CN107938082A - A kind of mass preparation method of electrostatic spinning nano fiber/cotton antibacterial covering yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a batch preparation method of electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn, comprising: preparation of spinning solution, preparation of nanofiber coated silk, preparation of cotton roving, electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial coating Preparation of core yarn. The invention is simple and can be mass-produced, and the multi-layer core-spun composite structure of filaments, nanofibers, and cotton staple fibers is conducive to improving the wear and tear of nanofibers during processing and use, and significantly improving the antibacterial properties of yarns. The durability of antibacterial textiles can effectively solve the technical problem of poor durability of antibacterial textiles.

Description

A batch preparation method of electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of textile processing, and in particular relates to a batch preparation method of electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn.

Background technique

The functionalization of fabrics has always been one of the research hotspots in improving the grade and added value of textile products and expanding the application field of textile products. Antibacterial textiles can inhibit the growth of bacteria while ensuring the use of antibacterial agents that have no toxic and side effects on the human body, and significantly reduce the risk of human illness caused by bacteria, so they are favored by consumers.

At present, there are a large number of antibacterial textiles on the market, and most of these antibacterial textiles are made by textile post-treatment. Which includes (1) antibacterial coating treatment on the surface of the garment. Although this method has high industrial production efficiency and excellent antibacterial properties of antibacterial fabrics, the combination of antibacterial agents and fibers or fabrics is a physical action. Therefore, antibacterial The antibacterial agent is easy to fall off, and the washability of the antibacterial fabric is relatively poor; in addition, the coating of the antibacterial agent has seriously affected various wearable properties including the air permeability of the fabric; (2) grafting the antibacterial agent on the surface of the fiber or yarn, this Although this method can endow the fabric with better antibacterial properties, the production efficiency is low, and the preparation process is cumbersome and the controllability is poor. It can be seen that antibacterial textiles that truly meet the dual requirements of consumer demand and textile processing still need further research and development.

Electrospinning, as an emerging technology capable of continuously preparing micro-nanofibers in batches, has become the most widely used method for preparing nanofibers. The diameter of nanofibers prepared by electrospinning is usually between tens and hundreds of nanometers, which has a significant nano-effect. Due to its high specific surface area, high surface energy, and large aspect ratio, it is widely used in filtration, Biological tissue engineering, antibacterial, drug sustained release, sensing and detection, energy and other research fields.

The combination of electrospinning technology and traditional textile technology is not only beneficial to realize the industrial application of electrospinning technology, but also endows traditional textiles with new functionality and enhances the added value of textiles without changing the wearability of textiles. And product grade, this direction has become a research hotspot in the cross field of spinning and electrospinning. At present, some researchers have made relevant research and reports on this. The invention patent "Spinning Device and Spinning Method of Nanofiber and Filament Composite Yarn" published by the China Intellectual Property Office on November 01, 2012, the patent The application number is ZL201210433332.X. This patent application proposes a spinning device and method for compounding nanofibers and filaments. Nanofibers are deposited on two filaments by electrospinning technology, and then the two filaments are The filaments are gathered and twisted to obtain a nanofiber composite filament yarn with both nanoeffect and strength, which solves the problem of low strength of nanofibers in practical applications to a certain extent. However, if it is directly applied to weaving into cloth, since most of the nanofibers are exposed on the outer surface of the yarn, the nanofibers on the surface of the filament are easily scraped off during processing and final use, losing the original nano-effect. Based on this, the China Intellectual Property Office published the invention patent "Preparation Method of Nanofiber Blended Composite Yarn" on November 20, 2013. The patent application number is ZL201310586642.X. The patent application discloses an electrospun nanofiber /Cotton blended yarn preparation method, the method is through technical transformation in the cotton spinning carding part, using the TAYLOR cone multi-nozzle electrostatic spinning machine for electrostatic spinning, and allowing the nanofibers produced during the spinning process to be directly deposited on the carding net , compounded with cotton net and gathered into sliver, and then prepared nanofiber/cotton blended yarn through multiple drawing, roving, spun yarn and other processes, which can realize the functionalization of yarn, and has good production practice guiding significance. However, in this method, the low distribution of nanofibers in the blended yarn and poor uniform distribution are still huge problems hindering its industrial production. China Intellectual Property Office published the invention patent on January 18, 2017 "Integrated Yarn Forming Method of Nano Electrospinning and Short Fiber Ring Spinning". The patent application number is CN201610847286.6. A single-needle electrospinning device is installed between the yarn guide hook of the yarn machine and the jaws of the front roller for spinning, so that the nanofiber web and the strands are converged and twisted, aiming at preparing nanofiber-wrapped spun yarn. However, the outer layer of wrapped yarn prepared by this method is nanofibers, which also has the fatal problem of nanofibers falling off during subsequent processing and use, and in the preparation process, because the vicinity of the deposition area is basically a metal part, which interferes with the spinning process, making The deposition of nanofibers is extremely disordered. When the spinning time is long, the fibers are deposited into a film, which may even affect the normal short fiber spinning process. China Intellectual Property Office published an invention patent on January 18, 2017, "A Filament Ring-Spinning Composite Spinning Method for Nano- and Micro-Scale Reinforcing Fibers". The patent application number is CN201610837502.9. The filament feeding device is introduced on the basis of the spinning frame, and nanofibers are deposited on the surface of the filaments by electrospinning, and then the filaments coated with nanofibers are inserted into the nip of the front roller and twisted together with the short fibers into yarn . This method can theoretically prepare nanofiber/filament/short fiber composite yarn, but the process of nanofiber deposition on the surface of filament is uncontrollable, and under the interference of other metal devices, the spinning process is extremely unstable, which seriously restricts the final The performance properties of yarns and even textiles.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mass production method of electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn. The core-spun composite structure is conducive to improving the wear and tear of nanofibers during processing and use, significantly improving the antibacterial durability of yarns, and effectively solving the technical problem of poor durability of antibacterial textiles.

