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CN107396865A - A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab - Google Patents

A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107396865A
CN107396865A CN201710606934.3A CN201710606934A CN107396865A CN 107396865 A CN107396865 A CN 107396865A CN 201710606934 A CN201710606934 A CN 201710606934A CN 107396865 A CN107396865 A CN 107396865A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
crab
pond
submerged plant
floating bed
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CN201710606934.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
戴光红
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ANHUI HUAYI AGRICULTURE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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ANHUI HUAYI AGRICULTURE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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Priority to CN201710606934.3A priority Critical patent/CN107396865A/en
Publication of CN107396865A publication Critical patent/CN107396865A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/60Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab, the present invention sets deep water ditch at pond bottom, planting submerged plant is planted in profundal zone, in phytal zone, water surface laying is plant floating bed, it is biological floating bed to be spaced apart with submerged plant, the photosynthesis that floating bed uploads kind of plant is combined with the respiration of submerged plant, on long terms, has good result to water transparency and the restoration of the ecosystem of culture pond original position;Pond waters is divided into multiple alternatively distributed profundal zones and phytal zone additionally by zanjon, when water body is contaminated, when water transparency reduces, the new shelling environment close to the water surface is provided for crab using phytal zone, the survival rate of crab is lifted, increases the crab yield of unit area.

