CN106849283B - A kind of battery modules flexible connection protective device - Google Patents
A kind of battery modules flexible connection protective device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106849283B CN106849283B CN201710243246.5A CN201710243246A CN106849283B CN 106849283 B CN106849283 B CN 106849283B CN 201710243246 A CN201710243246 A CN 201710243246A CN 106849283 B CN106849283 B CN 106849283B
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H02J7/0026—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of battery modules be flexibly connected protective device, for realizing differentiation retired battery modules in groups and realize echelon battery utilize.The battery modules flexible connection protective device has control and protection unit; it is able to detect cell voltage and battery charging and discharging electric current and is judged; when cell voltage is greater than cell voltage protection threshold value or battery charging and discharging electric current is greater than charging and discharging currents protection threshold value, battery is exited, battery is protected；It when the cell voltage is greater than cell voltage rated value in a certain range, but is not above cell voltage protection threshold value, is discharged by discharge resistance battery, reduces cell voltage to normal working range.The invention further relates to a kind of battery pack, the battery pack is sequentially connected in series by the way that multiple battery modules are flexibly connected protective device using the battery modules.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy, in particular to a flexible connection protection device for a battery module.
Background
According to the development and planning of electric vehicles, the production capacity of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles reaches 200 thousands of vehicles and the accumulated production and sales volume exceeds 500 thousands of vehicles by 2020. These electric vehicles will produce a large number of retired power batteries. Although the retired battery is not suitable for being used on an electric automobile, the retired battery still has energy storage with the rated capacity of about 80%, and can be applied to other fields, and serious energy waste is caused if the retired battery is directly discarded. Therefore, in order to fully utilize the value of the power battery and save social resources, the retired power battery needs to be utilized in a graded manner.
Whether new batteries or retired power batteries, battery grouping technology is the key to the large-scale application of power batteries. When constructing a power battery assembly of an electric automobile or an energy storage device, firstly, a plurality of single battery cores are fixed in series-parallel connection in a welding mode to form a battery module, and then the plurality of battery modules are connected in series-parallel connection through conductors to form the whole battery assembly. Although different manufacturers define different capacities and voltage levels for battery modules and may define a plurality of layers of battery modules, the battery modules are generally understood as basic units constituting a battery, which are easily physically separated from the battery. Generally, the voltage level of the battery module is several tens of volts, and the capacity is several hundreds of ampere hours.
The primary factor affecting the echelon utilization economy of a retired power battery is the degree of disassembly of the battery assembly (battery pack). According to the existing production practice, if the battery packs welded into a whole in the retired power battery are disassembled into single battery cells one by one, then screening, matching and recombination are carried out, and the recovery cost is close to the purchase of a new battery due to the complex process, the echelon utilization of the technical route is determined to be uneconomical and scientific. But flexible grouping for battery modules is a reasonable way to retire the power battery echelon utilization if the connection conductors are simply removed. Therefore, flexible group connection is carried out to the nonconformity of battery module, has just become the key problem that retired power battery echelon utilized.
In the grouping use of power batteries, the problem of differential management caused by the inconsistency of battery modules needs to be solved. During use of a battery, the consistency of the battery is constantly deteriorating over time, depending on a number of factors, including: production consistency, use environment, charge and discharge intensity, instantaneous discharge and the like. Especially for retired batteries, the problems of increased pressure difference among grouped batteries, serious heating of single-group batteries and the like are often caused due to differences of materials, processes and transportation working conditions, flexible connection is needed, and the normal operation of the whole battery pack is ensured by a balance control protection means.
