CN107223506A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut Download PDFInfo
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- CN107223506A CN107223506A CN201710380589.6A CN201710380589A CN107223506A CN 107223506 A CN107223506 A CN 107223506A CN 201710380589 A CN201710380589 A CN 201710380589A CN 107223506 A CN107223506 A CN 107223506A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the planting technology field of hickory nut, a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut is disclosed, is comprised the following steps：（1）Cuttage branch is selected, and it is handled, makes cuttage otch is quick to be further differentiated into conducting tissue, forming layer and growing point under seedling medium against callus is differentiated to form, form root restriction under preference temperature, finally sprouts and forms adventitious root；（2）Prepare the key that suitable seedling medium is cuttage and seedling culture, relationship affect in seedling medium between a composition the decomposition and release of nutrient, the proportion relation of wherein peat and other compositions is very delicate, get hold of optimum proportioning, the speed of growth and growth conditions of seedling can be just improved, accelerates the formation of photosynthesis and organic matter；（3）Management after cuttage opportunity and cuttage is also particularly significant, and excessive nutrient is not used before cutting survival, is the inadaptability in order to avoid cuttings root for environment, so as to the high phenomenon of the death rate occur.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hickory nut planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut.
Background technology
Apocarya, just entitled pecan tree.Trunk end is straight, nearly wide avette, the well developed root system of tree crown, water-fast wet, can
Isolated planting, group planting preferably make shade tree in lakeside, lawn etc., and shade tree is also adapted to river alongshore and plains region afforestation, is
Good township afforestation seeds and fruit material dual-purpose seeds, Jiangsu Province the Changjiang river two sides large stretch of can build economic forest.Kernel is edible, delicious
Oil expression is edible, and material is tough and tensile, is excellent military project material.Benevolence oil content is up to more than 70%.It is dry fruit tree important in the world
One of kind.Apocarya shuck is thin, nutritious, and health value is high, and quality is better than this hairyfruit violet herb.Benevolence is in addition to directly eating
Still squeeze table oil and make the raw material of ice cream etc..It is senior polishing material to plant shell powder, in American selling price very
It is high.Wood quality is excellent, can make furniture thick china etc..Apocarya enters the best fruiting period for 15 years or so, the best fruiting period up to 50~
70 years.
Apocarya method for culturing seedlings has seeding and seedling raising, graft seedling growth and cuttage and seedling culture, and hardwood cutting and seedling raising has selection
It is convenient, shorten the seedling cycle, can keep the merit of parent and bloom ahead of time, result the advantages of.But apocarya
Cuttage experimental study is less, for apocarya hardwood cutting and seedling raising matrix for root growth, survival rate, young sprout
Increment, the sugar content of fruit, the relation of protein content report also do not occur.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is there is provided a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, using special the problem of being directed to existing
Cuttage processing method, obtained apocarya root growth speed is fast, and survival rate is high, and shoot length is more, fruits nutrition
Value is high.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biennial seedling lignifying young sprout is selected as cuttage branch, long 13-15 centimetres of cuttings, cuttings lower end is cut into
2-3 centimetres of horse ear shape is grown into trimming, is put into quickly dipped 15-20 seconds in root-promoting hormone, repetition 2-3 times, the root-promoting hormone is by matter
It is 500-600mg/kg heteroauxin and 400-500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition to measure concentration, after being handled using root-promoting hormone
Cuttings is preserved 6-8 hours at 0-5 DEG C；
（2）According to the raw material proportioning seedling medium of following parts by weight：65-75 parts of peat, 50-60 parts of yellow soil, vermiculite 45-55
Part, 40-45 parts of perlite, 20-25 parts of silica, 15-20 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10-15 parts of humus, 5-10 parts of Chinese medicine liquid, raw material mixing
Seedling medium use quality concentration afterwards is 0.1-0.2% liquor potassic permanganate spray disinfectants, and consumption is 10-15 milliliter/cube
Rice, is covered 5-7 days after sterilization using film, and it is 70-80% to pour within 1-2 days before cuttage to water content；
（3）Cuttage can be carried out when substrate temperature is higher than 2-3 DEG C of environment temperature, cuttage depth is 8-10 centimetres, daytime temperature
When reaching more than 25 DEG C, covered using shade, make light transmission rate for 40-50%, after cutting survival, impose decomposed manure, often