Description

A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to one kind combines submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding The method of crab.
Background technology
It is very high to propagate requirement of the crab to plant artificially, cultivates the pond of crab at present, it is desirable to which area is typically in 1-5 Mu is advisable, and crab pond condition is had abundant water resources, and water quality is good, and Inlet and outlet water is convenient, and the depth of water is typically preferably 1-1.5 rice.Crab bottom of pond quality Preferably sandy loam, gravel soil, venting capability is good, is advantageous to pasture and water, bottom is dwelt the growth and breedings of animals and plants, can provide day for river crab Right feed, bottom of pond silt depth are usually no more than 5 centimetres.
Crab likes the water body environment that water quality is peace and quiet, transparency is larger into crab, and optimum is grown thickly in pasture and water, what bait enriched Survived in water body, thus more options pond, lake, river are swung and the cultivation base of the Freshwater ecosystems as crab such as rice field.So And in recent years because extensive seining cultivation year after year, the water body of many cultivation bases are caused water by different degrees of pollution Body is degenerated, and submerged plant largely reduces, and water transparency reduces so that the growth and breeding of crab is influenceed and limit by certain System, yield also decline therewith.On the other hand, crab is in growth course, can grow up into crab after multiple shell, and crab Level can be minimized in the survival ability in shell stage, the death rate is high, and in order to ensure the shell of crab, crab agriculture is needed to water Body launches a large amount of pasture and water, and this has aggravated the water pollution of Yangcheng Lake, and the cultivation for steamed crab is more unfavorable.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab, adjusts culture pond body It is water quality, so as to improve the yield of crab.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab, comprises the following steps:
(1)The selection of culturing pool:
Self-built culturing pool bottom surrounding is provided with multiple tracks zanjon, culturing pool is divided into multiple tracks profundal zone and phytal zone, pond Microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment is installed in profundal zone, and sets up fence, and the low 50cm in fence insertion pond is advisable, set pond water inlet and Delivery port;
(2)Sterilize rich water:
Water filling in the one week backward mixed breeding pool in the pool is shone, the pond depth of water is noted into high 30cm, according to 100g/m2Ratio life is spread fertilizer over the fields into pond Lime second day after splashing, turns over mud, the quick lime on bottom of pond surface is ploughed under in mud bottom, drained after one week to pasteurised completely Water, the then water filling into the mixed breeding pool;
(3)Plant pasture and water:
In pond phytal zone, the corresponding water surface is set up plant floating bed, plants iris, the water-bed laying artificial aquatic weed in phytal zone, in profundal zone Submerged plant waterweed is planted, according to 2m × 3m line space cuttages, having after cuttage depth 3-5cm, Zai Shi composite fertilizer and fermentation Machine fertilizer, after applying fertilizer 10 days, using throwing method in profundal zone kind planting submerged plant, including eel grass, hydrilla verticillata;
(4)Juvenile crab is put in a suitable place to breed:
Juvenile crab is put into pond, water temperature is advisable at 10-12 DEG C when launching juvenile crab, and juvenile crab first is put into pond water in launch process Middle 3-4 minutes, further take out the water surface and place 30-35 minutes, be repeated several times, allow juvenile crab to adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is every mu of 600- 900 crabs;
(5)Daily management:
A, respectively launch a bait sooner or later daily, launch larva of a tapeworm or the cercaria of a schistosome snail, mussel meat, wheat, corn the 3-4 months, daily injected volume is crab The 4-5% of body weight;5-8 month daily ration of feeding accounts for the 7-10% for depositing pool crab weight, reduces animal food ratio;9-10 months are crab weightening rank Section, feeds intake, is stepped up animal food ratio for multiple daily;
B, during crab is cultivated, regulation culture pond water temperature at 10-32 DEG C, control Dissolved Oxygen in Water content in 5-9mg/L, High temperature period, aerator is opened during daily night 22-23, close during to next day 3-5;
C, water is changed once within every 10 days, each quantity of exchanged water is 30-50%, and the temperature difference for changing water is less than 5 DEG C, controls water pH value It is advisable in 7-8, the transparency of water body is more than more than 40cm;
(6)When the average weight of crab reaches 150g, fishing listing.
Wherein, it is in Back Word type or zonal distribution between the zanjon of the culturing pool bottom.
Wherein, described deep water sector width is in 1-1.5m, and shallow water sector width is in 0.7-1m, profundal zone and phytal zone depth phase Poor 0.5-0.8m, the depth of water of phytal zone is in 0.8-1.3m.
Wherein, the area ratio of the profundal zone and phytal zone is 1:0.3-0.6.
Wherein, the step(3)Middle Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 140kg/ mus, and composite fertilizer's consumption is 2kg/ mus.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that:
(1)The present invention sets deep water ditch at pond bottom, and planting submerged plant is planted in profundal zone, and in phytal zone, water surface laying plant floats Bed, biological floating bed to be spaced apart with submerged plant, floating bed does not interfere with the respiration of profundal zone submerged plant, on the other hand may be used To reduce the sunlight direct irradiation phytal zone bottom, slow down water temperature heating, make the growth metabolism of water body environment bacterium preferably, float The photosynthesis that bed uploads kind of plant is combined with the respiration of submerged plant, and a large amount of nutrients uptakes of water body are converted into plant Thing tissue, water body total nitrogen content is effectively reduced, on long terms, using submerged plant with the biological floating bed this cultivation being combined Mode, there is good result to water transparency and the restoration of the ecosystem of culture pond original position.
(2)Pond waters is divided into by multiple alternatively distributed profundal zones and phytal zone by zanjon, it is preferable in aquatic environment When, crab can inhabit phytal zone, and in the pasture and water that profundal zone can be inhabited during shelling, when water body is contaminated, water body is saturating Lightness reduces, and the submerged plant of profundal zone degenerates in the case of effective shell environment can not being provided for crab shell, and utilization is shallow Pool provides the new shelling environment close to the water surface for crab, while floating bed plant has interception, can be crab shell Dark environment is provided, coordinates the water-bed artificial aquatic weed in phytal zone, strengthens the disguise of shell environment.
Embodiment
