CN109274149B - Electrical energy exchange device, battery device and battery maintenance system - Google Patents
Electrical energy exchange device, battery device and battery maintenance system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109274149B CN109274149B CN201811160545.3A CN201811160545A CN109274149B CN 109274149 B CN109274149 B CN 109274149B CN 201811160545 A CN201811160545 A CN 201811160545A CN 109274149 B CN109274149 B CN 109274149B
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric energy exchange device, a battery device and a battery maintenance system. The electric energy exchange device includes: a charge-discharge bus including a first port for connecting an external charging device; a power switching bus including a second port for power switching with an external power device; the single battery bidirectional equalization array is provided with a plurality of single battery bidirectional equalization modules; each single battery bidirectional equalization module is used for being connected with one single battery; the third port of the single battery charging and discharging module is connected with the charging and discharging bus; the fourth port is used for being connected with two ends of any single battery in the battery pack; the battery pack charging and discharging module and the fifth port can be selectively connected with a charging and discharging bus or a power exchange bus; the sixth port is used for being connected with two ends of the battery pack; and the power switch module is connected between the charge-discharge bus and the battery pack. The electric energy exchange equipment can repair the battery pack and improve the service efficiency of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery maintenance technologies, and in particular, to an electric energy exchange device, a battery device, and a battery maintenance system.
Background
With the development of new energy technology, the application of power batteries and energy storage batteries has been in deep in a plurality of fields. After the battery pack in the power battery or the energy storage battery is used after a period of charge and discharge, certain capacity difference can occur in each single battery constituting the battery pack. If these differences are not corrected in time, the overall charge-discharge cycle energy of the battery pack may be rapidly reduced, and may cause safety hazards to the battery pack. Practice has shown that the cycle life of the series-grouped battery pack is typically reduced by 30% -50% relative to the nominal cycle life of each individual cell comprising the battery pack. For this phenomenon, it is common in the industry to perform on-line partial charge and discharge of individual cells by a technique called cell balancing (or balancing) to maintain the capacity uniformity of the cells inside the battery pack. The traditional battery system integrates a battery equalization technology in an internal battery management automation system, but is influenced by space, cost and reliability, most of the systems adopt a scheme with weaker equalization capability, the equalization effect of the equalization is poorer, and when the equalization effect cannot meet the use requirement of a battery, the overall performance of a battery pack is influenced, so that the use rate of the battery is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide an electric energy exchange device, a battery apparatus and a battery maintenance system for the problem that the conventional battery system is limited in the equalization effect in use by objective factors, resulting in a reduction in the use rate.
An electrical energy exchange device for effecting electrical energy conversion between cells within a battery pack or between the battery pack and the outside, the electrical energy exchange device comprising:
A charge-discharge bus including a first port; the first connection port is used for connecting external charging equipment;
a power switching bus including a second port; the second connection port is used for carrying out power exchange with external power equipment;
The single battery bidirectional equalization array is provided with a plurality of single battery bidirectional equalization modules; each single battery bidirectional equalization module is used for being connected with one single battery;
The single battery charging and discharging module comprises a third port and a fourth port; the third port is connected with the charge-discharge bus; the fourth port is used for being connected with two ends of any single battery in the battery pack;
The battery pack charge-discharge module comprises a fifth port and a sixth port; the fifth port is selectively connectable with the charge-discharge bus or the power switching bus; the sixth port is used for being connected with two ends of the battery pack; and
And the power switch module is connected between the charge-discharge bus and the total positive electrode of the battery pack.
The single battery bidirectional equalization array in the electric energy exchange equipment can charge and discharge all the single batteries, and charge and discharge among different battery packs among the same battery packs are realized. The battery pack charging and discharging module can charge and discharge any battery cell in the battery pack through the charging and discharging bus by utilizing the external equipment, and can realize power exchange between the external equipment and the whole battery pack through the charging and discharging bus or the power exchange bus, so that energy exchange between batteries in the battery pack or electric energy exchange between the battery pack and the outside is finally realized, and further, battery equalization of the battery pack is realized, thereby repairing the battery pack is completed, and the service efficiency of the battery is improved.