Mu consumption is 300-350 kilograms, and irrigated using liquid Available N-P-K mixed fertilizer that usage amount is thousand grams/acre of 40-50, treats children
Seedling grows tall after 10-15 centimetres, carries out earthing, root surrounding substrate reinforces 2-3 centimetres, when seedling length is high to 50-60 centimetres
Mountain forest plantation can be transplanted.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）Middle cuttings retains 3-5 bud, 1-2 lis away from bud of otch top
Part in rice, immersion root-promoting hormone is cuttings lower end 7-8 centimeter lengths.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in Chinese medicine liquid in parts by weight by below into
Divide and be made：18-22 parts of ginkgo leaf, 15-17 parts of Chinese scholartree branch, 13-15 parts of mulberry leaf, 11-14 parts of honeysuckle, 8-10 parts of tealeaf residue, egg
6-9 parts of shell, 400-450 parts of water.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Otch Souteern Exposure in middle cuttage, one is smeared to the other end
Layer contains the agar that mass fraction is 0.1-0.2% starch.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：In order to solve existing thin skin hickory nut nursery speed slowly, gained
The problem of seedling early growth is in poor shape, the invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, comprises the following steps：（1）
Cuttage branch is selected, and it is handled, makes cuttage otch quick against callus is differentiated to form, one is entered under seedling medium
Step is divided into conducting tissue, forming layer and growing point, and root restriction is formed under preference temperature, finally sprouts and forms adventitious root；（2）
Prepare the decomposition that the relationship affect in the key that suitable seedling medium is cuttage and seedling culture, seedling medium between a composition nutrient
With release, the proportion relation of wherein peat and other compositions is very delicate, gets hold of optimum proportioning, it becomes possible to improve the life of seedling
Long speed and growth conditions, accelerate the formation of photosynthesis and organic matter；（3）Management after cuttage opportunity and cuttage also ten
Divide important, excessive nutrient is not used before cutting survival, is the inadaptability in order to avoid cuttings root for environment, so that
There is the high phenomenon of the death rate.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biennial seedling lignifying young sprout is selected as cuttage branch, long 13 centimetres cuttings, the trimming of cuttings lower end is cut into
2 centimetres of horse ear shape is grown into, is put into root-promoting hormone quickly dipped 15 seconds, is repeated 2 times, the root-promoting hormone is by mass concentration
500mg/kg heteroauxin and 400mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition, the cuttings after being handled using root-promoting hormone preserve 6 at 0 DEG C
Hour；
（2）According to the raw material proportioning seedling medium of following parts by weight：65 parts of peat, 50 parts of yellow soil, 45 parts of vermiculite, perlite 40
Part, 20 parts of silica, 15 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10 parts of humus, 5 parts of Chinese medicine liquid, the mixed seedling medium use quality concentration of raw material is
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate spray disinfectant, consumption is 10 millis liter/m, is covered 5 days using film after sterilization, 1 day before cuttage
It is 70% to pour to water content；
（3）Cuttage can be carried out when substrate temperature is higher than 2 DEG C of environment temperature, cuttage depth is 8 centimetres, and daytime temperature reaches 25
When more than DEG C, covered using shade, it is 40% to make light transmission rate, after cutting survival, imposes decomposed manure, every mu of consumption is
300 kilograms, and irrigated using liquid Available N-P-K mixed fertilizer, usage amount is 40,000 grams/acre, is grown tall after seedling after 10 centimetres,
Earthing is carried out, root surrounding substrate reinforces 2 centimetres, mountain forest plantation can be transplanted when seedling length is high to 50 centimetres.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）3 buds of middle cuttings reservation, 1 centimetre away from bud of otch top,
The part immersed in root-promoting hormone is the centimeter length of cuttings lower end 7.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in Chinese medicine liquid in parts by weight by below into
Divide and be made：18 parts of ginkgo leaf, 15 parts of Chinese scholartree branch, 13 parts of mulberry leaf, 11 parts of honeysuckle, 8 parts of tealeaf residue, 6 parts of egg shell, 400 parts of water.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Otch Souteern Exposure in middle cuttage, one is smeared to the other end
Layer contains the agar that mass fraction is 0.1% starch.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biennial seedling lignifying young sprout is selected as cuttage branch, long 14 centimetres cuttings, the trimming of cuttings lower end is cut into
2.5 centimetres of horse ear shape is grown into, is put into root-promoting hormone quickly dipped 17 seconds, is repeated 2 times, the root-promoting hormone is by mass concentration