In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below Close specific embodiment and the present invention is expanded on further.
A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab, comprises the following steps:
(1)The selection of culturing pool:
Self-built culturing pool bottom surrounding is provided with multiple tracks zonal distribution zanjon, culturing pool is divided into multiple tracks profundal zone and shallow water Area, pond profundal zone installation microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment, and fence is set up, the low 50cm in fence insertion pond is advisable, and sets pond Water inlet and delivery port;
(2)Sterilize rich water:
Water filling in the one week backward mixed breeding pool in the pool is shone, the pond depth of water is noted into high 30cm, according to 100g/m2Ratio life is spread fertilizer over the fields into pond Lime second day after splashing, turns over mud, the quick lime on bottom of pond surface is ploughed under in mud bottom, drained after one week to pasteurised completely Water, the then water filling into the mixed breeding pool;
(3)Plant pasture and water:
In pond phytal zone, the corresponding water surface is set up plant floating bed, plants iris, the water-bed laying artificial aquatic weed in phytal zone, in profundal zone Submerged plant waterweed is planted, it is organic after cuttage depth 4cm, Zai Shi composite fertilizer and fermentation according to 2m × 3m line space cuttages Fertilizer, after applying fertilizer 10 days, eel grass is planted in profundal zone using throwing method;
(4)Juvenile crab is put in a suitable place to breed:
Juvenile crab is put into pond, water temperature is advisable at 10-12 DEG C when launching juvenile crab, and juvenile crab first is put into pond water in launch process In 4 minutes, further take out the water surface place 30 minutes, be repeated several times, allow juvenile crab adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is every mu of 800 crabs;
(5)Daily management:
A, respectively launch a bait sooner or later daily, launch larva of a tapeworm or the cercaria of a schistosome snail, mussel meat, wheat, corn the 3-4 months, daily injected volume is crab The 5% of body weight;5-8 month daily ration of feeding, which accounts for, deposits the 8% of pool crab weight, reduces animal food ratio;9-10 months are that crab increases weight the stage, often Day repeatedly feeds intake, and is stepped up animal food ratio;
B, during crab is cultivated, regulation culture pond water temperature is at 25 DEG C, and control Dissolved Oxygen in Water content is in 6mg/L, high temperature In period, aerator is opened during daily night 22-23, close during to next day 3-5;
C, water is changed once within every 10 days, each quantity of exchanged water is 30%, and the temperature difference for changing water is less than 5 DEG C, and control water pH value is in 7- 8 are advisable, and the transparency of water body is more than more than 40cm;
(6)When the average weight of crab reaches 150g, fishing listing.
Wherein, described deep water sector width differs in 1.2m, shallow water sector width in 1m, profundal zone with phytal zone depth 0.7m, the depth of water of phytal zone is in 1m.
Wherein, the area ratio of the profundal zone and phytal zone is 1:0.6.
Wherein, the step(3)Middle Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 140kg/ mus, and composite fertilizer's consumption is 2kg/ mus.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1)The selection of culturing pool:
Self-built culturing pool bottom surrounding is provided with multiple tracks zanjon, culturing pool is divided into multiple tracks profundal zone and phytal zone, pond Microporous pipeline oxygen increasing equipment is installed in profundal zone, and sets up fence, and the low 50cm in fence insertion pond is advisable, set pond water inlet and Delivery port;
(2)Sterilize rich water:
Water filling in the one week backward mixed breeding pool in the pool is shone, the pond depth of water is noted into high 30cm, according to 100g/m2Ratio life is spread fertilizer over the fields into pond Lime second day after splashing, turns over mud, the quick lime on bottom of pond surface is ploughed under in mud bottom, drained after one week to pasteurised completely Water, the then water filling into the mixed breeding pool;
(3)Plant pasture and water:
In pond phytal zone, the corresponding water surface is set up plant floating bed, plants iris, the water-bed laying artificial aquatic weed in phytal zone, in profundal zone Submerged plant waterweed is planted, according to 2m × 3m line space cuttages, having after cuttage depth 3-5cm, Zai Shi composite fertilizer and fermentation Machine fertilizer, after applying fertilizer 10 days, kind of a planting submerged plant, including eel grass, hydrilla verticillata are planted in profundal zone using throwing method;
(4)Juvenile crab is put in a suitable place to breed:
Juvenile crab is put into pond, water temperature is advisable at 10-12 DEG C when launching juvenile crab, and juvenile crab first is put into pond water in launch process Middle 3-4 minutes, further take out the water surface and place 30-35 minutes, be repeated several times, allow juvenile crab to adapt to water temperature, cultivation density is every mu of 600- 900 crabs;
(5)Daily management:
A, respectively launch a bait sooner or later daily, launch larva of a tapeworm or the cercaria of a schistosome snail, mussel meat, wheat, corn the 3-4 months, daily injected volume is crab The 4-5% of body weight;5-8 month daily ration of feeding accounts for the 7-10% for depositing pool crab weight, reduces animal food ratio;9-10 months are crab weightening rank Section, feeds intake, is stepped up animal food ratio for multiple daily;
B, during crab is cultivated, regulation culture pond water temperature at 10-32 DEG C, control Dissolved Oxygen in Water content in 5-9mg/L, High temperature period, aerator is opened during daily night 22-23, close during to next day 3-5;
C, water is changed once within every 10 days, each quantity of exchanged water is 30-50%, and the temperature difference for changing water is less than 5 DEG C, controls water pH value It is advisable in 7-8, the transparency of water body is more than more than 40cm;
(6)When the average weight of crab reaches 150g, fishing listing.
2. a kind of method of the combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab according to claims 1, it is special Sign is, is in Back Word type or zonal distribution between the zanjon of the culturing pool bottom.
3. a kind of method of the combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab according to claims 1,2, its It is characterised by, described deep water sector width differs in 1-1.5m, shallow water sector width in 0.7-1m, profundal zone with phytal zone depth 0.5-0.8m, the depth of water of phytal zone is in 0.8-1.3m.
4. a kind of method of the combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab according to claims 1-3, its It is characterised by, the area ratio of the profundal zone and phytal zone is 1:0.3-0.6.
5. a kind of method of the combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab according to claims 1, it is special Sign is, the step(3)Middle Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 140kg/ mus, and composite fertilizer's consumption is 2kg/ mus.
CN201710606934.3A 2017-07-24 2017-07-24 A kind of method of combination submerged plant and biological floating bed combined breeding crab Pending CN107396865A (en)

