CN108148777B

CN108148777B - Bacillus subtilis, compound microbial agent, organic matrix and preparation and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108148777B
Application number: CN201810024114.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张久琴; 张文高; 潘家庆
Original assignee: Shanghai Chengtu Yangmu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Chengtu Yangmu Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-01-10
Filing date: 2018-01-10
Publication date: 2022-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-10
Also published as: CN108148777A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of organic substrates, and particularly relates to bacillus subtilis, a compound microbial agent, an organic substrate, and preparation and application thereof. The Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 has the preservation number as follows: CCTCC NO: m2017589. The bacillus subtilis can be prepared into a compound microbial agent for high-temperature composting so as to prepare an organic matrix. The bacillus subtilis strain has strong tolerance capability under the fermentation condition of 70 ℃, and can secrete various hydrolytic enzymes to efficiently degrade macromolecular organic matters such as protein, starch, cellulose and the like in the raw materials, so that the central temperature of the compost can be raised to 70 ℃. Compared with the conventional composting technology, the method improves the composting fermentation temperature, thereby obviously improving the content of organic matters and total nutrients, and effectively killing pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova, weed seeds and the like.

Description

Bacillus subtilis, compound microbial agent, organic matrix and preparation and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of organic substrates, and particularly relates to bacillus subtilis, a compound microbial agent, an organic substrate, and preparation and application thereof.

Background

The organic substrate cultivation is that organic matters such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straws, mushroom residues, turf, sawdust and the like are subjected to high-temperature fermentation treatment and then mixed according to a certain proportion to form a relatively stable and buffering total nutrient cultivation substrate raw material. The culture medium prepared by using organic matters completely has poor air permeability and water retention, so in order to improve the physicochemical property of the culture medium, inorganic matters such as vermiculite, perlite, river sand, coal cinder and the like can be mixed with the culture medium according to a certain proportion to form the organic-inorganic culture medium.

The existing soilless culture technology adopting the culture medium is the most effective, most economical and most thorough method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles of a greenhouse. Therefore, the technology is also vigorously developed in some advanced agricultural countries abroad. More than 40% of greenhouse crops in 4000 hectares in the Netherlands in 1994 adopt a matrix cultivation technology, 7% of greenhouse vegetables in Israel adopt soilless cultivation, and the soilless cultivation scale in China is relatively laggard. An important factor for restricting the development of soilless culture in China is overhigh substrate cost. In order to solve the problem, the preparation of organic substrates by using agricultural and animal husbandry wastes as raw materials is a main development direction. The agricultural and animal husbandry wastes which can be used as the raw materials of the organic matrix mainly comprise: livestock and poultry breeding waste, crop straws, agricultural product processing waste, sawdust, rice hulls, edible fungus matrix waste and the like. The organic substrate is produced by using the agricultural and animal husbandry wastes as raw materials, so that the production cost of the culture substrate can be greatly reduced, the organic waste resources are fully utilized, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.

The high-temperature aerobic composting technology is a key technology for producing organic substrates by using agricultural and pastoral organic wastes and is an effective way for realizing harmless, quantitative-reduction and resource treatment of the agricultural and pastoral organic wastes. The high-temperature aerobic composting is a process of performing high-temperature solid fermentation by using aerobic bacteria, maintaining the composting temperature above 50 ℃ for at least 5 days, killing pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova and weed seeds at high temperature, degrading organic matters and finally converting the organic matters into stable humus. However, two problems often exist in conventional high temperature aerobic composting techniques: 1) although the raw materials are rich in organic matters and some nutrients, the organic matters are macromolecular organic matters which are difficult to degrade, such as cellulose, protein and the like, and because the available nutrients are insufficient and the C/N ratio is too high, compost microorganisms are difficult to obtain the nutrients suitable for the rapid growth of the compost microorganisms in a short time (24 or 48 hours), and if the added compost microorganism strains cannot rapidly grow in a short time (5 to 7 days), the strains are ineffective, which is a phenomenon that the compost-starting effect of the compost microbial inoculum is often not obvious. 2) Because the early stage microorganisms cannot grow in a large quantity, macromolecular organic matters cannot be effectively decomposed, namely the composting temperature cannot be rapidly increased to 60 ℃ within 48 hours, so that the raw materials cannot be thoroughly and sufficiently fermented, and the organic matter content in the compost products is too high, so that seedlings are burned.

