CN106387582A - 一种谷物类发酵制备酵素的方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/382—Other non-alcoholic beverages fermented
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/60—Sweeteners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
- A23L2/84—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter using microorganisms or biological material, e.g. enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种用谷物类发酵制备酵素饮料的方法,其工艺特点是以莲子、萝卜籽、大豆胚芽、燕麦、红小豆、桑葚、黑豆、大豆、薏米、红豆、小麦胚芽为主要原料,辅以蜂蜜和菌种(售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌)。原料适当打碎后加蜂蜜、菌种各100毫升,加饮用水10升,30摄氏度厌氧发酵7‑15天,过滤后加蜂蜜、蔗糖、低聚糖、果葡糖浆等调味。每天早晚各饮用一次,每次50‑100毫升。具有补气,益气健脾,降血糖、血压美容养颜等功效。主治脾胃气虚证,气短乏力,食少便溏,舌淡苔白,脉虚数及治疗慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡等属脾胃气虚者。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及应用益生菌发酵制备酵素的生产方法,尤其是谷物类酵素保健饮料的发酵方法,属于生物工程技术领域。
背景技术
酵素一词是日本人对酶(enzyme)的一种叫法,指具有生物催化功能的大分子物质,后来把经微生物发酵得到的具有生物活性物质的发酵液或发酵制品统称为酵素。鉴于一些制作者只关注水果,尤其是加入不同种类的水果,不注意发酵过程中微生物的作用,也忽视了对一些功能性材料的应用,有必要应用传统和科学搭配制作酵素产品、拓展和保证酵素功能,为民众健康提供保障。酵素产品的开发和应用还易受到杂菌污染的影响,因此也有必要应用科学的发酵技术以保证产品质量。
莲子为小坚果。呈椭圆形、卵形或卵圆形,其大小因品种而异,无臭,味甘、微涩。莲子善于补五脏不足,通利十二经脉气血,使气血畅而不腐,莲子所含氧化黄心树宁碱对鼻咽癌有抑制作用,所含非结晶形生物碱N-9有降血压作用并且其中所含的棉子糖,是老少皆宜的滋补品,对于久病、产后或老年体虚者,更是常用营养佳品还是防癌抗癌的营养保健品。
萝卜籽具有消食、理气化痰的作用,与蜂蜜调好一起饮用,还能治疗胃气、胃胀及消化不良,健脾养胃。入脾、胃、肺经,能消食除胀,功效显著,有“冲墙倒壁”之称。有治疗饮食停滞、脘腹胀痛、大便秘结、积滞泻痢、痰壅喘咳等功能。
大豆胚芽:大豆胚芽含有28%蛋白质,8.7%脂肪(其中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达80%),其中含VE190mg/100g,大豆异黄酮1.23%,甾醇0.37%。大豆胚芽的营养价值远远大于大豆,也大于豆芽。
燕麦性温、味甘、具有健脾、益气、补虚、止汗、养胃、润肠的功效。不仅可以预防动脉硬化、脂肪肝、糖尿病、冠心病,而且对便秘以及水肿等有很好的辅助治疗作用,可增强人的体力、延年益寿。
红小豆为豆科植物赤小豆或赤豆的种子,红小豆的功效与作用是通乳,除热毒,散恶血,消胀满,利小便,消肿药,除热毒,散恶血。红小豆中含有多量对于治疗便秘的纤维,及促进利尿作用的钾。此两种成分均可将胆固醇及盐分对身体不必要的成分排泄出体外,因此被视为具有解毒的效果。
桑椹具有生津止渴、促进消化、帮助排便等作用,适量食用能促进胃液分泌,刺激肠蠕动及解除燥热。祖国医学认为,桑葚性味甘寒,具有补肝益肾、生津润肠、乌发明目免疫促进作用等功效。并对治疗糖尿病、贫血、高血压、高血脂、冠心病、神经衰弱等病症具有辅助功效。
黑豆性平、味甘;归脾、肾经;具有消肿下气、润肺燥热、活血利水、祛风除痹、补血安神、明目健脾、补肾益阴、解毒的作用;用于水肿胀满、风毒脚气、黄疸浮肿、风痹痉挛、产后风疼、口噤、痈肿疮毒,可解药毒,制风热而止盗汗,乌发黑发以及延年益寿的功能。黑豆含有花青素,能有效防止脂肪进入小肠后被人体吸收。
大豆味甘、性平,入脾、大肠经,能杀乌头、附子毒;具有健脾宽中,润燥消水、清热解毒、益气的功效;主治疳积泻痢、腹胀羸瘦、妊娠中毒、疮痈肿毒、外伤出血等。黄豆还能抗菌消炎,对咽炎、结膜炎、口腔炎、菌痢、肠炎有效。大豆中所含的植物雌激素,可以调节更年期妇女体内的激素水平,防止骨骼中钙的流失,可以缓解更年期综合征,骨质疏松症。
薏米性凉,味甘、淡,入脾、肺、肾经,具有利水、健脾、除痹、清热排脓的功效。富含淀粉、蛋白质、多种维生素及人体所需的多种氨基酸,具有健脾利湿、清热排脓等功效,适用于泄泻、筋脉拘挛屈伸不利,水肿、脚气、肠痈、白带等症还有降血糖降血压、抑制骨骼肌的收缩,镇静、镇痛及解热作用。
红豆,性平偏凉,味甘,含有蛋白质、脂肪、糖类、维生素B族、钾、铁、磷等,能促进心脏血管的活化,利尿,健胃生津、祛湿益气的作用,是良好的药用和健康食品。还有补血、促进血液循环、强化体力、增强抵抗力的效果。红豆有较多的膳食纤维,具有良好的润肠通便、降血压、降血脂、调节血糖、解毒抗癌、预防结石、健美减肥的作用。
小麦胚芽中提取有天然植物油。它富含丰富有维他命E,β胡萝卜素,具有强力消炎、解毒、消除疲劳,延长寿命,恢复大脑敏捷的思维;矿物质碱性离子,可中和血液酸碱值,促进新陈代谢,避免疾病的产生,具有抗癌、保护肝脏、增强细胞活力等多项保健功效。
多种谷物混合可更好的发挥作用充分起到保健功效。
发明内容
本发明利用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物为原料,通过干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌及嗜酸乳杆菌发酵产生风味物质、酶类、醇类及芳香物质等多类有义代谢产物从而提高中草药的营养价值并充分发挥其功能,本发明拥有着发酵时间短,有害微生物滋生少甚至没有,避免由于过长时间发酵而产生的病毒,并且利用安全菌株,从而提高酵素安全性及酵素抗癌,抗衰老,降血糖等功能。
本发明的发酵技术方案:
