CN104160902A - Shiranuhi hybrid citrus out-of-season cultivation method - Google Patents
Shiranuhi hybrid citrus out-of-season cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shiranuhihybrid citrus out-of-season cultivation method. According to the method, the flower non-fixing characteristic of shiranuhi is utilized, through deep ploughing, soil improving, organic fertilizer increasing and applying, sward covering and other soil treatment, different kinds of fertilizer are applied at different seasons, irrigation is carried out at different seasons, leaf fertilizer is sprayed at different seasons, pruning is carried out at different seasons, fruit retention and other procedures are carried out, one shiranuhi tree can bloom and bear fruits three times one year, that is, the tree blooms in March and April, the fruits are mature in winter, the tree blooms in summer and autumn, the fruits are mature in May of next year, the tree blooms in autumn, and the fruits are mature in August of next year. A single out-of-season fruit is heavy, quality is improved, and due to the out-of-season particularity, almost no fresh orange fruit exists on the market in the mature period, then the competitive power is increased, and the good economic benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology of a kind of assorted mandarin orange, especially do not know the assorted mandarin orange off-season cultivation method of fire.
Background technology
Do not know that the assorted mandarin orange of fire has another name called and do not know fire, protruding top mandarin orange, ugly mandarin orange, ugly tangerine, very ugly person, be by Japanese the agriculture ministry's gardening test site in 1972 with see clearly with in wild No. 3 fork mandarin orange cross breedings, early than within 2000, introducing the plantation of Pujiang County, Sichuan Province.Do not know that the assorted mandarin orange treelet tree performance of fire is more upright, open a business after entering fruiting period.The close life of branch is thin and short.Thorn fades away with the growth of the age of tree.Leaf is smaller, similar to ponkan.Leaf is thick, and winged petiole is larger.Tree body cold resistance.Resistance to canker and shot hole.Parthenocarpy is strong.Seedless fruit rate is high.Mean fruit weight 200-280g is the large fruit shape in wide skin citrus.Fruit shape obovate or oblate spheroid, fruit shape index 1.00-1.20.Fruit shape and fruit size are not whole, there is the short neck of projection in carpopodium portion, also have complete in short neck, pericarp yellowish orange, start painted mid-October, early December is completely painted.The thick 3.5-5mm of pericarp.Mellow fruit pericarp is slightly thick, and easily peeling, has ponkan fragrance, without outer skin.Pulp is orange, meat soft and succulency, and cyst wall is as thin as a wafer and soft.Fruit juice pol 13-14 degree, the maturing stage is 2-March of next year.Under good growing weather condition, kind itself has the characteristic of indefinite flower, except green sprouting young sprout is bloomed, and the possibility that summer shoot, autumn growth have to spend, but the amount of spending is few under field conditions (factors).
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of assorted mandarin orange off-season cultivation method of fire of not knowing, the characteristic of the assorted indefinite flower of mandarin orange of fire is not known in utilization, realization does not know that the assorted mandarin orange one tree of fire can open three fruits of three bow structures for 1 year, 3, the maturation in winter of blooming April, bloom summer and autumn ripe in May next year, and fall flowering is ripe August next year.
