CN108486661A - Oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities and its application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preparing oriented nanofiber yarns and a method for using the same. A hollow outer cylinder is provided with air holes distributed in a matrix along the circumferential direction, and an airflow gathering inner sleeve is fixedly arranged inside the hollow outer cylinder and communicates with the hollow outer cylinder. The sleeve is connected with the suction device. The hollow outer drum is driven to rotate by the transmission mechanism. The dense mesh is covered on the surface of the hollow outer drum. The surface of the hollow outer drum is separated by an insulating partition ring to form a fiber bundle groove. The electrospinning spinning mechanism and the hollow outer drum The drums are arranged correspondingly, and the twisting and winding mechanisms are respectively arranged correspondingly to each fiber bundle groove. The method of use includes: opening the electrospinning spinning mechanism to generate a jet of spinning solution; opening the transmission mechanism to drive the hollow outer cylinder to rotate; opening the suction device to extract air, and the spinning solution is gathered and arranged to form oriented nanofiber bundles; twisting and winding . The invention realizes the strip-bundling and continuous production of nanofibers, has high orientation, ensures structural integrity, and improves production efficiency.

Description

Oriented nanofiber yarn preparation device and method of use thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nanofiber yarn preparation, and in particular relates to an orientation nanofiber yarn preparation device and a use method thereof.

Background technique

The biggest feature of nanofibers is small diameter and large specific surface area. As the diameter of the fiber becomes thinner, the number of surface atoms, surface tension and surface energy increase sharply, thus showing specificity in physicochemical aspects. Therefore, trying to combine nanotechnology with the traditional textile industry in order to improve the status quo of the textile industry and process functional textiles with high added value has been the goal of many textile research scholars and fiber scientists. There are many ways to prepare nanofibers, and the processing technology of electrospinning is simple. Since Anton formhals obtained the US patent in 1934, this method of spinning with the help of electrostatic field has been widely concerned. So far, most electrospun nanofibers are collected in the form of non-woven fabrics or loosely oriented fiber bundles, due to their haphazard structure, low mechanical properties, lack of stitch-bonding, and difficulties in mass production. It cannot have the same wide application as traditional textile fiber materials (woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, etc.), which greatly limits its application in various fields. Therefore, preparing nanofibers into continuous nanofiber yarns to make them have better mechanical properties and weavability is the development direction in recent years.

At present, devices related to electrospinning nanofiber yarns have emerged one after another and have achieved some breakthrough results. Teo [TeoWE, Polymer, 2007, 48, 3400-3405] etc. use liquid coagulation bath to prepare continuous oriented nanofiber yarn. This method is to twist the fiber by the eddy current of the liquid, and the degree of orientation is not high, and it is only applicable to Electrospinning of water-insoluble polymers. [Afifi AM, Macromol Mater Eng, 2010(295), 660-665] etc., Dalton [Dalton PD, Polymer, 2005(46), 611-614] etc., Lee [Lee J H, Polymer, 2016, 84, 52- 58] and others used funnel-shaped targets, circular, circular and other collecting devices to prepare continuously oriented nanofiber yarns. The fibers obtained by these methods had a thicker straight warp or the length of the yarn prepared by holding and twisting at both ends was too short. Unable to meet actual needs. In recent years, the commonly used method for preparing continuously oriented nanofiber yarn is the double-needle conjugate arrangement method. Chinese patent 201310058070.8 discloses a continuous preparation device and method for oriented electrospinning nanofiber yarn, which uses this double-needle conjugate arrangement. Law. This yarn forming method mainly includes two needles of opposite polarities, a metal disc and a metal hollow rod. The two needles are arranged opposite to each other. The attraction of the hollow rod to the nanofibers forms a twisted yarn triangular area between the metal disc and the metal hollow rod, which can prepare oriented nanofiber yarns, but there is still a spinning twisted triangular area that causes uneven force on the fibers The problem that the head cannot be continuously produced makes the twist of the prepared nanofiber yarn uncontrollable and the yarn continuity is poor.

