CN106866784B - 靶向线粒体抗氧化剂及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
靶向线粒体抗氧化剂及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106866784B CN106866784B CN201611130474.3A CN201611130474A CN106866784B CN 106866784 B CN106866784 B CN 106866784B CN 201611130474 A CN201611130474 A CN 201611130474A CN 106866784 B CN106866784 B CN 106866784B
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- C07K5/02—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing at least one abnormal peptide link
- C07K5/0207—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing at least one abnormal peptide link containing the structure -NH-(X)4-C(=0), e.g. 'isosters', replacing two amino acids
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种化合物,其为式I示的化合物或式I所示化合物的立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、氮氧化物、水合物、溶剂化物、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐,其中,Cbz表示苄氧羰基,Bn表示苄基,Boc表示叔丁氧羰基。该化合物理化性质稳定,且与XJB‑5‑131相比水溶性提高,物理化学性质稳定,且生物活性好,药用剂量小,体内稳定性提高,生物利用度高,副作用小,靶向抗氧化性突出,能够有效用于修复线粒体氧化损伤,预防或治疗老年性黄斑病变等神经退行性疾病。
Description
优先权信息
本申请请求2015年12月11日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201510922167.8的专利申请的优先权和权益,并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本发明涉及生物化学技术领域,具体地,本发明涉及化合物制备领域,更具体地,本发明涉及一种新化合物(式I)及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
线粒体氧化损伤与神经退行性疾病包括干性老年性黄斑病(Dry-AMD),青光眼(Glaucoma),创伤性脑损伤(TBI),肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS),阿尔兹海默症(AD),帕金森氏病(PD),亨廷顿氏病(HD)等在内的许多神经退行性疾病有关。其中,亨廷顿氏舞蹈病是一种大脑某些区域的神经元日益衰弱的遗传性疾病。通常在中年显现疾病症状,包括肌肉协调能力丧失以及认知能力下降。该疾病目前无法医治。当前,医生只能给予患者抗抑郁药或减轻运动协调丧失的化合物,两者均无法延缓疾病的进程。
XJB-5-131是一种具有很好靶向性的线粒体抗氧化剂,具备良好的生物活性,且已有研究表明,XJB-5-131在创伤性脑损伤的神经退行性的动物模型和亨廷顿氏病的动物模型中,显示出明显的疗效,具备良好的临床应用前景(例如可参见:Nature Neuroscience2012,15(10),1407;Accounts of Chemical Research 2008,41(1),87;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2005,127,12460,通过参照将其全文并入本文)。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明的一个目的在于提出一种理化性质稳定,且与XJB-5-131相比具备更好的潜在生物活性及线粒体抗氧化性的化合物。
需要说明的是,本发明是基于发明人的下列工作而完成的:通过将XJB-5-131进行结构优化,获得众多的类似物,然后对各类似物进行一系列生物学研究及动物模型测试,以期筛选出生物活性好、靶向抗氧化性突出、理化性质稳定的新的线粒体抗氧化剂。结果,发明人筛选得到化合物(即式I所示化合物),其理化性质稳定,与XJB-5-131相比水溶性更高,晶型更加稳定,且生物活性好,药用剂量小,体内生物利用度高,副作用小,靶向抗氧化性突出。进而进行动物模型实验发现,化合物I能够有效修复SD大鼠的眼部黄斑的损伤,阻止大鼠视网膜层细胞的凋亡,保护视网膜细胞,从而减轻大鼠的眼部症状。
因而,根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种化合物。根据本发明的实施例,该化合物为式I所示的化合物或式I所示化合物的立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、氮氧化物、水合物、溶剂化物、代谢产物、药学上可接受的盐,
其中,
Cbz表示苄氧羰基,Bn表示苄基,Boc表示叔丁氧羰基。
发明人发现,本发明的化合物理化性质稳定,且与XJB-5-131相比水溶性高,易于结晶,物理化学性质稳定,且生物活性好,药用剂量小,体内生物利用度高,副作用小,靶向抗氧化性突出,能够有效用于修复线粒体氧化损伤,预防或治疗包括干性老年性黄斑病(Dry-AMD),青光眼(Glaucoma),创伤性脑损伤(TBI),肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS),阿尔兹海默症(AD),帕金森氏病(PD),亨廷顿氏病(HD)等神经退行性疾病。
需要说明的是,除非其他方面表明,本发明的化合物的所有互变异构形式都包含在本发明的范围之内。另外,除非其他方面表明,本发明所描述的化合物的结构式包括一个或多个不同的原子的富集同位素。
本文中所使用的术语“水合物”是指本发明所提供的化合物或其盐,其还包括化学量或非化学当量通过非共价分子间力结合的水,也可说是溶剂分子是水所形成的缔合物。
术语“溶剂化物”是指一个或多个溶剂分子与本发明的化合物所形成的缔合物。形成溶剂化物的溶剂包括,但并不限于,水,异丙醇,乙醇,甲醇,二甲亚砜,乙酸乙酯,乙酸,氨基乙醇。