A batch preparation method of electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn of the present invention, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Dissolve the polymer in a solvent, add an antibacterial agent, and stir to obtain a spinning solution. Electrospinning the chemical fiber filament bundle and the spinning solution to obtain nanofiber-coated silk, wherein the high polymer in the spinning solution The concentration of the antibacterial agent is 6-15wt%, and the concentration of the antibacterial agent in the spinning solution is 1wt%-5wt%;

(2) Spinning short cotton fibers to obtain cotton rovings;

(3) Feeding the nanofiber-coated silk into the filament feeding device of the ring spinning machine in step (1), feeding the cotton spun roving into the drafting mechanism of the ring spinning machine in step (2), It is output together with the nanofiber covered yarn at the nip of the front roller, and twisted to obtain the electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn.

In the step (1), the solvent is DMF or deionized water; the high polymer is polyacrylonitrile PAN, polyvinyl alcohol PVA or polyethylene oxide PEO; the antibacterial agent is triclosan, chitosan or biguanide.

In the step (1), the chemical fiber filament bundle is spandex filament bundle, polyester filament bundle or nylon filament bundle; the fineness of the chemical fiber filament bundle is 20-150 dtex.

Electrospinning in the step (1) is carried out in an electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine.

The electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine is the electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine disclosed in Chinese patent CN201310058070.8 "A device and method for continuously preparing oriented electrospinning nanofiber yarn", which includes a metal circular target and Yarn guiding rod, the center of the metal circular target is connected to one end of the insulating rod, the insulating rod is driven to rotate by the motor I, and the yarn guiding rod is located directly below the metal circular target and is symmetrically opposite to the metal circular target configuration, the distance between the metal circular target and the yarn guide rod is adjustable, and the adjustable range is 1cm-20cm. The yarn guide rod is an internal hollow structure, and the cylindrical rear end is made of insulating material. The guide rod The metal tip at the front of the yarn rod is aligned with the center of the metal circular target. Below the yarn guide rod is the yarn bobbin and is arranged perpendicular to the yarn bobbin. The yarn bobbin is driven to rotate by the motor II. The metal circular target, insulating rod , the motor I, and the yarn guide rod are arranged on the same central straight line, and the left and right sides of the metal circular target and the yarn guide rod are arranged with mutually symmetrical spinneret I and spinneret II, and the spinneret I and the spinneret The head II is on the same straight line, and the straight line is perpendicular to the straight line where the metal circular target and the yarn guide rod are located. The spinneret I is connected to the high-voltage electrostatic positive pole terminal, and the spinneret II is connected to the high-voltage electrostatic negative pole. The columns are connected, and the jet I formed by the spinneret I and the jet II formed by the spinneret II overlap between the metal circular target and the metal tip at the front of the yarn guide rod.