In one embodiment, the maximum output current of the bidirectional equalization module of the single battery is smaller than the maximum output current of the charge-discharge module of the battery, and the maximum output current of the charge-discharge module of the battery is smaller than the maximum output current of the charge-discharge module of the single battery.
In one embodiment, the output current of the bidirectional balancing module of the single battery is less than 10 amperes, the maximum output current of the charging and discharging module of the battery pack is less than 20 amperes, and the maximum output current of the charging and discharging module of the single battery is less than 30 amperes.
In one embodiment, the single battery bidirectional equalization module, the battery pack charge-discharge module and the single battery charge-discharge module are all DC-DC bidirectional constant current conversion modules.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a gating module; the gating module is respectively connected with the charge-discharge bus, the power exchange bus and the battery pack charge-discharge module; the gating module is used for controlling the battery pack charging and discharging module to be connected with the charging and discharging bus or the battery pack charging and discharging module to be connected with the power exchange bus.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a battery power detection module and a control module; the battery electric quantity detection module is used for detecting the voltage of each single battery in the battery pack; the control module is respectively connected with the battery electric quantity detection module, the single battery bidirectional equalization array, the single battery charge-discharge module, the battery pack charge-discharge module and the power switch module; the control module is used for controlling the working states of the single battery bidirectional equalization array, the single battery charging and discharging module, the battery pack charging and discharging module and the power switch module according to the voltage of each single battery.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a battery alternating current internal resistance measurement module; the battery alternating current internal resistance measurement module is used for tracking and measuring the alternating current internal resistance of the battery pack or the single battery.
A battery device comprising a battery pack; the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries which are connected in series; the battery apparatus further includes an electrical energy exchange device; the electrical energy exchange device employs an electrical energy exchange device as in any of the preceding embodiments.
In one embodiment, the battery device further comprises a housing; the first port and the second port are secured to the housing.
A battery maintenance system comprising a controller, the battery maintenance system further comprising a plurality of electrical energy exchange devices employing an electrical energy exchange device according to any of the preceding embodiments; the charge and discharge buses in the electric energy exchange equipment are connected with each other and then are charged and discharged with external equipment through a total charge and discharge interface; the power exchange buses in the electric energy exchange devices are connected with each other and then exchange power with external devices through a total power exchange interface; the controller is used for controlling each electric energy exchange device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrical energy exchange device;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery maintenance system according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "formed on" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical energy exchange device 100 according to an embodiment. The electric energy exchange device 100 can realize electric energy conversion between the unit cells 12 in the battery pack 10 and electric energy exchange between the battery pack 10 and external devices. The battery pack 10 may be an independent battery pack, or may be a sub-string divided by a predetermined number when the number of batteries is large, and having disconnection for individual maintenance. The electrical energy exchange device 100 includes a charge-discharge bus 110, a power exchange bus 120, a cell bidirectional equalization array 130, a cell charge-discharge module 140, a battery pack charge-discharge module 150, and a power switch module 160.
The charge/discharge bus 110 is mainly used for providing charge/discharge current to the battery pack 10 or a certain unit cell 12 in the battery pack 10. The charge-discharge bus 110 includes a first port 112. The first port 112 is for connection with an external charging device. The external device may be an external power supply device or an external powered device. The external power supply device may provide a charging current to the charging and discharging bus 110, and the external power consumption device may be used as a discharging device of the charging and discharging bus 110. For example, the external power supply device may be a power supply device such as a charger, and the external power consumption device may be a load. The external device can also be other battery packs which are maintained at the same time, so that the charging and discharging of the other battery packs which are connected are realized. Thus, the external battery pack can be used as both a power supply device and a powered device, depending on the control mode. It will be appreciated that the external electric device and the external power supply device may be other electric energy exchange devices, that is, one electric energy exchange device discharges another electric energy exchange device, or the other electric energy exchange device charges the electric energy exchange device, so as to rapidly increase or decrease the electric energy of the single battery 12 or the battery pack 10, thereby accelerating the maintenance efficiency of the battery. And an electric energy exchange system can be formed between the electric energy exchange devices, so that a plurality of battery packs are maintained in parallel.
