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CN108633517A - A kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate - Google Patents

A kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108633517A
CN108633517A CN201810311765.5A CN201810311765A CN108633517A CN 108633517 A CN108633517 A CN 108633517A CN 201810311765 A CN201810311765 A CN 201810311765A CN 108633517 A CN108633517 A CN 108633517A
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stock
grafting
scion
bud
camellia nitidissima
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CN201810311765.5A
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Inventor
王新桂
秦洪波
江新能
郭伦发
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Guangxi Institute of Botany of CAS
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Guangxi Institute of Botany of CAS
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Priority to CN201810311765.5A priority Critical patent/CN108633517A/en
Publication of CN108633517A publication Critical patent/CN108633517A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • A01G2/35Cutting; Inserting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • A01G2/38Holding; Ligating

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to Camellia nitidissima graft technology fields, and in particular to a kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate.A kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate, includes the following steps:Stock cultivates selection, the cultivation of stock, scion selection, cleft graft grafting and managing after grafting.The advantages of engrafting method of the present invention has survival rate high, and the pumping tip is fast, time and labour saving, saving labour cost, grafting shoot survival percent is up to 90% or more.

Description

A kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, and in particular to a kind of raising Camellia nitidissima graft survival rate takes out the tip Soon, the engrafting method of the Camellia nitidissima of labour cost is saved in time and labour saving.
Background technology
Camellia nitidissima pierre technology is developed so far, and has more Camellia nitidissima graft technology research report, but mostly all Belong to conventional grafting, the survival rate of golden flower tea Engraftments is not high always.Camellia nitidissima breeding at present is concentrated mainly based on cuttage simultaneously In the research of the time, cutting medium type, the type of root-growing agent and soaking time etc. of selection cuttage.However, Camellia nitidissima Slow-growing, branch is more precious, and conventional cutting propagation technology needs to acquire 5cm or more, cutting more than 2 bud of band, very Female parent material is wasted, excessive clip branch can also influence blooming for maternal plant, therefore produce and need to improve the effective of female parent material Utilization rate;Meanwhile cuttage process cutting is wrapped up, cutting base portion will impregnate root-growing agent, and soaking time is in 2-24h, And after cuttage seeding survives, the shortcomings of Root Distribution is shallower, and drought-resistant ability is not strong, and this needs to expend in large-scale production Therefore more times and human cost should be use up the research of Camellia nitidissima grafting and breeding technology on the basis of ensureing survival rate Female parent material is possibly saved, time and human cost are saved, then forms a set of comprehensive, efficient, highly practical Camellia nitidissima Grafting and breeding technology.The present invention just solves the problems, such as in the breeding of current Camellia nitidissima, not only high graft survival rate, and saves Time and human cost, the seedling well developed root system after grafting survival, resistance.
Being disclosed in the information of the background technology part, it is only intended to increase understanding of the overall background of the invention, without answering It has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art when being considered as recognizing or imply that the information is constituted in any form.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate, the engrafting method The advantages of with survival rate height, the pumping tip is fast, time and labour saving, saving labour cost.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate engrafting method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of stock:Select the red dew treasure with the same category of Camellia nitidissima as stock;
(2) cultivation of stock:1. the demand of soil:Selection contains the higher soil of humus, the soil of inclined subacidity, pH Value is 5.0-6.5;2. suitable growth temperature:The suitable growth temperature of the red precious stock of dew is 18-25 DEG C;3. suitable watering: Keep soil should not it is too dry or it is overly wet preferably, generally watering the spring and summer more;It to water, pour less in winter within 2-3 days Water;4. suitable fertilising:When growth period, phosphorus potash fertilizer is added, this is also beneficial to the growth of stock;5. timing into Row trimming, flower thinning:When stock bud is intensive, work is regularly trimmed, weak branch is cut, removes bud, is reduced Nutrient consumption, while can also promote absorption of the stock to nutriment;6. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:When have black points, anthracnose this Two kinds of diseases and aphid when longicorn insect pest, should prevent the pesticide of above-mentioned pest and disease damage to stock sprinkling in time;
(3) selection of scion:The Camellia nitidissima kind of selection is common Camellia nitidissima (Camellia petelotii);
