CN106545101A - The three-dimensional isolation device that a kind of vertical initial stiffness can be adjusted - Google Patents
The three-dimensional isolation device that a kind of vertical initial stiffness can be adjusted Download PDFInfo
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- CN106545101A CN106545101A CN201610903644.0A CN201610903644A CN106545101A CN 106545101 A CN106545101 A CN 106545101A CN 201610903644 A CN201610903644 A CN 201610903644A CN 106545101 A CN106545101 A CN 106545101A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the three-dimensional isolation device that a kind of vertical initial stiffness can be adjusted, the device includes the vertical earthquake isolating bearing and laminated rubber damping bearing of mutual concatenation；It is characterized in that, backpressure device is additionally provided with the fairlead of the vertical earthquake isolating bearing, the backpressure device includes the precompressed steel wire rope of more than three, the steel wire rope break-in element equal with precompressed steel wire rope quantity and steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage, and one block of floating back-pressure steel plate, wherein precompressed steel wire rope is in broken line state, and an axisymmetrical around described fairlead of each precompressed steel wire rope is fixed on floating back-pressure steel plate, other end was turned back after passing around a relative steel wire rope break-in element, then all of precompressed steel wire rope is listed as restricting beam through floating back-pressure steel plate, it is anchored on base by steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage；By tension force needed for precompressed steel wire tensioning to default initial stiffness, cylindrical helical compression spring is made to be clamped between driving pressing plate and floating back-pressure steel plate all the time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building anti-vibration (or shock) device, in particular to a three-dimensional shock isolation device formed by connecting an interlayer steel plate rubber pad and a vertical shock isolation support in series.
Background
The shock isolation device is a shock isolation device arranged between a building and a foundation. The early seismic isolation devices were mainly two-dimensional seismic isolation bearings (laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings) constructed by alternately laminating rubber and thin steel plates, which could only isolate the horizontal component of seismic waves. With the improvement of the knowledge of the multidimensional characteristics of the earthquake, the three-dimensional shock isolation device is gradually paid more attention by researchers in the field. The most common three-dimensional shock isolation device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock isolation support and an existing vertical shock isolation support in series.
The invention patent application with publication number CN 102409777A discloses a three-dimensional shock-insulation and anti-overturning device, the main body mechanism of the device is formed by connecting a laminated rubber shock-insulation support 14 and a spring shock-insulation support 15 in series, the upper side and the lower side of the main body structure are respectively provided with an upper connecting plate 1 and a lower connecting plate 18, and the device is characterized in that: tensile steel wire ropes 16 which are uniformly distributed around the main body structure in a staggered mode are arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 18, and the ultimate deformation of the tensile steel wire ropes 16 in the horizontal direction is larger than the horizontal shearing elastic deformation of the main body structure. Although the proposal of the patent application can improve the tensile strength of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device to resist the great tensile force generated by the swinging and even overturning of high-rise buildings in the earthquake, the proposal still has the following defects: 1. the spring shock insulation support can only compress energy dissipation and shock absorption, and cannot stretch the energy dissipation and shock absorption; 2. the spring shock insulation support can not preset initial rigidity, and is not convenient for presetting seismic intensity and reducing shock insulation cost.
The invention patent application with the publication number of CN1932324A discloses an adjustable disc spring mechanical shock absorption damper, which comprises a shell, a load connecting rod and two groups of disc springs, wherein the load connecting rod and the two groups of disc springs are arranged in the shell, the middle part of the load connecting rod is provided with an adjusting gear fixedly connected with the load connecting rod, the load connecting rods on the two sides of the adjusting gear are respectively provided with a left-handed nut and a right-handed nut which are in threaded fit with the load connecting rod, and the two groups of disc springs are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut and are respectively clamped between the left-handed nut or the right-handed nut and a sealing plate at the. The damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted by only turning the adjusting gear on the load connecting rod to enable the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut to be close to or far away from each other, so that the pretightening force of the two groups of disk springs can be adjusted, and the use requirements of different frequencies and different amplitudes are met. However, the invention still has the following disadvantages: 1. the load connecting rod is kept in balance under the combined action of the two groups of disc springs, although the pretightening force of the two groups of disc springs can be adjusted, no matter how the pretightening force is adjusted, the acting forces of the two groups of disc springs on the load connecting rod are equal in one group, and opposite in direction, and the balance can be damaged only by applying any external force on the load connecting rod, so that the two groups of disc springs deform, and the damper cannot preset initial rigidity; 2. two groups of disc springs are matched to provide damping when the damper is under pressure or tension load, so that certain waste is caused, and the length of the damper is greatly increased.
