CN106172692A - 一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法 - Google Patents
一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及肉制品保鲜领域,尤其涉及一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,特别是鸡胸肉的保鲜方法。本发明的简要流程是:活鸡屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为50g‑500g浸泡于生物保鲜液中0~10min,该生物保鲜液为ε‑聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε‑聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.01~1%,0.1%~10%,1%~20%;沥干0~10min,经X射线照射、高能电子束后,PE保鲜袋气调包装,‑2℃~4℃贮存。本发明优点在于安全、高效、货架期长,采用该方法对鸡胸肉进行保鲜可以延长货架期至25d天左右,并能够有效地保持鸡肉的营养和风味。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及肉制品保鲜领域,尤其涉及一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,特别是鸡胸肉的保鲜方法。
背景技术
我国传统的鸡肉交易是以活禽市场零散交易为主,活禽来源分散,售卖地点集中于各级别的菜市场的活禽售买专区,此种以活禽交易的方式虽然有助于保持肉制品的营养风味,但造成了家禽传染病的沿途传播,不仅造成巨大的经济损失,而且已经危及到人类的健康。
目前,我国的鸡肉生产消费以生鲜鸡肉为主,主要分为热鲜鸡肉、冷冻鸡肉、冷却鸡肉。热鲜鸡肉是活鸡在农贸市场等地经宰杀等处理后即销售,热鲜鸡肉的肉温相对较高,并随环境温度变化而变化,卫生条件较差,容易被微生物污染。冷却鸡肉是在良好操作规范和良好卫生条件下,在不高于12℃的条件下加工,并经预冷排酸到肉中心温度0~4℃而成的鸡肉,其肉质鲜嫩美味、口感佳和营养保持良好而受到广大消费者的喜爱,是目前鲜食肉中最为理想的种类,但由于其所在的温度区间并不能抑制大部分的微生物新陈代谢活动,因此冷藏保鲜的货架期较短,一般在7d左右。冷冻鸡肉因在-18℃条件下保藏,大多数微生物会被冻死,或者其生长繁殖受到抑制,只有部分嗜冷微生物成为安全隐患,故保质期长,且在冷冻条件下,肌细胞的细胞膜易破裂,解冻时易造成肉汁和营养流失,鲜度和嫩度下降,且能耗较高。
鉴于冰鲜鸡肉在冷藏条件下腐败变质不能有效控制、货架期短,冷冻鸡肉后品质破坏和耗能严重等现状,目前企业急需寻找一种投资、运行和技术都具有优势、且可行、安全的保鲜技术。目前人们对鸡肉特别是鸡肉制品的需求日益增长,该技术不仅能延长产品的保质期,而且对物流运送的技术和要求有所降低,大大的拓展了物流的区域范围。国家及政府也大力支持开展肉制品加工保鲜及质量安全控制的整体技术水平。因此,本专利以鸡胸肉为代表,为禽肉及其制品的保鲜提供技术支持,必将对禽肉及其制品的保鲜和消费带来积极的、显著的影响。
前人对生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法研究如下:
章微等在《食品科学》发表文章“复合天然保鲜剂对冷却鸡肉的保鲜效果”( 2011, 36(6): 217-223.),得出的结果为,鸡肉经过乳酸链球菌肽 0.025%、 茶多酚 0.05%、 香辛料提取物 2.0%、 VC 含量 0.02%处理后在4℃贮存,货架期可达21d。
高磊等在《食品与发酵工业》发表文章“不同包装方式对冷鲜鸡的保鲜效果”(2016,39(3):221~225),研究发现冷鲜鸡经过70%CO2+30N2气调包装后在4℃可保存11d。
经查阅文献、实际考察,未见冰温鸡肉采用由ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖组成的生物保鲜液结合辐照的保鲜应用,因此本发明弥补了其在生鲜肉制品保鲜领域中的应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决技术问题是改进一种生鲜肉质品的保鲜工艺,并提供其实施、使用方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题通过以下技术措施来实现:
本发明的特征在于具体操作步骤:
(1)活鸡在-2℃~4℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为50g-500g;
(2)分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.01%~1%,0.1%~10%,1%~20%;
(3)分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为0~10min,取出后沥干0~10min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过0~10MeV的X射线照射0~5min、0~20MeV的高能电子束0~5min。
(4)将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:30~90%CO2、10~70%N2,在-2℃~4℃条件下贮存。
选择健康、无损伤、有活力的活鸡,活鸡在-1℃~1℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为150g-300g。
分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.1~0.8%,1%~5%,2%~6%。
分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为2~7min,取出后沥干3~7min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过3~7MeV的X射线照射1~3min、4~10MeV的高能电子束1~3min。
将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:50~80%CO2、20~50% N2,在-1℃~0℃条件下贮存。
