CN107127343A - A kind of electron beam increasing material manufacturing method of nickel-base alloy structural member - Google Patents
A kind of electron beam increasing material manufacturing method of nickel-base alloy structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN107127343A CN107127343A CN201710312694.6A CN201710312694A CN107127343A CN 107127343 A CN107127343 A CN 107127343A CN 201710312694 A CN201710312694 A CN 201710312694A CN 107127343 A CN107127343 A CN 107127343A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0026—Matrix based on Ni, Co, Cr or alloys thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electron beam increasing material manufacturing method of nickel-base alloy structural member, it is that under the conditions of vacuum chamber, Superalloy Substrate is placed in advance in workbench, chamber inner pressure is reached 4.8 × 10 by force‑2Pa, well mixed Ni powder, Nb powder, Mo powder, Cr powder, Rare-Earth Ce O are matched using special dust feeder by certain mass2Submicron metal is ejected into the molten bath of electron beam generation, is formed the electron beam cladding layer with matrix metallurgical binding, is then realized successively electron beam cladding by each layer of nc program, finally give 3-dimensional metal part.So as to produce the high-performance with rapid solidification structure characteristic, complete fine and close, complex-shaped nickel-base alloy structural member.The manufacturing cost of the manufacture method is low, the manufacturing cycle is short, stock utilization is high, performance is stable, can quick Fabrication complex partses, and the structural strength of nickel-base alloy structural member can be improved by a relatively large margin, reduce the tissue defects such as alloy internal porosity, crackle, residual stress.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electron beam increases material manufacturing technology field, the electron beam of specifically a kind of nickel-base alloy structural member increases material
Manufacture method.
Background technology
As a kind of typical process of increases material manufacturing technology, electron beam deposition manufacturing technology is one kind of increases material manufacturing technology,
Using alloy powder as raw material, synchronously it is sent into and is characterized with powder, is manufactured by electron-beam melting/rapid solidification layer by layer deposition, by
The step of part C AD models one is completed complete fine and close, " the near-net-shape manufacture " of high-performance metal structural member.Because of its unique technology advantage,
It is described as being a kind of " change " " control shape/control " integrated manufacturing technology, has in the manufacture of the Grand Equipments such as Aeronautics and Astronautics
Broad based growth prospect.The technologic material utilization rate is high, and the mechanical property complicated high-performance component manufacture suitable with forging can be achieved,
And its synchronous material is sent into feature, it can also realize that gradient-structure is manufactured, the high-performance reparation available for damaged member.Nickel-base alloy
There are higher intensity and certain antioxidant anticorrosive ability under 650 DEG C~1000 DEG C high temperature, due to sufficiently high elevated temperature strength
With antioxidant anticorrosive ability, so be usually used in manufacture blade of aviation engine and rocket engine, nuclear reactor, energy conversion set
Standby upper high temperature parts.
The existing processing method for preparing nickel-base alloy structural member is generally comprised:Modeling → programming → go out figure → selection blank →
Process route → determining each operation size and tolerance → is drafted to process firmly(Mainly include turnery processing, grinding machine processing, CNC is processed,
Electro-discharge machining)→ heat treatment → detected size OK → completion product.Not only flow is cumbersome for existing method, and middle any work
Sequence malfunctions, it is necessary to restart manufacture, waste of manpower and Master Cost.And the composition of structural member blank be it is fixed, no
More suitably blank composition can be selected according to the actual requirements.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of that classical production process prepares nickel-base alloy structural member, and provide a kind of
The electron beam increasing material manufacturing method of nickel-base alloy structural member, this method, which only needs to following steps, to be completed:Modeling → programming →
Selection powder → electron beam increasing material manufacturing → detected size OK → completion product is the programming Control by computer in base material table
The technology and preparation method of face cladding forming nickel-base alloy structural member, this method select blank composition, may be used also according to the actual requirements
To simplify work flow, the damaged part of repairing, so that manufacturing time and cost are greatlyd save, and the face coat has structure
Intensity is high, and solidified structure crystal grain is tiny, and inorganization defect can largely save metal material, the characteristics of manufacturing cost is low.
