CN107831336B - Hydrology flow measurement system based on PLC - Google Patents
Hydrology flow measurement system based on PLC Download PDFInfo
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- CN107831336B CN107831336B CN201711019984.8A CN201711019984A CN107831336B CN 107831336 B CN107831336 B CN 107831336B CN 201711019984 A CN201711019984 A CN 201711019984A CN 107831336 B CN107831336 B CN 107831336B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrological flow measurement system based on a PLC, which comprises: the device comprises a PLC, a touch screen, a measurement switch button, an input module, an output module, a hydraulic mechanical arm and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP); touch-sensitive screen, input module, output module and ADCP all are connected with the PLC electricity, and measurement shift knob is connected with the input module electricity, and hydraulic pressure arm is connected with the output module electricity, and ADCP's measuring probe is installed on hydraulic pressure arm, and the PLC electricity is connected with first power, and the input module electricity is connected with the second power, and the output module electricity is connected with the third power. The system realizes the control of the ADCP working process through the combination of the PLC and the touch screen, and has the characteristics of simple control mode, safe and efficient measurement process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological flow measurement, in particular to a hydrological flow measurement system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
Background
The acoustic Doppler current profiler ADCP is a novel hydrological current measuring instrument, which can realize fixed-point, anchoring system and navigation measurement, and can measure the current and flow data of a section by only putting the measuring probe of the ADCP into water during measurement, and can obtain the measurement data of the section if the ADCP is in the navigation measurement. As soon as the instrument comes out, the instrument is popular with the majority of users due to the advantages of convenience, easy field operation, multifunctional data measurement, visual data processing and the like.
The equipment and the control part of the existing hydrological flow measurement system are realized by the line connection of a button and a relay, and the measurement probe of the ADCP needs to be manually put into water during measurement. The prior art system therefore suffers from the following disadvantages: (1) the reliability of the equipment is greatly reduced by complex line connection and loop on-off connection in the manufacturing process, and meanwhile, as many as 30 buttons are densely arranged on an operation table to occupy a large space, so that hydrological flow measurement personnel can easily make a click error or an operation error to cause equipment damage or safety accidents. (2) At each time of flow measurement, the measuring probe of the ADCP needs manpower to be installed on the ship side of the measuring ship, personnel safety is affected, the measuring probe can fall into the river along with the swing of the ship, and meanwhile, the water-moving turbulence of the ship can also interfere with the measurement of the ADCP.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problem that exists among the above-mentioned prior art, this application provides a hydrology current surveying system based on PLC, and this system has realized the control to ADCP work flow through the combination of PLC and touch-sensitive screen, has that control mode is simple, the safe efficient characteristics of measurement process.
This hydrology flow measurement system based on PLC includes: the device comprises a PLC, a touch screen, a measurement switch button, an input module, an output module, a hydraulic mechanical arm and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP);
the touch screen, the input module, the output module and the ADCP are all electrically connected with the PLC, the measurement switch button is electrically connected with the input module, the hydraulic mechanical arm is electrically connected with the output module, the measurement probe of the ADCP is installed on the hydraulic mechanical arm, the PLC is electrically connected with a first power supply, the input module is electrically connected with a second power supply, and the output module is electrically connected with a third power supply;
the touch screen and the measurement switch button are used for receiving control signals input by a user and transmitting the control signals to the PLC, the input module is used for converting external input signals into level signals capable of being processed inside the PLC and transmitting the level signals to the PLC, the output module is used for converting digital signals output by the PLC into analog signals and outputting the analog signals, and the hydraulic mechanical arm is used for driving the measurement probe of the ADCP to enter or leave a measurement water area.
Optionally, the hydraulic mechanical arm comprises a horizontally arranged main arm, a stack arm pivoted with the main arm, and a measuring arm telescopically connected with the stack arm;
the folding arm comprises two states of folding and fitting with the main arm and being vertical to the main arm, and the measuring probe of the ADCP is installed at the bottom end of the measuring arm.
Optionally, the programmable logic controller PLC is an FX3U-32MT type PLC.
Optionally, the touch screen is a DOP-B07S411 touch screen.