At present, the domestic and foreign research on the ex-service battery echelon battery pack is still in the initial stage of research, development and design, and is not popularized on a large scale. The patent application with the application number of 201510584801.1 discloses a maintenance device for a echelon battery pack, which can realize the wide-range input and output of direct-current voltage and greatly reduce the voltage and current ripples; the circuit has rapid dynamic response, has various modes of constant voltage, constant current, constant voltage first and constant current second and the like, and meets the requirements of different types of battery packs. Patent application No. 201610601656.8 discloses a communication base station lithium iron phosphate battery echelon utilization charging and discharging system and a control method, which comprises the following steps: the controller controls the echelon battery system when the communication base station loses power, and the echelon battery system automatically provides a power supply for communication equipment in the communication base station; in the electricity consumption valley period, the controller controls the bidirectional energy storage converter, the bidirectional energy storage converter charges and stores energy for the echelon battery system and provides a power supply for the communication base station; and in the peak period of power utilization, the controller controls the bidirectional energy storage converter, and the bidirectional energy storage converter releases energy in the echelon battery system to serve as a power grid support and provide charging service for the electric automobile. Patent application with application number 200710077318.X discloses a battery pack protection device, which comprises a primary protection unit and can protect the battery pack when overcharging and overdischarging occur. The patent application with application number 201010219234.7 discloses a battery discharge protection device, which solves the problems existing in the prior art that the discharge loop of the battery supplies power to the load in an oscillating way, so that the load is greatly damaged, and the service life of the battery is shortened. Patent application No. 201510560800.3 discloses a short-circuit protection device for limiting a current IE which can be output by a battery string branch comprising at least one battery string unit, the output current IA being able to be conducted via two network terminals through an electrical consumer network, a switching element being arranged in a first current circuit via the battery string branch, the network terminals and the electrical consumer network, with which switching element the current IE can be interrupted, the short-circuit protection device further having a comparison means for comparing the magnitude of the output current IA with a predefinable setpoint value IS. The short-circuit protection device also has an inductance, via which an output current IA flowing through the inductance can be regulated, and a bridging device, which IS arranged to be able to bridge at least one battery cell of the battery string branch and whose setpoint value IS can be limited to a predeterminable maximum value of the short-circuit current IK. Document WO-2010/089338a2 discloses a device for limiting direct current in a high-energy direct current network, the short-circuit protection device limiting the current using an ohmic resistor which is connected into the energy path by means of fast current monitoring and power semiconductors. The current output by the battery branch is limited in a purely digital manner by the connection/bridging of the resistors. Document US 6246214B 1 discloses a protection circuit for battery pack charging, comprising a field effect transistor which can limit the current flow when the battery pack is charged or discharged. The circuit additionally includes a discharge regulation system coupled to the field effect transistor and capable of determining an excessive current flow in the system and accordingly transmitting a signal to the field effect transistor to limit the current flow.
In summary, the above solutions have problems of high cost, lack of overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions, or no voltage-sharing control. Therefore, there is a need for a flexible connection protection device that is low in cost, can simultaneously realize overvoltage and overcurrent protection and equalization control functions, and can realize grouping of differentiated retired battery modules and utilization of battery in a stepped manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a can realize overvoltage and overcurrent protection simultaneously to battery module flexonics protection device who has balanced control function, thereby realize that differentiated retired battery module is in groups and realize echelon battery and utilize.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery module flexible connection protection device, which includes: the device comprises a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1), a sampling resistor (R2), a discharge resistor (R3), a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1), a discharge electronic switch (G3), a first power electronic switch (G1) and an anti-parallel diode (D1) integrated in the first power electronic switch, a second power electronic switch (G2) and an anti-parallel diode (D2) integrated in the second power electronic switch, a first relay (K1), a second relay (K2), a third relay (K3) and a control protection unit;
wherein,
one end of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1);
one end of the sampling resistor (R2) is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and the other end of the sampling resistor (R2) is connected with the first relay (K1) and the third relay (K3);
one end of the discharge resistor (R3) is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end of the discharge resistor (R3) is connected with the drain electrode of the electronic switch (G3) for discharging;
one end of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1) is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1), and the other end of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
the drain electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) is connected with the third relay (K3), and the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) is connected with the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2);
the source electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G3578) is connected with the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1);
the drain electrode of the electronic switch (G3) for discharging is connected with the discharge resistor (R3), and the source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
one end of the first relay (K1) is connected with the sampling resistor (R2), and the other end of the first relay (K1) is connected with the second relay (K2), the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) and the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2);
one end of the second relay (K2) is connected with the first relay (K1), the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) and the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2), and the other end of the second relay (K2) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
one end of the third relay (K3) is connected with the sampling resistor (R2), and the other end of the third relay is connected with the drain electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1);
the first port and the second port of the control protection unit are respectively connected with two ends of a sampling resistor (R2), the third port is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the input of the control protection unit is battery voltage (V1) and terminal voltage (V2) of the sampling resistor (R2) through the first port to the third port; the output of the control protection unit is a gate control signal of a first power electronic switch (G1), a second power electronic switch (G2) and a discharge electronic switch (G3) and a control signal of a first relay (K1), a second relay (K2) and a third relay (K3);
the first port and the second port of the charging and discharging access end of the battery module flexible connection protection device are respectively connected to two ends of a second relay (K2) to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery module flexible connection protection device.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) is a power resistor;
the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1) is a film capacitor;
the sampling resistor (R2) is a high-power alloy sampling resistor;
the discharge resistor (R3) is a high-power resistor;
the first power electronic switch (G1), the second power electronic switch (G2) and the electronic switch for discharging (G3) are mosfets;
the first relay (K1), the second relay (K2) and the third relay (K3) are magnetic latching relays.