Based on the technical problems, the development of an organic substrate raw material formula which can lead the composting microorganisms to grow rapidly and start the composting process is the key for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide bacillus subtilis, a compound microbial agent, an organic matrix, and preparation and application thereof. Aims to solve the problem that the effect of microorganism starting composting is not obvious in the prior high-temperature aerobic composting technology.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

in a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 with the preservation number as follows: CCTCC NO: m2017589.

The invention screens and obtains a strain of Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 from high-temperature compost raw materials of livestock and poultry manure, the strain is preserved in China center for type culture Collection in 2017, 10 and 19 months, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: m2017589.

The bacillus subtilis separated by the invention can endure high-temperature composting environment (70 ℃). And can secrete a plurality of enzymes to efficiently degrade composting raw materials such as excrement, straw and the like.

The strain is determined to be Bacillus subtilis through morphological identification and 16S rRNA, ITS-2 and rbcL amplification sequence development tree analysis (the strain is named according to the international naming rule of genus name, species name and plant name, wherein the genus name, the species name and the plant name are respectively Bacillus, subtilis and BS-W1), the strain is named as Bacillus subtilis BS-W1, and the preservation number is as follows: CCTCC NO: m2017589. The strain has the following advantages: has stronger tolerance to high temperature environment (70 ℃). Can secrete a plurality of enzymes to efficiently degrade composting raw materials such as excrement, straw and the like.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the aforementioned Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 for high temperature aerobic composting.

The third aspect of the invention provides a composite microbial agent for high-temperature aerobic composting, which comprises bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, candida tropicalis, trichoderma reesei, streptomyces griseofulvin, phanerochaete chrysosporium, pseudomonas fluorescens, lactobacillus brevis and bacillus lysimachiae.

The preservation number of the bacillus subtilis is CCTCC NO: m2017589.

The latin name of Aspergillus niger is Aspergillus niger. Available from strain collection.

The Latin name of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Available from strain collection.

The latin name of the Candida tropicalis is Candida tropicalis. Available from strain collection.

The Latin name of the Trichoderma reesei is Trichoderma reesei. Available from strain collection.

The latin name of Streptomyces griseorubens is Streptomyces griseorubens. Available from strain collection.

The Latin name of Phanerochaete chrysosporium is Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Available from strain collection.

The latin name of the pseudomonas fluorescens is Psdeumenomunda fluoernnet. Available from strain collection.

The latin name of Lactobacillus brevis is Lactobacillus breris. Available from strain collection.

The Latin name of the lysine bacillus longus is Lysinibacillus macrocides. Available from strain collection.

Further, in the compound microbial agent, the proportion ranges of the components in parts by weight are as follows:

1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-5 parts of aspergillus niger, 1-5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1-5 parts of candida tropicalis, 1-3 parts of trichoderma reesei, 1-3 parts of streptomyces griseofulensis, 1-3 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1-3 parts of pseudomonas fluorescens, 1-3 parts of lactobacillus brevis and 1-3 parts of bacillus lysimachiae.

The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the composite microbial inoculum for high-temperature aerobic composting, comprising the steps of: mixing the above components uniformly.

In a fifth aspect of the invention, the invention provides the use of the composite microbial agent for high-temperature aerobic composting in the preparation of organic substrates.

In a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic matrix comprising the complex microbial inoculant.

Further, an organic matrix is provided, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

furthermore, the method also comprises a proper amount of the culture wastewater RO concentrated solution.

The waste fermentation bed padding is livestock and poultry breeding fermentation bed padding. Mainly used as fermentation bed padding for raising pigs and cattle, and mainly comprises sawdust, rice hulls, straws and the like.

The solid excrement is the excrement of livestock and poultry, mainly the excrement of pigs, cattle, chickens and the like.

The pomace refers to the residual pulp and peel of the fruit after squeezing and processing the juice. Can be selected from one or more of fructus Mali Pumilae residue, fructus Pyri residue, Mandarin orange residue, fructus Citri Grandis residue, and fructus Persicae residue. The pomace is rich in isokinetic carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, sucrose and citric acid, and compared with the isokinetic carbon sources such as cellulose, the high-efficiency carbon source compost can enable strains to grow rapidly in a short time and start the composting process rapidly.

The biochar is prepared by carbonizing livestock and poultry manure under a high-temperature anoxic condition.

The rice chaff can be obtained by a commercial route.

The peat is commercially available.

The perlite is commercially available.

