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CN105899400B - 公共交通车辆座椅 - Google Patents

公共交通车辆座椅 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105899400B
CN105899400B CN201480062365.5A CN201480062365A CN105899400B CN 105899400 B CN105899400 B CN 105899400B CN 201480062365 A CN201480062365 A CN 201480062365A CN 105899400 B CN105899400 B CN 105899400B
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seat
axis
frame
distance
backrest
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CN105899400A (zh
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马切伊·西曼斯基
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/18Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other
    • B60N2/1807Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the cinematic
    • B60N2/181Rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/04Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable
    • B60N2/16Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable
    • B60N2/18Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other
    • B60N2/1807Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the cinematic
    • B60N2/1839Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the whole seat being movable height-adjustable the front or the rear portion of the seat being adjustable, e.g. independently of each other characterised by the cinematic pivoting about an axis located in an intermediate position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/22Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable the back-rest being adjustable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/242Bus seats

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的主题为公共交通车辆座椅。座椅具有带有座位框架(1)的座位(2),框架(1)在底座(4)上旋转地安装在垂直于车辆的纵轴线的水平轴(6)上,底座(4)永久地安装到车辆的地板(5)上;以及具有带有靠背框架(14)的倾斜靠背(3)。座位框架(1)在其前方区域中具有安装在轴(7)上的上支承件(8),其通过轴(9)与以铰接方式置于在底座(4)上的轴(10)上的下支承件(11)连接,其中,上和下支承件(8,11)的连接轴(9)连接到拉杆(12)上,以用于利用铰接接头(16)联结到靠背框架(14)的下臂(13)上,其中,靠背框架(14)围绕平行于用于旋转地安装座位框架(1)的轴(6)的水平轴(15)旋转地安装。