550mg/kg heteroauxin and 450mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition, the cuttings after being handled using root-promoting hormone preserve 7 at 2 DEG C
Hour；
（2）According to the raw material proportioning seedling medium of following parts by weight：70 parts of peat, 55 parts of yellow soil, 50 parts of vermiculite, perlite 43
Part, 23 parts of silica, 17 parts of coconut palm chaff, 12 parts of humus, 7 parts of Chinese medicine liquid, the mixed seedling medium use quality concentration of raw material is
0.15% liquor potassic permanganate spray disinfectant, consumption is 12 millis liter/m, is covered 6 days using film after sterilization, 1 day before cuttage
It is 75% to pour to water content；
（3）Cuttage can be carried out when substrate temperature is higher than 2 DEG C of environment temperature, cuttage depth is 9 centimetres, and daytime temperature reaches 25
When more than DEG C, covered using shade, it is 45% to make light transmission rate, after cutting survival, imposes decomposed manure, every mu of consumption is
325 kilograms, and irrigated using liquid Available N-P-K mixed fertilizer, usage amount is 45,000 grams/acre, is grown tall after seedling after 12 centimetres,
Earthing is carried out, root surrounding substrate reinforces 2 centimetres, mountain forest plantation can be transplanted when seedling length is high to 55 centimetres.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）Middle cuttings retains 4 buds, 1.5 lis away from bud of otch top
Part in rice, immersion root-promoting hormone is the centimeter length of cuttings lower end 7.5.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in Chinese medicine liquid in parts by weight by below into
Divide and be made：20 parts of ginkgo leaf, 16 parts of Chinese scholartree branch, 14 parts of mulberry leaf, 12 parts of honeysuckle, 9 parts of tealeaf residue, 7 parts of egg shell, 420 parts of water.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Otch Souteern Exposure in middle cuttage, one is smeared to the other end
Layer contains the agar that mass fraction is 0.15% starch.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biennial seedling lignifying young sprout is selected as cuttage branch, long 15 centimetres cuttings, the trimming of cuttings lower end is cut into
3 centimetres of horse ear shape is grown into, is put into root-promoting hormone quickly dipped 20 seconds, is repeated 3 times, the root-promoting hormone is by mass concentration
600mg/kg heteroauxin and 500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition, the cuttings after being handled using root-promoting hormone preserve 8 at 5 DEG C
Hour；
（2）According to the raw material proportioning seedling medium of following parts by weight：75 parts of peat, 60 parts of yellow soil, 55 parts of vermiculite, perlite 45
Part, 25 parts of silica, 20 parts of coconut palm chaff, 15 parts of humus, 10 parts of Chinese medicine liquid, the mixed seedling medium use quality concentration of raw material is
0.2% liquor potassic permanganate spray disinfectant, consumption is 15 millis liter/m, is covered 7 days using film after sterilization, 2 days before cuttage
It is 80% to pour to water content；
（3）Cuttage can be carried out when substrate temperature is higher than 3 DEG C of environment temperature, cuttage depth is 10 centimetres, and daytime temperature reaches
At more than 25 DEG C, covered using shade, it is 50% to make light transmission rate, after cutting survival, imposes decomposed manure, every mu of consumption
For 350 kilograms, and irrigated using liquid Available N-P-K mixed fertilizer, usage amount is 50,000 grams/acre, treats that seedling grows tall 15 centimetres
Afterwards, earthing is carried out, root surrounding substrate reinforces 3 centimetres, mountain forest plantation can be transplanted when seedling length is high to 60 centimetres.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（1）5 buds of middle cuttings reservation, 2 centimetres away from bud of otch top,
The part immersed in root-promoting hormone is the centimeter length of cuttings lower end 8.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（2）Described in Chinese medicine liquid in parts by weight by below into
Divide and be made：22 parts of ginkgo leaf, 17 parts of Chinese scholartree branch, 15 parts of mulberry leaf, 14 parts of honeysuckle, 10 parts of tealeaf residue, 9 parts of egg shell, 450 parts of water.
It is used as further improvement of these options, step（3）Otch Souteern Exposure in middle cuttage, one is smeared to the other end
Layer contains the agar that mass fraction is 0.2% starch.
Comparative example 1
With differing only in for embodiment 1, according to common method choice cutting, and using conventional method processing cutting, save
Slightly cuttings preserves the process of 6 hours at 0 DEG C, and remaining step is consistent.
Comparative example 2
With differing only in for embodiment 2, the parts by weight of peat in seedling medium are reduced to 50 parts, remaining step keeps one
Cause.
Comparative example 3
With differing only in for embodiment 2, the parts by weight of peat in seedling medium are risen to 100 parts, remaining step keeps one
Cause.
Comparative example 4
With differing only in for embodiment 3, decomposed manure and N P and K quick-acting fertilizer are applied before cuttage and arrive seedling medium
In, remaining step is consistent.