(4) cleft graft grafting is chosen diameter of stock and is grafted more than 1cm branches, and 10 ㎝ above sections of branch are clipped, With grafting knife in stock cross section far from interface, interface depth 1.3-2.0cm are cut out at the 1/3-1/2 of outside vertically downward;In scion bud The both sides at side 0.5cm are whittled into the symmetrical bevel of two length 1.5-2.5cm now, form the wedge for facilitating insertion into the interface Then shape cuts above the bud eye at 1cm, while retaining a piece of leaf on scion bud, obtaining band, there are one bud and a piece of leaves Scion;Scion with 1 bud and a piece of leaf is gently inserted into the interface of stock, pays attention to the formation for making stock forming layer and scion Layer alignment, when engagement scion show money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.2-0.5cm, then wrapped up with the dedicated film of grafting, to grafting part from it is lower to It is upper to be wrapped up successively, and be wrapped in after the blade of reservation is unfolded on stock and wrap up together, prevent leaves water loss;
(5) managing after grafting:After grafting, moisture-keeping shading and removing in time is sprouted, primary every 3-5d waterings, keeps soil wet Profit, builds shading shed after grafting and shades, the sun is prevented to be exposed to the sun, and after 20-30d is completed in grafting, grafting starts to survive germination.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
(1) engrafting method of the invention is precious for stock with the red dew of the camellia kind for cultivating adult, using common Camellia nitidissima as Scion annual March -10 it is monthly grafted, by the way that Camellia nitidissima graft survival rate and pumping can be greatly improved with this method The trimming of tip speed degree, scion must retain a piece of leaf on bud.This is the key problem in technology of patent of the present invention, retains the good of a piece of leaf It is in after grafting, the blade of reservation still can continue photosynthesis and provide nutrition for scion, while to grafting part It is wrapped up successively from top to bottom, and is wrapped in after the blade of reservation is unfolded on stock and wraps up together, this measure not only has To blade moisturizing, the effect of leaves water loss is prevented, blade can also be extended and carry out photosynthetic time, this is that the present invention can be with The reason of greatly improving grafting survival.
(2) the advantages of engrafting method of the invention has survival rate high, and the pumping tip is fast, time and labour saving, saving labour cost, transfers Seedlings picking survival rate is up to 90% or more.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention Shield range is not restricted by specific implementation.
Unless otherwise explicitly stated, otherwise in entire disclosure and claims, term " comprising " or its change It changes such as "comprising" or " including " etc. and will be understood to comprise stated element or component, and do not exclude other members Part or other component parts.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate engrafting method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of stock:Select the red dew treasure with the same category of Camellia nitidissima as stock;
(2) cultivation of stock:1. the demand of soil:Selection contains the higher soil of humus, the soil of inclined subacidity, pH Value is 5.0;2. suitable growth temperature:The suitable growth temperature of the red precious stock of dew is 18 DEG C;3. suitable watering:Keep soil Earth should not it is too dry or it is overly wet preferably, generally watering the spring and summer more;It to water less in winter, pour within 2 days a water;4. fitting The fertilising of amount:When growth period, phosphorus potash fertilizer is added, this is also beneficial to the growth of stock;5. timing trim, is dredged Flower:When stock bud is intensive, work is regularly trimmed, weak branch is cut, removes bud, reduces nutrient consumption, It can also promote absorption of the stock to nutriment simultaneously;6. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:When have both diseases of black points, anthracnose and Aphid when the insect pests such as longicorn, should prevent the pesticide of above-mentioned pest and disease damage to stock sprinkling in time;;
(3) selection of scion:The Camellia nitidissima kind of selection is common Camellia nitidissima (Camellia petelotii);
(4) cleft graft grafting is chosen diameter of stock and is grafted more than 1cm branches, and 10 ㎝ above sections of branch are clipped, With grafting knife in stock cross section far from interface, interface depth 1.3cm are cut out at outside 1/3 vertically downward;Below scion bud eye Both sides at 0.5cm are whittled into the symmetrical bevel of two length 1.5cm, the wedge shape for facilitating insertion into the interface are formed, then in bud It is cut at the 1cm of eye top, while retaining a piece of leaf on scion bud, obtaining band, there are one the scion of bud and a piece of leaf;1 will be carried The interface of stock is gently inserted into the scion of a bud and a piece of leaf, pays attention to that stock forming layer and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, engagement When scion show money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.2cm, then wrapped up with grafting dedicated film, grafting part wrapped up successively from top to bottom, And it is wrapped in after unfolding the blade of reservation on stock and wraps up together, prevent leaves water loss;
