CN107721454B - B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板及其制备方法，保温板的原料组分为石英砂、石灰、水泥、石膏、铝粉和稳泡剂，其中各组分的重量百分含量为：石英砂56%~60%、石灰8%~11%、水泥20%~30%、石膏2%~4%、铝粉0.24%~0.26%、稳泡剂0.02%~0.03%。防火保温板为无机非金属材料，质轻、不燃且保温性能好。本发明很好的解决了建筑物外墙冷热桥问题，防火性能为A1级，耐久性能好与建筑物同寿命。本发明克服了现有技术产品强度低，运输及施工不便的缺点，同时在生产过程中减少外加剂种类的使用，降低了生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种绿色环保新型建材，尤其涉及B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，国内建筑市场的保温材料主要包括EPS板、XPS板等传统的高分子易燃保温材料，其使用存在巨大的安全隐患，如防火等级低、寿命短、抗风压能力差、墙面裂缝、空鼓、脱落等缺陷。近年来，因保温材料防火等级低而发生的特大火灾很多，因此，不符合现代人们崇尚安全、绿色、环保、无毒、低VOC的要求。
B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板具有防火等级为A1级，容重及导热系数均相对较低的特性，作为新型绿色墙体材料，随着绿色建筑的发展，其产品优势非常显著。
但是生产B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板产品存在以下难点：
一是，B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板对原材料的要求较高，产品配合比复杂。
二是，B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板的生产稳定性较差，生产过程中各个工艺环节控制要求较高。
三是，B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板属于脆性无机非金属材料，强度相对较低，对于生产、运输、施工等要求较高。
发明内容
本发明为了解决以上问题，提出了B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板及其制备方法，有效的弥补了前述的现有技术的不足与缺陷，克服了生产、运输、施工等难点，提供一种通过稳定生产相对提高抗压强度的工艺配比，确保其质轻、保温、隔热、隔声、防火的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板，其干密度低于国家标准GB11968-2006中的最低等级，但却可以稳定生产以及达到0.75MPa以上的抗压强度。
本发明的上述目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：
本发明提供了B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板，其原料组分为石英砂、水泥、石灰、石膏、铝粉和稳泡剂，其中各组分的重量百分含量为：石英砂56%~60%、石灰8%~11%、水泥20%~30%、石膏2%~4%、铝粉0.24%~0.26%、稳泡剂0.02%~0.03%。
优选的，所述防火保温板各组分的重量百分含量为：石英砂58%、石灰11%、水泥27.73%、石膏3%、铝粉0.25%、稳泡剂0.02%
优选的，所述稳泡剂的型号为GT-717。
优选的，所述石英砂中的二氧化硅含量为90%以上。
优选的，所述石灰中的氧化钙含量为80%以上。
优选的，所述石膏为脱硫石膏，其中的三氧化硫含量为45%以上。
优选的，所述的铝粉为B03铝粉。
一种如上所述的任一项所述的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将各组分按照重量百分含量为：石英砂56%~60%、石灰8%~11%、水泥20%~30%、石膏2%~4%、铝粉0.24%~0.26%、稳泡剂0.02%~0.03%的比例进行配料；
（2）收集生产切割后的废料，按照步骤1各组分配料重量计算废料所需的重量，其中废料占总重量的10%；
（3）将石英砂加水制成石英砂浆，比重为（1.57~1.60）kg/L；石膏加水制成石膏浆，比重为（1.55~1.57）kg/L，生产切割后废料加水制成废浆，比重为（1.39~1.42）kg/L；
（4）将石英砂浆、废浆、石膏浆、石灰、水泥进行计量配料，依次投入搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460~480r/min，搅拌时间为3min~4min，搅拌温度为36~37℃；