The power switching bus 120 includes a second port 122. The second port 122 is used for power exchange with an external device, that is, the power exchange bus 120 is used for implementing power exchange between the battery pack 10 and the external device. In the present embodiment, the power exchanging process is also realized by charging and discharging the battery pack 10. In this case, the external power device can also be a power-type external power supply device, an external consumer, or another electrical energy exchange device. In the present embodiment, by simultaneously providing the charge-discharge bus 110 and the power exchange bus 120, it is possible to realize power exchange between the battery pack 10 and external devices while rapidly charging and discharging the battery pack 10 or the unit cells 12 in the battery pack 10, thereby improving maintenance efficiency of the entire battery pack 10.
The cell bidirectional equalization array 130 includes a plurality of cell bidirectional equalization modules. Each single battery bidirectional equalization module is used for being connected with one single battery 12 to independently charge and discharge the single battery 12, so that electric energy exchange among different single batteries 12 is realized, the purpose of taking high and low is achieved, and active equalization of the battery pack 10 is realized. At this time, if the battery pack is a cabinet type, connection between the cell bidirectional equalization module and each cell 12 can be directly achieved. If the battery pack is provided with a maintenance interface matched with the electric energy exchange equipment in the scheme, the single battery bidirectional equalization module can be directly connected with each single battery through the maintenance interface. If the battery pack is packaged into a traditional battery pack, the battery pack needs to be unpacked to realize the connection. The number of cell bidirectional equalization modules in the cell bidirectional equalization array 130 may be greater than or equal to the number of cells 12 in the battery pack 10. Therefore, the electric energy exchange circuit can be suitable for the battery packs 10 with different numbers of single batteries 12, and has good adaptability.
The battery cell charge and discharge module 140 includes a third port and a fourth port. The third port is connected to the charge/discharge bus 110. The fourth port is used for connecting the two ends of any single battery 12 in the battery pack 10. Therefore, the battery cell charge and discharge module 140 may utilize the charge current provided on the charge and discharge bus 110 to charge the connected battery cell 12 alone or discharge the battery cell 12 alone through the charge and discharge bus 110, thereby realizing rapid charge and discharge of the battery cell 12 and improving maintenance efficiency.
The battery pack charge and discharge module 150 includes a fifth port and a sixth port. In the present embodiment, the fifth port can be selectively connected to the charge-discharge bus 110 or the power switching bus 120. The sixth port is connected to both ends of the battery pack 10, i.e., to the total positive electrode and the total negative electrode of the battery pack 10, respectively. The battery pack charge and discharge module 150 may charge and discharge the entire battery pack 10 through the charge and discharge bus 110 or perform power exchange with other external devices through the power exchange bus 120, thereby implementing adjustment of the electric energy of the battery pack 10.
The power switch module 150 is connected between the charge and discharge bus 110 and the total positive electrode of the battery pack 10. By controlling the opening and closing state of the power switch module 150, the connection between the battery pack 10 and the charge-discharge bus 110 can be controlled, so that the battery pack 10 can be directly charged and discharged through the charge-discharge bus 110.
The bidirectional cell balancing array 130 in the above-mentioned electric energy exchange device 100 can charge and discharge each cell 12, so as to realize charging and discharging between different battery packs with the battery pack 10. The battery cell charge-discharge module 140 can charge and discharge any battery cell 12 in the battery pack 10 through the charge-discharge bus 110 by using an external device, and the battery pack charge-discharge module 150 can charge and discharge the whole battery pack 10 through the charge-discharge bus 110 or the power exchange bus 120 by using the external device, so as to finally realize energy exchange between the batteries in the battery pack 10 or between the battery pack 10 and the outside, thereby realizing battery equalization of the battery pack 10, further completing repair of the battery pack 10, improving the service efficiency of the battery, and prolonging the service life of the battery. In addition, the charge-discharge bus 110 and the power exchange bus 120 are simultaneously provided in the above-mentioned electric energy exchange device 100, so that the battery pack 10 or the single battery 12 in the battery pack 10 can be rapidly charged and discharged, and meanwhile, the power exchange between the battery pack 10 and the external device can be realized, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of the whole battery. The electric energy exchange equipment can maintain the battery on line on the premise of not changing the existing battery pack serial architecture.