Realizing the technical scheme of the object of the invention is:
A kind of electron beam increasing material manufacturing method of nickel-base alloy structural member, specifically includes following steps:
1)Superalloy Substrate material is polished with sand paper, polished, with 5%~10% salt pickling more than 30 minutes, then clear water is used
Cleaning, is put into 100 DEG C of drying baker and dries more than 1 hour, and the Superalloy Substrate material after taking-up processing naturally cools to room
Temperature is stand-by;
2)Ni powder, Nb powder, Mo powder, Cr powder, Rare-Earth Ce O are prepared using the rotating electrode atomized technique of vacuum plasma2Five kinds of powder
End, above-mentioned each powder is prepared in proportion, and is uniformly mixed more than 6 hours using ball mill, and 150 are put into after powder is well mixed
DEG C drying baker dry more than 10 hours, then be placed in standby in the confession powder case of electron beam process comprehensive platform;
3)Under the driving of nickel-base alloy structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, using microtomy by nickel-base alloy
The continuous three-dimensional CAD digital-to-analogue of structural member is separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, and the thickness of section is generally
400~800 μm, and the three-dimensional data information of nickel-base alloy structural member is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extract every
Profile produced by one layer of section, and according to slicing profile, the technological parameter of design path and electron beam cladding, along by two dimension
The nc program of each layer of Track Pick-up is scanned determined by panel data, and passes to the numerical control in electron beam system and is added
Work module;
4)Superalloy Substrate is positioned on workbench, by enough through step 2)The confession powder that powder after well mixed is placed in
In case, electron beam equipment door is closed, is vacuumized;
5)Electron beam process system is opened, program set in advance is called in into digital control processing module, machining coordinate origin, point is determined
Operation button is hit, electron beam is run according to predetermined procedure track, at the same time, the powder that will be mixed for powder case after heating
In the molten bath for being ejected into electron beam generation, the electron beam cladding layer with matrix metallurgical binding is formed, the numerical control by each layer adds
Engineering sequence realizes successively electron beam cladding, obtains a cladding cross-sectional layers, after one layer of cladding, and workbench declines a slice thick
The height of degree, then the 2nd layer of cladding, and make the 2nd layer together with the 1st layer of metallurgical binding, successively cladding finally gives required three
Tie up nickel-base alloy structural member;
By above-mentioned steps, required three-dimensional nickel-base alloy structural member is finally given.
Step 1)In, described matrix material is any serial nickel-base alloy, surface roughness Ra<10μm.
Step 2)In, each powder size is 0.02~0.15mm.
Step 2)In, the mass percent of each powder is:Ni:50%~70%, Nb:10%~15%, Mo:10%~
15%, Cr:10%~20%, Rare-Earth Ce O2:4%~6%.
Step 3)In, the technological parameter of the electron beam cladding is:Line is 30mA, is focused to 380mA, and accelerating potential is
60kV, 2~8mm of beam spot diameter, 200~800mm/min of sweep speed, overlapping rate 10%~30%.
Step 4)In, more than the time 60min vacuumized, vacuum is 4.8 × 10-2Pa and following.
Step 5)In, described each cladding cross-sectional layers thickness is 400~600 μm.