The breeding wastewater RO concentrated solution is obtained by treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewater by a double-membrane method (ultrafiltration membrane and RO membrane). The RO permeate liquid of the aquaculture wastewater treated by the double-membrane method can reach the standard for discharge, and the residual RO concentrated solution is rich in small molecular organic matters such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, can not be directly discharged and often flows back to the original liquid for secondary treatment. However, ammonia nitrogen in the RO concentrated solution is a quick-acting nitrogen source for microbial growth, and can also enable strains to grow rapidly in a short time and start the composting process rapidly.

In a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the organic matrix, comprising the steps of:

(1) after the waste fermentation bed padding is dried, uniformly mixing excrement and the padding, and crushing for later use;

(2) crushing the dried waste pomace for later use;

(3) drying and crushing the solid excrement, and carrying out carbonization treatment under the anoxic condition of 500-600 ℃ to obtain biochar;

(4) uniformly mixing the waste fermentation bed padding crushed in the step (1), solid excrement, fruit residues crushed in the step (2), biochar obtained in the step (3) and rice chaff according to a certain proportion;

(5) spraying the RO concentrated solution of the aquaculture wastewater on the material obtained in the step (4), and uniformly mixing;

(6) adding a compound microbial agent into the mixed material obtained in the step (5) according to the proportion;

(7) fermenting and decomposing, and airing after fermenting and decomposing;

(8) mixing the fermented and decomposed materials with grass carbon and perlite according to a certain proportion, controlling the water content to be less than 30 wt%, screening and packaging to obtain the organic matrix.

Preferably, in step (1), the pulverization is carried out to a particle size of 1 to 2 mm.

Preferably, in step (2), the pulverization is carried out to a particle size of 1 to 2 mm.

Preferably, in step (3), the pulverization is carried out to a particle size of 1 to 2 mm.

Preferably, in step (3), the treatment time is 1-3 h. Further preferably for 2 hours.

Preferably, in the step (5), the moisture content of the mixed material is controlled within the range of 55-70 wt%, and the pH value is controlled within the range of 6-9.

Preferably, in the step (6), the complex microbial agent is added in a stirring or spraying manner.

Preferably, in the step (8), conventional fermentation bin composting, strip-pile composting or static composting methods are adopted for fermentation and decomposition, the stacking height is 1.5-2 m, the width is 1.5-2 m, when the temperature of the materials rises to 55-60 ℃, the materials begin to turn over, the materials are turned over once every 2-5 days, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 55-70 ℃, the fermentation time is 10-40 days, and when the fermentation temperature does not rise any more and the volume of the composts collapses 1/3-1/2, the fermentation and decomposition are finished.

In an eighth aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of the aforementioned organic substrate for crop planting.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention uses the pomace and the RO concentrated solution of the culture wastewater in the formula of the substrate raw materials, provides quick-acting carbon sources and nitrogen sources for composting microorganisms, enables the microorganisms to grow in a large amount in a short time and quickly starts the composting process, thereby shortening the composting and decomposing time compared with the conventional high-temperature aerobic composting technology. The two raw materials are agricultural product processing waste and livestock and poultry breeding waste respectively, the production cost of the organic matrix is not additionally increased, and the composting fermentation effect is obvious.

(2) The invention uses self-screened high-temperature compost fermentation strain-bacillus subtilis in the high-temperature aerobic composting technology, the strain has stronger tolerance capability under the fermentation condition of 70 ℃, and can secrete a plurality of hydrolytic enzymes to efficiently degrade macromolecular organic matters such as protein, cellulose and the like in raw materials, but the composting temperature is raised to 70 ℃. Compared with the conventional high-temperature aerobic composting technology, the method improves the composting fermentation temperature, thereby killing pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova, weed seeds and the like more effectively.

(3) The preparation raw materials of the organic matrix of the invention use various agricultural and pastoral wastes, such as 1) waste fermentation bed padding: through high-temperature compost fermentation, undegraded solid excrement is fully degraded, pathogenic bacteria in the excrement can be effectively killed, and wood chips and rice hulls in padding are used as components in an organic matrix formula, so that the water retention property and the porosity can be improved; 2) fruit residues: because the fruit residues are rich in nutrient components and high in water content, if the fruit residues are not treated immediately, the fruit residues can be decayed and acidified and fly can be bred within a few hours, and the fruit residues are applied to high-temperature composting fermentation of an organic matrix, so that a quick-acting carbon source in the fruit residues can be fully utilized, and the growth and the propagation of putrefying bacteria can be inhibited; 3) biochar: the biochar prepared from the livestock and poultry manure is added into the organic matrix, and has the effects of loosening and ventilating, retaining water and fertilizer, culturing beneficial microorganisms and passivating heavy metals. The organic matrix is produced by utilizing the agricultural and pastoral wastes, so that the advantages of various components are fully exerted, and the harmless, quantitative-reducing and resource treatment of the organic wastes are really realized.

