planting base |
| CN114916392A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-19 | 张家口市农业科学院(河北省高寒作物研究所) | Cultivation method for interplanting flax and red kidney beans and application thereof |
| CN117426246A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-01-23 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for preventing potato virus Y from spreading in potato field by using flax |
| CN117426246B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-05-28 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for preventing potato virus Y from spreading in potato field by using flax |
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Application publication date: 20181113 |