Optionally, the touch screen communicates with the PLC through an RS 232-to-AVI interface.
Optionally, the input module is an FX2N-8EX type extension module.
Optionally, the output module is an FX2N-2DA type expansion module.
Optionally, the first power supply consists of a 220V ac power supply and a 24V dc power supply.
Optionally, the second power supply is a 24 dc power supply.
Optionally, the third power supply is a 24V dc power supply.
According to the invention, the PLC is used for controlling the working process of the ADCP, and the touch screen is used for realizing man-machine interaction, so that the number of control buttons is effectively reduced, and the control process of the ADCP is more efficient and convenient. Meanwhile, the measuring probe of the ADCP is driven by the hydraulic mechanical arm, the problem that the personal safety of personnel is possibly caused by manually installing the measuring probe of the ADCP is solved, the measuring probe of the ADCP is far away from the ship body by the hydraulic mechanical arm, and the interference of the water-passing turbulence of the ship on the measurement of the ADCP is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a PLC-based hydrological flow measurement system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
101: PLC, 102: touch screen, 103: measurement switch button, 104: an input module for inputting a command to the input module,
105: output module, 106: hydraulic mechanical arm, 107: ADCP, 108: a first power supply for supplying power to the first power supply,
109: second power supply, 110: a third power supply.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a PLC-based hydrological flow measurement system 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where the PLC-based hydrological flow measurement system 100 specifically includes the following structure:
a programmable logic controller PLC101, a touch screen 102, a measurement switch button 103, an input module 104, an output module 105, a hydraulic mechanical arm 106 and an acoustic Doppler current profiler ADCP 107. The touch screen 102, the input module 104, the output module 105 and the ADCP107 are electrically connected with the PLC101, the measurement switch button 103 is electrically connected with the input module 104, the hydraulic mechanical arm 106 is electrically connected with the output module 105, the measurement probe of the ADCP107 is installed on the hydraulic mechanical arm 106, the PLC101 is electrically connected with a first power supply 108, the input module 104 is electrically connected with a second power supply 109, and the output module 105 is electrically connected with a third power supply 110.
The touch screen 102 is used for receiving a control signal input by a user and transmitting the control signal to the PLC101, the input module 104 is used for converting an external input signal into a level signal which can be processed by the PLC101 and transmitting the level signal to the PLC101, the output module 105 is used for converting a digital signal output by the PLC101 into an analog signal and outputting the analog signal, and the hydraulic mechanical arm 106 is used for driving a measuring probe of the ADCP107 to enter or leave a measuring water area.
The control of the work flow of the ADCP107 is mainly realized by the PLC101, and the input of the control signal is mainly input through the touch screen 102, and of course, in addition to the touch screen 102, for some emergency actions, the user may also input through the measurement switch buttons 103, wherein the measurement switch buttons 103 include buttons for emergency control of the rising, falling and stopping of the flow measuring probe, and a power input button for controlling the oil pump motor in the hydraulic mechanical arm 106 and a frequency converter control button for controlling the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the motor in the hydraulic mechanical arm 106.
Specifically, the PLC101 in this application is an FX3U-32MT PLC, and the first power supply 108 for supplying power to the PLC is composed of a 220V ac power supply and a 24V dc power supply, i.e., the PLC101 needs to be supplied with power from both the 220V ac power supply and the 24V dc power supply. The touch screen 102 is a DOP-B07S411 touch screen, and is communicated with the PLC101 through an RS 232-to-AVI interface. The input module 104 as the PLC101 expansion module is an FX2N-8EX type expansion module, and the output module 105 is an FX2N-2DA type expansion module. The input module 104 and the output module 105 are respectively powered by independent 24V dc power supplies, that is, the second power supply 109 and the third power supply 110 are both 24V dc power supplies, and the input module 104 and the output module 105 are respectively powered independently to reduce interference of the output module 105, mainly an inductive load, on the input module 104.
The input module 104 functions primarily to detect input signals from the measurement switch buttons 103 and convert the input signals into level signals that can be processed internally by the PLC 101. The level signal output by the PLC101 is then converted by the output module 105 into a power-on signal that can be matched to an external load.