（5）将铝粉、稳泡剂加入铝粉搅拌罐中混合搅拌，搅拌速率580~600r/min，搅拌时间为3min~5min，搅拌温度为10~20℃；
（6）将步骤5所得混合物投入步骤4所得混合物中，在搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460~480r/min，搅拌时间为20s~40s，搅拌温度为37~38℃；
（7）将步骤6所得混合物料倒入模具车，进行静停养护，静停时间为4.5~5h，静停温度45~48℃，静停湿度25~27%RH；
（8）静停结束后脱模切割，切割时坯体硬度为160~180，横切速度为2m/min，横切所用钢丝直径为1.0mm，纵切所用钢丝直径为0.8mm；
（9）将切割后的板材进行压蒸养护：先预养护1h；抽真空使釜内达到-0.05MPa～-0.06MPa；然后升压至1.2MPa；后恒压1.2MPa，恒压时间7.5h；然后降压至0MPa。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
（1）本发明B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板作为无机非金属材料，其防火等级为A1级，产品耐久性可与建筑物同寿命，解决了外墙保温防火和耐久性问题；
（2）本发明防火保温板外墙具有自保温体系，导热系数低，保温性能好，B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板采用专用粘结砂浆粘贴，不易产生开裂、保温层脱落等现象；
（3）本发明防火保温板的使用可以替代以往“墙体+聚苯板”的建筑保温工艺模式，B05或B06级蒸压砂加气混凝土作为墙体安装后，冷热桥部位采用B02级防火保温板粘贴施工，即外墙保温直接以砂加气混凝土防火保温板一种材料，不需附加其他外保温措施就可达到能耗要求，这种建筑保温工艺工序简单，可大大缩短工期；
（4）本发明在制备防火保温板的过程中加入了废浆，可以有效提高保温板性能，同时本发明降低了浇注温度、适当延长了静停时间、降低切割硬度、降低切割速度、控制养护制度，实现更加优异的性能指标，本发明防火保温板干密度≤195 kg/m3，抗压强度均＞0.75MPa，干态导热系数≤0.058W/(m▪K)；
（5）本发明弥补了现有技术中产品强度相对较低的不足，克服了B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土强度低，运输及施工不便的缺点，同时在生产过程中减少外加剂的使用，降低生产成本。
具体实施方式
为使本发明目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明的实施方式作进一步详细说明。
本发明提供了B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板，所述保温板的原料组分为石英砂、石灰、水泥、石膏、铝粉和稳泡剂，其中各组分的重量百分含量为：石英砂56%~60%、石灰8%~11%、水泥20%~30%、石膏2%~4%、铝粉0.24%~0.26%、稳泡剂0.02%~0.03%。
优选的，所述防火保温板各组分的重量百分含量为：石英砂58%、石灰11%、水泥27.73%、石膏3%、铝粉0.25%、稳泡剂0.02%。
优选的，所述稳泡剂的型号为GT-717。
优选的，所述石英砂中的二氧化硅含量为90%以上。
优选的，所述石灰中的氧化钙含量为80%以上。
优选的，所述石膏为脱硫石膏，其中的三氧化硫含量为45%以上。
优选的，所述的铝粉为B03铝粉。
一种如上所述的任一项所述的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将各组分按照重量百分含量为：石英砂56%~60%、石灰8%~11%、水泥20%~30%、石膏2%~4%、铝粉0.24%~0.26%、稳泡剂0.02%~0.03%的比例进行配料；
（2）收集生产切割后的废料，按照步骤1各组分配料重量计算废料所需的重量，其中废料占总重量的10%；
（3）将石英砂加水制成石英砂浆，比重为（1.57~1.60）kg/L；石膏加水制成石膏浆，比重为（1.55~1.57）kg/L，生产切割后废料加水制成废浆，比重为（1.39~1.42）kg/L；
（4）将石英砂浆、废浆、石膏浆、水泥、石灰进行计量配料，依次投入搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460~480r/min，搅拌时间为3min~4min，搅拌温度为36~37℃；
（5）将铝粉、稳泡剂加入铝粉搅拌罐中混合搅拌，搅拌速率580~600r/min，搅拌时间为3min~5min，搅拌温度为10~20℃；
（6）将步骤5所得混合物投入步骤4所得混合物中，在搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460~480r/min，搅拌时间为20s~40s，搅拌温度为37~38℃；
