CN107155795A - A kind of implantation methods of Zante currant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of seedless grapes, which comprises the following main steps: (1) soil preparation and frame preparation (2) planting of seedlings (3) management of seedlings (4) management of fruit setting period, using gibberellin and or As a fruit bulking agent, pyroxuron is sprayed at the best time for flowering, and the inflorescence is soaked with gibberellin at a concentration of 5-10 mg/L, which can effectively increase the fruit size and seedless rate of grapes; And the grapes are equipped with two-color plastic film after fruit setting, which not only has strong wind and rain resistance, but also has good light transmission, can eliminate insects and diseases, especially for aphids and white planthoppers and other pests, improve the intensity of photosynthesis of grapes, keep moisture, and accelerate the growth of grapes , to achieve the purpose of increasing production and income. After the grapes mature, the pesticide residues are low, the fruit is rich in nutrition, delicious in color, good in taste, better in color, and more abundant in sugar.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of seedless grape

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of grape planting, in particular to a method for planting seedless grapes.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of grape planting benefits, more and more fruit growers are planting grapes. Grapes are a common fruit. Now there are many kinds of grapes with different fruit sizes. How to increase the fruit of grapes, and reach the seedless fruit, and ensure the output of the product has always been a problem that farmers are looking forward to solving.

Aiming at the technical problems existing in the existing planting technology and the planting problems involved in planting seedless grapes, the present invention researches and improves a planting method of seedless grapes, which can not only realize huge fruits, but also have seedless (seedless) grapes. ) rate of more than 98%. At the same time, the grape fruit grown by this method has a sweet and refreshing taste, and the weight of a single particle can reach 15-20 grams.

Contents of the invention

In order to achieve the technical effect described in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a method for planting seedless grapes, which fully uses gibberellin and or pyridoxuron as fruit bulking agents, and sprays them at the best time for flowering. , and the inflorescence soaked with gibberellin at a concentration of 5-10 mg/L can effectively increase the fruit size and seedless rate of grapes.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

(1) Soil preparation: Three months before transplanting the cultivated grape seedlings, it is necessary to loosen the soil on the land to be planted with grapes. During the loosening process, the relatively hardened land shall be mixed with sand. The depth of loosening is 40cm-50cm, per mu Water 500kg-800kg of humus, 200kg-400kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 100kg-200kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 300kg-400kg of potassium fertilizer. After mixing evenly, form a seedbed with a width of 100cm and a height of 50cm. Water continuously until it is fully watered, and build grape climbing vines at the same time The height of the rattan frame from the ground is 1.5 to 2.0 meters;

(2) Seedling planting: Plant the seedlings on the prepared soil seedbed, the distance between the plants is controlled at 3 to 4 meters, after planting, pour enough water to fix the roots, cover the depth of the soil to the outside of the long roots, and there are 3 to 4 bud eyes in the aboveground part;

(3) Seedling management:

1) Supplement base fertilizer after planting, apply 60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 20-40 kg of organic nutrient compound fertilizer, the base fertilizer applied should be mixed with soil, and then covered with soil;

2) When the bud eyes start to swell, open a shallow ditch with a depth of 35cm to 40cm and a width of 35cm near the root of the plant, and bury the fertilizer mixture in the ditch, water and cover with soil after application;

3) During the planting period, clean up the auxiliary shoots in time, remove the overgrown and underdeveloped branches as soon as possible, and leave strong branches, spray the fruit expansion agent 5 days after the flower blooms and 10 days after the flower bloom; grow 4 to 8 years above the inflorescence. Prune the leaves when they are single. After topping, leave 3 to 4 leaves on the top subshoots for repeated topping, and leave 1 leaf on the other subshoots. After the inflorescences appear, start to thin the ears, keep 1 to 2 ears on the extended tendrils, and the fruiting branches are uniform. Keep a single ear, and leave no ear on weak branches, and soak the inflorescence with an inflorescence elongating agent;

(4) Fruit setting period management

1) In the early stage of young fruit growth, apply organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and spray 0.2% boric acid and 0.3% urea mixture once during this period to supplement nutrition;

2) When the fruit is the size of a mung bean, apply 8-10kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu; after the grapes set fruit, put on a hollow two-color mulch cover;

3) At the initial stage of fruit coloring, apply 1-2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 2-3 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu;

4) When the fruit is ripe and picked, remove the paper bag.

Further, the fruit expanding agent in the step (3) is gibberellin and or pirizopron.

Further, the inflorescence elongating agent is gibberellin at a concentration of 5-10 mg/L.

During the grape planting process, the fruit expansion agent is applied, which can increase the size of the grape fruit, indirectly increasing the yield per unit area. Long, the use of gibberellin can form seedless fruit, not only allows consumers to experience the taste of seedless, but also larger fruit.