Publication No. isCN101457553AThe invention discloses a spring stiffness adjustable tuned mass damper, which is a composite damper, the characteristic frequency of the damper is changed by changing the thickness of a mass block, the damping ratio of the damper is changed by changing the flow of a working medium of a viscous damper, and the stiffness of the damper is changed by changing the effective working length of a spring, wherein three means are adopted for changing the effective working length of the spring, firstly, a section of the spring positioned in a curing cylinder is cured by adopting a curing material, secondly, a constraint block is plugged into the center of a spiral spring and is in interference fit with the spring, so that the section of the spring contacted with the constraint block is disabled, thirdly, a spiral bulge is arranged on the surface of the constraint block, and the spiral bulge is used for forming a spiral shape on the surface of theThe bulge is clamped between the spring wires, so that a section of the spring clamped with the spiral bulge between the spring wires is invalid. It can be seen that although the spring in the patent application can change the stiffness, the effective working length of the spring is obviously shortened, and the spring can only compress energy consumption and reduce vibration but cannot stretch the energy consumption and reduce vibration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical initial stiffness, which can not only compress energy consumption and shock absorption, but also stretch energy consumption and shock absorption, and also keep the effective working length of a cylindrical spiral compression spring in a vertical shock isolation support.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical initial rigidity comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel wire ropes uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises a base, and a guide sleeve extending upwards is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a cylindrical spiral compression spring is coaxially arranged inside the guide sleeve, and a driving pressing plate is arranged at the upper head of the cylindrical spiral compression spring; the middle part of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support extends into the guide sleeve to form a bulge which is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a back pressure device is also arranged in the guide sleeve of the vertical shock insulation support, the back pressure device comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate is arranged between the cylindrical spiral compression spring and the base;
the steel wire rope turning element is symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate around the axis of the guide sleeve;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-holder assembly and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end faces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-holder assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope passes through the opposite steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then all the prepressing steel wire ropes are arranged in parallel as a rope bundle, the floating back pressure steel plate passes through the point on the floating back pressure steel plate where the axis of the guide sleeve passes, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device is anchored on the base; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole which penetrates through the rope bundle is arranged at the position where the rope bundle penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the rope bundle;
tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to a tension required by setting vertical initial rigidity, so that the cylindrical spiral compression spring is always clamped between the driving pressing plate and the floating back-pressure steel plate;
and tensioning the tensile steel wire rope to provide a pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
The working principle of the vertical shock insulation of the three-dimensional shock insulation device is as follows: when the vertical dynamic load is relatively acted along the axis of the guide sleeve, the pressure is transmitted to the driving pressure plate through the laminated rubber shock-insulation support, so that the cylindrical helical compression spring is compressed by downward movement; when the dynamic load acts along the axis of the guide sleeve in the opposite direction, the tensile force is transmitted to the driving pressure plate through the tensile steel wire rope, the driving pressure plate moves upwards, and the prepressing steel wire rope reversely hoists the floating counter-pressure steel plate through the steel wire rope turning element to compress the cylindrical spiral compression spring. Therefore, no matter the axial dynamic load is oppositely or reversely acted on the three-dimensional shock isolation device, the cylindrical spiral compression spring can be compressed, and the cylindrical spiral compression spring is elastically deformed to consume energy.
According to the working principle, the prepressing steel wire ropes and the hole walls of the through holes in the floating back pressure steel plate cannot generate friction in the working process, otherwise, the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is interfered, so that the diameter of the through holes is larger than that of the ropes formed by the prepressing steel wire ropes in parallel, and the up-and-down movement of the floating back pressure steel plate is preferably not interfered and influenced. .
In the above scheme, the wire rope direction changing element is a common fixed pulley or a hoisting ring-shaped member with a direction changing function similar to that of the common fixed pulley, such as a hoisting ring screw, a U-shaped member and the like.