The preservation information of the strain of the invention is as follows:

the strain name: bacillus subtilis BS-W1;

the preservation number is as follows: CCTCC NO: m2017589;

the preservation date is as follows: year 2017, month 10, day 19;

the name of the depository: china center for type culture Collection;

the preservation unit is abbreviated as: CCTCC (China center for type communication);

the address of the depository: wuhan city Wuchang Lodoya street Wuhan university's Life sciences college.

Detailed Description

Before the present embodiments are further described, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described below; it is also to be understood that the terminology used in the examples is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.

When numerical ranges are given in the examples, it is understood that both endpoints of each of the numerical ranges and any value therebetween can be selected unless the invention otherwise indicated. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, any methods, devices, and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the examples may be used in the practice of the invention in addition to the specific methods, devices, and materials used in the examples, in keeping with the knowledge of one skilled in the art and with the description of the invention.

Example 1 Bacillus subtilis obtaining and identification, preservation

Example 2 composite microbial inoculum for high-temperature aerobic composting

The Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 can be used for high-temperature aerobic composting. Generally, the microbial agent is prepared with other microorganisms into a compound microbial agent, and high-temperature aerobic composting is carried out.

The proportion range of the components in the compound microbial agent 1 in parts by weight is as follows: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of aspergillus niger, 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5 parts of candida tropicalis, 1 part of trichoderma reesei, 3 parts of streptomyces griseofulvin, 1 part of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 3 parts of pseudomonas fluorescens, 1 part of lactobacillus brevis and 3 parts of bacillus lysimachiae.

The proportion range of the components in the compound microbial agent 2 in parts by weight is as follows: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of aspergillus niger, 5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of candida tropicalis, 3 parts of trichoderma reesei, 1 part of streptomyces griseofulvin, 3 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1 part of pseudomonas fluorescens, 3 parts of lactobacillus brevis and 1 part of bacillus lysimachiae.

The proportion range of the components in the compound microbial agent 3 in parts by weight is as follows: 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of aspergillus niger, 4 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 3 parts of candida tropicalis, 2 parts of trichoderma reesei, 2 parts of streptomyces griseofulvin, 2 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 2.5 parts of pseudomonas fluorescens, 2 parts of lactobacillus brevis and 2.5 parts of bacillus polylysine.

The organic matrix raw material formula is as follows: 30 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of grass carbon and 3 parts of perlite.

Organic substrate 1: 30 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of grass carbon and 3 parts of perlite, and directly composting and decomposing without adding any compound microbial agent;

organic substrate 2: 30 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of grass carbon and 3 parts of perlite, and a compound microbial agent 1 is added to thoroughly decompose the compost.

Organic substrate 3: 30 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of grass carbon and 3 parts of perlite, and a compound microbial agent 2 is added to thoroughly decompose the compost.

Organic substrate 4: 30 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of grass carbon and 3 parts of perlite, and a compound microbial agent 3 is added to thoroughly decompose the compost.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the data in the table 1, the maximum central temperature of the organic matrix prepared by applying the compound microbial inoculum can reach 70 ℃ in the composting process, and is obviously higher than the composting temperature of 55 ℃ without applying the microbial inoculum, so that harmful microorganisms and worm eggs in the organic matrix can be greatly killed; the organic matrix prepared by the method has obviously improved organic matter and total nutrient content, and can improve the germination index of seeds.

Example 3 preparation of organic matrix from cattle waste and apple pomace

The organic matrix formulation in this example:

the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 30 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of grass carbon and 3 parts of perlite, and 1 part of compound microbial agent is added for fermentation. The composite microbial agent in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of aspergillus niger, 3 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 3 parts of candida tropicalis, 3 parts of trichoderma reesei, 1 part of streptomyces griseofulvin, 3 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1 part of pseudomonas fluorescens, 1 part of lactobacillus brevis and 1 part of lysine bacillus longus.