Beneficial effect:By 3D printing technique, high power electron beam melting and coating technique, electron beam increases material manufacturing technology, rare earth changes
Property technology combined together with advanced material technology of preparing, under the driving of CAD 3D physical model slice of data, using it is Ni-based close
Gold prepares high performance nickel-base alloy structural member as matrix material, without any particular manufacturing craft and any special tooling
Under the conditions of Directly rapid fabrication go out the high-performance with rapid solidification structure feature, complete fine and close, complex-shaped nickel-base alloy knot
Component, available for aerial craft body internal structure such as framework, ribs, irregular part, adapter piece etc.;And electron beam increases material system
Make with advantages below:(1)Energy density is high, utilization rate is high, and about 90%;(2)Its cooling velocity is 106-108 DEG C/s, shape
Into compactness cladding layer;(3)Processing depth-to-width ratio is:20:1~70:1;(4)Electron beam process is carried out under vacuum,
Dust is neither produced, also not discharge of noxious gases and waste liquid, environment is hardly polluted, finished surface does not produce oxidation,
It is particularly suitable for processing oxidizable metal and alloy materials, and the high semi-conducting material of purity requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is example structure part three-dimensional model diagram;
Fig. 2 is part model figure after the section of example structure part;
Fig. 3 is embodiment monolayer slices profile diagram;
Fig. 4 is embodiment electron beam increasing material manufacturing equipment schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Present invention is further elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but is not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment:
(1)Substrate pretreated
Matrix of samples is inconel617 alloys, and matrix size is length × width × height=100mm × 100mm × 10mm, with sand paper pair
Matrix is polished, polished, and makes material surface roughness Ra<10 μm, afterwards with 5%~10% salt pickling 30 minutes or so, then
Cleaned with clear water, be then placed in 100 DEG C of drying baker and dry more than 1 hour, the Superalloy Substrate material after taking-up processing is certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature stand-by;
(2)Powder is configured
Ni powder, Nb powder, Mo powder, Cr powder, Rare-Earth Ce O are prepared using the rotating electrode atomized technique of vacuum plasma2Five kinds of powder,
Each granularity is 0.02~0.15mm, and optimal granularity is 0.07mm;It is by mass percentage by above-mentioned each powder:Ni powder:60%, Nb
Powder:10%, Mo powder:10%, Cr powder:15%, Rare-Earth Ce O2Powder:5% prepares, and is uniformly mixed more than 6 hours using ball mill, powder
150 DEG C of drying baker is put into after end is well mixed to dry more than 10 hours, then is placed in the confession powder case of electron beam process comprehensive platform
In it is standby;
(3)Slice of data
As shown in figure 1, by step(1)The forming dimension of base nickel alloy after processing be length × width × height=100mm ×
100mm × 50mm, under the driving of nickel alloy part C AD three-dimensional entity model slice of datas, using microtomy by continuous three
Vc AD digital-to-analogues are separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, as shown in Fig. 2 the thickness of section is 500 μm, by nickel
The three-dimensional data information of alloy structure part is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, as shown in figure 3, extracting each layer of section institute
The profile of generation and according to slicing profile path reasonable in design and the technological parameter of electron beam cladding, the technique of electron beam cladding
Parameter is micro-:Line is 30mA, is focused to 380mA, and accelerating potential is 60kV, beam spot diameter, 6mm, sweep speed 600mm/min, is taken
Connect rate 20%;Along the nc program of each layer of the Track Pick-up of scanning determined by two dimensional surface data, and pass to electricity
Digital control processing module in beamlet system;The technological parameter of the electron beam cladding is:Line is 30mA, is focused to 380mA, plus
Fast voltage is 60kV, 2~8mm of beam spot diameter, 200~800mm/min of sweep speed, overlapping rate 10%~30%.
(4)Vacuumize
Inconel617 alloy substrates are positioned on workbench, it is enough through step(2)What the powder after well mixed was placed in
For in powder case, being then shut off electron beam equipment door, suction is set to reach 4.8 × 10-2Pa;
(5)Cladding is manufactured
Electron beam process system is opened, program set in advance is called in into digital control processing module, machining coordinate origin is determined, is clicked on
Button is run, electron beam is run according to predetermined procedure track, at the same time, the powder spray that will be mixed for powder case after heating
In the molten bath for being mapped to electron beam generation, the electron beam cladding layer with inconel617 alloy substrate metallurgical bindings is formed, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show;Successively electron beam cladding is realized by each layer of nc program, a cladding section is obtained, after one layer of cladding,
Workbench declines the height of a slice thickness, then the 2nd layer of cladding, and makes the 2nd layer together with the 1st layer of metallurgical binding, successively
Cladding, each cladding cross-sectional layers thickness is 500 μm, finally gives 3-dimensional metal part, product size be length × width × height=
100mm×100mm×50mm。
Product is after testing:Bright and clean from inconel617 Alloy Formings outer surface, color is bright grey, regular shape, without grand
See crackle.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electron beam increasing material manufacturing method of nickel-base alloy structural member, it is characterised in that specifically include following steps:
1)Superalloy Substrate material is polished with sand paper, polished, with 5%~10% salt pickling more than 30 minutes, then clear water is used
Cleaning, is put into 100 DEG C of drying baker and dries more than 1 hour, and the Superalloy Substrate material after taking-up processing naturally cools to room
Temperature is stand-by;
2)Ni powder, Nb powder, Mo powder, Cr powder, Rare-Earth Ce O are prepared using the rotating electrode atomized technique of vacuum plasma2Five kinds of powder
End, above-mentioned each powder is prepared in proportion, and is uniformly mixed more than 6 hours using ball mill, and 150 are put into after powder is well mixed
DEG C drying baker dry more than 10 hours, then be placed in standby in the confession powder case of electron beam process comprehensive platform;
3)Under the driving of nickel-base alloy structural member CAD 3D physical model slice of data, using microtomy by nickel-base alloy
The continuous three-dimensional CAD digital-to-analogue of structural member is separated into the hierarchy slicing with certain thickness and order, and the thickness of section is generally
400~800 μm, and the three-dimensional data information of nickel-base alloy structural member is converted into a series of two dimensional surface data, extract every
Profile produced by one layer of section, and according to slicing profile, the technological parameter of design path and electron beam cladding, along by two dimension
The nc program of each layer of Track Pick-up is scanned determined by panel data, and passes to the numerical control in electron beam system and is added
Work module;
4)Superalloy Substrate is positioned on workbench, by enough through step 2)The confession powder that powder after well mixed is placed in
In case, electron beam equipment door is closed, is vacuumized;
5)Electron beam process system is opened, program set in advance is called in into digital control processing module, machining coordinate origin, point is determined
Operation button is hit, electron beam is run according to predetermined procedure track, at the same time, the powder that will be mixed for powder case after heating
In the molten bath for being ejected into electron beam generation, the electron beam cladding layer with matrix metallurgical binding is formed, the numerical control by each layer adds
Engineering sequence realizes successively electron beam cladding, obtains a cladding cross-sectional layers, after one layer of cladding, and workbench declines a slice thick
The height of degree, then the 2nd layer of cladding, and make the 2nd layer together with the 1st layer of metallurgical binding, successively cladding finally gives required three
Tie up nickel-base alloy structural member;
By above-mentioned steps, required three-dimensional nickel-base alloy structural member is finally given.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1)In, described matrix material is any serial nickel
Based alloy, surface roughness Ra<10μm.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)In, each powder size is 0.02~0.15mm.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)In, the mass percent of each powder is:
Ni:50%~70%, Nb:10%~15%, Mo:10%~15%, Cr:10%~20%, Rare-Earth Ce O2:4%~6%.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3)In, the technological parameter of the electron beam cladding is:
Line is 30mA, is focused to 380mA, and accelerating potential is 60kV, 2~8mm of beam spot diameter, 200~800mm/min of sweep speed,
Overlapping rate 10%~30%.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4)In, more than the time 60min vacuumized, vacuum
Spend for 4.8 × 10-2Pa and following.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5)In, described each cladding cross-sectional layers thickness is
400~600 μm.
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Cited By (8)
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CN107971491A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-01 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of method for eliminating electron beam selective melting increasing material manufacturing nickel base superalloy tiny crack in parts |
CN108034943A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 浙江镭弘激光科技有限公司 | A kind of titanium alloy cladding device and method |
CN108063081A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-22 | 上海交通大学 | Fine pulsed electron beam polishing system |
CN108588498A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of method that Ni-based functionally gradient material (FGM) and precinct laser fusion method prepare Ni-based functionally gradient material (FGM) |
CN108941537A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南伊澍智能制造有限公司 | A kind of method of electron beam 3D printing Special high-temperature alloy |
CN109514066A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-26 | 南京理工大学 | The device of control interlayer temperature based on electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing |
WO2021068289A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-15 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | High-strength, high-plasticity, single-phase inconel 625 nickel-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
US20220001449A1 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2022-01-06 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Ni-BASED ALLOY MEMBER INCLUDING ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED BODY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING Ni-BASED ALLOY MEMBER, AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCT USING Ni-BASED ALLOY MEMBER |
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CN105828983A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2016-08-03 | 通用电器技术有限公司 | Gamma prime precipitation strengthened nickel-base superalloy for use in powder based additive manufacturing process |
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