According to the three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical initial rigidity, one end of the prepressing steel wire rope fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate can be fixed by welding or can be fastened and fixed by similar lifting ring screws.
Compared with the prior art, the three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical initial rigidity has the following effects:
(1) in the vertical direction, the energy dissipation and the shock absorption can be compressed and stretched; the huge pulling force of the high-rise building on the building foundation due to swinging can be effectively reduced; and only one spring is needed, the vertical length is small, and the stability is good.
(2) When the vertical dynamic load is larger than the preset resisting capacity of the vertical initial rigidity, the two-way elastic deformation of the vertical shock insulation support is symmetrical, so that the compression deformation energy consumption effect of the vertical shock insulation support is not influenced by the change of the positive direction and the negative direction of the vertical load;
(3) the vertical initial rigidity of the whole device can be changed by changing the length of the prepressing steel wire rope, the shock insulation device cannot generate vertical deformation by external force before the vertical initial rigidity is overcome, the shaking of the building under the action of small earthquake and weak wind vibration is effectively inhibited, the wind and shock resistance grade of the building can be preset, and the wind and shock resistance cost is obviously reduced;
(4) in the process of presetting the vertical initial stiffness, the effective working length of the cylindrical spiral compression spring is unchanged, and the original characteristic parameters of the cylindrical spiral compression spring cannot be changed.
(5) The characteristics of the belleville springs can be utilized to reasonably select the preset initial stiffness, and then the characteristic frequency domain range of the shock isolation device is selected, so that the inherent frequency domain range of a building structure and the frequency domain range of vertical seismic waves are avoided, and resonance is prevented.
(6) Adopt wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle to fix one end of pre-compaction wire rope on the base, firstly can adjust pre-compaction wire rope's length, secondly utilizes the joint action of preventing turning round compression spring and first self-centering locking clamp, can prevent effectively that pre-compaction wire rope from carrying out length adjustment's in-process wrench movement and changing the characteristic parameter of steel wire cable.
(7) The tension and compression impact on the building foundation caused by the building shaking trend of the building can be effectively buffered, and the risk of overturning of the building is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 to 6 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to the present invention, where fig. 1 is a front view (D-D rotation section of fig. 3), fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a (with pre-stressed steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B (with pre-stressed steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view C-C (with tensile steel wire rope omitted) of fig. 1, fig. 5 is an enlarged structural view of a part i of fig. 1, and fig. 6 is an enlarged structural view of a part ii of.
Fig. 7 to 11 are schematic structural views of the self-locking tensioning anchor of the steel wire rope in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 6, wherein fig. 7 is a front view (sectional view), a broken line in the drawings indicates a pre-stressed steel wire rope, fig. 8 is a bottom view, fig. 9 is a sectional view of fig. 7E-E, fig. 10 is a sectional view of fig. 7F-F, and fig. 11 is a sectional view of fig. 7G-G.
Fig. 12 to 15 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the three-dimensional vibration isolating device according to the present invention, in which fig. 12 is a front view (cross section), fig. 13 is a cross section H-H (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 12, fig. 14 is a cross section I-I (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 12, and fig. 15 is an enlarged cross section J-J of fig. 13.
Fig. 16 to 20 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the three-dimensional vibration isolating device according to the present invention, in which fig. 16 is a front view (cross section), fig. 17 is a K-K cross section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 16, fig. 18 is a L-L cross section (with the pre-stressed wire rope omitted) of fig. 16, fig. 19 is an enlarged structural view of a part iii of fig. 16, and fig. 20 is an enlarged structural view of a part iv of fig. 16.