选择健康、无损伤、有活力的活鸡,活鸡在0℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为200g。
分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.4%,2%,3%。
分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为6min,取出后沥干5min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过4MeV的X射线照射2min、7MeV的高能电子束2min。
将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:60%CO2、40%N2,在-0.5℃条件下贮存。
前述生物保鲜液的制备方法:
在1L水中加入4gε-聚赖氨酸、20g迷迭香提取物、30g羧甲基壳聚糖,充分搅拌15min后即得生物保鲜液
本发明优点在于安全、高效、货架期长;同时ε-聚赖氨酸的抑菌谱很广,可以有效地抑制猪肉中微生物的生长,并且他能够在人体内分解成人体必需的8中氨基酸之一—赖氨酸,是一种营养型的抑菌剂,迷迭香提取物除具有一定抑菌作用外,还有抗氧化、免疫调节等作用,羧甲基壳聚糖具有成膜性,可以较好保持肉制品的保水性,而辐照可以有效控制和杀灭微生物。采用该方法对鸡胸肉进行保鲜可以延长货架期至25d天左右,并能够有效地保持鸡肉的营养和风味。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的操作流程与创作特征易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
将健康、无损、有活力的活鸡在0℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为200g,
然后将分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.4%,2%,3%,其余为水。
再将分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为6min,取出后沥干5min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过4MeV的X射线照射2min、7MeV的高能电子束2min。
最后将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:60%CO2、40%N2,在-0.5℃条件下贮存。
前述生物保鲜液的制备方法:
在1L水中加入4gε-聚赖氨酸、20g迷迭香提取物、30g羧甲基壳聚糖,充分搅拌15min后即得生物保鲜液。
Claims (10)
1.一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:具体操作步骤如下:
(1)活鸡在-2℃~4℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为50g-500g;
(2)分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.01%~1%,0.1%~10%,1%~20%;
(3)分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为0~10min,取出后沥干0~10min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过0~10MeV的X射线照射0~5min、0~20MeV的高能电子束0~5min;
(4)将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:30~90%CO2、10~70%N2,在-2℃~4℃条件下贮存。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:选择健康、无损伤、有活力的活鸡,活鸡在-1℃~1℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为150g-300g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.1~0.8%,1%~5%,2%~6%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为2~7min,取出后沥干3~7min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过3~7MeV的X射线照射1~3min、4~10MeV的高能电子束1~3min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:50~80%CO2、20~50%N2,在-1℃~0℃条件下贮存。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:活鸡在0℃屠宰后,将鸡胸肉分为200g。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:分块鸡胸肉浸泡于生物保鲜液中,该生物保鲜液为ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖和水组成,其中ε-聚赖氨酸、迷迭香提取物、羧甲基壳聚糖与水的质量体积比分别为:0.4%,2%,3%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:分块鸡胸肉浸泡时间为6min,取出后沥干5min,沥干过程中分块鸡胸肉经过4MeV的X射线照射2min、7MeV的高能电子束2min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:将沥干后的鸡胸肉使用PE保鲜袋气调包装,气体比例为:60%CO2、40%N2,在-0.5℃条件下贮存。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鲜肉制品的保鲜方法,其特征在于:在1L水中加入4gε-聚赖氨酸、20g迷迭香提取物、30g羧甲基壳聚糖,充分搅拌15min后即得生物保鲜液。
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