The control protection unit is realized based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit.
Further, the control protection unit is realized based on a digital processing chip.
The battery module flexible connection protection device has the following working states:
and (3) charging and discharging states: the first relay (K1) is closed, and other switches are all opened;
a bypass state: the second relay (K2) is closed, and other switches are all opened; and
voltage state equalization: the electronic switch for discharging (G3) is closed, the second relay (K2) is closed, and other switches are all opened.
Further, the control protection unit comprises the following functional modules:
the battery voltage threshold judging module is used for judging a voltage threshold;
the battery charging and discharging current threshold judging module is used for detecting the terminal voltage (V2) of the sampling resistor (R2) and judging the current threshold;
a power supply module connected to the battery voltage (V1) for obtaining the working voltage of the control protection unit through DC/DC conversion;
the logic control module is used for carrying out logic judgment based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit according to the input signal, generating gate control signals of the first power electronic switch, the second power electronic switch, the electronic switch for discharging and control signals of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay and the fourth relay, and adjusting the working state;
the communication module adopts communication chips such as RS485 or CAN and the like and is used for realizing communication with superior control and a battery BMS;
and the driving modules are used for converting the control signals into driving signals with certain power.
When the logic control module detects that the battery voltage (V1) is greater than the battery voltage protection threshold value, a bypass command is sent out, the conversion process from the charging state to the bypass state is executed, the battery is quitted, and the battery is protected;
when the logic control module detects that the current (I) is greater than the discharge current protection threshold value, a bypass command is sent out, the conversion process from the discharge state to the bypass state is executed, the battery is quitted, and the battery is protected;
when the control protection unit detects that the battery voltage (V1) is larger than the rated value of the battery voltage within a certain range but does not exceed the battery voltage protection threshold value, the control protection unit turns on an electronic switch (G3) for discharging, discharges the battery through a resistor (R3), and reduces the battery voltage to a normal working range.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, including a plurality of battery modules, a plurality of battery module flexible connection protection device and a DC/AC bidirectional converter, its characterized in that a plurality of battery modules pass through a plurality of battery module flexible connection protection device establish ties in proper order, and the output of the battery module combination that obtains after establishing ties passes through DC/AC bidirectional converter converts the commercial power into.
Preferably, the parameters of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1 and the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor R1 in each flexible connection device of the battery module are the same.
According to the scheme, the flexible connection problem of the battery modules can be well solved, the overvoltage and overcurrent protection is realized, and meanwhile, the balance control function is also realized, so that differentiated retired battery modules are grouped and graded battery utilization is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a flexible connection protection device for a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural view of a control protection unit in the flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of connecting a plurality of battery modules using the battery module flexible connection protection device of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the inventive concept will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the flexible connection protection device for a battery module includes: the device comprises a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor R1, a sampling resistor R2, a discharge resistor R3, a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1, an electronic switch G3 for discharging, a power electronic switch G1 and an anti-parallel diode D1 integrated inside the power electronic switch, a power electronic switch G2 and an anti-parallel diode D2 integrated inside the power electronic switch, relays K1, K2 and K3 and a control protection unit. One end of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor R1 is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor R1 is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1; one end of the sampling resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end is connected with the relay K1 and the relay K3; one end of the discharge resistor R3 is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end is connected with the drain of the electronic switch G3 for discharging; one end of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1 is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor R1, and the other end of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1 is connected with the cathode of the battery; the drain electrode of the electronic switch G3 for discharging is connected with the discharge resistor R3, and the source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the battery; the drain electrode of the power electronic switch G1 is connected with the relay K3, and the source electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the electronic switch G2; the source electrode of the power electronic switch G2 is connected with the cathode of the battery, and the drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of the power electronic switch G1; one end of the relay K1 is connected with the sampling resistor R2 and the relay K3, and the other end of the relay K2 is connected with the source electrodes of the relay K2 and the power electronic switch G1 and the drain electrode of the power electronic switch G2; one end of the relay K2 is connected with the sources of the relay K1 and the power electronic switch G1 and the drain of the power electronic switch G2, and the other end is connected with the cathode of the battery; one end of the relay K3 is connected with the sampling resistor R2, and the other end of the relay K3 is connected with the drain electrode of the power electronic switch G1; the first port and the second port of the control protection unit are respectively connected with two ends of a sampling resistor R2, the third port is connected with the cathode of the battery, and the input of the control protection unit is battery voltage V1 and terminal voltage V2 of the sampling resistor R2 through the first to third ports. The first port and the second port of the charging and discharging access end of the battery module flexible connection protection device are respectively connected to two ends of a second relay K2 to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery module flexible connection protection device.