（7）将步骤6所得混合物料倒入模具车，进行静停养护，静停时间为4.5~5h，静停温度45~48℃，静停湿度25~27%RH；
（8）静停结束后脱模切割，切割时坯体硬度为160~180，横切速度为2m/min，横切所用钢丝直径为1.0mm，纵切所用钢丝直径为0.8mm；
（9）将切割后的板材进行压蒸养护：先预养护1h；抽真空使釜内达到-0.05MPa～-0.06MPa；然后升压至1.2MPa；后恒压1.2MPa，恒压时间7.5h；然后降压至0MPa。
实施例1
将各组分按照石英砂56%、石灰10%、水泥30%、石膏3.73%、B03铝粉0.24%、GT-717型稳泡剂0.03%进行配料；其中废料为各组分总重量的10%。
将石英砂加水制成石英砂浆，比重为1.58kg/L；石膏加水制成石膏浆，比重为1.55kg/L，生产切割后废料加水制成废浆，比重为1.40kg/L；将石英砂浆、废浆、石膏浆、水泥、石灰进行计量配料，依次投入搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460r/min，搅拌时间为4min，搅拌温度为36℃；将铝粉、稳泡剂加入铝粉搅拌罐中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为580r/min，搅拌时间为3min，搅拌温度为10℃；将铝粉混合液投入石英砂等混合料中，在搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌速率为460r/min，搅拌时间为20s，搅拌温度为37℃。将最终所得混合物料倒入模具车，进行静停养护，静停时间为4.5h，静停温度45℃，静停湿度25%RH；静停结束后脱模切割，切割时坯体硬度为160，横切速度为2m/min，横切所用钢丝直径为1.0mm，纵切所用钢丝直径为0.8mm；将切割后的板材进行压蒸养护：先预养护1h；抽真空使釜内达到-0.05MPa；升压至1.2MPa；恒压1.2MPa，恒压时间7.5h；然后降压至0MPa。制成本发明所述的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板。
该实施例产品的性能为：干密度195 kg/m3，抗压强度0.77MPa，干态导热系数小于0.058W/(m▪K)。
实施例2
将各组分按照石英砂60%、石灰11%、水泥26.71%、石膏2%、B03铝粉0.26%、GT-717型稳泡剂0.03%进行配料；其中废料为各组分总重量的10%。
将石英砂加水制成石英砂浆，比重为1.58kg/L；石膏加水制成石膏浆，比重为1.55kg/L，生产切割后废料加水制成废浆，比重为1.40kg/L；将石英砂浆、废浆、石膏浆、水泥、石灰进行计量配料，依次投入搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为480r/min，搅拌时间为4min，搅拌温度为37℃；将铝粉、稳泡剂加入铝粉搅拌罐中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为600r/min，搅拌时间为4min，搅拌温度为20℃；将铝粉混合液投入石英砂等混合料中，在搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌速率为480r/min，搅拌时间为40s，搅拌温度为38℃。将最终所得混合物料倒入模具车，进行静停养护，静停时间为5h，静停温度48℃，静停湿度27%RH；静停结束后脱模切割，切割时坯体硬度为180，横切速度为2m/min，横切所用钢丝直径为1.0mm，纵切所用钢丝直径为0.8mm；将切割后的板材进行压蒸养护：先预养护1h；抽真空使釜内达到-0.06MPa；升压至1.2MPa；恒压1.2MPa，恒压时间7.5h；然后降压至0MPa。制成本发明所述的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板。
该实施例产品的性能为：干密度195 kg/m3，抗压强度0.76MPa，干态导热系数小于0.058W/(m▪K)。
实施例3
将各组分按照石英砂58%、石灰11%、水泥27.73%、石膏3%、B03铝粉0.25%、GT-717型稳泡剂0.02%进行配料；其中废料为各组分总重量的10%。
