CN108354864B - 一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108354864B CN108354864B CN201810293810.9A CN201810293810A CN108354864B CN 108354864 B CN108354864 B CN 108354864B CN 201810293810 A CN201810293810 A CN 201810293810A CN 108354864 B CN108354864 B CN 108354864B
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)称量氢化大豆油,加热至75‑85℃,得到液态油相I;(2)按比例称取熊果苷、抗坏血酸葡糖苷、烟酰胺,将上述三种物质混合,获得复合美白活性物;(3)按比例将所述复合美白活性物加入液态油相I中,混合均匀,得到液态油相II;(4)按比例称取海藻多糖酶解产物、磷脂和蒸馏水,加热至75~85℃,混合均匀得到液态水相;(5)按比例称取液态油相II、液态水相和茶多酚,混合搅拌均匀得混合液,将混合液高压均质得纳米乳液;将所得纳米乳液冷却至室温,添加适量防腐剂,得具有美白保湿功效的乳液。本发明制备的乳液具有美白保湿功效且稳定性良好。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明属于化妆品技术领域,具体涉及一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法。
(二)技术背景
美白一直以来都被人们所热切关注,美白护肤品也一直被广大女性推崇和追求。人体的肤色差异通常取决于表皮黑色素的含量与分布、真皮胶原纤维结构以及角质层的厚度与含水量等因素。
目前,市面上大部分美白类的护肤产品都普遍存在美白机理单一的问题:产品仅针对黑色素的形成与转移机制,从抑制酪氨酸酶活性、还原已经生成的黑色素以及抑制黑色素的转移这三步来进行美白配方设计,无法实现全效美白。并且产品稳定性差,由于美白剂易被氧化失活,或在光照下被分解,若直接添加到配方中,则易导致产品变色、变味,甚至出现膏体分层、变粗等问题。
专利CN 107374988 A公开了一种具有美白功效的非离子型囊泡的制备方法。该加工方法以传统美白剂、羟基苯氧基丙酸、根皮素、羟基酪醇、珠丝毛蓝耳草根提取物与多元醇为美白成分,以甘油油酸酯柠檬酸酯、鲸蜡硬脂基葡糖苷、聚甘油-3甲基葡糖二硬脂酸酯为非离子表面活性剂预混剂,经过均质得到一种具有美白功效的非离子型囊泡。但是该方法都是利用非离子表面活性剂,无法将所有的活性成分有效包裹。
专利CN 103690380 A公开了一种制备具有固相内核的美白纳米粒乳液的方法,该方法以丹皮酚、雏菊花提取物、黑茶镳子种子油、苦杏仁酸为美白剂,以甘油硬脂酸酯、鲸蜡硬脂醚-20、鲸蜡硬脂醚-12为乳化剂,经过均质、降温,得具有固相内核的美白纳米粒乳液。该方法制备出的乳液由于是固核,因此,在使用的时候会有颗粒感,给人以一种活性成分没有完全溶解的感觉。
(三)发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有美白保湿功效且稳定性良好的乳液的制备方法。
下面对本发明的技术方案进行具体说明:
本发明提供了一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)称量氢化大豆油,加热至75-85℃,得到液态油相I;
(2)按质量比为2-4∶3-6∶1的比例称取熊果苷、抗坏血酸葡糖苷、烟酰胺,将上述三种物质混合,获得复合美白活性物;
(3)将所述复合美白活性物加入步骤(1)所得的液态油相I中,混合均匀,得到液态油相II;其中复合美白活性物与液态油相I的质量比为0.15~0.30∶1;