It can be seen from the above studies that although there are many methods for preparing electrospun yarns, nanofiber yarns are mainly prepared by using single or double needles, and the yield is very low, which cannot meet the needs of industrial production. However, the spinning area of the needleless nozzle is so large that it cannot be directly gathered at one point to form a yarn. Patent CN105970309A discloses a method of spraying nanofibers onto filaments and then dissolving the filaments to obtain nanofiber yarns. The process is complicated, and the obtained nanofibers are disorderly and have poor mechanical properties. Patent CN106835412A discloses a method of cutting the nanofiber film into thin strips, and then separating the thin strips from the substrate and twisting them into yarns. Cutting the nanofibers by this method will destroy its structure, and the nanofibers in the yarn obtained are discontinuous.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for preparing oriented nanofiber yarn and its use method, which can realize slitting and continuous production of nanofibers, highly oriented, ensure structural integrity, and improve production efficiency.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a preparation device for oriented nanofiber yarn, including an electrospinning spinning mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a fiber bundle collecting mechanism and several twisting and winding mechanisms, and the fiber bundle collecting The mechanism includes suction equipment, airflow gathering inner sleeve, hollow outer drum, dense mesh and insulating partition ring, the hollow outer drum is provided with air holes distributed in a matrix along the circumference, and the airflow gathering inner sleeve is fixedly arranged on the hollow outer drum The inner sleeve is connected with the hollow outer drum, the air flow gathering inner sleeve is connected with the suction device, the hollow outer drum is driven to rotate through the transmission mechanism, the dense mesh is covered on the outer surface of the hollow outer drum, and the hollow outer drum The surface is separated by insulating partition rings arranged at intervals to form several fiber bundle grooves along the circumference, the electrospinning spinning mechanism is arranged corresponding to the hollow outer drum, and the several twisting and winding mechanisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the fiber bundle grooves.

Each of the fiber bundling grooves includes at least one air vent, and the distance between two adjacent insulating separation rings forming each fiber bundling groove and the air hole in the corresponding fiber bundling groove is equal.

The airflow gathering inner sleeve is a cylindrical structure with connecting rods at both ends, the suction device is connected to the connecting rod at one end of the airflow gathering inner sleeve and the connecting rod connected to the suction device has an air passage inside, An air collecting groove communicated with the air passage of the connecting rod is opened on the cylindrical structure.

The airflow gathering inner sleeve is supported on the bracket by connecting rods at both ends and relatively fastened by fixing blocks at both ends.

Both ends of the hollow outer drum are respectively equipped with end caps, and the hollow outer drum and the airflow gathering inner sleeve are coaxially assembled through bearings.

The transmission mechanism includes a motor, a first pulley, a transmission belt and a second pulley, the first pulley is connected with the rotating shaft of the motor, the second pulley is connected with the end cover, the first pulley and the second pulley are The two pulleys are connected and driven by a transmission belt.

The insulating spacer rings include two first insulating spacer rings and a plurality of second insulating spacer rings, the two first insulating spacer rings are respectively fixed at both ends of the hollow outer drum, and the plurality of second insulating spacer rings are arranged at intervals Between the two first insulating separating rings, the first insulating separating ring has a width of 5 cm to 50 cm and a thickness of 1 mm to 5 cm, and the second insulating separating ring has a width of 1 cm to 20 cm and a thickness of 1 mm to 5 cm , the width of each fiber bundle groove is 1cm-10cm.

The meshes of the dense mesh are evenly distributed, and the meshes are 100 mesh to 10000 mesh.