将石英砂加水制成石英砂浆，比重为1.58kg/L；石膏加水制成石膏浆，比重为1.55kg/L，生产切割后废料加水制成废浆，比重为1.40kg/L；将石英砂浆、废浆、石膏浆、水泥、石灰进行计量配料，依次投入搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为470r/min，搅拌时间为4min，搅拌温度为37℃；将铝粉、稳泡剂加入铝粉搅拌罐中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为590r/min，搅拌时间为4min，搅拌温度为15℃；将铝粉混合液投入石英砂等混合料中，在搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌速率为470r/min，搅拌时间为30s，搅拌温度为37℃。将最终所得混合物料倒入模具车，进行静停养护，静停时间为4.5h，静停温度46℃，静停湿度26%RH；静停结束后脱模切割，切割时坯体硬度为170，横切速度为2m/min，横切所用钢丝直径为1.0mm，纵切所用钢丝直径为0.8mm；将切割后的板材进行压蒸养护：先预养护1h；抽真空使釜内达到-0.06MPa；升压至1.2MPa；恒压1.2MPa，恒压时间7.5h；然后降压至0MPa。制成本发明所述的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板。
该实施例产品的性能为：干密度194 kg/m3，抗压强度0.78MPa，干态导热系数小于0.057W/(m▪K)。
综上所述，本发明公开的B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板性能参数：干密度≤195 kg/m3，抗压强度均＞0.75MPa，干态导热系数≤0.058W/(m▪K)，该性能明显优于现有防火保温板的性能参数。
本发明B02级砂加气混凝土防火保温板作为无机非金属材料，其防火等级为A1级，产品耐久性可与建筑物同寿命，解决了外墙保温防火和后期维护问题；本发明防火保温板外墙具有自保温体系，导热系数低，保温性能好，B02级砂加气混凝土防火保温板采用专用粘结砂浆粘贴，不容易产生开裂、保温层脱落等现象；本发明防火保温板的使用可以替代以往“墙体+聚苯板”的建筑保温工艺模式，B05或B06级蒸压砂加气混凝土作为墙体安装后，冷热桥部位采用B02级防火保温板粘贴施工，即外墙保温直接以砂加气混凝土防火保温板一种材料，不需附加其他外保温措施就可达到能耗要求，这种建筑保温工艺工序简单，可大大缩短工期；本发明在制备防火保温板的过程中加入了废浆，可以有效提高保温板性能，同时本发明降低了浇注温度、适当延长了静停时间、降低切割硬度、降低切割速度、控制养护制度，实现更加优异的性能指标；本发明弥补了现有技术中产品强度较低的不足，克服了B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土强度低，运输及施工不便的缺点，同时在生产过程中减少外加剂的使用，降低生产成本。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节。
Claims (1)
1.一种B02级轻质蒸压砂加气混凝土防火保温板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
保温板原料组分为石英砂、石灰、水泥、石膏、铝粉和稳泡剂，将各组分按照重量百分含量为：石英砂56%~60%、石灰8%~11%、水泥20%~30%、石膏2%~4%、铝粉0.24%~0.26%、稳泡剂0.02%~0.03%的比例进行配料，所述稳泡剂的型号为GT-717，所述石英砂中的二氧化硅含量为90%以上，所述石灰中的氧化钙含量为80%以上，所述石膏为脱硫石膏，其中脱硫石膏中的三氧化硫含量为45%以上，所述的铝粉为B03铝粉；
收集生产切割后的废料，按照步骤（1）各组分配料重量计算废料所需的重量，其中废料占总重量的10%；
将石英砂加水制成石英砂浆，比重为（1.57~1.60）kg/L；石膏加水制成石膏浆，比重为（1.55~1.57）kg/L，生产切割后废料加水制成废浆，比重为（1.39~1.42）kg/L；
将石英砂浆、废浆、石膏浆、水泥、石灰进行计量配料，依次投入搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460~480r/min，搅拌时间为3min~4min，搅拌温度为36~37℃；
将铝粉、稳泡剂加入铝粉搅拌罐中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为580~600r/min，搅拌时间为3min~5min，搅拌温度为10~20℃；
将步骤（5）所得混合物投入步骤（4）所得混合物中，在搅拌机中混合搅拌，搅拌速率为460~480r/min，搅拌时间为20s~40s，搅拌温度为37~38℃；
将步骤（6）所得混合物料倒入模具车，进行静停养护，静停时间为4.5~5h，静停温度45~48℃，静停湿度25~27%RH；
静停结束后脱模切割，切割时坯体硬度为160~180，横切速度为2m/min，横切所用钢丝直径为1.0mm，纵切所用钢丝直径为0.8mm；
将切割后的板材进行蒸压养护：先预养护1h；抽真空使釜内达到-0.05MPa～-0.06MPa；然后升压至1.2MPa；后恒压1.2MPa，恒压时间7.5h；然后降压至0MPa。
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