(4)按质量比为0.08~0.2:0.05~0.1∶1的比例称取海藻多糖酶解产物、磷脂和蒸馏水,加热至75~85℃,混合均匀得到液态水相;
(5)按质量比为15~25∶120~150:1称取步骤(3)所得液态油相II、步骤(4)所得液态水相和茶多酚,混合搅拌均匀得混合液,将混合液在高压均质机中进行高压均质得到纳米乳液,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃;将所得纳米乳液冷却至室温,添加适量防腐剂,得具有美白保湿功效的乳液。
本发明中,所述海藻多糖酶解产物通过以下方法制备:海藻经水提醇沉得到海藻多糖,海藻多糖经葡聚糖酶酶解得到海藻多糖酶解产物。具体操作步骤如下:
(a)海藻多糖提取方法:将海藻洗净,烘干,粉碎,得到藻粉;取藻粉,加体积分数为95%的乙醇溶液浸泡脱脂,静置过夜;取脱脂后的藻粉,按1kg:8~12L(优选1kg:10L)料液比加入蒸馏水,80~100℃(优选95℃)水浴1~3h(优选2h),热水提取结束冷却静置0.5~1.5h(优选1h),冷冻离心,取上清液即多糖粗提液旋转蒸发浓缩至一定体积,加入乙醇溶液(优选体积分数为95%的乙醇溶液)至最终乙醇体积分数为30%,静置过夜;样液冷冻离心,取沉淀,加入适量蒸馏水将沉淀完全溶解,减压蒸发并将残留酒精完全蒸发,浓缩,冷冻干燥得海藻多糖;
(b)海藻多糖酶解方法:取海藻多糖,用蒸馏水配置质量浓度2~7%(优选5%)海藻多糖溶液,而后加入质量为海藻多糖质量2~5%(优选3.5%)的葡聚糖酶,在pH=4.8、温度48℃的条件下进行反应1~3h(优选2h),静置冷却,减压蒸发浓缩至一定浓度待用;选取孔径大小为500Da规格的透析袋,装入浓缩液流水透析12~36h(优选24h),静置过夜;重复多次,并将透析液减压浓缩,冷冻干燥,得海藻多糖酶解产物。
本发明步骤(5)中,防腐剂可选择本领域常用的防腐剂,如苯甲醇、咪唑烷基脲、尼泊金甲酯等,本发明优选以苯甲醇、咪唑烷基脲、尼泊金甲酯的混合物作为防腐剂,防腐剂的加入质量为纳米乳液质量的0.3~0.4%,最优选以0.2%苯甲醇、0.1%咪唑烷基脲和0.05%尼泊金甲酯作为防腐剂。
本发明步骤(5)中,高压均质条件为:在70~150MPa压力、75~90℃温度条件下,通过高压均质机循环均质5~15次,在高压均质机出口使用冷却装置,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃,均质完成后得纳米乳液。
本发明的优点和产生的有益效果:
(1)本发明将海藻多糖经酶解处理后与磷脂混合,形成复配乳化剂,复配乳化剂具有较好的乳化性和保湿性。
具体而言,海藻多糖具有优良的胶体特性,并且还具有一定的保湿性。海藻多糖经葡聚糖酶酶解处理后,糖苷键的断裂使多糖分子量变小,溶液黏度变小,并且还能暴露出海藻多糖的疏水区域及活性位点,使得海藻多糖的乳化活性及抗氧化活性都有所提高。磷脂是一种天然的两性乳化剂,具有良好的保湿能力和乳化能力,并且形成的乳液具有较好的稳定性。将海藻多糖酶解产物与磷脂混合,得到复配型乳化剂,形成的乳液,不仅有大分子多糖作为界面稳定剂,还有小分子磷脂分布在大分子之间,能有效的降低表面活化能。海藻多糖酶解产物上的亲水基团与磷脂的亲水基团结构不同,能稳定不同的活性成分,将两者复配使用,产生乳化优势互补以及良好的保湿效果。
(2)本发明将熊果苷、抗坏血酸葡糖苷、烟酰胺按照一定的比例混合作为油相,具有美白作用。