A method for preparing an organic matrix comprising the steps of:

(1) collecting waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, airing, uniformly mixing excrement and the padding, and crushing to obtain particles with the particle size of 1-2 mm;

(2) collecting apple pomace, air-drying, and pulverizing to particle size of 1-2 mm;

(3) airing the solid-liquid separated cattle manure, crushing to 1-2mm, and treating for 2h under the anoxic condition of 500-600 ℃ to obtain biochar;

(4) uniformly mixing waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, cattle solid excrement, apple pomace, biochar and rice chaff according to a formula ratio;

(5) spraying RO concentrated solution of the cattle raising wastewater on the materials, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content of the mixed materials to be 60%, and adjusting the pH value to be 7;

(6) uniformly spraying the compound microbial inoculum on the materials, fermenting and decomposing by adopting a strip-pile type composting method, wherein the height of a pile is 1.5 meters, the width of the pile is 2 meters, when the temperature of the materials rises to 60 ℃, the pile is turned once every 2-5 days, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 60-70 ℃, the fermentation time is 15 days, when the fermentation temperature does not rise any more and the volume of the compost is collapsed from 1/3 to 1/2, the fermentation and decomposition are finished, and airing is carried out;

(7) mixing the fermented and decomposed materials with grass carbon and perlite according to a formula proportion, controlling the water content to be less than 30 wt%, screening and packaging to obtain the organic matrix.

Example 4 preparation of organic substrate Using pig waste and Pear slag

The organic matrix formulation in this example:

the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 40 parts of waste pig-raising fermentation bed padding, 20 parts of pig solid excrement, 15 parts of pear residues, 10 parts of biochar, 5 parts of rice chaff, 1 part of grass carbon and 5 parts of perlite, and 0.01 part of compound microbial agent by weight are added for fermentation. The composite microbial agent in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of aspergillus niger, 5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of candida tropicalis, 2 parts of trichoderma reesei, 1 part of streptomyces griseofulvin, 1 part of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1 part of pseudomonas fluorescens, 1 part of lactobacillus brevis and 1 part of bacillus lysimachiae.

The preparation method of the matrix comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting waste padding of a pig raising fermentation bed, airing, uniformly mixing excrement and the padding, and crushing to obtain particles with the particle size of 1-2 mm;

(2) collecting pear residues, air-drying, and pulverizing to particle size of 1-2 mm;

(3) airing the solid excrement of the pig after solid-liquid separation, crushing the solid excrement to 1-2mm, and treating the solid excrement for 2 hours under the anoxic condition of 500-600 ℃ to obtain biochar;

(4) uniformly mixing waste pig raising fermentation bed padding, pig solid excrement, pear residues, biochar and rice chaff according to a formula ratio;

(5) spraying the RO concentrated solution of the pig raising wastewater on the materials, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content of the mixed materials to be 55%, and adjusting the pH value to be 9;

(6) uniformly spraying the compound microbial inoculum on the materials, fermenting and decomposing by adopting a strip-stack composting method, wherein the stacking height is 2 meters, the stacking width is 1.5 meters, when the temperature of the materials rises to 55 ℃, turning the materials once every 2-5 days, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 55-70 ℃, the fermentation time to be 10 days, when the fermentation temperature does not rise any more and the composting volume is collapsed from 1/3 to 1/2, finishing the fermentation and decomposition, and airing;

Example 5 preparation of organic matrices Using cattle and pig waste and Citrus residue

The organic matrix formulation in this example:

the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 50 parts of waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, 10 parts of pig solid excrement, 10 parts of citrus residues, 5 parts of biochar, 10 parts of rice chaff, 5 parts of grass peat and 1 part of perlite, and 2 parts of compound microbial inoculum is added for fermentation. The composite microbial agent in the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of aspergillus niger, 1 part of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5 parts of candida tropicalis, 1 part of trichoderma reesei, 3 parts of streptomyces griseofulvin, 3 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 3 parts of pseudomonas fluorescens, 3 parts of lactobacillus brevis and 3 parts of bacillus lysimachiae.