The technical scheme that the technology of the present invention adopts is: do not know that the assorted mandarin orange off-season cultivation method of fire comprises the following steps:
1, soil treatment:
(1), after treelet field planting, according to tree crown growth size, outside planting pit, expand grooving once year by year, the degree of depth 50-60cm every year, each every offal and other raw fiber of inserting animal wastes, cultivated mushroom, after mixed culture fermentation, add 15 kilograms of the biological organic fertilizers that hay bacillus forms, rear earthing;
(2) sward covering is carried out in orchard, and the optimum weeds of selecting annual shallow grass to be comprise Ageratum conyzoides, knotweed grass, sandwort; The overlay tree dish of mowing for 7-August, only reserved small part weed growth, expands gradually and forms orchard advantage grass seeds;
2, fertilising: the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes winter, 35-40 kgs/year of the every strains of bearing tree, and coordinate various trace elements to use according to soil condition and fruit tree nutritional deficiency situation, and when still can not meeting, uses by fertilizer appropriate chemical fertilizer, and fertilizer be take composite fertilizer, urea and potassium sulphate fertilizer as main; Owing to not knowing that fiery anti-season fruit bloomed in the 6-9 month, late May and late July will respectively be executed chemical fertilizer one time, are beneficial to Xia Qiuhua and sprout and improve flower matter, and 0.6 kilogram of the every strain of bearing tree amount of application is each, and chemical fertilizer be take the low nitrogen of the high potassium of high phosphorus as main;
3, irrigate: irrigation can make to set liquid flow in body, by promoting per season tip to sprout, reach the effect that strengthens tree body, irrigate in addition summer autumn growth and flower are had to certain facilitation, promote the spring tip better to grow, for summer autumn growth is laid a solid foundation.Before rudiment in spring, irrigate twice, its interval is about 10 days; In summer shoot, the previous moon of autumn growth, first spreading, manufactures drought condition, promotes flower bud differentiation, before waiting to germinate, is irrigating twice, and its interval, about 10 days, promotes summer autumn growth sprouting, and then promotes Xia Qiuhua;
4, leaf surface treatment: spray foliage fertilizer twice before the spring tip is aging, when bud is grown 5 centimetres, spray once, is opened up leaf or top completely from cutting front spray once, promotes that the spring tip is aging, and promotes the tip flower bud differentiation of lower season; Summer autumn growth sprays twice of foliage fertilizer before sprouting again;
5, prune: pruning is the key operation of not knowing that fiery anti-season is produced.Trimming method is heavy with winter, and the autumn in summer is light, takes brachycephalic layer-stepping method to prune.
(1) winter pruning: interior thorax is opened, suitably forces down height of tree degree, and the height of general tree is 2 meters of-2.5 meters of left and right, and descending branch is removed, and overlapping branch, the branch that intersects are removed, summer autumn growth and strongr branch is short cuts;
(2) summer pruning: the spring tip of erasing more, stay short the cutting of single Zhi Qiangzhuan tip, retain strongr branch, nutrient is concentrated, be conducive to the lower season tip and spend;
6, fruit retention: when the summer, autumn growth was spent, temperature is high, when summer shoot is spent, rainwater is many, and fruit retention difficulty is large.For fruit retention, when existing bud, spray fruit retention, must coordinate desinsection and prevent and treat anthracnose medicine together, in order to avoid insect pest and anthracnose shedding.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, by this implantation methods, can realize and not know that the assorted mandarin orange one tree of fire can open three fruits of three bow structures for 1 year, 3, April the maturation in winter of blooming, bloom summer and autumn ripe in May next year, fall flowering is ripe August next year.And anti-season fruit single fruit is great, has improved quality, more, due to the particularity of anti-season, on maturing stage market, almost there is no fresh citrus fruit, and then strengthened competitiveness, obtain good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
1, soil treatment:
(1), after treelet field planting, according to tree crown growth size, outside planting pit, expand grooving once year by year, the degree of depth 50-60cm every year, insert offal and other raw fiber by animal wastes, cultivated mushroom at every turn, after mixed culture fermentation, add 15 kilograms of the biological organic fertilizers that hay bacillus forms, rear earthing;
(2) sward covering is carried out in orchard, and the optimum weeds of selecting annual shallow grass to be comprise Ageratum conyzoides, knotweed grass, sandwort; The overlay tree dish of mowing for 7-August, only reserved small part weed growth, expands gradually and forms orchard advantage grass seeds;
2, fertilising: the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes winter, 35-40 kgs/year of the every strains of bearing tree, and coordinate various trace elements to use according to soil condition and fruit tree nutritional deficiency situation, and when still can not meeting, uses by fertilizer appropriate chemical fertilizer, and fertilizer be take composite fertilizer, urea and potassium sulphate fertilizer as main; Owing to not knowing that fiery anti-season fruit bloomed in the 6-9 month, late May and late July will respectively be executed chemical fertilizer one time, are beneficial to Xia Qiuhua and sprout and improve flower matter, and 0.6 kilogram of the every strain of bearing tree amount of application is each, and chemical fertilizer be take the low nitrogen of the high potassium of high phosphorus as main;