The hydraulic mechanical arm 106 is arranged on the hull of the measuring ship and comprises a horizontally arranged main arm, a superposed arm pivoted with the main arm and a measuring arm telescopically connected with the superposed arm; the main arm provides power through a telescopic motor to realize extending and retracting actions from the ship body, the folding arm provides power through a hydraulic pump to realize folding and unfolding with the main arm, the folding and unfolding device comprises two states of folding and fitting with the main arm and being vertical to the main arm, and the measuring arm realizes stretching between the folding arm and the folding arm through a lifting motor, so that the measuring probe installed at the bottom end of the measuring arm is driven to extend into a measuring water area and be drawn out from the measuring water area. The PLC101 controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil and the steering of the telescopic motor and the lifting motor by controlling the operation of the telescopic motor, the lifting motor, and the oil pump motor of the hydraulic pump and controlling the on/off of the corresponding solenoid valve by controlling the relay in the hydraulic mechanical arm 106, thereby controlling the motion of the hydraulic mechanical arm 106.
And telescopic motor and elevator motor are connected with corresponding converter and rotary encoder respectively in this embodiment. When the system works, the PLC101 adjusts the rotating speed of the corresponding motor through the frequency converter and the rotary encoder, for example, the rotating speed of the lifting motor is adjusted as follows: the PLC101 outputs a given value to the lifting motor through the output module 105, then compares the given value with a feedback value of a rotary encoder connected with the lifting motor, determines a control quantity of a frequency converter of the lifting motor according to a certain algorithm according to the difference value, and then controls the lifting motor to operate through the frequency converter. The speed of the lifting motor is adjusted, wherein the pulse frequency of the rotary encoder displays the rotating speed value of the corresponding motor.
The frequency converter controls the corresponding motor to operate in three modes: the panel keyboard control of the frequency converter, AVI control of an external analog input end and 485 interface control of standard communication are three modes. In the embodiment, the PLC101 is used for controlling the output analog quantity, the frequency converter is controlled by an external analog input end AVI to operate, the input frequency of the frequency converter is controlled by a potentiometer RW1 connected with the frequency converter, and the input frequency of the corresponding frequency converter can be changed by adjusting RW1, so that the rotating speed of the corresponding motor is changed. And the running and stopping of the motor are controlled by external input analog signals.
The motion control of the hydraulic mechanical arm 106 mainly comprises 8 motions of extending and retracting of a main arm, opening and retracting of a stack arm, unlocking of locking of the stack arm and extending and retracting of a measuring arm. In addition, the control method also comprises time delay control of the locking and unlocking actions of the stacking arm, and particularly realizes 3-second time delay of a relay for locking and unlocking the stacking arm. Meanwhile, the sequential logic interlocking of the extending of the main arm, the unlocking of the folding arm, the opening of the folding arm, the locking of the folding arm, the extending of the measuring arm, the retracting of the measuring arm, the unlocking of the folding arm, the retracting of the folding arm, the locking of the folding arm and the retracting action of the main arm is realized, namely, a user can only operate the hydraulic mechanical arm 106 according to the sequence, and when the sequence is wrong, the corresponding operation is invalid, so that the wrong operation caused by wrong button clicking can be prevented, and the equipment damage or safety accidents are prevented.
In the operation process, the touch screen 102 is divided into 3 switching interfaces, which are an operation button for controlling the ascending and descending of the measuring arm in the hydraulic mechanical arm 106, an interface for displaying the working state of each device, an operation button interface for controlling the extending and retracting of the main arm of the hydraulic mechanical arm 106, and an operation interface for controlling the rotating speed of the lifting motor and the telescopic motor. The introduction and use of the touch screen 102 make the operation of the user more intuitive and the operation state of each device more known, so that the user can more simply and conveniently use the PLC101 to control each function of the ADCP107, and meanwhile, more space and room are left for various extensions in the future.