具体而言,熊果苷是源于绿色植物的天然活性物质,它能迅速渗入肌肤,在不影响细胞增殖浓度的同时,能有效地抑制皮肤中的酪氨酸酶的活性,阻断黑色素的形成,通过自身与酪氨酶直接结合,加速黑色素的分解与排泄,从而减少皮肤色素沉积,祛除色斑和雀斑,而且对黑色素细胞不产生毒害性、刺激性、致敏性等副作用,同时还有杀菌、消炎的作用。还原型谷胱甘肽是一种含γ-酰胺键和巯基的三肽,由谷氨酸、半胱氨酸及甘氨酸组成,具有抗氧化作用和整合解毒作用,生物体中以还原型谷胱甘肽居多,其能够纠正乙酰胆碱、胆碱酯酶的不平衡,起到抗过敏作用,还可防止皮肤老化及色素沉着,减少黑色素的形成,并使皮肤产生光泽。烟酰胺是维生素B3的一种衍生物,参与黑素的转运过程并能加快黑素细胞中黑素小体的运动速率,抑制已经形成的黑色素向表皮角质细胞转运,从而使得皮肤中黑色素减少。三者分别从抑制酪氨酸酶的活性、还原黑色素形成过程中各中间体、抑制已经形成的黑色素向表皮角质细胞转运三种不同的机制来达到美白效果。
(3)本发明将茶多酚添加到乳液中,不仅能增加乳液的美白作用,还能起到稳定乳液的作用。
具体而言,从化妆品角度而言,除了从上述三种机制上来达到美白效果,目前,内皮素拮抗剂也是一种新的美白策略。茶多酚是一种内皮素拮抗剂,它的作用机理不同于酪氨酸酶活性的抑制,是通过抑制内皮素对黑色素细胞增殖的调控来达到美白祛斑效果的。在茶多酚的作用下,内皮素不能与黑皮素细胞上的受点联结,因此不会再有额外的黑色素形成。另外,茶多酚可以通过氢键、静电相互作用等与海藻多糖酶解产物相互作用,茶多酚的加入可以改变海藻多糖酶解产物的二级结构,进而提高海藻多糖酶解产物的乳化性能。
(四)具体实施方法
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1:海藻多糖酶解产物的制备
1、海藻多糖提取方法:将海藻洗净,控水,置于烘箱内60℃烘干,粉碎。取1kg藻粉,加2L 95%乙醇溶液浸泡脱脂,静置过夜。取脱脂后的藻粉,按1kg:10L料液比加入蒸馏水,95℃水浴2h。热水提取结束冷却静置1h,冷冻离心10min(转速10000rpm,温度4℃)。取上清液即多糖粗提液旋转蒸发浓缩至2L,加入95%乙醇溶液至最终乙醇体积分数为30%,静置过夜。样液冷冻离心10min(转速10000rpm,温度4℃),取沉淀,加入少量蒸馏水将沉淀完全溶解,减压蒸发并将残留酒精完全蒸发,并浓缩至20mL,经冷冻干燥得海藻多糖。
2、海藻多糖酶解方法:取海藻多糖,用蒸馏水配置5%海藻多糖溶液,而后加入质量为海藻多糖质量3.5%的葡聚糖酶(购自宁夏夏盛实业集团有限公司),在pH=4.8、温度48℃的条件下进行反应2h,静置冷却,减压蒸发浓缩至4%待用。选取孔径大小为500Da规格的透析袋,装入可溶性固形物4%的20mL酶解反应液分别流水透析24h,静置过夜。重复多次,并将透析液减压浓缩至10mL,冷冻干燥,得海藻多糖酶解产物。
实施例2:
(1)称量氢化大豆油(购自武汉市合中生化制造有限公司)20g,加热至85℃,得到液态油相I;
(2)按质量比为4∶6∶1的比例称取熊果苷(购自西安绿天生物技术有限公司)4g、抗坏血酸葡糖苷(购自西安万方生物科技有限公司)6g、烟酰胺(购自河南大唐化工有限公司)1g,将上述三种物质混合,获得复合美白活性物;
(3)按质量比复合美白活性物∶液体油相I=0.30∶1称取复合美白活性物6g加入步骤(1)所得的液态油相I中,混合均匀,得到液态油相II;
(4)按质量比为0.2:0.1∶1的比例称取海藻多糖酶解产物30g、磷脂15g和蒸馏水150g,加热至75~85℃,混合均匀得到液态水相;
(5)按质量比为25∶150:1称取步骤(3)所得液态油相II 25g、步骤(4)所得液态水相150g和茶多酚1g,将所述液态油相II、液态水相和茶多酚混合搅拌均匀得混合液,将混合液在150MPa压力、90℃温度条件下,通过高压均质机循环均质5次,在高压均质机出口使用冷却装置,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃,均质完成后得纳米乳液;将所得纳米乳液冷却至室温,以乳液质量为100%计,添加0.2%苯甲醇、0.1%咪唑烷基脲、0.05%尼泊金甲酯作为防腐剂,得具有美白保湿功效的乳液。