术语“氮氧化物”是指当化合物含几个胺官能团时,可将1个或大于1个的氮原子氧化形成N-氧化物。N-氧化物的特殊实例是叔胺的N-氧化物或含氮杂环氮原子的N-氧化物。可用氧化剂例如过氧化氢或过酸(例如过氧羧酸)处理相应的胺形成N-氧化物(参见Advanced Organic Chemistry,Wiley Interscience,第4版,Jerry March)。尤其是,N-氧化物可用L.W.Deady的方法制备(Syn.Comm.1977,7,509-514),其中例如在惰性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷中,使胺化合物与间氯过氧苯甲酸(mCPBA)反应。
术语“代谢产物”是指具体的化合物或其盐在体内通过代谢作用所得到的产物。一个化合物的代谢产物可以通过所属领域公知的技术来进行鉴定,其活性可以通过如本发明所描述的那样采用试验的方法进行表征。这样的产物可以是通过给药化合物经过氧化,还原,水解,酰氨化,脱酰氨作用,酯化,脱脂作用,酶裂解等等方法得到。相应地,本发明包括化合物的代谢产物,包括将本发明的化合物与哺乳动物充分接触一段时间所产生的代谢产物。
本发明化合物的各种药学上可接受的盐形式都是有用的。术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指那些盐形式对于制药化学家而言是显而易见的,即它们基本上无毒并能提供所需的药代动力学性质、适口性、吸收、分布、代谢或排泄。其他因素,在性质上更加实用,对于选择也很重要,这些是:原材料的成本、结晶的容易、产率、稳定性、吸湿性和结果原料药的流动性。简单地讲,药物组合物可以通过有效成分与药学上可接受的载体制备得到。
本发明所使用的术语“药学上可接受的盐”是指本发明的化合物的有机盐和无机盐。药学上可接受的盐在所属领域是为我们所熟知的,如文献:S.M.Berge et al.,describe pharmaceutically acceptable salts in detail in J.PharmaceuticalSciences,66:1-19,1977.所记载的。药学上可接受的无毒的酸形成的盐包括,但并不限于,与氨基基团反应形成的无机酸盐有盐酸盐,氢溴酸盐,磷酸盐,硫酸盐,高氯酸盐,和有机酸盐如乙酸盐,草酸盐,马来酸盐,酒石酸盐,柠檬酸盐,琥珀酸盐,丙二酸盐,或通过书籍文献上所记载的其他方法如离子交换法来得到这些盐。其他药学上可接受的盐包括己二酸盐,苹果酸盐,2-羟基丙酸盐,藻酸盐,抗坏血酸盐,天冬氨酸盐,苯磺酸盐,苯甲酸盐,重硫酸盐,硼酸盐,丁酸盐,樟脑酸盐,樟脑磺酸盐,环戊基丙酸盐,二葡萄糖酸盐,十二烷基硫酸盐,乙磺酸盐,甲酸盐,反丁烯二酸盐,葡庚糖酸盐,甘油磷酸盐,葡萄糖酸盐,半硫酸盐,庚酸盐,己酸盐,氢碘酸盐,2-羟基-乙磺酸盐,乳糖醛酸盐,乳酸盐,月桂酸盐,月桂基硫酸盐,苹果酸盐,丙二酸盐,甲磺酸盐,2-萘磺酸盐,烟酸盐,硝酸盐,油酸盐,棕榈酸盐,扑酸盐,果胶酸盐,过硫酸盐,3-苯基丙酸盐,苦味酸盐,特戊酸盐,丙酸盐,硬脂酸盐,硫氰酸盐,对甲苯磺酸盐,十一酸盐,戊酸盐,等等。通过适当的碱得到的盐包括碱金属,碱土金属,铵和N+(C1-4烷基)4的盐。本发明也拟构思了任何所包含N的基团的化合物所形成的季铵盐。水溶性或油溶性或分散产物可以通过季铵化作用得到。碱金属或碱土金属盐包括钠盐,锂盐,钾盐,钙盐,镁盐,等等。药学上可接受的盐进一步包括适当的、无毒的铵,季铵盐和抗平衡离子形成的胺阳离子,如卤化物,氢氧化物,羧化物,硫酸化物,磷酸化物,硝酸化物,C1-8磺酸化物和芳香磺酸化物。胺盐,例如但不限于N,N’-二苄基乙二胺盐,氯普鲁卡因盐,胆碱盐,氨盐,异丙胺盐,苄星青霉素(benzathine)盐,胆碱(cholinate)盐,赖氨酸盐,葡甲胺(meglumine)盐,哌嗪盐,氨丁三醇盐,二乙醇胺盐和其它羟烷基胺盐,乙二胺盐,N-甲基还原葡糖胺盐,普鲁卡因盐,N-苄基苯乙胺盐,1-对-氯苄基-2-吡咯烷-1’-基甲基-苯并咪唑盐和其它烷基胺盐,哌嗪盐和三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷盐;碱土金属盐,例如但不限于钡盐,钙盐和镁盐;过渡金属盐,例如但不限于锌盐。
本发明的药学上可接受的盐可以用常规化学方法由母体化合物、碱性或酸性部分来合成。一般而言,该类盐可以通过使这些化合物的游离酸形式与化学计量量的适宜碱(如Na、Ca、Mg或K的氢氧化物、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐等)反应,或者通过使这些化合物的游离碱形式与化学计量量的适宜酸反应来进行制备。该类反应通常在水或有机溶剂或二者的混合物中进行。一般地,在适当的情况中,需要使用非水性介质如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、异丙醇或乙腈。在例如“Remington′s Pharmaceutical Sciences”,第20版,Mack PublishingCompany,Easton,Pa.,(1985);和“药用盐手册:性质、选择和应用(Handbook ofPharmaceutical Salts:Properties,Selection,and Use)”,Stahl and Wermuth(Wiley-VCH,Weinheim,Germany,2002)中可找到另外一些适宜盐的列表。
另外,本发明公开的化合物、包括它们的盐,也可以以它们的水合物形式或包含其溶剂(例如乙醇、DMSO,等等)的形式得到,用于它们的结晶。本发明公开化合物可以与药学上可接受的溶剂(包括水)固有地或通过设计形成溶剂化物;因此,本发明旨在包括溶剂化的和未溶剂化的形式。
如本发明所使用的术语“治疗”任何疾病或病症,在其中一些实施例中指改善疾病或病症(即减缓或阻止或减轻疾病或其至少一种临床症状的发展)。在另一些实施例中,“治疗”指缓和或改善至少一种身体参数,包括可能不为患者所察觉的身体参数。在另一些实施例中,“治疗”指从身体上(例如稳定可察觉的症状)或生理学上(例如稳定身体的参数)或上述两方面调节疾病或病症。在另一些实施例中,“治疗”指预防或延迟疾病或病症的发作、发生或恶化。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了一种前面所述化合物的方法。根据本发明的实施例,该方法包括以下步骤:
将3-炔-1-丁醇与咪唑和叔丁基二苯基氯硅烷接触,以便获得(3-炔-1-丁基氧基)叔丁基二苯基硅醚;
将3-甲基丁醛与(R)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺、硫酸镁和PPTS接触,以便获得(R)-((E)-异戊亚胺)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺;
将(3-炔-1-丁基氧基)叔丁基二苯基硅醚与(R)-((E)-异戊亚胺)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺接触,以便获得8-叔丁基二苯硅氧基-2-甲基-5-辛烯-(S)-4-氮-(R)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺;