The electrospinning spinning mechanism includes several needle-free spinnerets, automatic liquid supply equipment, adjustable bases and high-voltage electrostatic generators, and the several needle-free spinnerets are installed on the adjustable base and located on the hollow outer drum Below, the needle-free spinneret is supplied with liquid through an automatic liquid supply device, and is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator to generate a jet of spinning solution.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is to provide a method for using the above-mentioned oriented nanofiber yarn preparation device, comprising the following steps:

a) Turn on the electrospinning spinning mechanism to generate a jet of spinning solution to the hollow outer drum;

b) Open the transmission mechanism to drive the hollow outer drum to rotate, and the spinning solution received by the hollow outer drum is deposited into the fiber bundle tank;

c) Open the air suction device for air extraction, a negative pressure airflow is generated at the pores of the hollow outer drum, and the deposited spinning solution is gathered and arranged under the double action of high-speed rotation and negative pressure airflow to form oriented nanofiber bundles;

d) drawing the oriented nanofiber bundles generated in each fiber bundle groove to a corresponding twisting and winding mechanism for twisting and winding to obtain nanofiber yarns.

Beneficial effect

The invention integrates the spinning of the spinning solution, the separation, orientation, transfer, cohesion, twisting, drafting and winding of the spinning solution, and can continuously prepare nanofiber yarns in batches; the nanofibers are bundled to the fibers by using an insulating separation ring Gathering in the middle of the groove realizes the slitting and bundling of nanofibers without cutting and will not damage the structure of nanofibers, ensuring the integrity of the nanofiber yarn structure; using the dual effects of high-speed rotation of the fiber bundle collection mechanism and negative pressure airflow , so that the generated nanofibers are highly oriented; multiple strands of oriented nanofiber yarns can be produced at the same time, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fiber bundle collecting mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the airflow gathering inner sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hollow outer cylinder of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

A preparation device for oriented nanofiber yarn as shown in FIG. 1 includes an electrospinning spinning mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a fiber bundle collecting mechanism and a twisting and winding mechanism 1 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the fiber bundle collection mechanism includes an air suction device 2 , an inner sleeve 3 for airflow gathering, a hollow outer drum 4 , a dense mesh 5 , two first insulating spacer rings 18 and nine second insulating spacer rings 19 .

As shown in Figure 3, the airflow gathering inner sleeve 3 is a cylindrical structure with connecting rods at both ends, and the connecting rods at both ends are respectively threaded, and the airflow gathering inner sleeve 3 is supported on the bracket 11 through the connecting rods at both ends , and relatively tightened and fixed by the fixing blocks 12 at both ends. The inhalation device 2 is connected to the connecting rod at one end of the airflow gathering inner sleeve 3 through the trachea interface 21, and the connecting rod connected to the inhalation device 2 has an air channel inside, and the cylinder structure has an air channel connected with the connecting rod. the gas collection tank.

The hollow outer cylinder 4 is made of metal conductive material. As shown in Figure 4, the hollow outer cylinder 4 is provided with air holes 20 distributed in a matrix along the circumference, with screw holes at both ends, and end caps are respectively installed on both ends of the hollow outer cylinder 4. 13. The end caps 13 are made of high-resistance insulating material, and the two end caps 13 are fixed to the ends of the hollow outer drum 4 by screws. The hollow outer drum 4 and the air-gathering inner sleeve 3 are coaxially assembled through bearings, the air-gathering inner sleeve 3 is fixed inside the hollow outer drum 4, and the inner ring of the bearing cooperates with the connecting rods at both ends of the air-gathering inner sleeve 3 , the outer ring is connected with the end caps 13 at both ends of the hollow outer drum 4 . The collecting groove of the airflow collecting inner sleeve 3 communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow outer drum 4 .