1)选用质量优良的大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物,用水冲洗,经0.9%食盐水浸泡3分钟,用饮用水冲洗一遍,用搅碎机搅碎放入发酵罐待用。
2)用市售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌,单独MRS培养基培养18h按1:1:1混合做种子。
3)向中药混合物中加蜂蜜、菌种各100毫升,加饮用水10升,30摄氏度厌氧发酵7-15天,过滤备用。
4)加适量蜂蜜、蔗糖、低聚糖、果葡糖浆等调味。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供了一种具有保健功效的保健饮料。本发明制备方法及过程中无污染安全可靠,发酵时间周期短,工艺环节少,简单易操作,可节省投资和运行费用。每天早晚各饮用一次,每次50-100毫升。具有补气,益气健脾,降血糖、血压美容养颜等功效。具体实施方法:
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步描述。以下实施例仅为本发明的几个具体实施例,但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此,凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动,均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
实施例1
大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物各200克。水洗干净、经0.9%食盐水浸泡3分钟,饮用水冲洗一遍。菌种用市售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌,单独MRS培养基培养18h按1:1:1混合做种子。适当打碎后加蜂蜜和菌种各100毫升,饮用水10升。30摄氏度厌氧发酵10天。过滤备用。可加蜂蜜15g/L调味。得到口感风味俱佳,保健作用良好的谷物类酵素的方法。
实施例2
大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物各200克。水洗干净、经0.9%食盐水浸泡3分钟,饮用水冲洗一遍。菌种用市售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌,单独MRS培养基培养18h按1:1:1混合做种子。适当打碎后加蜂蜜和菌种各100毫升,饮用水10升。30摄氏度厌氧发酵10天。过滤备用。可加果糖浆10g/L调味。得到口感风味俱佳,保健作用良好的谷物类酵素的方法。
实施例3
大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物各200克。水洗干净、经0.9%食盐水浸泡3分钟,饮用水冲洗一遍。菌种用市售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌,单独MRS培养基培养18h按1:1:1混合做种子。适当打碎后加蜂蜜和菌种各100毫升,饮用水10升。30摄氏度厌氧发酵10天。过滤备用。可加蔗糖或低聚糖10g/L调味。得到口感风味俱佳,保健作用良好的谷物类酵素的方法。
Claims (9)
1.一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特点是以莲子、萝卜籽、大豆胚芽、燕麦、红小豆、桑葚、黑豆、大豆、薏米、红豆、小麦胚芽为主要原料,添加菌种和蜂蜜发酵制备饮料,该方法包括以下步骤:
a)大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物各200克水洗干净、经0.9%食盐水浸泡3分钟,饮用水冲洗一遍。
b)用市售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌,单独MRS培养基培养18h按1:1:1混合做种子。
c)适当打碎后加蜂蜜和菌种各100毫升,饮用水10升。30摄氏度厌氧发酵7-15天,过滤备用。
d)加适量蜂蜜、蔗糖、低聚糖、果葡糖浆等调味。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:所述菌种单独MRS培养基培养18h按1:1:1混合后做为酵素发酵用种子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:菌种(市售干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌,嗜酸乳杆菌)用MRS培养基配方为(g/L):牛肉蛋白粉10,鱼肉汁10,酵母浸出汁粉5,葡萄糖20,醋酸钠5,柠檬酸二铵2,吐温80 0.1,硫酸镁0.58,硫酸锰0.28,蒸溜水1000毫升,121摄氏度高压灭菌15分钟,调节pH6.2~6.4。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:原料配比为:大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物各200克。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物,处理方法为:水冲洗,经0.9%食盐水浸泡3分钟,用饮用水冲洗一遍。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:原料与蜂蜜、菌种的比例为每份原料(大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物各200克)适当打碎后加蜂蜜和菌种各100毫升,饮用水10升。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:原料及菌种、蜂蜜混合均匀30摄氏度厌氧发酵7-15天。过滤备用。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:过滤后发酵液添加适量蜂蜜、蔗糖、低聚糖、果糖浆等调味。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种用大豆,薏米,黑豆,桑葚,红豆等11种谷物制备谷物类酵素饮料的方法,其特征是:发酵过程中不会受杂菌污染,发酵后酵素品质良好,口感良好。
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