将8-叔丁基二苯硅氧基-2-甲基-5-辛烯-(S)-4-氮-(R)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺与碳酸氢钠固体接触,以便获得(S,E)-叔丁基-(8-羟基-2-甲基-5-辛烯)氨基甲酸酯;
将(S,E)-叔丁基-(8-羟基-2-甲基-5-辛烯)氨基甲酸酯与琼斯试剂接触,以便获得(S,E)-5-((叔丁基羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3辛烯酸;
将(S,E)-5-((叔丁基羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3辛烯酸与(S)-4-苄基-3-恶唑烷酮接触,以便获得叔丁基((S,E)-8-((S)-4-苄基-2-唑烷酮)-2-甲基-8-羰基-5-烯基)-氨基甲酸酯;
将叔丁基((S,E)-8-((S)-4-苄基-2-唑烷酮)-2-甲基-8-羰基-5-烯基)-氨基甲酸酯与四氢呋喃和苄溴接触,以便获得叔丁基((4S,7S,E)-7-苄基—8-((S)-4-苄基-唑烷酮)-2-甲基-8-羰基-5-烯基)-氨基甲酸酯;
将叔丁基((4S,7S,E)-7-苄基—8-((S)-4-苄基-唑烷酮)-2-甲基-8-羰基-5-烯基)-氨基甲酸酯与双氧水、一水合氢氧化锂和硫代硫酸钠接触,以便获得(2S,5S,E)-2-苄基-5-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3-辛烯酸;
将(2S,5S,E)-2-苄基-5-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3-辛烯酸与(S)-5-((苄氧羰基)氨基)-2-((R)-3-甲基-2((S)-吡咯烷-2-甲酰胺基)-丁酰胺基)戊酸甲酯接触,以便获得(S)-2-((R)-2-((S)-1-(2S,5S,E)-2-苄基-5-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3-辛烯)吡咯烷基-2-甲酰胺基)-3-甲基丁酰胺基)-5-((苄氧羰基)氨基)戊酸甲酯;以及
将(S)-2-((R)-2-((S)-1-(2S,5S,E)-2-苄基-5-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3-辛烯)吡咯烷基-2-甲酰胺基)-3-甲基丁酰胺基)-5-((苄氧羰基)氨基)戊酸甲酯与氢氧化钠接触,得到粗产物,然后将粗产物与4-氨基2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物、1-羟基苯并三唑、碳化二亚胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶接触,以便获得前面所述的化合物。
由此,利用该方法能够高效地制备式I所示化合物,且步骤少,成本低,获得的化合物稳定性好,生物活性和线粒体靶向抗氧化性突出。
其中,当可用于治疗时,治疗有效量的式I所示化合物及其药学上可接受的盐可作为未加工的化学药品给予,还可作为药物组合物的活性成分提供。因而,根据本发明的再一方面,本发明还提供了一种药物组合物。根据本发明的实施例,该药物组合物包含前面所述的化合物。发明人发现,本发明的药物组合物能够有效修复线粒体氧化损伤,从而能够有效用于预防或治疗干性老年黄斑病变(Dry-AMD),青光眼(Glaucoma),创伤性脑损伤(TBI),肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS),阿尔兹海默症(AD),帕金森氏病(PD),亨廷顿氏病(HD)等神经退行性疾病。
根据本发明的实施例,该药物组合物进一步包括药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂、稀释剂、辅剂、媒介物或它们的任意组合。
合适的载体、辅剂和赋形剂对于本领域技术人员是熟知的并且详细描述于例如Ansel H.C.et al.,Ansel’s Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug DeliverySystems(2004)Lippincott,Williams&Wilkins,Philadelphia;Gennaro A.R.et al.,Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2000)Lippincott,Williams&Wilkins,Philadelphia;和Rowe R.C.,Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients(2005)Pharmaceutical Press,Chicago中。
本文所使用的术语“治疗有效量”是指足以显示出有意义的患者益处的各活性组分的总量。当使用单独的活性成分单独给药时,该术语仅指该成分。当组合应用时,该术语则是指不论组合、依次或同时给药时,都引起治疗效果的活性成分的组合量。式I所示化合物及其药学上可接受的盐如上所述。从与制剂其他成分相容以及对其接受者无害的意义上来讲,载体、稀释剂或赋形剂必须是可接受的。根据本公开内容的另一方面,还提供用于制备药物制剂的方法,该方法包括将式I所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐与一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂混匀。本发明所使用的术语“药学上可接受的”是指这样的化合物、原料、组合物和/或剂型,它们在合理医学判断的范围内,适用于与患者组织接触而无过度毒性、刺激性、变态反应或与合理的利益/风险比相对称的其他问题和并发症,并有效用于既定用途。
通常,本发明的化合物通过用于发挥类似效用的物质的任何常规施用方式以治疗有效量被施用。适宜的剂量范围取决于多种因素,例如所治疗疾病的严重性、施用对象的年龄和相对健康状况、所用化合物的效力、施用的途径和形式、施用所针对的适应症以及相关医学执业者的偏好和经验。治疗所述疾病领域的普通技术人员无需过多实验依靠个人知识和本申请的公开内容即能确定用于给定疾病的本发明化合物的治疗有效量。
通常,本发明的化合物以药物制剂形式施用,所述的药物制剂包括那些适于口服(包括口腔和舌下)、直肠、鼻、局部、肺、阴道或胃肠外(包括肌内、动脉内、鞘内、皮下和静脉内)施用的药物制剂或适于吸入或吹入施用形式的药物制剂。优选的施用方式通常为口服,使用合适的日剂量方案,可根据疾痛程度对其进行调整。