When the device is used, the main arm of the hydraulic mechanical arm 106 is firstly controlled to extend out, then the locking between the laminated arm and the main arm is unlocked, the laminated arm is controlled to be opened until the laminated arm is perpendicular to the main arm, the laminated arm and the main arm are locked, and then the measuring arm is controlled to extend out of the water surface until the measuring probe is sent to a preset position. And after the measurement is finished, the measuring arm is retracted, then the locking between the folding arm and the main arm is unlocked, the folding arm is controlled to be folded towards the main arm until the folding arm is attached to the main arm, the folding arm and the main arm are locked at the moment, and finally the main arm is retracted into the hull of the measuring ship, so that the whole flow measurement work is finished.
According to the invention, the PLC is used for controlling the working process of the ADCP, and the touch screen is used for realizing man-machine interaction, so that the number of control buttons is effectively reduced, and the control process of the ADCP is more efficient and convenient. Meanwhile, the measuring probe of the ADCP is driven by the hydraulic mechanical arm, the problem that the personal safety of personnel is possibly caused by manually installing the measuring probe of the ADCP is solved, the measuring probe of the ADCP is far away from the ship body by the hydraulic mechanical arm, and the interference of the water-passing turbulence of the ship on the measurement of the ADCP is avoided.
It should be noted that, in this document, the appearances of "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing technical terms and convenience in description, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A hydrological flow measurement system based on a PLC, comprising: the device comprises a PLC, a touch screen, a measurement switch button, an input module, an output module, a hydraulic mechanical arm and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP);
the touch screen, the input module, the output module and the ADCP are all electrically connected with the PLC, the measurement switch button is electrically connected with the input module, the hydraulic mechanical arm is electrically connected with the output module, the measurement probe of the ADCP is installed on the hydraulic mechanical arm, the PLC is electrically connected with a first power supply, the input module is electrically connected with a second power supply, and the output module is electrically connected with a third power supply;
the touch screen and the measurement switch button are used for receiving a control signal input by a user and transmitting the control signal to the PLC, the input module is used for converting an external input signal into a level signal which can be processed inside the PLC and transmitting the level signal to the PLC, the output module is used for converting a digital signal output by the PLC into an analog signal and outputting the analog signal, and the hydraulic mechanical arm is used for driving a measurement probe of the ADCP to enter or leave a measurement water area;
the hydraulic mechanical arm comprises a horizontally arranged main arm, a stack arm pivoted with the main arm and a measuring arm telescopically connected with the stack arm; the main arm is powered by a telescopic motor to realize extending and retracting actions, the folding arm is powered by a hydraulic pump to realize folding and unfolding with the main arm, the folding arm comprises two states of folding and fitting with the main arm and being vertical to the main arm, the folding arm and the main arm can be locked and unlocked, and the measuring arm is telescopic with the folding arm through a lifting motor; locking and unlocking of the stack arm and stretching and retracting of the measuring arm are carried out for 8 actions, and sequential logic interlocking of stretching out of a main arm, unlocking of the stack arm, opening of the stack arm, locking of the stack arm, stretching out of the measuring arm, retracting of the measuring arm, unlocking of the stack arm, retracting of the stack arm, locking of the stack arm and retracting of the main arm is carried out, namely, a user can only operate the hydraulic mechanical arm according to the sequence, when the sequence is wrong, corresponding operation is invalid, and the measuring probe of the ADCP is installed at the bottom end of the measuring arm.
2. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 1, wherein the PLC is an FX3U-32MT PLC.
3. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 1, wherein said touch screen is a DOP-B07S411 touch screen.
4. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 3, wherein the touch screen communicates with the PLC via an RS 232-to-AVI interface.
5. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 2, wherein said input module is an FX2N-8EX type expansion module.
6. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 2, wherein said output module is an FX2N-2DA type expansion module.
7. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 2, wherein said first power supply consists of a 220V ac power supply and a 24V dc power supply.
8. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 5, wherein said second power supply is a 24 DC power supply.
9. The PLC-based hydrological flow gauging system of claim 6 wherein the third power supply is a 24V dc power supply.
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| CN201711019984.8A CN107831336B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Hydrology flow measurement system based on PLC |
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| CN201711019984.8A CN107831336B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Hydrology flow measurement system based on PLC |
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| CN107831336A CN107831336A (en) | 2018-03-23 |
| CN107831336B true CN107831336B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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