实施例3:
(1)称量氢化大豆油(购自武汉市合中生化制造有限公司)15g,加热至85℃,得到液态油相I;
(2)按质量比为2∶3∶1的比例称取熊果苷(购自西安绿天生物技术有限公司)1g、抗坏血酸葡糖苷(购自西安万方生物科技有限公司)1.5g、烟酰胺(购自河南大唐化工有限公司)0.5g,将上述三种物质混合,获得复合美白活性物;
(3)按质量比复合美白活性物∶液体油相I=0.15∶1称取复合美白活性物2.25g加入步骤(1)所得的液态油相I中,混合均匀,得到液态油相II;
(4)按质量比为0.08:0.05∶1的比例称取海藻多糖酶解产物12g、磷脂7.5g和蒸馏水150g,加热至75~85℃,混合均匀得到液态水相;
(5)按质量比为15∶120:1称取步骤(3)所得液态油相II 15g、步骤(4)所得液态水相120g和茶多酚1g,将所述液态油相II、液态水相和茶多酚混合搅拌均匀得混合液,将混合液在150MPa压力、90℃温度条件下,通过高压均质机循环均质5次,在高压均质机出口使用冷却装置,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃,均质完成后得纳米乳液;将所得纳米乳液冷却至室温,以乳液质量为100%计,添加0.2%苯甲醇、0.1%咪唑烷基脲、0.05%尼泊金甲酯作为防腐剂,得具有美白保湿功效的乳液。
实施例4:
(1)称量氢化大豆油(购自武汉市合中生化制造有限公司)20g,加热至85℃,得到液态油相I
(2)按质量比为2∶6∶1的比例称取熊果苷(购自西安绿天生物技术有限公司)1.6g、抗坏血酸葡糖苷(购自西安万方生物科技有限公司)4.8g、烟酰胺(购自河南大唐化工有限公司)0.8g,将上述三种物质混合,获得复合美白活性物;
(3)按质量比复合美白活性物∶液体油相I=0.2∶1称取复合美白活性物4g加入步骤(1)所得的液态油相I中,混合均匀,得到液态油相II;
(4)按质量比为0.08:0.1∶1的比例称取海藻多糖酶解产物12g、磷脂15g和蒸馏水150g,加热至75~85℃,混合均匀得到液态水相;
(5)按质量比为25∶140:1称取步骤(3)所得液态油相II 25g、步骤(4)所得液态水相140g和茶多酚1g,将所述液态油相II、液态水相和茶多酚混合搅拌均匀得混合液,将混合液在150MPa压力、90℃温度条件下,通过高压均质机循环均质5次,在高压均质机出口使用冷却装置,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃,均质完成后得纳米乳液;将所得纳米乳液冷却至室温,以乳液质量为100%计,添加0.2%苯甲醇、0.1%咪唑烷基脲、0.05%尼泊金甲酯作为防腐剂,得具有美白保湿功效的乳液。
实施例5:乳液性能测试:
(1)酪氨酸酶抑制率测定实验方法:
加入样品体系:配制pH=6.8的磷酸缓冲液(PBS);浓度为200U/mL的酪氨酸酶磷酸缓冲溶液(在冰水浴中操作、保存);浓度为2.5mmol/L的L-酪氨酸缓冲溶液;取1.5mL L-酪氨酸缓冲溶液,1.5mLPBS溶液,1mL上述实施例制备的具有美白保湿功效的乳液,混合,于37℃水浴中保温10min,加入1mL酪氨酸酶磷酸缓冲溶液,反应10min,在475nm处测定吸光值。
未加样品体系:配制pH=6.8的磷酸缓冲液(PBS);浓度为200U/mL的酪氨酸酶磷酸缓冲溶液(在冰水浴中操作、保存);浓度为2.5mmol/L的L-酪氨酸缓冲溶液;取1.5mL L-酪氨酸缓冲溶液,1.5mLPBS溶液,1mL去离子水,混合,于37℃水浴中保温10min,加入1mL酪氨酸酶磷酸缓冲溶液,反应10min,在475nm处测定吸光值。
按下式计算酪氨酸酶的抑制率:
抑制率=(A-B)/A×100%
其中A为未加样品体系的吸光度值,B为加入样品后体系的吸光度值。