可将本发明的一种或多种化合物与一种或多种常规辅剂、载体或稀释剂一起置于药物组合物和单位剂量形式中。药物组合物和单位剂量形式可包含常规比例的常规成分,含或不含另外的活性化合物或成分,单位剂量形式可以含有与所应用的计划日剂量范围相称的任何适宜的有效量的活性成分。药物组合物的应用形式可以是固体例如片剂或填充胶囊剂、半固体、粉末、缓释制剂或液体例如溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、酏剂或口服使用的填充胶囊剂;或是用于直肠或阴道施用的栓剂形式;或是用于胃肠外使用的无菌注射用溶液形式。
本发明的化合物可以配制成各种口服施用的剂量形式。药物组合物和剂量形式可以包含本发明的一种或多种化合物或其可药用盐作为活性成分。可药用的载体可以是固体或液体。固体形式的制剂包括:散剂、片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、扁囊剂、栓剂和可分散的颗粒剂。固体载体可以是一种或多种物质,其也可以用作稀释剂、矫味剂、增溶剂、润滑剂、悬浮剂、粘合剂、防腐剂、片剂崩解剂或包囊材料。在散剂中,载体通常为研细的固体,其与研细的活性成分形成混合物。在片剂中,活性成分通常与具有必需粘合能力的载体以适宜的比例相混合并压制成所需的形状和大小。适宜的载体包括但不限于碳酸镁、硬脂酸镁、滑石粉、糖、乳糖、果胶、糊精、淀粉、明胶、西黄蓍胶、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、低熔点蜡、可可脂等。术语“制剂”旨在包括含有包囊材料作为载体以提供胶囊的活性化合物的制剂,在所述胶囊中带有或不带有载体的活性成分被与之结合的该载体所包围。类似地,还包括扁囊剂和锭剂。片剂、散剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、扁囊剂和锭剂均是适于口服施用的固体形式。
其它适于口服施用的形式包括液体形式的制剂(包括乳剂、糖浆、酏剂、水性溶液剂、水性混悬剂)或旨在使用前即刻转变为液体形式制剂的固体形式的制剂。乳剂可以在溶液例如丙二醇水溶液中制备或可以含有乳化剂例如卵磷脂、脱水山梨醇单油酸酯或阿拉伯胶。水性溶液剂可通过将活性成分溶解在水中并加入适宜的着色剂、矫味剂、稳定剂和增稠剂来制备。水性混悬剂可通过用粘性物质例如天然或合成的胶、树脂、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠和其它公知的悬浮剂将研细的活性成分分散在水中来制备。液体形式的制剂包括溶液剂、混悬剂和乳剂,除了活性成分外其还可以含有着色剂、矫味剂、稳定剂、缓冲剂、人造的和天然的甜味剂、分散剂、增稠剂、增溶剂等。
本发明的化合物可被配制用于胃肠外施用(例如,通过注射如快速浓注或连续输注施用)并且可以以单位剂量形式存在于安瓿、预先灌装的注射器、小容量输液中或存在于添加了防腐剂的多剂量容器中。组合物可采用的形式有例如在油性或水性赋形剂中的混悬剂、溶液剂或乳剂,例如在聚乙二醇水溶液中的溶液剂。油性或非水性载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋形剂的例子包括丙二醇、聚乙二醇、植物油(例如橄榄油)和注射用有机酯(例如油酸乙酯),并且可含有制剂物质如防腐剂、湿润剂、乳化剂或悬浮剂、稳定剂和/或分散剂。或者,活性成分可以为粉末形式,其获得方法是将无菌固体进行无菌分装或通过将溶液冻干以便在使用前用适宜的赋形剂例如无菌、无热原的水进行构建。
本发明的化合物可被配制用于以软膏剂、乳膏剂或洗剂形式或以透皮贴剂形式局部施用于表皮。软膏剂和乳膏剂可以例如用添加了适宜的增稠剂和/或胶凝剂的水性或油性基质进行配制。洗剂可以用水性或油性基质配制并且通常还含有一种或多种乳化剂、稳定剂、分散剂、悬浮剂、增稠剂或着色剂。适用于在口中局部施用的制剂包括:在经矫味的基质中包含活性剂的锭剂,所述经矫味的基质通常是蔗糖和阿拉伯胶或西黄蓍胶;在惰性基质中含有活性成分的软锭剂,所述惰性基质例如明胶和甘油或蔗糖和阿拉伯胶;以及在合适的液体载体中包含活性成分的漱口剂。
本发明的化合物可被配制用于以栓剂形式施用。可首先将低熔点蜡如脂肪酸甘油酯混合物或可可脂熔化,并将活性成分例如通过搅拌均匀分散。然后将熔融的均匀混合物倒入合适大小的模具中,使其冷却并固化。
本发明的化合物可被配制用于阴道施用。除活性成分外还含有本领域公知载体的阴道栓、卫生栓、乳青剂、凝胶剂、糊剂、泡沫剂或喷雾剂是适宜的。
本发明的化合物可被配制用于经鼻施用。可将溶液剂或混悬剂通过常规方法、例如用滴管、吸管或喷雾器直接应用于鼻腔。制剂可以是单剂量或多剂量形式。对于滴管或吸管的多剂量形式,这可以通过由患者施用适宜的、预定体积的溶液剂或混悬剂来实现。对于喷雾器,这可以例如通过计量雾化喷雾泵来实现。
本发明的化合物可被配制用于气雾剂施用,特别是施用于呼吸道并且包括鼻内施用。化合物通常具有小的粒度,例如5微米或更小数量级的粒度。所述的粒度可通过本领域公知的方法、例如通过微粉化获得。活性成分以含有适宜抛射剂如含氯氟烃(CFC)例如二氯二氟甲烷、三氯氟甲烷或二氯四氟乙烷或者二氧化碳或其它适宜气体的加压包装提供。气雾剂还可合适地含有表面活性剂如卵磷脂。药物剂量可通过计量阀控制。或者,活性成分可以以干燥粉末形式、例如在适宜粉末基质如乳糖、淀粉、淀粉衍生物如羟丙基甲基纤维素和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的化合物的粉末混合物形式提供。粉末载体将在鼻腔中形成凝胶。粉末组合物可以以单位剂量形式例如以明胶胶囊剂或药筒或泡罩包装形式存在可通过吸入器由其中施用粉末。
需要时,制剂可以用适于缓释或控释施用活性成分的肠溶包衣进行制备。例如,本发明的化合物可被配制成透皮或皮下药物递送装置。当必须缓释化合物时和当患者对治疗方案的依从性至关重要时,这些递送系统是有利的。透皮递送系统中的化合物经常附着在皮肤粘着性固体载体上。所关注的化合物也可以与渗透促进剂、例如月桂氮革酮(1-十二烷基氮杂环庚-2-酮)组合使用。可通过手术或注射将缓释递送系统皮下插入到皮下层。皮下植入物将化合物包囊在液体可溶性膜、例如硅橡胶或生物可降解的聚合物例如聚乳酸中。
药物制剂优选为单位剂量形式。在该形式中,制剂被细分为含有适宜量活性成分的单位剂量。单位剂量形式可以是成套包装的制剂,包装中含有离散量的制剂,例如成套包装的片剂、胶囊剂和在小瓶中的粉末或安瓶剂。另外,单位剂量形式可以是胶囊剂、片剂、扁囊剂或锭剂本身,或者其可以是成套包装形式中适宜数量的这些形式中的任何一种。
其它适宜的药用载体和它们的制剂在Remington:The Science and Practice ofPharmacy1995Martin,E.W编辑,Mack Publishing Company,第19版,Easton,Pennsylvania中有描述。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明还提供了前面所述的化合物或者药物组合物在制备药物中的用途,所述药物用于预防或治疗神经退行性疾病。
根据本发明的实施例,所述神经退行性疾病为干性老年性黄斑,青光眼,创伤性脑损伤,肌萎缩性侧索硬化症,阿尔兹海默症,帕金森氏病,亨廷顿氏病。