(5) managing after grafting:After grafting, moisture-keeping shading and removing in time is sprouted, primary every 3d waterings, keeps ground moistening, Shading shed is built after grafting to shade, the sun is prevented to be exposed to the sun, and after 20d is completed in grafting, grafting starts to survive germination.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate engrafting method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of stock:Select the red dew treasure with the same category of Camellia nitidissima as stock;
(2) cultivation of stock:1. the demand of soil:Selection contains the higher soil of humus, the soil of inclined subacidity, pH Value is 6.5;2. suitable growth temperature:The suitable growth temperature of the red precious stock of dew is 25 DEG C;3. suitable watering:Keep soil Earth should not it is too dry or it is overly wet preferably, generally watering the spring and summer more;It to water less in winter, pour within 3 days a water;4. fitting The fertilising of amount:When growth period, phosphorus potash fertilizer is added, this is also beneficial to the growth of stock;5. timing trim, is dredged Flower:When stock bud is intensive, work is regularly trimmed, weak branch is cut, removes bud, reduces nutrient consumption, It can also promote absorption of the stock to nutriment simultaneously;6. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:When have both diseases of black points, anthracnose and Aphid when the insect pests such as longicorn, should prevent the pesticide of above-mentioned pest and disease damage to stock sprinkling in time;;
(3) selection of scion:The Camellia nitidissima kind of selection is common Camellia nitidissima (Camellia petelotii);
(4) cleft graft grafting is chosen diameter of stock and is grafted more than 1cm branches, and 10 ㎝ above sections of branch are clipped, With grafting knife in stock cross section far from interface, interface depth 2.0cm are cut out at outside 1/2 vertically downward;Below scion bud eye Both sides at 0.5cm are whittled into the symmetrical bevel of two length 2.5cm, the wedge shape for facilitating insertion into the interface are formed, then in bud It is cut at the 1cm of eye top, while retaining a piece of leaf on scion bud, obtaining band, there are one the scion of bud and a piece of leaf;1 will be carried The interface of stock is gently inserted into the scion of a bud and a piece of leaf, pays attention to that stock forming layer and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, engagement When scion show money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.5cm, then wrapped up with grafting dedicated film, grafting part wrapped up successively from top to bottom, And it is wrapped in after unfolding the blade of reservation on stock and wraps up together, prevent leaves water loss;
(5) managing after grafting:After grafting, moisture-keeping shading and removing in time is sprouted, primary every 5d waterings, keeps ground moistening, Shading shed is built after grafting to shade, the sun is prevented to be exposed to the sun, and after 30d is completed in grafting, grafting starts to survive germination.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate engrafting method, includes the following steps:
(1) selection of stock:Select the red dew treasure with the same category of Camellia nitidissima as stock;
(2) cultivation of stock:1. the demand of soil:Selection contains the higher soil of humus, the soil of inclined subacidity, pH Value is 6.0;2. suitable growth temperature:The suitable growth temperature of the red precious stock of dew is 22 DEG C;3. suitable watering:Keep soil Earth should not it is too dry or it is overly wet preferably, generally watering the spring and summer more;It to water less in winter, pour within 2 days a water;4. fitting The fertilising of amount:When growth period, phosphorus potash fertilizer is added, this is also beneficial to the growth of stock;5. timing trim, is dredged Flower:When stock bud is intensive, work is regularly trimmed, weak branch is cut, removes bud, reduces nutrient consumption, It can also promote absorption of the stock to nutriment simultaneously;6. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:When have both diseases of black points, anthracnose and Aphid when the insect pests such as longicorn, should prevent the pesticide of above-mentioned pest and disease damage to stock sprinkling in time;;
(3) selection of scion:The Camellia nitidissima kind of selection is common Camellia nitidissima;
(4) cleft graft grafting is chosen diameter of stock and is grafted more than 1cm branches, and 10 ㎝ above sections of branch are clipped, With grafting knife in stock cross section far from interface, interface depth 1.6cm are cut out at outside 1/3 vertically downward;Below scion bud eye Both sides at 0.5cm are whittled into the symmetrical bevel of two length 2.0cm, the wedge shape for facilitating insertion into the interface are formed, then in bud It is cut at the 1cm of eye top, while retaining a piece of leaf on scion bud, obtaining band, there are one the scion of bud and a piece of leaf;1 will be carried The interface of stock is gently inserted into the scion of a bud and a piece of leaf, pays attention to that stock forming layer and the forming layer of scion is made to be aligned, engagement When scion show money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.4cm, then wrapped up with grafting dedicated film, grafting part wrapped up successively from top to bottom, And it is wrapped in after unfolding the blade of reservation on stock and wraps up together, prevent leaves water loss;
(5) managing after grafting:After grafting, moisture-keeping shading and removing in time is sprouted, primary every 4d waterings, keeps ground moistening, Shading shed is built after grafting to shade, the sun is prevented to be exposed to the sun, and after 25d is completed in grafting, grafting starts to survive germination.