The process parameters of electrospinning in the step (1) are: the solution supply rate of a single needle is 0.2-0.8ml/h, the vertical distance from the tip of the needle to the filament is 10-15cm, the applied voltage is 10-15kv, and the length The moving speed of the silk is 1-10cm/s, the spinning temperature is 20-25°C, and the relative humidity of the environment is 30%-65%.

In the step (1), the thickness of the surface-coated nanofibers in the nanofiber-coated filaments can be reasonably regulated by parameters such as the liquid supply rate of the spinning solution, the moving speed of the filaments, and the applied voltage.

The process of spinning in the step (2) includes cotton blending, opening and cleaning, carding, combing, 1-2 draw frames and roving.

Various process parameters in the preparation process of the cotton spun roving in the step (2) can be flexibly set according to the requirements of the final product.

In the step (3), the electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn is composed of a filament bundle core layer and an outer layer of cotton fibers coated with electrospun nanofibers.

The invention combines the electrospinning technology with the traditional spinning technology to prepare durable antibacterial core-spun yarns in batches. In the present invention, a core yarn feeding device is installed on the ring spinning machine, and the roving is fed by the nip of the rear roller, and is drafted by the drafting mechanism to reach the nip of the front roller; the nanofiber-coated yarn can pass through the feeding device of the core yarn It is introduced into the nip of the front roller, merged with the cotton staple fiber, and embedded in the yarn body to obtain the nanofiber/filament/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn.

Beneficial effect

The invention is simple and can be mass-produced, and the multi-layer core-spun composite structure of filaments, nanofibers, and cotton staple fibers is conducive to improving the wear and tear of nanofibers during processing and use, and significantly improving the antibacterial properties of yarns. The durability of antibacterial textiles can effectively solve the technical problem of poor durability of antibacterial textiles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device for preparing nanofiber coated silk according to the present invention, wherein 1 is a high-voltage electrostatic positive electrode terminal, 2 is a propulsion pump, 3 is a spinneret, 4 is a filament bundle, 5 is a motor, and 6 is a metal circular Target, 7 is a jet, 8 is an insulating rod, and 9 is a high-voltage electrostatic negative terminal;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the device for preparing electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn in the present invention, wherein 1 is a nanofiber covered silk, 2 is a front top roller, 3 is a front roller, and 4 is a yarn twisting and winding device, 5 is cotton roving;

Fig. 4 is the electron micrograph of nanofiber-coated filament in embodiment 1, (a) is the surface topography figure of nanofiber-coated long filament, (b) is the cross-sectional view of nanofiber-coated long filament;

Fig. 5 is the 50 times electron micrograph (a) and the 500 times electron micrograph (b) of the electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn in embodiment 1.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Example 1

(1) 10g polyacrylonitrile (molecular weight is 78000) is dissolved in 85gDMF, then adds 5g triclosan antibacterial agent, and mixed solution is stirred in magnetic stirrer, obtains that antibacterial agent concentration is 5wt%, polyacrylonitrile concentration is 10wt% uniform spinning liquid; use the electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine to prepare nanofiber coated filaments, feed the polyester filament bundle into the electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine, use the above spinning solution for electrospinning, injector The liquid supply rate is 0.5ml/h, the applied voltage intensity is 10kv, the ambient temperature T is 25°C, the relative humidity RH is 50%, the vertical distance between the needle of the syringe and the filament is 15cm, and the fineness of the polyester filament bundle is 80dtex. The filament winding speed was 5 cm/s to obtain nanofiber-coated filaments.

(2) Raw cotton is prepared into 300tex cotton roving on cotton spinning equipment through cotton blending, opening and cleaning, carding, combing, 1-2 drawing and roving.

(3) Feed the nanofiber-coated filament into the filament feeding device of the ring spinning machine in step (1), and feed the cotton roving in step (2) into the drafting mechanism of the ring spinning machine , the roving is thinned into strands under the drafting action of the rear roller, the middle roller and the front roller, and reaches the nip of the front roller, merges with the nanofiber-coated yarn, and is output from the nip of the front roller together, twisted, and 60 counts and Antibacterial corespun yarn with 300 twist.