需要说明的是,本发明的化合物及药物组合物除了对人类治疗有益以外,还可应用于兽医治疗宠物、引进品种的动物和农场的动物中的哺乳动物。另外一些动物的实例包括马、狗和猫。在此,本发明的化合物包括其药学上可接受的衍生物。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1-图2显示了根据本发明一个实施例,pH稳定性考察的结果;
图3显示了根据本发明一个实施例,化合物I对Erastin诱导HT1080细胞铁死亡的抑制作用检测结果;
图4显示了根据本发明一个实施例,化合物I对双氧水的损伤ARPE-19细胞的恢复作用检测结果;
图5显示了根据本发明一个实施例,化合物I的视觉电生理检测检测结果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。本领域技术人员将会理解,下面的实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1制备化合物I
一、中间体13合成:
首先,按照下列合成路线,合成中间体13:
步骤一:化合物5合成
将化合物4(10g,37.6mmol)溶解于甲醇(150mL),冷却至0℃,往其中滴加二氯亚砜(22g,0.19mmol)。
在搅拌下,反应液逐步升至室温,持续搅拌12h。将反应液减压浓缩,得化合物5(11.7g),收率98%。
步骤二:化合物2合成
将化合物1(6.45g,30mmol)和D-Valine甲酯盐酸盐(5.53g,33mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(200mL),冷却至0℃。往上述溶液中加入1-羟基苯并三唑(4.46g,33mmol),碳化二亚胺(6.3g,33mmol)以及DIEA(8.51g,66mmol)。
反应液逐步升至室温,搅拌12h,以盐酸水溶液(100mL,1M)淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取(200mL×3)。合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(100mL)。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物2(9.1g),收率93%。
步骤三:化合物3合成
将化合物2(2.0g,6.1mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃/甲醇/水(8mL/4mL/2mL),冷却至0℃,往其中滴加氢氧化锂溶液(10mL,1M水溶液)。
反应液在0℃搅拌2h。减压除去大部分四氢呋喃,剩余物以盐酸水溶液(20mL,1M)进行酸化,然后以乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×2)。合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(30mL)。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩,得白色固体化合物3(1.8g),收率95%。
步骤三:化合物6合成
将化合物3(5g,15.9mmol)和化合物5(6g,19mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(100mL),冷却至0℃。往上述溶液中加入1-羟基苯并三唑(2.36g,17.5mmol),碳化二亚胺(3.34g,17.5mmol)以及三乙胺(3.21g,31.8mmol)。
反应液在0-15℃搅拌6h,然后以盐酸水溶液(20mL,1M)淬灭,二氯甲烷萃取(100mL×2)。合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(50mL)。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物6(8.5g),收率93%。
步骤四:化合物13合成
将化合物6(1.2g,2.08mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(10mL),冷却至0℃,往其中滴加TFA(4mL)。反应液逐步升至室温,持续搅拌2h。减压浓缩除去溶剂及大量的三氟乙酸,然后加入乙酸乙酯和饱和碳酸钠水溶液至Ph=8-9。以乙酸乙酯萃取(50mL×2)。合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(50mL)。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩,得白色泡沫状固体化合物13(1.27g),收率98%。
二、合成化合物I
根据本发明的方法,结合下列合成路线,制备化合物I,具体如下:
1、化合物8合成:
将化合物7(40g,0.57mol)和咪唑(43g,0.63mol)溶解于二氯甲烷中(1L),搅拌10分钟。
将叔丁基二苯基氯硅烷(150g,0.55mol)溶解于二氯甲烷(500L),然后滴加至上述溶液。在常温下反应搅拌20h。
浓缩反应混合物,经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物8(162g),收率96%。
2、化合物11合成:
将化合物9(32.1mL,0.29mol)溶解于二氯甲烷(1.5L)。往其中陆续加入化合物10(30g,0.25mol),硫酸镁(146g,1.21mol)和PPTS(6.2g,0.025mol)。
以上混合物在室温下搅拌反应20h,后经硅藻土过滤、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物11(42g),收率91%。
3、化合物12合成:
将化合物8(9.8g,27.9mmol)溶解于干燥二氯甲烷(162mL),往其中加入Cp2Zr盐酸盐(7.7g,29.8mmol),常温搅拌10min。
将上述黄色反应液冷却至0℃,往其中缓慢加入AlMe3(14.9mL,2.0M甲苯溶液,29.8mmol)。然后继续搅拌10min。
将化合物11溶解于干燥二氯甲烷(27mL),加入上述溶液中,搅拌反应12h。
冰浴下,往上述反应液中缓慢加入冰水(10mL),再加入盐酸水溶液(20mL,1M)。搅拌、分液。水相以二氯甲烷(100mL)萃取,合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠溶液(150mL)洗涤。收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物12(8.6g),收率92%。
4、化合物14合成:
将化合物12(20g,40mmol)溶解于1,4-二氧六环(120mL),冷却至0℃,搅拌下滴加浓盐酸(40mL)。
反应液在室温下搅拌16h,以乙酸乙酯萃取(200mL×3)。将水相保留,往其中加入1,4-二氧六环(200mL),搅拌5min,将反应液冷却至0℃,缓慢加入碳酸氢钠固体(81g,0.96mol),接着滴加(Boc)2O(10.5g,48mmol)。