The flexible connection protection device for the battery module in fig. 1 has three working states during working, which are respectively: the charging and discharging state, the bypass state and the balanced voltage state, and the state combination of each circuit element in different working states is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| K1 | K2 | K3 | G1 | G2 | G3 | Status of state |
| Closure is provided | Disconnect | Disconnect | Disconnect | Disconnect | Disconnect | Charge and discharge |
| Disconnect | Closure is provided | Disconnect | Disconnect | Disconnect | Disconnect | Bypass path |
| Disconnect | Closure is provided | Disconnect | Disconnect | Disconnect | Closure is provided | Equalizing voltage |
And (3) charging and discharging states: k1 is closed, other switches are all opened, and the battery is in a charging and discharging state. When the battery is in a charging state, current flows into the battery end, and V2 is greater than 0. When the battery is in a discharging state, current flows out of the battery, V2 is less than 0, and V2 is the voltage at two ends of the sampling resistor R2.
A bypass state: k2 is closed and the other switches are open. The bypass state may be used to protect the battery or to replace the battery.
Voltage state equalization: the electronic discharge switch G3 is closed, K2 is closed, and the other switches are all open. When the battery terminal voltage exceeds a set value, the battery is discharged through the discharge resistor R3, and the battery terminal voltage is reduced to an allowable range.
The battery module flexible connection protection device can also be switched among a charge-discharge state, a bypass state and an equilibrium voltage state, and the switching process is as follows:
1. transition from bypass state to charge state:
closing K3 → turning on G2 → opening K2 → turning off G2 → closing K1 → opening K3, and the conversion process is completed. During the transition, both D1 and G2 are turned on for short periods (tens of milliseconds), eliminating the need for a heat sink.
2. Transition from bypass state to discharge state:
closing K3 → opening K2 → conducting G1 → closing K1 → closing G1, and the conversion process is completed. During the transition, both D2 and G1 are turned on for short periods (tens of milliseconds), eliminating the need for a heat sink.
3. The conversion process between the charge and discharge states:
since the K1 closed state is in the charging (discharging) state, the charging and discharging conversion is naturally carried out.
4. The charging state is converted into a bypass state:
closing K3 → opening K1 → turning on G2 → closing K2 → turning off G2 → opening K3, and the conversion process is completed.
5. The discharge state is converted into a bypass state:
closing K3 → turning on G1 → opening K1 → turning off G1 → closing K2 → opening K3, and the conversion process is completed.
Here, whether the battery is in a charged or discharged state is determined by the polarity of V2. When V2 is positive, state of charge; when V2 is negative, a discharge state.
During the transition process between a plurality of states, the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1 can play a role in stabilizing voltage.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a control protection unit in the flexible connection protection device for battery module of fig. 1, which can be implemented based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit, and has inputs of a battery voltage V1, a terminal voltage V2 of a sampling resistor R2, and outputs of gate control signals G2, G3 of power electronic switches G1, G2, and a discharging electronic switch G3; control signals K1, K2 and K3 of relays K1, K2 and K3. The control protection unit is divided into the following functional modules according to functions:
the battery voltage threshold value judging module is used for judging a voltage threshold value;
the battery charging and discharging current I threshold judging module is used for detecting the terminal voltage V2 of the sampling resistor R2 and judging a current threshold;
the power module is connected with the battery voltage V1 and obtains the working voltage of the control protection unit through DC/DC conversion, and the working voltage is generally 5V;
the logic control module is used for carrying out logic judgment based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit according to the input signal, generating control signals of the power electronic switch and the relay and adjusting the working state;
the communication module adopts communication chips such as RS485 or CAN and the like to realize communication with superior control and battery BMS;
and the plurality of driving modules are used for converting the control signals into driving signals with certain power.