Detailed Description
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the three-dimensional isolation bearing in this example is composed of a laminated rubber isolation bearing and a vertical isolation bearing which are connected in series up and down.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the laminated rubber vibration-isolating support comprises an upper connecting plate 15, a lower connecting plate 8, a laminated rubber pad 17 clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and six tensile steel wire ropes 16; the upper connecting plate 15 and the lower connecting plate 8 are both disc-shaped, and the edge of the upper connecting plate 15 is provided with a mounting hole 6; the main body of the laminated rubber pad 17 is formed by alternately laminating a layer of rubber 17-1 and a layer of steel plate 17-2 and then performing mould pressing vulcanization, and a rubber protective layer 17-3 is naturally formed on the periphery of the laminated rubber pad in the mould pressing vulcanization process. The upper end face and the lower end face of the laminated rubber pad 17 main body are respectively provided with a connecting steel plate 17-4, and the two connecting steel plates 17-4 are respectively welded and fixed with the upper connecting plate 15 and the lower connecting plate 8. The six tensile steel wire ropes 16 are symmetrically distributed around the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17, one end of each tensile steel wire rope 16 is fixed on the upper connecting plate 15 through a lifting bolt 10, and the other end of each tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the lower connecting plate 8 through the lifting bolt 10. Each tensile steel wire rope 16 is tensioned, so that the sum of the tensions of the six tensile steel wire ropes 16 is equal to the designed vertical static load of the three-dimensional vibration isolation device in the embodiment, and after tensioning, each tensile steel wire rope 16 is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad 17.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the vertical shock insulation support comprises a guide sleeve 1, an annular flange 2, a base 3, a cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 and a back pressure device.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the guide sleeve 1 is in a circular tube shape, the upper end of the guide sleeve contracts inwards and radially to form an annular flange 2 for limiting and guiding, and the lower end of the guide sleeve extends outwards and radially to form a flange 5. The middle part of the base 3 is upwards bulged to form an inverted basin shape, the edges of the periphery of the base are provided with mounting holes 6, and the guide sleeve 1 is fixed on the upper surface of the bulged middle part of the base through a flange 5 arranged at the lower end of the guide sleeve.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the cylindrical helical compression spring 4 is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, a driving pressure plate 7 in movable fit with the guide sleeve 1 is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical helical compression spring 4, a cylindrical protrusion extends into the guide sleeve 1 from the middle of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate 8, and the protrusion and the driving pressure plate 7 are fixedly connected together through screws. Referring to fig. 1, a gap 14 larger than the amplitude is formed between the lower connecting plate 8 and the annular flange 2; in order to avoid the impact between the driving pressure plate 7 and the annular flange 2 during the vibration process, an anti-collision gap 13 is arranged between the driving pressure plate 7 and the annular flange 2.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the back pressure device is arranged in the guide sleeve 1, and the specific scheme is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 7, the back pressure device comprises three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, three lifting ring screws 10 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, three other lifting ring screws 10 fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18. Wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 and the base 3;
the three lifting bolts 10 as steel wire rope direction changing elements are symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate 7 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1.
Referring to fig. 7-11, each steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 18 is composed of a first self-centering locking clamp, a second self-centering locking clamp, an anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 and a planar bearing 18-2, wherein:
the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat 18-3, the edge of the connecting seat 18-3 is provided with a mounting hole 18-12, the middle part of the lower end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss 18-4, the inside of the boss 18-4 is provided with a first taper hole 18-5 along the axial lead, the taper hole is internally provided with a first tapered clamping jaw 18-7 consisting of 3 claw pieces, the peripheral surface of the boss 18-4 is sleeved with a tensioning screw sleeve 18-6, and the first tapered clamping jaw are in threaded connection; the small end of the first tapered clamp 18-7 points to the connecting seat 18-3, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve 18-8, and a section of second taper hole 18-13 and a section of threaded hole are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve 18-8 along the axis; the second taper clamping jaw 18-9 consisting of 3 jaw pieces is arranged in the second taper hole 18-13, the threaded hole is internally provided with a hollow bolt 18-10, the head of the hollow bolt 18-10 is opposite to the big end of the second taper clamping jaw 18-9, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve 18-8 is in a regular hexagon shape;
the plane bearing 18-2 is composed of a ball-cage component 18-11 and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 opposite to the taper sleeve 18-8, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-cage component 18-11;
the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw 18-9 and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw 18-7 are in the same direction; the plane bearing 18-2 is positioned between the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6 and the taper sleeve 18-8, and the anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning screw sleeve 18-6. After the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 penetrates out from the space between the claws of the first conical clamping jaw 18-7 through the center hole of the anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 and the plane bearing 18-2 and the space between the claws of the second conical clamping jaw 18-9, under the action of the tension of the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring 18-1 acts on the first conical clamping jaw 18-7, and the other end acts on the taper sleeve 18-8.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 6, the connecting seat 18-3 of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 18 is fixed on the lower surface of the raised middle part of the base 3 by a screw, and the distance from the lower surface of the raised middle part of the base 3 to the bottom surface of the base 3 is greater than the height of the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchor 18.