In general, in the process of balancing the battery, the larger the balancing current is, the better the balancing effect is. But high performance equalization systems mean more space, higher cost, excessive control nodes, and complex electrical connections. In many battery applications, which are limited in volume and cost, therefore, relatively simple equalization systems have to be employed. The electric energy exchange equipment is independent of the battery to be maintained, so that the electric energy exchange equipment can perform balanced maintenance on the batteries in different battery applications, and the requirements on space and cost in the battery application process are reduced.
In an embodiment, the maximum output current of the cell bidirectional equalization module is smaller than the maximum output current of the battery pack charge-discharge module 150. The maximum output current of the battery pack charge-discharge module 150 is smaller than the maximum output current of the unit cell charge-discharge module 140, that is, the maximum output current of the unit cell charge-discharge module 140 is maximized, thereby providing a possibility of rapid charge-discharge of the unit cell 12. In an embodiment, the cell bidirectional equalization module, the battery pack charge-discharge module 150, and the cell charge-discharge module 140 are all DC-DC bidirectional constant current conversion modules.
In one embodiment, the bidirectional equalizing module of the single battery is a bidirectional isolation DC-DC conversion module with medium power, the current value of the bidirectional isolation DC-DC conversion module can be controlled to be 0 ampere-10 ampere, and specific output can be controlled by a programming method and the like. Because the cell bidirectional equalization module is a relatively complex process, the equalization effect is not necessarily better as the equalization current is larger, and the line diameter of the connecting line for connecting the cell bidirectional equalization module and the cell 12 is not too high due to the space influence, so that the cell bidirectional equalization module is not suitable for selecting an excessive current. The bidirectional isolated DC-DC conversion module charges and discharges each of the cells 12 in the battery pack 10, so the cell bidirectional equalization array 130 may also be referred to as a bidirectional active equalization array. Specifically, the bidirectional isolation DC-DC conversion module comprises a transformer and a PWM switch, so that the voltage conversion from the primary to the secondary of the transformer is realized through the switching transformer and the PWM switch for controlling the transformer. One side of the transformer connected unit cells 12 is referred to as a battery side, and the other side is referred to as a bus side. The bidirectional isolation DC-DC conversion module can be a commonly used Buck (battery side) -Boost (bus side) switching power supply topological structure. The battery side of the bidirectional isolation DC-DC conversion module directly acts on the battery, the bus side can be connected into the charge-discharge bus 110 in a current-sharing parallel connection or other combination modes, and the discharge of any battery to other batteries or the charging of other batteries to the battery can be realized through intelligent scheduling of each bidirectional isolation DC-DC conversion module.
In one embodiment, the battery cell charge/discharge module 140 is a bi-directional or unidirectional DC-DC conversion module, which is mainly used for the operation of the battery cells 12 in the battery pack 10, and can rapidly charge or rapidly discharge the individual battery cells with special losses or with special full power. Therefore, when a small number of batteries with special power shortage or full power exist in one battery pack, only the whole battery pack needs to take a lot of time for charging and discharging and active balancing, and the single battery charging and discharging module 140 can synchronously charge and discharge the single batteries with large current, so that the single battery charging and discharging module can be matched with the whole battery pack as soon as possible, and the current value can be controlled to be 0-30 amperes. In addition, the battery cell charge-discharge module 140 may also repair (activate) the lagging battery by performing a high current impact on the battery (such as a lead-acid battery) with a specific chemical composition. The connection between the battery cell charge/discharge module 140 and the battery cell 12 may be performed automatically or manually by a user.
The output current of the battery pack charge and discharge module 150 is between 0 ampere and 20 ampere, and specifically the output current can be set according to programming. In this embodiment, the battery pack charge-discharge module 150 is a bidirectional non-isolated DC-DC conversion module with a wide dynamic range. The battery pack charge/discharge module 150 is used to charge or discharge the battery pack 10 in series as a whole, and may be referred to as a channel DC-DC conversion module. The battery pack charge and discharge module 150 may use a symmetrical bi-directional Buck-Boost switching power supply topology. Likewise, one side to which the battery pack 10 is connected is a battery pack side, and the other side is selectively connected between the charge and discharge bus 110 or the power exchange bus 120. In the present embodiment, the battery pack charge-discharge module 150 has two functions. When the battery pack charge-discharge module 150 is connected to the charge-discharge bus 110, it is used to control the charge-discharge current of the battery pack 10, and perform a function of gentle charge and a function of regulating charge, so that the current is not excessively large and is controlled within 20 amperes. When the battery pack charge and discharge module 150 is connected to the power exchange bus 120, the exchange of electric energy between the battery pack and the outside can be achieved. The battery pack charge-discharge module 150 is more capable of exchanging electric energy between the battery pack 10 and the outside, that is, it is more concerned with automatic conditioning during maintenance, so that it is not necessary to use a conversion module having a larger output current. Since the battery pack 10 can be directly connected to the charge and discharge bus 110 through the power switch module 160 if more power is required for charge and discharge, and thus can be charged and discharged through external high-power charge and discharge devices.