测试结果见表1。
(2)稳定性试验指标:
a.耐热性。将美白保湿乳液在40℃存放15d后,目测观察发现其与试验前的性状及颜色是否产生明显差异,有无分层、浮油现象,若无明显差异,表明乳液产品耐热性较好。
b.耐寒性。将美白保湿乳液在0℃存放15d后,目测观察发现其与试验前的性状及颜色是否产生明显差异,有无分层、浮油现象,若无明显差异,表明乳液产品耐寒性较好。
c.冷热循环。美白保湿乳液经冷热循环交替实验(40℃放置15天,而后在0℃放置15天,循环处理3次)后,目测观察发现其与试验前的性状及颜色是否产生明显差异,有无分层、浮油现象,若无明显差异,表明乳液产品耐寒性较好。
测试结果见表1。
(3)保湿性能测试:分别将乳液涂抹在手上15min后,用皮肤水分测试仪(海岳皮肤测试仪)测定30min内皮肤含水量的变化,注意在手部的同样位置进行测定,测定3次,取平均值。未涂抹美白保湿乳液前,经过30min手部同样位置的皮肤水分率基本保持在33.6%。
表1
Claims (3)
1.一种具有美白保湿功效的乳液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)称量氢化大豆油,加热至75-85℃,得到液态油相I;
(2)按质量比为2-4∶3-6∶1的比例称取熊果苷、抗坏血酸葡糖苷、烟酰胺,将上述三种物质混合,获得复合美白活性物;
(3)将所述复合美白活性物加入步骤(1)所得的液态油相I中,混合均匀,得到液态油相II;其中复合美白活性物与液态油相I的质量比为0.15~0.30∶1;
(4)按质量比为0.08~0.2:0.05~0.1∶1的比例称取海藻多糖酶解产物、磷脂和蒸馏水,加热至75~85℃,混合均匀得到液态水相;
(5)按质量比为15~25∶120~150:1称取步骤(3)所得液态油相II、步骤(4)所得液态水相和茶多酚,混合搅拌均匀得混合液,将混合液在高压均质机中进行高压均质得到纳米乳液,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃;将所得纳米乳液冷却至室温,添加适量防腐剂,得具有美白保湿功效的乳液;
所述海藻多糖酶解产物的制备的具体操作步骤如下:
(a)海藻多糖提取方法:将海藻洗净,烘干,粉碎,得到藻粉;取藻粉,加体积分数为95%的乙醇溶液浸泡脱脂,静置过夜;取脱脂后的藻粉,按1kg:8~12L料液比加入蒸馏水,80~100℃水浴1~3h,热水提取结束冷却静置0.5~1.5h,冷冻离心,取上清液即多糖粗提液旋转蒸发浓缩至一定体积,加入乙醇溶液至最终乙醇体积分数为30%,静置过夜;样液冷冻离心,取沉淀,加入适量蒸馏水将沉淀完全溶解,减压蒸发并将残留酒精完全蒸发,浓缩,冷冻干燥得海藻多糖;
(b)海藻多糖酶解方法:取海藻多糖,用蒸馏水配置质量浓度2~7%海藻多糖溶液,而后加入质量为海藻多糖质量2~5%的葡聚糖酶,在pH=4.8、温度48℃的条件下进行反应1~3h,静置冷却,减压蒸发浓缩至一定浓度待用;选取孔径大小为500Da规格的透析袋,装入浓缩液流水透析12~36h,静置过夜;重复多次,并将透析液减压浓缩,冷冻干燥,得海藻多糖酶解产物。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中,所述的防腐剂为苯甲醇、咪唑烷基脲、尼泊金甲酯的混合物,防腐剂的加入质量为纳米乳液质量的0.3~0.4%。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中,高压均质条件为:在70~150MPa压力、75~90℃温度条件下,通过高压均质机循环均质5~15次,在高压均质机出口使用冷却装置,保证高压均质机出口段混合液温度不超过90℃,均质完成后得纳米乳液。
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