When the logic control module detects that the battery voltage V1 is greater than the battery voltage protection threshold value, a bypass command is sent out, the process of converting the charging state into the bypass state is executed, the battery is quitted, and the battery is protected.
And when the logic control module detects that the current I is greater than the discharge current protection threshold value, a bypass command is sent out, the conversion process from the discharge state to the bypass state is executed, the battery is quitted, and the battery is protected.
When the control protection unit detects that the battery voltage V1 is larger than the rated value of the battery voltage within a certain range but does not exceed the battery voltage protection threshold value, the electronic switch G3 for discharging is turned on, the battery is discharged through the resistor R3, and the battery voltage is reduced to a normal working range.
Preferably, the main components of the flexible connection protection device are: :
the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor R1 is a 10-ohm power resistor;
the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor C1 is a film capacitor with 100V 8000 uF;
a sampling resistor R2, which is a high-power alloy sampling resistor of 0.05m omega;
a discharge resistor R3, which is a high-power resistor of 100 omega;
the electronic switch G3 for discharging, the power electronic switches G1 and G2 all adopt mosfets of 150V/120A;
relays K1, K2 and K3 adopt 200A magnetic latching relays;
and the control protection unit adopts a control protection unit based on a digital processing chip.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of connecting a plurality of battery modules using the battery module flexible connection protection device of fig. 1. For example, there are 14 retired battery modules, and the dc voltage at each port is 48V. 14 retired battery modules are connected in series through 14 flexible connection protection devices to form a direct-current voltage port of 0-672%, and then the direct-current voltage port is converted into AC380V commercial power through a DC/AC bidirectional converter. The bidirectional converter of DC 672V/AC380V is a conventional product in the industry market.
When a plurality of battery modules are connected in series through the flexible connection protection device, the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitors C1 and the dynamic voltage-sharing resistors R1 with the same parameters can play a role in distributing the average voltage.
The beneficial effect of this application does:
the flexible connection of the battery module is realized by controlling the conversion between the bypass exit state and the access (charge-discharge) state, so that the battery module can be replaced without stopping the whole machine;
the control is converted into a bypass exit mechanism, so that overcurrent and overvoltage protection of the battery module is realized;
the voltage-sharing function of a plurality of battery modules in series connection can be realized through the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor;
the voltage of the battery module can be adjusted through discharge control, and the balance control function is realized;
the flexible connection can be compatible with different types of battery modules for use in groups;
the standard structure, the control is simple, and the cost is low;
grouping of differentiated retired battery modules can be achieved, and echelon battery utilization is achieved;
the scheme can well solve the problem of flexible connection of the battery module, and is a better scheme for solving the problem of how to convert a 12V or 48V standard battery module into mains supply alternating current 380V.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a battery module flexonics protection device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1), a sampling resistor (R2), a discharge resistor (R3), a dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1), a discharge electronic switch (G3), a first power electronic switch (G1) and an anti-parallel diode (D1) integrated in the first power electronic switch, a second power electronic switch (G2) and an anti-parallel diode (D2) integrated in the second power electronic switch, a first relay (K1), a second relay (K2), a third relay (K3) and a control protection unit;
wherein,
one end of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end of the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1);
one end of the sampling resistor (R2) is connected with the positive electrode of the battery, and the other end of the sampling resistor (R2) is connected with the first relay (K1) and the third relay (K3);
one end of the discharge resistor (R3) is connected with the anode of the battery, and the other end of the discharge resistor (R3) is connected with the drain electrode of the electronic switch (G3) for discharging;
one end of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1) is connected with the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1), and the other end of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
the drain electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) is connected with the third relay (K3), and the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) is connected with the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2);
the source electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G3578) is connected with the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1);
the drain electrode of the electronic switch (G3) for discharging is connected with the discharge resistor (R3), and the source electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
one end of the first relay (K1) is connected with the sampling resistor (R2), and the other end of the first relay (K1) is connected with the second relay (K2), the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) and the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2);
one end of the second relay (K2) is connected with the first relay (K1), the source electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1) and the drain electrode of the second power electronic switch (G2), and the other end of the second relay (K2) is connected with the negative electrode of the battery;
one end of the third relay (K3) is connected with the sampling resistor (R2), and the other end of the third relay is connected with the drain electrode of the first power electronic switch (G1);
the first port and the second port of the control protection unit are respectively connected with two ends of a sampling resistor (R2), the third port is connected with the negative electrode of the battery, and the input of the control protection unit is battery voltage (V1) and terminal voltage (V2) of the sampling resistor (R2) through the first port to the third port; the output of the control protection unit is a gate control signal of a first power electronic switch (G1), a second power electronic switch (G2) and a discharge electronic switch (G3) and a control signal of a first relay (K1), a second relay (K2) and a third relay (K3);
the first port and the second port of the charging and discharging access end of the battery module flexible connection protection device are respectively connected to two ends of a second relay (K2) to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery module flexible connection protection device.