The dense mesh 5 is made of high-resistance insulating material and covers the outer surface of the hollow outer drum 4 . The meshes of the dense mesh 5 are evenly distributed, and the meshes are 100 mesh to 10000 mesh. The two first insulating separating rings 18 are made of high-resistance insulating materials, which are respectively fixed on the two ends of the hollow outer drum 4 and arranged close to the end cover 13. The width of the first insulating separating ring 18 is 5 cm to 50 cm, and the thickness is 1 mm to 5cm. The nine second insulating separation rings 19 are made of high-resistance insulating material, and are arranged at intervals between the two first insulating separation rings 18. The width of the second insulating separation rings 19 is 1cm-20cm, and the thickness is 1mm-5cm. Through the separation of the first insulating spacer ring 18 and the second insulating spacer ring 19, ten fiber bundle grooves 6 along the circumferential direction are formed on the surface of the hollow outer drum 4, and the width of the fiber bundle grooves 6 is 1 cm to 10 cm, and yarns are prepared according to requirements. According to the requirements of the wire, the width of each fiber bundle groove 6 can be the same or different. Each fiber bundling groove 6 includes an air vent 20 , and the distance between two adjacent insulating separating rings forming each fiber bundling groove 6 and the air hole 20 in the corresponding fiber bundling groove 6 is equal.

The hollow outer cylinder 4 is driven to rotate through a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a motor 14 , a first pulley 15 , a transmission belt 16 and a second pulley 17 . The first pulley 15 is connected with the rotating shaft of the motor 14 , the second pulley 17 is connected with the end cover 13 , and the first pulley 15 and the second pulley 17 are connected and driven by a transmission belt 16 .

The electrospinning spinning mechanism is correspondingly arranged below the hollow outer drum 4 . The electrospinning spinning mechanism includes a needle-free spinning head 7 , an automatic liquid supply device 8 , an adjustable base 9 and a high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 . Needle-free spinnerets 7 can be set as single or multiple as needed, and multiple needle-free spinnerets 7 are installed side by side on the adjustable base 9 , and the spinning direction is upward toward the hollow outer drum 4 . The needle-free spinneret 7 is supplied with liquid through the automatic liquid supply device 8, and after the high-voltage static electricity is introduced through the electrostatic binding post connected to the high-voltage electrostatic generator 10, the free liquid surface of the spinning solution on the needle-free spinneret 7 is under the electrostatic force. Under the action of multiple jets.

Twisting and winding mechanisms 1 are correspondingly arranged under each fiber bundling groove 6 , and are used for collecting, twisting and winding the oriented nanofibers generated in the corresponding fiber bundling grooves 6 .

A method for preparing oriented nanofiber yarns using the above-mentioned device is provided below. The spinning solution is a solution with a mass concentration of 10% prepared by polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and dimethylformamide (DMF), including the following steps :

a) Turn on the electrospinning spinneret, and inject the spinning solution into the needle-free spinneret 7 through the automatic liquid supply device 8,

After connecting the needle-free spinneret 7 with the positive pole terminal of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 10 and introducing high-voltage static electricity,

The free liquid surface of the solution on the needle-free spinneret 7 begins to form a jet, which produces a jet of spinning solution to the hollow outer cylinder 4;

b) Turn on the motor 1 to drive the hollow outer cylinder 4 to rotate, and the multiple jets formed by the needle-free spinneret 7 are received by the hollow outer cylinder 4. Resistivity, the jet tends to deposit towards the middle of the fiber bundle groove 6.

c) Open the suction device 2 for air extraction, the air hole 20 of the hollow outer drum 4 produces a negative pressure airflow, due to the existence of the dense net 5, the nanofiber will not be sucked in the air hole 20, and will be in the air hole 20 of the hollow outer drum 4 Under the dual effects of high-speed rotation and negative pressure airflow, they are respectively gathered and oriented along the arrangement direction of the pores 20 to form continuously oriented nanofiber bundles;