In one embodiment, the electrical energy exchange device further includes a gating module 170. The gating module 170 is connected to the charge/discharge bus 110 and the power switching bus 120, respectively. The gating module 170 is used to control the battery pack charge and discharge module 150 to be connected with the charge and discharge bus 110, or control the battery pack charge and discharge module 150 to be connected with the power exchange bus 120. Two switching units may be included in the gating module 170. One switching unit is used to connect the charge and discharge bus 110 and the battery pack charge and discharge module 150, and the other switching unit is used to connect the power exchange bus 120 and the battery pack charge and discharge module 150.
In one embodiment, the electric energy exchange device further includes a control module (not shown) and a battery power detection module (not shown). The battery electric quantity detection module is used for detecting the voltage of each single battery in the battery pack. The control module is respectively connected with the battery electric quantity detection module, the single battery bidirectional equalization array 130, the single battery charging and discharging module 140, the battery pack charging and discharging module 150 and the power switch module 160. The control module is configured to control the working states of the bidirectional cell equalization array 130, the cell charge/discharge module 140, the battery pack charge/discharge module 150 and the power switch module 160 according to the voltages of the cells. For example, when the control module determines that the balance between the batteries in the battery pack 10 can be achieved by the bidirectional cell balance array 130 according to the voltage in the battery pack, the bidirectional cell balance array 130 is controlled to operate. When the control module determines that the battery power of a certain single battery 12 in the battery pack 10 is particularly lost or is particularly full, the single battery charging and discharging module 140 is controlled to work, so as to realize quick charging or quick discharging of the single battery 12. The cell bidirectional equalization array 130 may also be performed simultaneously. When a plurality of groups of batteries exist in the battery pack and the balance between charging and discharging of the groups of batteries is needed, the power switch module can be controlled to be turned on, so that the battery pack 10 is directly charged and discharged by using the charging and discharging bus 110, or the battery pack charging and discharging module 150 is controlled to work to charge and discharge the battery pack 10. Specifically, the current may be determined according to the required power supply current or the required discharge current, and when the current is large, the battery pack 10 may be directly charged or discharged through the power switch module 160.
In one embodiment, the electrical energy exchange device 100 further includes a battery ac internal resistance measurement module (not shown). The battery ac internal resistance test module is used for testing the ac internal resistance of the battery pack 10 or the single battery 12. The ac internal resistance of the battery is a common parameter that reflects the performance of the battery, so that the battery performance can be known through monitoring the ac internal resistance of the battery. In particular, the battery alternating current internal resistance measurement module can be a constant current alternating current sine wave generator or a tracker, such as a 1KHz/100mA constant current alternating current sine wave tracker. Specifically, the battery ac internal resistance measurement module loads a constant current, a voltage according to a signal of sinusoidal ac variation to both ends of the battery pack 10 or both ends of the unit cells 12, and then measures a parameter obtained by calculation of a phase difference of the battery voltage and the input voltage. The connection between the battery ac internal resistance measuring module and the battery pack 10 or the single battery 12 can be achieved by manually connecting the signal input point with the measuring point, or can be achieved automatically or by connecting and measuring multiple paths at the same time.
The above-mentioned electric energy exchange device 100 can repair the battery pack 10, has high repair efficiency, and can prolong the service life of the battery pack 10.