以上反应液在常温下搅拌8h,然后以乙酸乙酯萃取(200mL×3),有机相合并后以饱和氯化钠洗涤(200mL),干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物14(9g),收率87%。
5、化合物15合成:
将化合物14(3g,11.8mmol)溶解于丙酮(150mL),冷却至0℃,搅拌。
向上述溶液中加入琼斯试剂(11.8mL,2.5M),反应液在冰浴条件下搅拌2h。
往上述反应液中加入异丙醇(5mL),搅拌5min,过滤。往所得滤液中加入水(50mL)和乙酸乙酯(300mL)。搅拌、分液。有机相以饱和氯化钠(100mL)洗涤。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物15(3g),收率94%。
6、化合物17合成:
将化合物15(2.6g,9.6mmol)溶解于干燥四氢呋喃(50mL),冷却至-78℃。往以上溶液中加入三乙胺(1.46mL,10.4mmol)和PivCl(1.25mL,10mmol)。反应液在-78℃搅拌20min,升至室温,搅拌30min。然后将反应液再冷却至-78℃。
在另一反应瓶中,将化合物16(1.99g,11mmol)溶解于干燥四氢呋喃(50mL),冷却至-78℃,滴加入正丁基锂(4.2mL,2.5M四氢呋喃溶液),搅拌20min。将化合物16的锂盐溶液滴加至上述含化合物15的反应液,逐步升至室温,继续搅拌18h。
往上述反应液中加入饱和氯化铵(25mL),水(30mL)及乙酸乙酯(100mL)。搅拌、分液。收集有机相,水相再以乙酸乙酯(50mL)萃取。将有机相合并,以饱和氯化钠(50mL)洗涤。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物17(2.6g),收率63%。
7、化合物18合成:
将化合物17(3.3g,7.67mmol)溶解于干燥四氢呋喃(67mL),冷却至-78℃。取NaHMDS(4.22mL,2M四氢呋喃溶液),以干燥四氢呋喃(5mL)进行稀释,然后滴加入上述溶液中。
反应液在-78℃搅拌30min后,往其中加入苄溴(13.1g,76.7mmol)。以上反应液保持在-45℃,搅拌12h,以饱和氯化铵(50mL)淬灭反应,然后以乙酸乙酯进行萃取(100mL×3),收集有机相,并以饱和氯化钠(100mL)洗涤。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物18(3.3g),收率83%。
8、化合物19合成:
将化合物18(1.5g,2.9mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃/水(25mL,体积比4:1),冷却至0℃,往其中加入双氧水(1.2mL,30%),接着加入一水合氢氧化锂(480mg,11.5mmol),搅拌1h。
往以上反应液加入硫代硫酸钠饱和溶液(10mL),再以饱和磷酸二氢钠调节pH=5。以乙酸乙酯(50mL)萃取,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析分离得到化合物19(1g),收率94%。
9、化合物20合成:
将化合物19(0.2g,0.55mmol)和化合物13(314.0mg,0.66mmol)溶解于干燥二氯甲烷(5mL),冷却至0℃。往上述溶液中加入HATU(274.0mg,0.72mmol)和DIEA(142.0mg,1.1mmol)。
反应液逐步升至室温,搅拌3h,浓缩除去溶剂,加入乙酸乙酯(30mL)和稀盐酸(20mL,1M),搅拌后萃取。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩得到化合物20(465mg)无需纯化直接由于下一步反应。
10、化合物I合成:
将化合物20(465mg,0.55mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃/甲醇/水(2mL/0.5mL/0.5mL),冷却至0℃,往其中滴加氢氧化锂溶液(1.1mL,1M水溶液)。
在搅拌下,反应液逐步升至室温,持续搅拌2h。浓缩除去溶剂,以盐酸水溶液(1M)调pH=2-3,然后以乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×2),合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(50mL)。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩,得粗品酸(380mg),直接用于下一步缩合反应。
将粗产物酸(380mg,0.55mmol)和4-氨基2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物(97mg,0.57mmol)溶解于干燥二氯甲烷(5mL),冷却至0℃。往上述溶液中加入HATU(232mg,0.61mmol),DIEA(121mg,0.94mmol)。
反应液逐步升至室温,搅拌3h,浓缩除去有机溶剂,加入稀盐酸(20Ml,1M),乙酸乙酯萃取(30mL×2),合并有机相,以饱和氯化钠水溶液洗涤(50mL)。分液,收集有机相,干燥、浓缩。剩余物经硅胶柱层析初步纯化后进行HPLC制备得到化合物I(83mg)三步收率18%。
目标分子结构含有氮氧自由基,因其顺磁性特性,无法利用常规核磁进行表征。方法是以抗坏血酸将氮氧自由基还原为氮羟基,从而进行核磁表征。同时对于两个分子都进行了质谱的表征。结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)ppm 7.33-7.29(m,6H),7.21-7.15(m,4H),5.63-5.49(m,4H),5.27-5.09(m,4H),4.55-4.46(m,3H),4.15-4.12(m,3H),3.48-3.09(m,8H),2.78-2.75(m,2H),2.30-2.20(m,4H),1.89-1.73(m,5H),1.56-1.49(m,4H),1.42-1.33(m,10H),1.26-1.13(m,12H),0.99-0.95(m,6H),0.87(d,J=6.4Hz,6H)
化合物I MS(ESI):959.6[M+1]+;氮羟基化合物:960.8[M+1]+
也即,本实施例制备获得的化合物包含以下结构:
其中,上述各化合物的名称分别为:
化合物1:(S)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid,N-叔丁氧羰基-L-脯氨酸;
化合物2:(S)-tert-butyl 2-(((R)-1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate,(S)-叔丁基2-(((R)-1-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-氧代-2-丁基)氨基甲酰基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸;