2. The flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) is a power resistor;
the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1) is a film capacitor;
the sampling resistor (R2) is a milliohm pole sampling resistor;
the discharge resistor (R3) is a power resistor;
the first power electronic switch (G1), the second power electronic switch (G2) and the electronic switch for discharging (G3) are all mosfets;
the first relay (K1), the second relay (K2) and the third relay (K3) are all magnetic latching relays.
3. The flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the control protection unit is realized based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit.
4. The flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the control protection unit is realized based on a digital processing chip.
5. The flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible connection protection device for the battery module is provided with the following working states:
and (3) charging and discharging states: the first relay (K1) is closed, and other switches are all opened;
a bypass state: the second relay (K2) is closed, and other switches are all opened;
voltage state equalization: the electronic switch for discharging (G3) is closed, the second relay (K2) is closed, and other switches are all opened.
6. The flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to claim 5, wherein: the control protection unit comprises the following functional modules:
the battery voltage threshold judging module is used for judging a voltage threshold;
the battery charging and discharging current threshold judging module is used for detecting the terminal voltage (V2) of the sampling resistor (R2) and judging the current threshold;
a power supply module connected to the battery voltage (V1) for obtaining the working voltage of the control protection unit through DC/DC conversion;
the logic control module is used for carrying out logic judgment based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit according to the input signal, generating gate control signals of the first power electronic switch, the second power electronic switch, the electronic switch for discharging and control signals of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay and the fourth relay, and adjusting the working state;
the communication module adopts an RS485 or CAN communication chip and is used for realizing communication with superior control and a battery BMS;
and the driving modules are used for converting the control signals into driving signals with certain power.
7. The flexible connection protection device for battery modules according to claim 6, wherein:
the logic control module carries out logic judgment based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit according to the input signal, generates gate control signals of the first power electronic switch, the second power electronic switch, the electronic switch for discharging and control signals of the first relay, the second relay and the third relay, and adjusts the working state specifically as follows:
when the logic control module detects that the battery voltage (V1) is greater than the battery voltage protection threshold value, a bypass command is sent out, the conversion process from the charging state to the bypass state is executed, the battery is quitted, and the battery is protected;
when the logic control module detects that the current (I) is greater than the discharge current protection threshold value, a bypass command is sent out, the conversion process from the discharge state to the bypass state is executed, the battery is quitted, and the battery is protected;
when the control protection unit detects that the battery voltage (V1) is greater than the rated value of the battery voltage but does not exceed the battery voltage protection threshold value, the control protection unit turns on an electronic switch (G3) for discharging, discharges the battery through a resistor (R3), and reduces the battery voltage to a normal working range.
8. A battery pack comprising a plurality of battery modules, a plurality of flexible connection protectors for the battery modules according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and a DC/AC bidirectional converter, wherein the plurality of battery modules are connected in series in sequence by the flexible connection protectors for the battery modules, and an output of a battery module combination obtained after the series connection is converted into commercial power by the DC/AC bidirectional converter.
9. The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the parameters of the dynamic voltage-sharing capacitor (C1) and the dynamic voltage-sharing resistor (R1) in each of the battery module flexible connection devices are the same.
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| CN110954839A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-03 | 肇庆理士电源技术有限公司 | Control method, system, equipment and storage medium for discharge detection of storage battery |
| CN111816941A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-23 | 兰州兰石恩力微电网有限公司 | Energy storage integrated system of retired lithium iron phosphate power battery |
| CN114865756B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-11 | 浙江大学 | Battery energy storage system, control method, energy storage system and computer equipment |
| CN116388345B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-11 | 西安为光能源科技有限公司 | Battery PACK circuit system and control method |
| CN116995788B (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2024-01-23 | 苏州清研精准汽车科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging equipment for detecting battery module and battery module detection method |
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