Contrast test
Respectively using embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3 method carry out seedling growth test, and using existing cuttage and seedling culture method as
Control group, every group of cuttage quantity is 200, and nursery situation is recorded into as shown in the table：
| Project | Survival rate（%） | Leaf soluble（%） | Leaf soluble protein content content（%） | Cross growth speed is improved（%） | Longitudinal growth speed is improved（%） |
| Embodiment 1 | 99.0 | 32.2 | 29.5 | 17 | 23 |
| Embodiment 2 | 99.5 | 32.5 | 29.8 | 19 | 25 |
| Embodiment 3 | 99.0 | 32.3 | 29.6 | 18 | 24 |
| Comparative example 1 | 90.0 | 28.5 | 26.8 | 8 | 12 |
| Comparative example 2 | 92.5 | 26.3 | 24.7 | 9 | 14 |
| Comparative example 3 | 91.0 | 26.4 | 24.6 | 10 | 16 |
| Comparative example 4 | 87.5 | 29.5 | 27.2 | 12 | 17 |
| Control group | 75 | 25.8 | 24.1 | Control | Control |
It is can be found that by comparing：Using special cuttage processing method, obtained apocarya root growth speed is fast, into
Motility rate is high, and shoot length is more, leaf nutrient foot, and the fruits nutrition value that further growth development is obtained is high.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Biennial seedling lignifying young sprout is selected as cuttage branch, long 13-15 centimetres of cuttings, cuttings lower end is cut into
2-3 centimetres of horse ear shape is grown into trimming, is put into quickly dipped 15-20 seconds in root-promoting hormone, repetition 2-3 times, the root-promoting hormone is by matter
It is 500-600mg/kg heteroauxin and 400-500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate composition to measure concentration, after being handled using root-promoting hormone
Cuttings is preserved 6-8 hours at 0-5 DEG C；
（2）According to the raw material proportioning seedling medium of following parts by weight：65-75 parts of peat, 50-60 parts of yellow soil, vermiculite 45-55
Part, 40-45 parts of perlite, 20-25 parts of silica, 15-20 parts of coconut palm chaff, 10-15 parts of humus, 5-10 parts of Chinese medicine liquid, raw material mixing
Seedling medium use quality concentration afterwards is 0.1-0.2% liquor potassic permanganate spray disinfectants, and consumption is 10-15 milliliter/cube
Rice, is covered 5-7 days after sterilization using film, and it is 70-80% to pour within 1-2 days before cuttage to water content；
（3）Cuttage can be carried out when substrate temperature is higher than 2-3 DEG C of environment temperature, cuttage depth is 8-10 centimetres, daytime temperature
When reaching more than 25 DEG C, covered using shade, make light transmission rate for 40-50%, after cutting survival, impose decomposed manure, often
Mu consumption is 300-350 kilograms, and irrigated using liquid Available N-P-K mixed fertilizer that usage amount is thousand grams/acre of 40-50, treats children
Seedling grows tall after 10-15 centimetres, carries out earthing, root surrounding substrate reinforces 2-3 centimetres, when seedling length is high to 50-60 centimetres
Mountain forest plantation can be transplanted.
2. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Middle cuttings retains 3-5
Part in individual bud, 1-2 centimetres away from bud of otch top, immersion root-promoting hormone is cuttings lower end 7-8 centimeter lengths.
3. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described in Chinese medicine
Liquid is made up of following component in parts by weight：18-22 parts of ginkgo leaf, 15-17 parts of Chinese scholartree branch, 13-15 parts of mulberry leaf, honeysuckle 11-
14 parts, 8-10 parts of tealeaf residue, 6-9 parts of egg shell, 400-450 parts of water.
4. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Otch in middle cuttage
Souteern Exposure, one layer is smeared containing the agar that mass fraction is 0.1-0.2% starch to the other end.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108112444A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-06-05 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | It is a kind of suitable for Nutrition Soil of apocarya basin alms bowl nursery and preparation method thereof |
| CN108934929A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-12-07 | 马鞍山市绿营林业有限公司 | A kind of high-survival rate hickory nut field planting preparation method of matrix |
| CN108966879A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-11 | 兴义市天瑞核桃种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of method of hickory nut cuttage and seedling culture |
| CN109220282A (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method |
| CN110810202A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏澳洋生态园林股份有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate suitable for apocarya |
| CN115349393A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-18 | 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 | Walnut seedling bud grafting breeding comprehensive matching technical method |
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| CN110810202A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏澳洋生态园林股份有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate suitable for apocarya |
| CN115349393A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-18 | 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 | Walnut seedling bud grafting breeding comprehensive matching technical method |
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