化合物3:(R)-2-((S)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid,(R)-2-((S)-1-(叔丁氧羰基)吡咯烷-2-甲酰氨基)-3-甲基丁酸;
化合物4:(S)-2-amino-5-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)pentanoic acid,(S)-2-氨基-5-((苄氧基羰基)氨基)戊酸;
化合物5:(S)-methyl 2-amino-5-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)pentanoatehydrochloride,(S)-2-氨基-5-((苄氧羰基)氨基)戊酸甲酯盐酸盐;
化合物6:(S)-tert-butyl2-(((R)-1-(((S)-5-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-1-methoxy-1-oxopentan-2-yl)amino)-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate,(S)-叔丁基2-(((R)-1-(((s)-5-(((苄氧基)羰基)氨基)-1-甲氧基-1-氧代-2-戊基)氨基)-3-甲基-1-氧代-2-丁基)氨基甲酰基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸;
化合物7:but-3-yn-1-ol,3-炔-1-丁醇;
化合物8:(but-3-yn-1-yloxy)(tert-butyl)diphenylsilane,(3-炔-1-丁基氧基)叔丁基二苯基硅醚;
化合物9:3-methylbutanal,3-甲基丁醛;
化合物10:(R)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide,(R)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺;
化合物11:(R,E)-2-methyl-N-(3-methylbutylidene)propane-2-sulfinamide,(R)-((E)-异戊亚胺)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺;
化合物12:(R)-N-((S,E)-8-((tert-butyldiphenylsilyl)oxy)-2-methyloct-5-en-4-yl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide,8-叔丁基二苯硅氧基-2-甲基-5-辛烯-(S)-4-氮-(R)-叔丁基亚磺酰胺;
化合物13:(S)-methyl 5-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-2-((R)-3-methyl-2-((S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)butanamido)pentanoate,(S)-5-((苄氧羰基)氨基)-2-((R)-3-甲基-2((S)-吡咯烷-2-甲酰胺基)-丁酰胺基)戊酸甲酯;
化合物14:(S,E)-tert-butyl(8-hydroxy-2-methyloct-5-en-4-yl)carbamate,(S,E)-叔丁基-(8-羟基-2-甲基-5-辛烯)氨基甲酸酯;
化合物15:(S,E)-5-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-7-methyloct-3-enoicacid,(S,E)-5-((叔丁基羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3辛烯酸;
化合物16:(S)-4-benzyloxazolidin-2-one,(S)-4-苄基-3-恶唑烷酮;
化合物17:tert-butyl((S,E)-8-((S)-4-benzyl-2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)-2-methyl-8-oxooct-5-en-4-yl)carbamate,叔丁基((S,E)-8-((S)-4-苄基-2-唑烷酮)-2-甲基-8-羰基-5-烯基)-氨基甲酸酯;
化合物18:tert-butyl((4S,7S,E)-7-benzyl-8-((S)-4-benzyl-2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)-2-methyl-8-oxooct-5-en-4-yl)carbamate,叔丁基((4S,7S,E)-7-苄基—8-((S)-4-苄基-唑烷酮)-2-甲基-8-羰基-5-烯基)-氨基甲酸酯;
化合物19:(2S,5S,E)-2-benzyl-5-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-7-methyloct-3-enoic acid,(2S,5S,E)-2-苄基-5-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3-辛烯酸;
化合物20:(S)-methyl 2-((R)-2-((S)-1-((2S,5S,E)-2-benzyl-5-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-7-methyloct-3-enoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanamido)-5-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)pentanoate,(S)-2-((R)-2-((S)-1-(2S,5S,E)-2-苄基-5-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-7-甲基-3-辛烯)吡咯烷基-2-甲酰胺基)-3-甲基丁酰胺基)-5-((苄氧羰基)氨基)戊酸甲酯。
实施例2理化性质测定
1、pH稳定性考察
配制pH分别为pH 1.2和8.0缓冲液,具体如下:
pH=1.2盐酸溶液:取765ul浓盐酸于容量瓶,稀释至100ml,即得。
pH=8.0磷酸盐缓冲溶液:0.2mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(溶液A):取磷酸二氢钾2.722g,加水溶解,并稀释至100ml;0.2mol/L氢氧化钠溶液(溶液B):取氢氧化钠800mg,加水溶解,并稀释至100ml;取溶液A 25ml,溶液B 23.05ml,加水稀释至100ml,即得。