The preparation method of the organic matrix comprises the following steps:

(2) collecting citrus pulp, air drying, and pulverizing to particle size of 1-2 mm;

(4) uniformly mixing waste cattle raising fermentation bed padding, pig solid excrement, citrus pulp, biochar and rice chaff according to a formula ratio;

(5) spraying the RO concentrated solution of the pig raising wastewater on the materials, uniformly mixing, controlling the water content of the mixed materials to be 70%, and adjusting the pH value to be 6;

(6) uniformly spraying the compound microbial inoculum on the materials, fermenting and decomposing by adopting a strip-pile type composting method, wherein the height of a pile is 1.5 meters, the width of the pile is 2 meters, when the temperature of the materials rises to 60 ℃, the pile is turned once every 2-5 days, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 65-70 ℃, the fermentation time is 40 days, when the fermentation temperature does not rise any more and the volume of the compost is collapsed from 1/3 to 1/2, the fermentation and decomposition are finished, and airing is carried out;

Example 6 comparison of the Effect of different organic substrates

In the same greenhouse, the strawberries are planted by the organic matrixes prepared in the examples 3-5 respectively, the comparison group 1 is soil, and the comparison group 2 is the organic matrix obtained by naturally composting the components of the example 1 according to the weight ratio of the raw materials (the raw materials comprise, by weight, 30 parts of waste cattle fermentation bed padding, 30 parts of cattle solid excrement, 20 parts of apple pomace, 8 parts of biochar, 6 parts of rice chaff, 3 parts of turf and 3 parts of perlite).

The same variety is cultivated, and the daily management measures are the same. The application effect is as follows:

the data show that the yield of the strawberries can be increased by 12.6-20.4% after the organic matrix prepared by the livestock and poultry breeding waste and the pomace is applied, the content of soluble solids is increased compared with that of a control, the content of soluble sugar is also increased, and titratable acid is slightly reduced. The yield and the quality of the strawberries planted by using the organic matrix are improved.

While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 with the preservation number of CCTCC NO: m2017589.

2. Use of the bacillus subtilis according to claim 1 for high temperature aerobic composting.

3. A complex microbial agent comprising the Bacillus subtilis BS-W1, Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens), Candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis), Trichoderma reesei (Trichoderma reesei), Streptomyces griseofulensis (Streptomyces griseorubens), Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Phanerochaete chrysosporium), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Psdeomunoda fluoroernnet), Lactobacillus brevis (Lactobacillus brevis), Bacillus longus (Lysinicus macrocrystalides) according to claim 1.

4. The compound microbial agent according to claim 3, wherein the proportion of the components in parts by weight in the compound microbial agent is: 1-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-5 parts of aspergillus niger, 1-5 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1-5 parts of candida tropicalis, 1-3 parts of trichoderma reesei, 1-3 parts of streptomyces griseofulensis, 1-3 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, 1-3 parts of pseudomonas fluorescens, 1-3 parts of lactobacillus brevis and 1-3 parts of bacillus lysimachiae.

5. A method for preparing the complex microbial inoculant of any one of claims 3-4, comprising the steps of: mixing the above components uniformly.

6. Use of the complex microbial inoculant according to any one of claims 3 to 4 in the preparation of an organic matrix.

7. An organic matrix containing the compound microbial agent as claimed in any one of claims 3-4, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

8. the organic substrate of claim 7, further comprising a proper amount of aquaculture wastewater RO concentrate.

9. The method of preparing an organic matrix according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:

(2) crushing the dried waste pomace for later use;

(4) uniformly mixing the waste fermentation bed padding crushed in the step (1), solid excrement, the fruit residues crushed in the step (2), the biochar obtained in the step (3) and rice chaff according to a certain proportion;

(7) fermenting and decomposing, and airing after fermenting and decomposing;

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising any one or more of the following features: a) in the step (1), crushing to the particle size of 1-2 mm; b) in the step (2), crushing to the particle size of 1-2 mm; c) in the step (3), crushing to the particle size of 1-2 mm; d) the treatment time in the step (3) is 1-3 h; e) in the step (5), the water content of the mixed materials is controlled within the range of 55-70 wt%, and the pH value is controlled to be 6-9; f) in the step (6), adding the compound microbial agent in a stirring or spraying manner; g) in the step (7), conventional methods of fermenting bin composting, strip-pile composting or static composting are adopted for fermenting and decomposing, the stacking height is 1.5-2 meters, the width is 1.5-2 meters, when the temperature of the materials rises to 55-60 ℃, the materials begin to turn over the piles, the piles are turned over once every 2-5 days, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 55-70 ℃, the fermentation time is 10-40 days, and when the fermentation temperature does not rise any more and the volume of the composts collapses 1/3-1/2, the fermenting and decomposing are finished.

11. Use of an organic substrate according to claim 7 or 8 for crop cultivation.