d) Draw the oriented nanofiber bundles produced in each fiber bundle groove 6 to the corresponding twisting and winding mechanism 1 for twisting and winding to obtain nanofiber yarns.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities, including Static Spinning thread spraying structure, transmission mechanism, fibre bundle collecting mechanism With several twisting and winding mechanisms (1), it is characterised in that：The fibre bundle collecting mechanism includes suction device (2), in airflow concentration Sleeve (3), hollow outer roller (4), dense mess (5) and dielectric separation ring, the hollow outer roller (4) is circumferentially arranged with matrix form The stomata (20) of distribution, the airflow concentration inner sleeve (3) be fixedly installed on hollow outer roller (4) it is internal and with hollow outer roller (4) it is connected to, the airflow concentration inner sleeve (3) connect with suction device (2), and the hollow outer roller (4) passes through transmission mechanism Driving rotation, the dense mess (5) is covered in the outer surface of hollow outer roller (4), between hollow outer roller (4) surface passes through Be separated to form several collection of filaments slots (6) circumferentially every the dielectric separation ring of setting, the Static Spinning thread spraying structure with it is hollow Outer roller (4) is correspondingly arranged, and several twisting and winding mechanisms (1) are correspondingly arranged with each collection of filaments slot (6) respectively.

2. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Each fiber collection A gas vent (20) is included at least in beam slot (6), forms the two adjacent dielectric separation rings and respective fiber of each collection of filaments slot (6) The distance between stomata (20) in boundling slot (6) is equal.

3. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The airflow concentration Inner sleeve (3) is the cylindrical structure that both ends carry connecting rod, the suction device (2) and airflow concentration inner sleeve (3) one end Connecting rod connection and the connecting rod that is connect with suction device (2) in be provided with air flue, be provided with and connect on the cylindrical structure The pneumatic trough that bar air flue is connected.

4. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The airflow concentration Inner sleeve (3) is supported on holder (11) by the connecting rod at both ends and by the fixed block at both ends (12) tightened relative.

5. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hollow outer rolling The both ends of cylinder (4) are separately installed with end cap (13), pass through axis between the hollow outer roller (4) and airflow concentration inner sleeve (3) Hold coaxial assembly.

6. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The transmission mechanism Including motor (14), first pulley (15), transmission belt (16) and the second belt wheel (17), the first pulley (15) and motor (14) Shaft connection, second belt wheel (17) connect with end cap (13), and the first pulley (15) and the second belt wheel (17) pass through Transmission belt (16) connection transmission.

7. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dielectric separation Ring includes two the first dielectric separation rings (18) and several second dielectric separation rings (19), described two first dielectric separation rings (18) both ends of hollow outer roller (4) are individually fixed in, several second dielectric separation rings (19) are arranged at intervals at two Between one dielectric separation ring (18), the width of the first dielectric separation ring (18) is 5cm~50cm, thickness is 1mm~5cm, The width of the second dielectric separation ring (19) is 1cm~20cm, thickness is 1mm~5cm, the width of each collection of filaments slot (6) For 1cm~10cm.

8. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The dense mess (5) mesh is uniformly distributed, mesh is the mesh of 100 mesh~10000.

9. a kind of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Static Spinning spray Silk mechanism includes several needle-free spinning heads (7), automatic liquid supply equipment (8), adjustable base (9) and HV generator (10), several needle-free spinning heads (7) are installed on the lower section on adjustable base (9) and positioned at hollow outer roller (4), described Needle-free spinning head (7) by automatic liquid supply equipment (8) feed flow, by connect with HV generator (10) generate spinning it is molten Liquid jet stream.

10. a kind of application method of oriented nanofibers yarn preparation facilities described in claim 1, includes the following steps：

A) jet stream that Static Spinning thread spraying structure generates spinning solution to hollow outer roller (4) is opened；

B) opening transmission mechanism drives hollow outer roller (4) to rotate, and the spinning solution that hollow outer roller (4) receives is to fiber Deposition in boundling slot (6)；

C) it opens suction device (2) to be evacuated, negative pressure gas flow, the spinning of deposition is generated at the stomata (20) of hollow outer roller (4) Silk solution gathers arrangement under the double action of high speed rotation and negative pressure gas flow and forms oriented nanofibers beam；

D) by the oriented nanofibers beam generated in each collection of filaments slot (6) draw into corresponding twisting and winding mechanism (1) into Row twisting winding obtains nano-fibre yams.