Figure 4 shows that the outer antibacterial nanofiber layer covers the inner filaments well, and the outer layer has a large amount of antibacterial nanofibers, which is conducive to good antibacterial performance.

Figure 5 shows that: in the nanofiber/cotton core-spun yarn prepared in this example, the nanofiber-coated filament is well covered by the outermost cotton fiber, thereby effectively avoiding wear and tear during long-term use and damage, significantly improving the antibacterial durability of the yarn.

Example 2

(1) 10g polyacrylonitrile (molecular weight is 78000) is dissolved in 85gDMF, then adds 5g biguanide antibacterial agent, and mixed solution is stirred evenly in magnetic stirrer, and obtaining antibacterial agent concentration is 5wt%, polyacrylonitrile concentration is 10wt% The uniform spinning liquid; the electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine is used to prepare nanofiber coated yarn, the polyester filament bundle is fed into the electrospinning nanofiber yarn machine, and the above spinning solution is used for electrostatic spinning, and the supply of the syringe is The liquid velocity is 0.5ml/h, the applied voltage intensity is 10kv, the ambient temperature T is 25°C, the relative humidity RH is 45%, the vertical distance between the needle of the syringe and the filament is 12cm, the fineness of the polyester filament bundle is 80dtex, and the filament The winding speed was 5 cm/s to obtain nanofiber-coated filaments.

(2) Raw cotton is prepared into 300tex cotton roving on cotton spinning equipment through cotton blending, opening and cleaning, carding, combing, 1-2 drawing and roving.

(3) Feed the nanofiber-coated filament into the filament feeding device of the ring spinning machine in step (1), and feed the cotton roving in step (2) into the drafting mechanism of the ring spinning machine , the roving is thinned into strands under the drafting action of the rear roller, the middle roller and the front roller, and reaches the nip of the front roller, merges with the nanofiber-coated yarn, and is output from the nip of the front roller together, twisted, and 60 counts and Antibacterial corespun yarn with 350 twist.

Claims (6)

1. A batch preparation method of electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn, the concrete steps are as follows: (1) Dissolve the high polymer in a solvent, add an antibacterial agent, stir to obtain a spinning solution, and perform electrospinning of the chemical fiber filament bundle and the spinning solution to obtain nanofiber-coated silk, wherein the high polymer in the spinning solution The concentration of the substance is 6-15wt%, and the concentration of the antibacterial agent in the spinning solution is 1wt%-5wt%; (2) Spinning short cotton fibers to obtain cotton rovings; (3) Feed the nanofiber-coated filament into the filament feeding device of the ring spinning machine in step (1), and feed the cotton spun roving into the drafting mechanism of the ring spinning machine in step (2) , output together with the nanofiber covering yarn at the nip of the front roller, and twist to obtain the electrospun nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn. 2. according to the batch preparation method of a kind of electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), solvent is DMF or deionized water; High polymer is Polyacrylonitrile PAN, polyvinyl alcohol PVA or polyethylene oxide PEO; antibacterial agent is triclosan, chitosan or biguanide. 3. according to the batch preparation method of a kind of electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step (1), the chemical fiber filament bundle is spandex filament bundle, polyester long filament bundle Tow or nylon filament bundle; the fineness of chemical fiber filament bundle is 20-150dtex. 4. according to the batch preparation method of a kind of electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the process parameter of electrospinning in the described step (1) is: the solution of single needle The supply rate is 0.2-0.8ml/h, the vertical distance from the tip of the needle to the filament is 10-15cm, the applied voltage is 10-15kv, the moving speed of the filament is 1-10cm/s, and the spinning temperature is 20-25℃ , the relative humidity of the environment is 30%-65%. 5. according to the batch preparation method of a kind of electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the operation of spinning in the described step (2) comprises cotton distribution, opening and cleaning, Carding, combing, 1-2 drawing and roving. 6. according to the batch preparation method of a kind of electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step (3), the electrospinning nanofiber/cotton antibacterial core-spun yarn is made of The surface is covered with a core layer of filament bundles of electrospun nanofibers and an outer layer of cotton fibers.