The embodiment of the application also provides a battery device. The battery arrangement comprises a battery pack 10 and an electrical energy exchange device 100 according to any of the embodiments described above, i.e. the entire circuit in fig. 1. Wherein the battery pack 10 includes a plurality of unit cells 12 connected in series with each other. That is, in this embodiment, the electric energy exchange device 100 is integrated in the battery device, so that electric energy migration between the battery packs inside the battery device can be achieved through the electric energy exchange device 100, and electric energy migration between the battery packs and the external device can be achieved, so that the problem that the battery device is scrapped when the use requirement of the battery cannot be met inside the battery device is avoided, and the use efficiency of the battery can be improved. In addition, since the electric energy exchange device 100 is integrated inside the battery device, when maintenance is required by an external charge/discharge device or a power exchange device, the battery device can be directly connected to the external device through the first port 112 or the second port 122, thereby greatly improving maintenance efficiency.
In one embodiment, the battery device further comprises a housing. The battery pack 10 and the electric energy exchanging apparatus 100 are fixed inside the housing. The first port 112 and the second port 122 of the electrical energy exchange device 100 are both secured to the housing. Thus, it is possible to connect with an external device directly through the first port 112 or the second port 122.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery maintenance system according to an embodiment. The battery maintenance system comprises a plurality of electrical energy exchange devices 100 according to any of the previous embodiments. Wherein SCHM in fig. 2 represents a battery cell charge-discharge module; xGS denotes a power switch module, and DCHM denotes a battery pack charge/discharge module. Each electrical energy exchange device 100 forms a group (also referred to as a channel), i.e., the battery maintenance system may be referred to as a group battery maintenance system. The charge and discharge buses 110 of the respective electric energy exchange devices 100 are connected to each other and then connected to an external device through a total charge and discharge interface, and the power exchange buses of the respective electric energy exchange devices are connected to each other and then exchange power with the external device through a total power exchange interface. The battery maintenance system is provided with a plurality of electric energy exchange devices, so that the battery maintenance system can carry out parallel maintenance on a plurality of battery packs or carry out parallel maintenance on different substrings in the battery packs with more single batteries, and the maintenance efficiency can be further improved.
The battery maintenance system may include at least the following electrical energy migration paths:
1) The electric energy migration between any single battery inside each maintained battery pack;
The migration of electric energy in the battery pack is mainly realized by the bidirectional balancing modules 130 of the single batteries in each electric energy exchange device.
2) Migration of electrical energy between different battery packs being maintained;
the transfer of electric energy between the battery packs is mainly controlled by the power switch module 160 and the battery pack charging and discharging module 150, and different battery packs needing to be transferred are looped through the power exchange bus 120.
3) Between the battery pack being maintained and the external device.
The maintained battery pack may be connected to an external device through the charge/discharge bus 110 or the power exchange bus 120 by controlling the power switch module 160 and the battery pack charge/discharge module 150, and perform electric energy transfer. The external device may be a suitable charger, an electronic load, and the electrical energy exchange device 100 of any of the foregoing embodiments, as previously described.
It has been found that, for a battery pack with good consistency in initialization, the time at which the cell performance differences occur is related to the electrical structure and use of the battery pack connection. Too frequent shallow equalization does not work well to maintain consistency of the battery. In contrast, by periodically deep balancing the battery pack, the effect of maintaining long-term consistency of the battery pack is significant. To perform depth equalization, a high performance maintenance system is required. The maintenance here includes not only the large current equalization but also the overall charge and discharge of the entire battery pack. For large-scale high-voltage battery packs, high voltage is required for the whole charging and discharging equipment, the cost of high-voltage and high-current equipment is higher, and the high voltage also brings about great potential safety hazards. So we propose the above-mentioned packet battery maintenance system, utilize low-voltage packet, high-current and parallel maintenance way to reduce the total cost of the system and raise the security of the whole system.