Referring to fig. 1-6, three lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; the position, through which the axis of the guide sleeve 1 passes, of the outer side of the base 3 is provided with the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in a central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting bolt 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through a lifting bolt 10 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the three pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are arranged in parallel as rope bundles and pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position where the axis of a guide sleeve 1 on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 passes through, and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage; a through hole 12 for penetrating the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is formed in the rope bundle penetrating position of the floating back pressure steel plate 11, and the diameter of the through hole 12 is larger than that of the rope bundle; on the base 3, an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the rope bundle is arranged at the rope bundle passing position.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6 in combination with fig. 7 to 11, in order to achieve the purpose of presetting the vertical initial stiffness, the installation and tensioning methods of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 are as follows: (1) firstly, calculating the tension of a pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 meeting the preset vertical initial stiffness according to the vertical initial stiffness required to be preset and the characteristic parameters of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4; (2) assembling the vertical shock insulation support according to the figure 1, and enabling a rope bundle formed by paralleling the other ends of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 to penetrate out of central holes of a first conical clamping jaw 18-7, a second conical clamping jaw 18-9 and a hollow bolt 18-10 of a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; then, (3) tying the rope head of the exposed prepressing steel wire rope 9 on a traction tensioning machine, and monitoring the tension of the prepressing steel wire rope 9 by adopting a tension detector while traction tensioning; when the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tensioned to the tension required by the preset vertical initial stiffness, the second self-centering locking clamp is moved forwards, meanwhile, the tightening screw sleeve 18-6 is adjusted and screwed, so that the plane bearing 18-2 is tightly clamped between the tightening screw sleeve 18-6 and the taper sleeve 18-8, the anti-twisting compression spring 18-1 is compressed, the generated tension pushes the first tapered clamping jaw 18-7 to move forwards to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9, and then the hollow bolt 18-10 is screwed to clamp the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 in the second tapered clamping jaw 18-9; removing the traction tensioning machine, cutting off the redundant prepressing steel wire rope 9, and clamping the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 between the driving pressing plate 7 and the floating back pressure steel plate 11 all the time; (4) and finally, installing the laminated rubber shock-isolating support above the lower connecting plate 8 according to the figures 1 and 4 to obtain the three-dimensional shock-isolating device.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7-11, in the construction process or daily maintenance process of installing the seismic isolation support, if the tension of the pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is insufficient, the tensioning threaded sleeve 18-6 in the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18 can be screwed to adjust.
When the vertical initial stiffness is preset, the sum of the tensions of the three pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 is more than or equal to the vertical static load borne by the three-dimensional shock isolation device.