孵育设计和实施如下:
化合物I储备液配制:将1g实施例1制备获得的化合物I溶于容量瓶中,加乙腈至10ml,得到浓度为100mg/ml标准溶液。
然后,于37℃预孵3min的10ml缓冲溶液中加入10.0μL的化合物I储备液,使其终浓度为100μg/mL。分别在反应t=0、1、4和20小时后,取样300μL,上机测试。均采用LC-MS标准曲线法检测含量。
在以上不同时间点采集相关收据,结果发现,化合物I色谱峰面积及保留时间均无明显变化。结果表明,实施例1制备获得的化合物I在不同pH的缓冲液中稳定性良好(见图1-2)。
如图1-2所示,化合物I在pH 8.0和1.2值情况下的稳定性,化合物4个小时内酸性和碱性条件下,都比较稳定的;而20小时后,酸性条件下化合物I有部分分解。
2、缓冲液中溶解度测试
将10mg化合物I固体(实施例1制备获得的)加入10ml缓冲溶液中,使之过饱和,加盖拧紧,在37℃下恒温搅拌24h。静置,取上清液,过滤上机测试。采用LC-MS标准曲线法检测含量,与标准曲线对照,从而计算各个pH缓冲液中的溶解度。在pH=7.4的情况下,化合物I的溶解度为0.6mg/mL。
结果表明,相对化合物XJB-5-131,本发明的化合物I在溶解度有较大提高,将有助于药物吸收。
实施例3化合物I对Erastin诱导HT 1080细胞铁凋亡(Ferroptosis)有抑制作用
将稀释好的细胞加至96孔板中贴壁生长后,加入10μMErastin诱导HT1080细胞铁凋亡(Ferroptosis)状态,然后加入不同浓度下的化合物I,每个浓度6孔孵育24h后,用CTG(CellTiter-Glo)的方法检测细胞活力,得到化合物I的半数最大有效浓度为EC50=275.2nM。
实验结果表明:化合物I对Erastin诱导HT1080细胞诱导铁死亡的抑制作,表明我们的化合物I具有靶向线粒体,能够消除细胞内产生的自由基(见图3)。
实施例4双氧水诱导ARPE细胞死亡
将稀释好的细胞加至96孔板中,贴壁生长后,加入不同浓度的H2O2(300μmol/L),正常组加入培养基,每个浓度6孔。贴壁生长后,加入不同浓度的药物(1×10-10~1×10-5mol/L),每个浓度6孔,对照组加入等体积的DMSO和培养液混合液(不含药物)。加入H2O2(30%和50%左右增殖抑制率的浓度),37℃下孵育一定时间后,再加入MTT溶液后孵育4h/37℃,倒出大部分培养液,再加入100mL DMSO溶解紫色结晶体,酶标仪读值得出OD值。
实验结果表明:化合物I对双氧水的损伤ARPE-19细胞有恢复作用(见图4)。如图4所示,在300μmol/L双氧水的诱导下,化合物I对ARPE-19细胞的恢复作用。
实施例5干性老年性黄斑病变(Dry-AMD)检测
通过对24只SD大鼠检疫结束后,进行视觉电生理检测并记录FERG。根据FERG b波振幅将动物随机分三组(n=8),正常组,模型组,化合物I治疗组(I组,以实施例1制备获得的化合物I进行给药)。模型组和治疗组造模,用10000Lux白色冷光源光照箱中光照8h,光照结束后,将动物转移实验动物房正常饲养。建模成功后,正常组和模型组分别玻璃体给予空白生理盐水,化合物I治疗组(I组,以实施例1制备获得的化合物I进行给药)分别玻璃体给予0.1mg/kg。通过FERG波振幅,连续观察两周时间,记录a波和b波振幅。两周之后,动物处死后进行取材,行HE染色切片观察视网膜厚度变化等。
结果表明:在0.05mM的浓度下,化合物I的b波振幅变化值比模型组有显著性差异(见图5)。如图5所示,SD大鼠在白光光照8h情况下,化合物I在0.05mM的情况对b波有显著性差异,说明化合物I能够保护视网膜细胞的凋亡。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (5)
2.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,包含权利要求1所述的化合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,进一步包括药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂、稀释剂、辅剂、媒介物或它们的任意组合。
4.权利要求1所述的化合物或者权利要求2或3所述的药物组合物在制备药物中的用途,所述药物用于预防或治疗神经退行性疾病。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于,所述神经退行性疾病包括干性老年性黄斑病,青光眼,创伤性脑损伤,肌萎缩性侧索硬化症,阿尔兹海默症,帕金森氏病,亨廷顿氏病。
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US11839597B2 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2023-12-12 | Flamel Ireland Limited | Modified release gamma-hydroxybutyrate formulations having improved pharmacokinetics |
US11896572B2 (en) | 2016-07-22 | 2024-02-13 | Flamel Ireland Limited | Modified release gamma-hydroxybutyrate formulations having improved pharmacokinetics |
US11779557B1 (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2023-10-10 | Flamel Ireland Limited | Modified release gamma-hydroxybutyrate formulations having improved pharmacokinetics |
US12138239B2 (en) | 2023-12-06 | 2024-11-12 | Flamel Ireland Limited | Modified release gamma-hydroxybutyrate formulations having improved pharmacokinetics |
US12144793B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 | 2024-11-19 | Flamel Ireland Limited | Modified release gamma-hydroxybutyrate formulations having improved pharmacokinetics |
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