3, irrigate: irrigation can make to set liquid flow in body, by promoting per season tip to sprout, reach the effect that strengthens tree body, irrigate in addition summer autumn growth and flower are had to certain facilitation, promote the spring tip better to grow, for summer autumn growth is laid a solid foundation.Before rudiment in spring, irrigate twice, every minor tick is about ten days; In summer shoot, the previous moon of autumn growth, first spreading, manufactures drought condition, promotes flower bud differentiation, before waiting to germinate, is irrigating twice, promotes summer autumn growth sprouting, and then promotes Xia Qiuhua;
4, leaf surface treatment: spray foliage fertilizer twice before the spring tip is aging, the long five centimetres of sprays of bud once, are opened up leaf or top completely from cutting front spray once, promote that the spring tip is aging, and promote the tip flower bud differentiation of lower season; Summer autumn growth sprays twice of foliage fertilizer before sprouting again;
5, prune: pruning is the key operation of not knowing that fiery anti-season is produced.Trimming method is heavy with winter, and the autumn in summer is light, takes brachycephalic layer-stepping method to prune.
(1) winter pruning: interior thorax is opened, suitably forces down height of tree degree, and the height of general tree is 2 meters of-2.5 meters of left and right, and descending branch is removed, and overlapping branch, the branch that intersects are removed, summer autumn growth and strongr branch is short cuts;
(2) summer pruning: the spring tip of erasing more, stay short the cutting of single Zhi Qiangzhuan tip, retain strongr branch, nutrient is concentrated, be conducive to the lower season tip and spend;
6, fruit retention: when the summer, autumn growth was spent, temperature is high, when summer shoot is spent, rainwater is many, and fruit retention difficulty is large.For fruit retention, when existing bud, spray fruit retention, must coordinate desinsection and prevent and treat anthracnose medicine together, in order to avoid insect pest and anthracnose shedding.
Adopt general planting method, do not know that the assorted mandarin orange of fire yields positive results spring, gather in the crops winter, and within 7 years, age of tree single plant yield is 50 kilograms of left and right.Adopt this cultivation method in the Anyuan County of Ganzhou, the ground such as Xinfeng County and Sichuan Province's plantation do not know the assorted mandarin orange of fire, within 7 years, age of tree gross annual output amount individual plant can reach 110 kilograms of left and right.Output is configured to: the winter crop of blooming spring is at 50 kilograms, summer-flowering, and Second Year is ripe April, 30 kilograms of output, fall flowering, Second Year is ripe August, 30 kilograms of output.And the fruit quality better of yielding positive results summer and autumn, more than its pol can reach 16 degree, changes slag good, fruit aromatic flavour.
Claims (2)
1. do not know the assorted mandarin orange off-season cultivation method of fire, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) soil treatment:
After a, treelet field planting, expand grooving once year by year every year according to tree crown growth size outside planting pit, the degree of depth 50-60cm inserts 15 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers, rear earthing at every turn;
Sward covering is carried out in b, orchard, and the optimum weeds of selecting annual shallow grass to be comprise Ageratum conyzoides, knotweed grass, sandwort; The overlay tree dish of mowing for 7-August, only reserved small part weed growth;
(2) fertilising: the fertilizer of spreading manuer in holes winter, 35-40 kgs/year of the every strains of bearing tree, and be aided with trace element and chemical fertilizer according to soil condition and fruit tree nutritional deficiency situation, chemical fertilizer is at least one in composite fertilizer, urea and potassium sulphate fertilizer; Late May and late July are respectively executed chemical fertilizer one time, and 0.6 kilogram of the every strain of bearing tree amount of application is each, and chemical fertilizer be take the low nitrogen of the high potassium of high phosphorus as main;
(3) irrigate: before rudiment in spring, irrigate twice, its interval is about 10 days; In summer shoot, the previous moon of autumn growth, first spreading, is irrigating twice before waiting to germinate;
(4) leaf surface treatment: spray foliage fertilizer twice before the spring tip is aging and before summer autumn growth sprouting, the long five centimetres of sprays of bud once, are opened up leaf or top completely from cutting front spray once;
(5) prune: take brachycephalic layer-stepping trimming method,
A, winter pruning: interior thorax is opened, suitably force down height of tree degree, and the height of general tree is 2 meters of-2.5 meters of left and right, and descending branch is removed, and overlapping branch, the branch that intersects are removed, summer autumn growth and strongr branch is short cuts;
B, summer pruning: the spring tip of erasing more, stays short the cutting of single Zhi Qiangzhuan tip;
(6) fruit retention: when the summer, autumn growth was spent, spray fruit retention when existing bud, and coordinate desinsection and prevent and treat anthracnose medicine and spray together.