Under ideal conditions, the building should not displace when the vertical waves of the earthquake are transmitted to the building through the shock isolation device. Based on this, the working principle of the three-dimensional vibration isolation device of the embodiment for vertical vibration isolation is as follows: referring to fig. 1, when the dynamic load generated by the vertical wave of the earthquake overcomes the vertical initial stiffness, if the dynamic load pushes up the base 3 along the axis of the guide sleeve 1, the reaction force of the driving platen 7 compresses the cylindrical helical compression spring 4 downward, and the base 3 moves upward along with the ground without the building moving; if the base 3 is pulled down along the axis of the guide sleeve 1 by the dynamic load, the prepressing steel wire rope 9 reversely lifts the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 by the lifting bolt 10 as a steel wire rope turning element, the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 is compressed upwards, the base 3 moves downwards along with the ground, but the building is still motionless. Therefore, when the ground vibrates up and down due to the longitudinal seismic wave, the cylindrical spiral compression spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation so as to consume energy. Similarly, when the building shakes under the action of wind vibration or horizontal seismic waves, the cylindrical spiral compression spring can be compressed to generate elastic deformation and consume energy no matter whether the dynamic load on the three-dimensional shock isolation device is tensile force or pressure.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 12 to 15, the present example is mainly improved based on example 1 in the following points: (1) increasing the number of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 from three to six; (2) replacing the lifting eye screw 10 as a wire rope direction changing element with a U-shaped member 19; (3) the counter-pressure device is correspondingly changed to:
the back pressure device consists of six pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, six U-shaped members 19 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, six lifting ring screws 10 for fixing one end of each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18 for fixing the other end of each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9; wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 and the base 3;
six U-shaped members 19 as steel wire rope direction changing elements are symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate 7 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; referring to fig. 15, the U-shaped member 19 is formed by bending round steel, and round holes matched with two side edges of the U-shaped member 19 are formed in the corresponding positions of the driving platen 7 where the U-shaped member 19 is arranged, the U-shaped member 19 is inserted into the round holes, and the two are welded and fixed together;
six lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; the position, through which the axis of the guide sleeve 1 passes, of the outer side of the base 3 is provided with the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; six pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in the central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting bolt 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 passes through an opposite U-shaped member 19 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the six pre-pressing steel wire ropes 9 are arranged in parallel as rope bundles and pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position where the axis of a guide sleeve 1 on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 passes through, and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage; a through hole 12 for penetrating the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is formed in the rope bundle penetrating position of the floating back pressure steel plate 11, and the diameter of the through hole 12 is larger than that of the rope bundle; on the base 3, an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the rope bundle is arranged at the rope bundle passing position.
The other embodiments other than the above-described embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.
The working principle of the seismic isolation device for the earthquake resistance of the building in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the public can analyze the seismic isolation device by referring to the embodiment 1.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 16 to 20, the present example is mainly improved based on example 1 in the following points: (1) replacing a lifting eye screw 10 as a steel wire rope turning element with a fixed pulley 20; (2) the counter-pressure device is correspondingly changed to:
the back pressure device consists of four pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9, four fixed pulleys 20 serving as steel wire rope turning elements, a floating back pressure steel plate 11, four lifting ring screws 10 for fixing one end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage for fixing the other end of the pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9; wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate 11 is arranged between the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 and the base 3;
four fixed pulleys 20 which are used as steel wire rope turning elements symmetrically fix the lower surface of the driving pressure plate 7 in the central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; wherein, the fixed pulley 20 is hinged on a bracket which is welded on the driving pressure plate 7;
four lifting ring screws 10 are symmetrically arranged on the floating back pressure steel plate 11 around the axis of the guide sleeve 1; the position, through which the axis of the guide sleeve 1 passes, of the outer side of the base 3 is provided with the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage 18; four pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 are distributed in a central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring 4 in a broken line state, one end of each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 is tied and fixed on a lifting ring screw 10 arranged on a floating counter-pressure steel plate 11, the other end of each pre-pressed steel wire rope 9 passes through a fixed pulley 20 serving as a steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then the four pre-pressed steel wire ropes 9 are arranged in parallel as rope bundles and pass through the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 from the position where the axis of a guide sleeve 1 on the floating counter-pressure steel plate 11 passes through, and a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning; a through hole 12 for penetrating the pre-pressing steel wire rope 9 is formed in the rope bundle penetrating position of the floating back pressure steel plate 11, and the diameter of the through hole 12 is larger than that of the rope bundle; on the base 3, an anchoring hole 3-1 for anchoring the rope bundle is arranged at the rope bundle passing position.
The other embodiments other than the above-described embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.
The working principle of the seismic isolation device for the earthquake resistance of the building in the embodiment is the same as that in the embodiment 1, and the public can analyze the seismic isolation device by referring to the embodiment 1.