Further, the two-color mulch cover in step (4) includes a film body dissolved in dieuropium trioxide light converting agent, and the film body is formed by heat fusion of double-layer films, one of which adopts silver-gray and white stripes, The other layer of film is all black; by installing a two-color plastic film after the grapes set fruit, the two-color plastic film can not only prevent rainwater from soaking into the surface of the grapes, but also has strong wind and rain resistance, good light transmission, and can eliminate insects and diseases, especially for aphids and white planthoppers and other pests, improve the photosynthesis intensity of grapes, keep warm, keep moisture, accelerate grape growth, increase production and increase income, and the pesticide residues in the grapes are low after ripening, the fruit is rich in nutrition, delicious color, good taste, color Better and more sugary.

detailed description

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

A planting method of seedless grapes:

(1) Soil preparation: Three months before transplanting the cultivated grape seedlings, it is necessary to loosen the soil on the land to be planted with grapes. During the loosening process, the relatively hardened land shall be mixed with sand. The depth of loosening is 40cm-50cm, per mu Water 500kg-800kg of humus, 200kg-400kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 100kg-200kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 300kg-400kg of potassium fertilizer. After mixing evenly, form a seedbed with a width of 100cm and a height of 50cm. Water continuously until it is fully watered, and build grape climbing vines at the same time The height of the rattan frame from the ground is 1.5 to 2.0 meters;

(2) Seedling planting: Plant the seedlings on the prepared soil seedbed, the distance between the plants is controlled at 3 to 4 meters, after planting, pour enough water to fix the roots, cover the depth of the soil to the outside of the long roots, and there are 3 to 4 bud eyes in the aboveground part;

(3) Seedling management:

1) Supplement base fertilizer after planting, apply 60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 20-40 kg of organic nutrient compound fertilizer, the base fertilizer applied should be mixed with soil, and then covered with soil;

2) When the bud eyes start to swell, open a shallow ditch with a depth of 35cm to 40cm and a width of 35cm near the root of the plant, and bury the fertilizer mixture in the ditch, water and cover with soil after application;

3) During the planting period, clean the auxiliary shoots in time, remove the overgrown and underdeveloped branches as soon as possible, and leave strong branches. Spray the fruit expansion agent 5 days after the flower blooms and 10 days after the flower bloom; the fruit expansion agent is gibberellin, When 4-8 leaves grow above the inflorescence, pinch the heart. After pinching, leave 3-4 leaves for the top auxiliary shoots to repeatedly pinch, and leave 1 leaf for the other auxiliary shoots. After the inflorescence appears, thin the ears and extend the vines 1 to 2 spikes, and the fruiting branches were all kept as a single spike, and the weak branches were not left with spikes, and the inflorescences were soaked with an inflorescence elongation agent; the inflorescence elongation agent was gibberellin at a concentration of 5 mg/L. Fruit swelling agent can increase the size of the grape fruit, indirectly increasing the yield per unit area. At the same time, the inflorescence elongating agent is applied before and during the flowering period to elongate the grape inflorescence. Gibberellin is used to It can form seedless fruit, which not only allows consumers to experience the taste of seedless, but also has larger fruit size

(4) Fruit setting period management

1) In the early stage of young fruit growth, apply organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and spray 0.2% boric acid and 0.3% urea mixture once during this period to supplement nutrition;

2) When the fruit is the size of a mung bean, apply 8-10kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu; after the grapes set fruit, put on a hollow two-color mulch cover;

3) At the initial stage of fruit coloring, apply 1-2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 2-3 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu;

4) When the fruit is ripe and picked, remove the paper bag;

The two-color mulch cover includes a film body dissolved in dieuropium trioxide light conversion agent, and the film body is formed by thermal fusion of double-layer films, one of which is silver-gray and white stripes, and the other is all black; through After the grapes are set, a two-color mulch film is installed. The two-color mulch film can not only prevent rainwater from soaking into the surface of the grapes, but also has strong wind and rain resistance, good light transmission, and can eliminate insects and diseases, especially for pests such as aphids and white planthoppers. The intensity of photosynthesis, heat preservation, moisturizing, accelerate the growth of grapes, to achieve the purpose of increasing production and income, and the grapes are ripe with low pesticide residues, rich fruit nutrition, delicious color, good taste, better color, and more sugar.