2. according to claim 1ly do not know the assorted mandarin orange off-season cultivation method of fire, it is characterized in that: biological organic fertilizer is offal and other raw fiber of animal wastes, cultivated mushroom, after mixed culture fermentation, adds hay bacillus to form.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123024A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-09 | 何文芬 | Fertilizing method of top grafting hybrid citrus of citrus unshiu |
| CN106034897A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 陆川县银湖橘红种植专业合作社 | Plantation method of red tangerine peel |
| CN107125081A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-05 | 丹棱县科学技术局 | A kind of cultural method for not knowing fire |
| CN107371954A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of tribute mandarin orange orchard science weeding |
| CN107494110A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-22 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of field planting method of tribute mandarin orange nursery stock |
| CN109315210A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-12 | 罗文禄 | A kind of shaddock early autumn yields positive results the implantation methods of second year summer maturation picking |
| CN110214620A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 红河江泰果业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods that can increase citrus production and sugariness |
| CN111149597A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Flower and fruit management method for autumn anti-season Or citrus |
| CN111149598A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Flower and fruit management method for summer anti-season Or citrus |
| CN111758473A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-13 | 永州职业技术学院 | Cultivation method for enabling oranges to bloom and bear fruits for the second time |
| CN113728870A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method suitable for autumn and spring maturity of lemons |
| CN115152518A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-10-11 | 象山县农业经济特产技术推广中心 | Method for promoting early flower bud differentiation of middle and late maturing citrus varieties |
| CN115176637A (en) * | 2022-08-20 | 2022-10-14 | 李赢龙 | Method for cultivating out-of-season oranges |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123024A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-09 | 何文芬 | Fertilizing method of top grafting hybrid citrus of citrus unshiu |
| CN106034897A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 陆川县银湖橘红种植专业合作社 | Plantation method of red tangerine peel |
| CN107125081A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-05 | 丹棱县科学技术局 | A kind of cultural method for not knowing fire |
| CN107371954A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-24 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of tribute mandarin orange orchard science weeding |
| CN107494110A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-22 | 钟山县昱成水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of field planting method of tribute mandarin orange nursery stock |
| CN109315210A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-12 | 罗文禄 | A kind of shaddock early autumn yields positive results the implantation methods of second year summer maturation picking |
| CN110214620A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 红河江泰果业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods that can increase citrus production and sugariness |
| CN111149597A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Flower and fruit management method for autumn anti-season Or citrus |
| CN111149598A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-15 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Flower and fruit management method for summer anti-season Or citrus |
| CN111149598B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-12-10 | 博白县三桦石柳生态农业开发有限责任公司 | Flower and fruit management method for summer anti-season Or citrus |
| CN111758473A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-13 | 永州职业技术学院 | Cultivation method for enabling oranges to bloom and bear fruits for the second time |
| CN113728870A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-03 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Cultivation method suitable for autumn and spring maturity of lemons |
| CN115176637A (en) * | 2022-08-20 | 2022-10-14 | 李赢龙 | Method for cultivating out-of-season oranges |
| CN115152518A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-10-11 | 象山县农业经济特产技术推广中心 | Method for promoting early flower bud differentiation of middle and late maturing citrus varieties |
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