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Cited By (8)

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CN107821266A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-03-23 马鞍山绿野生态农业(集团)有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving crab resistance against diseases
CN108040941A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-18 马鞍山市海滨水产品生态养殖专业合作社 A kind of vegetables crab cultivation method of environmentally protective solid
CN108184738A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-22 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 A kind of river crab high-efficiency stepped formula pond breeding method
CN109997752A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-12 南京师范大学 A kind of synchronous intensive culture pool and cultural method for realizing crab volume increase and purification of water quality reuse
CN112167122A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-01-05 昭通山鑫农业发展有限公司 Crab culture pond and crab culture method
CN113754063A (en) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-07 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 Method and system for cultivating eriocheir sinensis by using myriophyllum viridis ecological wetland
CN114208756A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-03-22 江苏省淡水水产研究所 Circulating water intensive culture method for river crabs
CN118077623A (en) * 2024-03-18 2024-05-28 苏州市农业科学院(江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所) A method for ecological breeding of river crabs using two-way habitat construction

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107821266A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-03-23 马鞍山绿野生态农业(集团)有限公司 A kind of cultural method for improving crab resistance against diseases
CN108040941A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-05-18 马鞍山市海滨水产品生态养殖专业合作社 A kind of vegetables crab cultivation method of environmentally protective solid
CN108184738A (en) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-22 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 A kind of river crab high-efficiency stepped formula pond breeding method
CN109997752A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-12 南京师范大学 A kind of synchronous intensive culture pool and cultural method for realizing crab volume increase and purification of water quality reuse
CN112167122A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-01-05 昭通山鑫农业发展有限公司 Crab culture pond and crab culture method
CN113754063A (en) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-07 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 Method and system for cultivating eriocheir sinensis by using myriophyllum viridis ecological wetland
CN114208756A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-03-22 江苏省淡水水产研究所 Circulating water intensive culture method for river crabs
CN118077623A (en) * 2024-03-18 2024-05-28 苏州市农业科学院(江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所) A method for ecological breeding of river crabs using two-way habitat construction

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Application publication date: 20171128