The electric energy exchange equipment, the battery device and the battery maintenance system can be applied to the fields of large-scale energy storage, uninterruptible power supplies, batteries of electric vehicles and the like.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electric energy exchange device for realizing electric energy exchange between unit cells in a battery pack and electric energy exchange between the battery pack and an external device, characterized in that the electric energy exchange device comprises:
a charge-discharge bus including a first port; the first port is used for charging and discharging with external equipment;
a power switching bus including a second port; the second port is used for carrying out power exchange with external equipment;
The single battery bidirectional equalization array is provided with a plurality of single battery bidirectional equalization modules; each single battery bidirectional equalization module is used for being connected with one single battery;
The single battery charging and discharging module comprises a third port and a fourth port; the third port is connected with the charge-discharge bus; the fourth port is used for being connected with two ends of any single battery in the battery pack;
The battery pack charge-discharge module comprises a fifth port and a sixth port; the fifth port is selectively connectable with the charge-discharge bus or the power switching bus; the sixth port is used for being connected with two ends of the battery pack; and
The power switch module is connected between the charge-discharge bus and the total positive electrode of the battery pack;
The maximum output current of the single battery bidirectional equalization module is smaller than the maximum output current of the battery pack charging and discharging module, and the maximum output current of the battery pack charging and discharging module is smaller than the maximum output current of the single battery charging and discharging module;
The electric energy exchange device is provided with the charge-discharge bus and the power exchange bus at the same time, and is used for realizing power exchange between the battery pack and the external device while rapidly charging and discharging the battery pack or the single batteries in the battery pack.
2. The electrical energy exchange device of claim 1, wherein the external device comprises an external power supply device or an external powered device.
3. The electrical energy exchange device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the output current of the cell bidirectional equalization module is less than 10 amps, the maximum output current of the battery pack charge-discharge module is less than 20 amps, and the maximum output current of the cell charge-discharge module is less than 30 amps.
4. The electrical energy exchange device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the cell bidirectional equalization module, the battery pack charge-discharge module, and the cell charge-discharge module are all DC-DC bidirectional constant current conversion modules.
5. The electrical energy exchange device of claim 1, further comprising a gating module; the gating module is respectively connected with the charge-discharge bus, the power exchange bus and the battery pack charge-discharge module; the gating module is used for controlling the battery pack charging and discharging module to be connected with the charging and discharging bus or the battery pack charging and discharging module to be connected with the power exchange bus.
6. The electrical energy exchange device of claim 1, further comprising a battery level detection module and a control module; the battery electric quantity detection module is used for detecting the voltage of each single battery in the battery pack; the control module is respectively connected with the battery electric quantity detection module, the single battery bidirectional equalization array, the single battery charge-discharge module, the battery pack charge-discharge module and the power switch module; the control module is used for controlling the working states of the single battery bidirectional equalization array, the single battery charging and discharging module, the battery pack charging and discharging module and the power switch module according to the voltage of each single battery.
7. The electrical energy exchange device of claim 1, further comprising a battery ac internal resistance measurement module; the battery alternating current internal resistance measurement module is used for tracking and measuring the alternating current internal resistance of the battery pack or the single battery.
8. A battery device comprising a battery pack; the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries which are connected in series; the battery device is characterized by further comprising an electric energy exchange device; the electrical energy exchange device employs an electrical energy exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The battery device of claim 8, further comprising a housing; the first port and the second port are secured to the housing.
10. A battery maintenance system comprising a controller, wherein the battery maintenance system further comprises a plurality of electrical energy exchange devices employing the electrical energy exchange device of any one of claims 1-7; the charge and discharge buses in the electric energy exchange equipment are connected with each other and then are charged and discharged with external equipment through a total charge and discharge interface; the power exchange buses in the electric energy exchange devices are connected with each other and then exchange power with external devices through a total power exchange interface; the controller is used for controlling each electric energy exchange device.
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| CN116365636A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-30 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Battery cell electric quantity balancing module, electric quantity balancing method, heating method and device |
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| CN208904691U (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-05-24 | 北京朗正智能科技有限公司 | Electric flux switching equipment, cell apparatus and battery maintenance system |
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| CN204216603U (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-03-18 | 东风电动车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of battery pack structure of electric automobile |
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| CN107231028A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-03 | 福州福光电子有限公司 | Two-way DC DC lithium batteries module multichannel balance charge/discharge attending device |
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| CN204271706U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of battery module voltages balancer based on AC bus |
| CN108539813A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-14 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of lithium-ion-power cell active equalization method |
| CN208904691U (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-05-24 | 北京朗正智能科技有限公司 | Electric flux switching equipment, cell apparatus and battery maintenance system |
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