The method described in embodiment 1-3 is respectively adopted to be applied in golden flower tea Engraftments, and to Camellia nitidissima after grafting The performances such as survival rate, the pumping tip rate of seedling are measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The performance measurement for the Camellia nitidissima seedling that the method for 1 present invention of table obtains
Note:Control is grafted using traditional engrafting method.
As shown in Table 1, the survival rate and pumping tip rate of the golden flower tea shoots of method of the invention grafting are relatively high, significantly high In control, soil is efficiently utilized in engrafting method of the invention, while saving time and human cost, and gold is carried out to be extensive Jasmine tea breeding provides new technical support.
The description of the aforementioned specific exemplary embodiment to the present invention is in order to illustrate and illustration purpose.These descriptions It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to the above instruction, can much be changed And variation.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explaining the specific principle of the present invention and its actually answering With so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize the present invention a variety of different exemplary implementation schemes and Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) selection of stock:Select the red dew treasure with the same category of Camellia nitidissima as stock;
(2) cultivation of stock:1. the demand of soil:Selection contains the higher soil of humus, the soil of inclined subacidity, and pH value is 5.0-6.5;2. suitable growth temperature:The suitable growth temperature of the red precious stock of dew is 18-25 DEG C;3. suitable watering:It protects Hold soil should not it is too dry or it is overly wet preferably, generally watering the spring and summer more;It to water, pour within 2-3 days primary less in winter Water;4. suitable fertilising:When growth period, phosphorus potash fertilizer is added, this is also beneficial to the growth of stock;5. timing repair It cuts, flower thinning:When stock bud is intensive, work is regularly trimmed, weak branch is cut, removes bud, reduces nutrient Consumption, while can also promote absorption of the stock to nutriment;6. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:When have black points, anthracnose both When disease and aphid, longicorn insect pest, the pesticide of above-mentioned pest and disease damage should be prevented to stock sprinkling in time;
(3) selection of scion:The Camellia nitidissima kind of selection is common Camellia nitidissima (Camellia petelotii);
(4) cleft graft grafting is chosen diameter of stock and is grafted more than 1cm branches, 10 ㎝ above sections of branch is clipped, with transferring Knife is connect in stock cross section far from cutting out interface, interface depth 1.3-2.0cm at the 1/3-1/2 of outside vertically downward;Under scion bud eye Both sides at square 0.5cm are whittled into the symmetrical bevel of two length 1.5-2.5cm, form the wedge shape for facilitating insertion into the interface, so It is cut at 1cm above the bud eye afterwards, while retaining a piece of leaf on scion bud, obtaining band, there are one the scion of bud and a piece of leaf; Scion with 1 bud and a piece of leaf is gently inserted into the interface of stock, pays attention to making stock forming layer and the forming layer pair of scion Standard, when engagement scion show money or valuables one carries unintentionally 0.2-0.5cm, then wrapped up with grafting dedicated film, to grafting part from top to bottom into Row is wrapped up successively, and is wrapped in after the blade of reservation is unfolded on stock and is wrapped up together;
(5) managing after grafting:After grafting, moisture-keeping shading and removing in time is sprouted, primary every 3-5d waterings, is kept ground moistening, is transferred Shading shed is built after connecing to shade, the sun is prevented to be exposed to the sun, and after 20-30d is completed in grafting, grafting starts to survive germination.
CN201810311765.5A 2018-04-09 2018-04-09 A kind of engrafting method of Camellia nitidissima high-survival rate Pending CN108633517A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111296099A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-06-19 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Camellia nitidissima big branch grafting method
CN111345165A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-06-30 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Method for quickly cultivating four-season golden camellia bonsai

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CN111296099A (en) * 2020-03-02 2020-06-19 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Camellia nitidissima big branch grafting method
CN111345165A (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-06-30 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 Method for quickly cultivating four-season golden camellia bonsai

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Application publication date: 20181012