Example 2

A planting method of seedless grapes:

(1) Soil preparation: Three months before transplanting the cultivated grape seedlings, it is necessary to loosen the soil on the land to be planted with grapes. During the loosening process, the relatively hardened land shall be mixed with sand. The depth of loosening is 40cm-50cm, per mu Water 500kg-800kg of humus, 200kg-400kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 100kg-200kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 300kg-400kg of potassium fertilizer. After mixing evenly, form a seedbed with a width of 100cm and a height of 50cm. Water continuously until it is fully watered, and build grape climbing vines at the same time The height of the rattan frame from the ground is 1.5 to 2.0 meters;

(2) Seedling planting: Plant the seedlings on the prepared soil seedbed, the distance between the plants is controlled at 3 to 4 meters, after planting, pour enough water to fix the roots, cover the depth of the soil to the outside of the long roots, and there are 3 to 4 bud eyes in the aboveground part;

(3) Seedling management:

1) Supplement base fertilizer after planting, apply 60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 20-40 kg of organic nutrient compound fertilizer, the base fertilizer applied should be mixed with soil, and then covered with soil;

2) When the bud eyes start to swell, open a shallow ditch with a depth of 35cm to 40cm and a width of 35cm near the root of the plant, and bury the fertilizer mixture in the ditch, water and cover with soil after application;

3) Clean up the auxiliary shoots in time during the planting period, remove the overgrown and underdeveloped branches as soon as possible, leave strong branches, and spray the fruit expansion agent 5 days after the flower blooms and 10 days after the flower bloom; the fruit expansion agent is gibberellin and For the mixture of pyroxuron, pinch the heart when 4 to 8 leaves grow above the inflorescence. After pinching, leave 3 to 4 leaves on the top auxiliary shoots for repeated pinching, and leave 1 leaf on the other auxiliary shoots. After the inflorescence appears, Start to thin the ears, keep 1-2 ears on the extended tendrils, keep single ears on the fruiting branches, and leave no ears on weak branches, and soak the inflorescences with the inflorescence elongation agent; the inflorescence elongation agent is gibberellin, the concentration is 10 mg/L , during the grape planting process, a fruit expanding agent is applied, which can increase the size of the grape fruit and indirectly increase the yield per unit area. Elongated, the use of gibberellin can form seedless fruit, which not only allows consumers to experience the taste of seedless, but also has larger fruit size

(4) Fruit setting period management

1) In the early stage of young fruit growth, apply organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and spray 0.2% boric acid and 0.3% urea mixture once during this period to supplement nutrition;

2) When the fruit is the size of a mung bean, apply 8-10kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu; after the grapes set fruit, put on a hollow two-color mulch cover;

3) At the initial stage of fruit coloring, apply 1-2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 2-3 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu;

4) When the fruit is ripe and picked, remove the paper bag;

The two-color mulch cover includes a film body dissolved in dieuropium trioxide light conversion agent, and the film body is formed by thermal fusion of double-layer films, one of which is silver-gray and white stripes, and the other is all black; through After the grapes are set, a two-color mulch film is installed. The two-color mulch film can not only prevent rainwater from soaking into the surface of the grapes, but also has strong wind and rain resistance, good light transmission, and can eliminate insects and diseases, especially for pests such as aphids and white planthoppers. The intensity of photosynthesis, heat preservation, moisturizing, accelerate the growth of grapes, to achieve the purpose of increasing production and income, and the grapes are ripe with low pesticide residues, rich fruit nutrition, delicious color, good taste, better color, and more sugar.

Example 3

A planting method of seedless grapes:

(1) Soil preparation: Three months before transplanting the cultivated grape seedlings, it is necessary to loosen the soil on the land to be planted with grapes. During the loosening process, the relatively hardened land shall be mixed with sand. The depth of loosening is 40cm-50cm, per mu Water 500kg-800kg of humus, 200kg-400kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 100kg-200kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 300kg-400kg of potassium fertilizer. After mixing evenly, form a seedbed with a width of 100cm and a height of 50cm. Water continuously until it is fully watered, and build grape climbing vines at the same time The height of the rattan frame from the ground is 1.5 to 2.0 meters;

(2) Seedling planting: Plant the seedlings on the prepared soil seedbed, the distance between the plants is controlled at 3 to 4 meters, after planting, pour enough water to fix the roots, cover the depth of the soil to the outside of the long roots, and there are 3 to 4 bud eyes in the aboveground part;

(3) Seedling management:

1) Supplement base fertilizer after planting, apply 60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 20-40 kg of organic nutrient compound fertilizer, the base fertilizer applied should be mixed with soil, and then covered with soil;

2) When the bud eyes start to swell, open a shallow ditch with a depth of 35cm to 40cm and a width of 35cm near the root of the plant, and bury the fertilizer mixture in the ditch, water and cover with soil after application;