Claims (2)
1. A three-dimensional shock isolation device with adjustable vertical initial rigidity comprises a laminated rubber shock isolation support and a vertical shock isolation support which are sequentially connected in series from top to bottom; wherein,
the laminated rubber shock-insulation support comprises an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, a laminated rubber pad clamped between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate and at least three tensile steel wire ropes uniformly distributed around the laminated rubber pad; one end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the upper connecting plate, the other end of the tensile steel wire rope is fixed on the lower connecting plate, and the connecting line of the upper fixing point and the lower fixing point is parallel to the central axis of the laminated rubber pad;
the vertical shock insulation support comprises a base, and a guide sleeve extending upwards is arranged on the upper surface of the base; a cylindrical spiral compression spring is coaxially arranged inside the guide sleeve, and a driving pressing plate is arranged at the upper head of the cylindrical spiral compression spring; the middle part of the lower surface of the lower connecting plate of the laminated rubber shock-insulation support extends into the guide sleeve to form a bulge which is fixedly connected with the driving pressure plate;
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
a back pressure device is also arranged in the guide sleeve of the vertical shock insulation support, the back pressure device comprises more than three pre-pressed steel wire ropes, steel wire rope turning elements with the same number as the pre-pressed steel wire ropes, a steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device and a floating back pressure steel plate, wherein,
the floating back pressure steel plate is arranged between the cylindrical spiral compression spring and the base;
the steel wire rope turning element is symmetrically fixed on the driving pressing plate around the axis of the guide sleeve;
wire rope auto-lock tensioning ground tackle constitute by first self-centering locking clamp, the self-centering locking clamp of second, prevent turning round compression spring and plane bearing, wherein:
A) the first self-centering locking clamp is provided with a connecting seat, the middle part of one end of the connecting seat is provided with an axially extending cylindrical boss, a first conical clamping jaw consisting of 3-5 claw sheets is arranged in the boss along the axial lead, and a tensioning screw sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the boss; the small end of the first conical clamp points to the connecting seat, and the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw sleeve is in a regular hexagon shape;
B) the second self-centering locking clamp is provided with a taper sleeve, a second tapered clamping jaw and a hollow bolt which are composed of 3-5 jaw pieces are sequentially arranged in the taper sleeve along the axis, the head of the hollow bolt is opposite to the big end of the second tapered clamping jaw, and the peripheral surface of the taper sleeve is regular hexagon;
C) the plane bearing is composed of a ball-holder assembly and annular raceways which are respectively arranged on the end faces of the tensioning screw sleeve opposite to the taper sleeve, wherein the annular raceways are matched with the balls in the ball-holder assembly;
D) the second self-centering locking clamp is positioned on the outer side of the head of the tensioning threaded sleeve, and the small head of the second conical clamping jaw and the small head of the first conical clamping jaw point to the same direction; the plane bearing is positioned between the tensioning threaded sleeve and the taper sleeve, and the anti-torsion compression spring is arranged in an inner hole of the tensioning threaded sleeve; after the prepressing steel wire rope penetrates out of the space between the claw sheets of the first conical clamping jaw and the center hole of the plane bearing and the claw sheets of the second conical clamping jaw through the anti-torsion compression spring, under the tension action of the prepressing steel wire rope, one end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the first conical clamping jaw, and the other end of the anti-torsion compression spring acts on the conical sleeve;
the prepressing steel wire ropes are distributed in the central hole of the cylindrical spiral compression spring in a broken line state, one end of each prepressing steel wire rope is symmetrically fixed on the floating back pressure steel plate around the axis of the guide sleeve, the other end of each prepressing steel wire rope passes through the opposite steel wire rope turning element and then turns back, then all the prepressing steel wire ropes are arranged in parallel as a rope bundle, the floating back pressure steel plate passes through the point on the floating back pressure steel plate where the axis of the guide sleeve passes, and the steel wire rope self-locking tensioning anchorage device is anchored on the base; on the floating back pressure steel plate, a through hole which penetrates through the rope bundle is arranged at the position where the rope bundle penetrates through the floating back pressure steel plate, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the rope bundle;
tensioning the pre-pressed steel wire rope to a tension required by setting vertical initial rigidity, so that the cylindrical spiral compression spring is always clamped between the driving pressing plate and the floating back-pressure steel plate;
and tensioning the tensile steel wire rope to provide a pre-pressure equal to the designed static load for the laminated rubber pad.
2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device with the adjustable vertical initial rigidity according to claim 1, wherein the steel wire rope direction changing element is a fixed pulley, a lifting bolt or a U-shaped component.
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| CN114892800A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-12 | 山东建筑大学 | Assembled beam-column joint damping structure and construction method |
| CN115162816A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-10-11 | 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司 | Prestress tensile anti-overturning shock isolation device and construction method thereof |
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