3) Clean up the auxiliary shoots in time during the planting period, remove the overgrown and underdeveloped branches as soon as possible, leave strong branches, and spray the fruit expansion agent 5 days after the flower blooms and 10 days after the flower bloom; the fruit expansion agent is gibberellin and For the mixture of pyroxuron, pinch the heart when 4 to 8 leaves grow above the inflorescence. After pinching, leave 3 to 4 leaves on the top auxiliary shoots for repeated pinching, and leave 1 leaf on the other auxiliary shoots. After the inflorescence appears, Start to thin the ears, keep 1-2 ears on the extended tendrils, keep single ears on the fruiting branches, and leave no ears on weak branches, and soak the inflorescences with the inflorescence elongation agent; the inflorescence elongation agent is gibberellin, the concentration is 7 mg/L , during the grape planting process, a fruit expanding agent is applied, which can increase the size of the grape fruit and indirectly increase the yield per unit area. Elongated, the use of gibberellin can form seedless fruit, which not only allows consumers to experience the taste of seedless, but also has larger fruit size

(4) Fruit setting period management

1) In the early stage of young fruit growth, apply organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and spray 0.2% boric acid and 0.3% urea mixture once during this period to supplement nutrition;

2) When the fruit is the size of a mung bean, apply 8-10kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu; after the grapes set fruit, put on a hollow two-color mulch cover;

3) At the initial stage of fruit coloring, apply 1-2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 2-3 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu;

4) When the fruit is ripe and picked, remove the paper bag;

The two-color mulch cover includes a film body dissolved in dieuropium trioxide light conversion agent, and the film body is formed by thermal fusion of double-layer films, one of which is silver-gray and white stripes, and the other is all black; through After the grapes are set, a two-color mulch film is installed. The two-color mulch film can not only prevent rainwater from soaking into the surface of the grapes, but also has strong wind and rain resistance, good light transmission, and can eliminate insects and diseases, especially for pests such as aphids and white planthoppers. The intensity of photosynthesis, heat preservation, moisturizing, accelerate the growth of grapes, to achieve the purpose of increasing production and income, and the grapes are ripe with low pesticide residues, rich fruit nutrition, delicious color, good taste, better color, and more sugar.

Claims (4)

1. a planting method of seedless grapes, characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) Soil preparation: Three months before transplanting the cultivated grape seedlings, it is necessary to loosen the soil on the land to be planted with grapes. During the loosening process, the relatively hardened land shall be mixed with sand. The depth of loosening is 40cm-50cm, per mu Water 500kg-800kg of humus, 200kg-400kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 100kg-200kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 300kg-400kg of potassium fertilizer. After mixing evenly, form a seedbed with a width of 100cm and a height of 50cm. Water continuously until it is fully watered, and build grape climbing vines at the same time The height of the rattan frame from the ground is 1.5 to 2.0 meters; (2) Seedling planting: Plant the seedlings on the prepared soil seedbed, the distance between the plants is controlled at 3 to 4 meters, after planting, pour enough water to fix the roots, cover the depth of the soil to the outside of the long roots, and there are 3 to 4 bud eyes in the aboveground part; (3) Seedling management: 1) Supplement base fertilizer after planting, apply 60 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 20-40 kg of organic nutrient compound fertilizer, the base fertilizer applied should be mixed with soil, and then covered with soil; 2) When the bud eyes start to swell, open a shallow ditch with a depth of 35cm to 40cm and a width of 35cm near the root of the plant, and bury the fertilizer mixture in the ditch, water and cover with soil after application; 3) During the planting period, clean up the auxiliary shoots in time, remove the overgrown and underdeveloped branches as soon as possible, and leave strong branches, spray the fruit expansion agent 5 days after the flower blooms and 10 days after the flower bloom; grow 4 to 8 years above the inflorescence. Prune the leaves when they are single. After topping, leave 3 to 4 leaves on the top subshoots for repeated topping, and leave 1 leaf on the other subshoots. After the inflorescences appear, start to thin the ears, keep 1 to 2 ears on the extended tendrils, and the fruiting branches are uniform. Keep a single ear, and leave no ear on weak branches, and soak the inflorescence with an inflorescence elongating agent; (4) Fruit setting period management 1) In the early stage of young fruit growth, apply organic fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and spray 0.2% boric acid and 0.3% urea mixture once during this period to supplement nutrition; 2) When the fruit is the size of a mung bean, apply 8-10kg of nitrogen fertilizer per mu; after the grapes set fruit, put on a hollow two-color mulch cover; 3) At the initial stage of fruit coloring, apply 1-2 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and 2-3 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer per mu; 4) When the fruit is ripe and picked, remove the paper bag. 2. The planting method of seedless grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that the fruit bulking agent in the step (3) is gibberellin and or pirizopron. 3 . The method for planting seedless grapes according to claim 1 , wherein the inflorescence elongating agent is gibberellin at a concentration of 5-10 mg/L. 4. A planting method for seedless grapes according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-color mulch cover in step (4) includes a film body dissolved in europium trioxide light conversion agent, and the film body is composed of Formed by thermal fusion of two layers of film, one of which is silver gray with white stripes and the other is all black.