Description

公共交通车辆座椅
技术领域
本发明的主题为一种用在巴士、厢式货车、铁路车辆、飞机中且作为货车驾驶员的座位的公共交通车辆座椅,其中在由乘客直接使用的过程中需要改变座位和靠背的位置。
背景技术
当构造车辆座椅时,很重要的是为各个座椅建立理论上的"H"点。这是大致位于乘客的髋关节的高度处的点。座椅的参数如座位的长度、靠背角和安全带的锚定点与该点相关联地来建立。该点确定整个座椅的构造。对于"H"点的各种移动,应当进行座椅结构的独立研究。不正确的改变的关于"H"点的座椅参数可导致乘客在突然制动期间从安全带滑出连同其所有不利的后果。
长距离的公共交通乘客座椅是已知的,其中座位永久地置于底座中,且靠背可通过将靠背框架置于下框架区域中的轴上来倾斜。
还已知一种座椅,其中座位框架和靠背框架刚性地连接,而座位和靠背的移动在当靠背倾斜时具有相同的角或者具有不同的靠背倾斜角,但带有座位向前的同时移动。
该移动的不利方面在于空间内的"H"点的空间移动。
在文件PL211142B1专利的说明中,提出了一种具有可变座位倾斜的座椅,其用于车辆、办公室中,且其中需要座位位置的频繁变化来适于使用者的需要。座椅的特征在于座位框架置于侧连接器上,侧连接器以这样的方式安装到支承机构上使得螺栓(座位框架安装到其上)的旋转轴大致位于竖直轴上,竖直轴穿过使用者的重心且由带有锁的锁定机构放置。
在文件PL205230B1专利的说明中,提出了一种可变靠背倾斜车辆座椅,其用于长距离乘客运输车辆中。该座椅特征在于,带有位于座位上的凹口中的成形的臂的框架置于安装到支承件中的螺栓上,支承件永久地与底座连接,而臂的端部利用连接器连接到底座上。
由法国专利文件FR 2569628 A1已知一种车辆座位,其包括:座位框架,其后端部枢转地附接至车辆地面,使得其前端部可升高和降低,靠背框架联接至座位框架的后端部,以便可纵向地旋转;两个联动元件,其具有第一端部,该第一段部枢转地连接至配备在地面上的分别右边和左边的支撑件,且两个联动元件还在其中间部分与座位框架的前半段啮合;以及连接棒,其用于连接靠背框架与第二端部联动元件。
由欧洲专利文件EP1346872A1已知一种带有座位表面和靠背的车辆座位,靠背可绕相对于座位轴线的一横轴枢转,优选地可从直立的就座位置枢转至倾斜的休息位置,且带有经由高度调节可调节高度的头靠,该头靠具有头垫和穿过靠背中的开口啮合头垫的顶部,其特征在于,该靠背(14)通过在靠背(14)中的且相对于座位表面(11)横向布置延伸的枢轴(43)使自动操作倾斜度的调整器(4)(其设计用于利用在靠背(14)之内的倾斜调整器(4)将靠背(2)调整到可自由选择的位置中)和头垫支撑物(22)枢转。
发明内容
以旋转地置于框架上的座位且旋转地放置的座位倾斜靠背的形式的公共交通车辆座椅的本发明的本质包括底座永久地安装到地板上,在地板上,座位框架置于垂直于车辆的纵轴线的水平轴上,座位框架具有在其前方区域中的安装在轴上的上支承件,上支承件通过轴与下支承件连接,下支承件以铰接方式置于底座中,而在公共轴上的两个支承件通过拉杆经由铰接接头与靠背框架的下臂相连接,下臂置于平行于座位框架的水平轴上,在距所述特征点“H”的恒定距离处,放置轴,而座椅底座元件置于所述座椅框架放置轴上。
当位于距特征点“H”的恒定距离处的座位的框架的放置轴位于从座位的前缘起的座位的框架的长度“A”的0.5到0.7倍内、有利地是0.6倍的距离“a”时,是有利的。
当位于距特征点“H”的恒定距离处的靠背的框架的放置轴位于从靠背框架的下缘起的靠背框架的长度“B”的0.05到0.15倍内,有利地是0.1倍的距离“b”时,也是有利的。
使用本发明中提出的解决方案实现了以下技术和实用效果:
-使升高座位的前部和降低座位的后部的移动与座位倾斜移动相组合,
-以一个移动执行改变座位和靠背的位置的动作,
-使用单个锁定机构来改变座位和座椅的位置,
-将"H"点保持在相同区域中,这消除了进行座位的各种位置的循环研究的需要,
-座位的前缘与安装在其前方的座椅的恒定距离,
-以限制值的范围内的任何角度移动座位和靠背的可能性,
-改变座位框架倾斜角而非靠背框架倾斜角的可能性,
-通过消除锁定机构来减轻单元重量,
-降低构造成本。
附图说明
本发明的主题以示例性而非限制性的实施方式在附图上的图中呈现,其中在图1上,以靠背大致竖直的位置呈现出座椅,而在图2上,以倾斜靠背位置呈现出座椅,而附加地在两个图上标记了理论的"H"点。
具体实施方式
公共交通车辆座椅由旋转地置于框架1上的座位2和旋转地放置的倾斜靠背3构成。座椅具有永久地固定到地板5上的底座4。在底座4上,座位2的框架1置于垂直于车辆的纵轴线的水平轴6上。对于框架2,在其前缘中,上支承件8安装在轴7上,上支承件8通过轴9与下支承件11连接,下支承件11以铰接方式置于在底座4上的轴10上。在公共轴9上的上支承件8和下支承件11通过拉杆12和铰接接头16与靠背3的框架14的下臂13相连接。靠背3置于平行于在距特征点“H”的恒定距离处的座位2的框架1的放置轴6的水平轴15上,座椅底座4元件置于座椅框架放置轴6上。
座位2的框架1的放置轴6位于从座位2的前缘起的座位2的框架1的长度“A”的0.5到0.7倍、有利的是0.6倍的距离“a”处。
靠背3的框架14的放置轴15置于从靠背3的框架13的下缘起的靠背3的框架14的高度“B”的0.05到0.15倍以内、有利的是0.1倍的距离“b”处。
在靠背3大致竖直地放置的的情况中的位置中的座椅具有放置在框架1上、支承在轴6和轴7上的座位2,而框架1具有大致水平的位置。座位2的自然形状将导致其形状朝与靠背连接的区域降低。
附图上未示出的锁的释放和靠背3朝后部的挤压将引起靠背3的框架14在轴15上移动,引起朝框架14的下臂13的前部的移动。这还将引起铰接的接头16和拉杆12朝前部的移动。支承件11和支承件8的互逆运动将发生。由于支承件11通过一端被放置在座椅的底座4的轴10中,故支承件8的轴7的向上移动将发生。座椅的框架1将关于轴6在十度与二十度之间旋转,以降低座位2的后部且升高座位2的前部。
在所建立的座位2和靠背3的位置中,定位锁闭合。
座位2和靠背3返回至其初始位置将在锁释放之后发生。然后,当其上部朝前移动时,靠背3将导致靠背3的框架14的下臂将朝后移动拉杆12和轴9。框架1的轴7将向下移动,导致座位框架围绕轴6旋转,因此降低了座位2的前部且升高了座位2的后部。在该动作之后,元件的位置锁定。
这里存在通过向上升高座位2的前部或在相反情况下向下挤压座位2的前部来使用座位2和靠背3的互逆运动的相同功能的可能性。使座位2与靠背3相连接的运动系统将导致如上文所述的相同运动。

Claims (5)

1.一种以旋转地放置在框架上的座位和旋转地放置的倾斜靠背的形式的带有理论上建立的特征点“H”的公共交通车辆座椅,其特征在于,底座(4)永久地安装到地板(5)上,在所述地板(5)上,座位框架(1)置于垂直于车辆的纵轴线的放置轴(6)上,所述座位框架(1)在其前方区域中具有安装在第一轴(7)上的上支承件(8),所述上支承件(8)通过第二轴(9)与下支承件(11)连接,所述下支承件(11)以铰接方式置于在所述底座(4)中的第三轴(10)上,而所述上支承件(8)和所述下支承件(11)二者在公共的第二轴(9)上通过拉杆(12)经由铰接接头(16)与靠背框架(14)的下臂(13)相连接,所述靠背框架(14)置于平行于所述座位框架(1)的放置轴(6)的水平轴(15)上,其中,所述座位框架(1)的放置轴(6)位于距所述特征点“H”的恒定距离处,而座椅底座(4)元件置于所述座位框架(1)的放置轴(6)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的公共交通车辆座椅,其特征在于,位于距所述特征点“H”的恒定距离处的所述座位框架(1)的放置轴(6)位于从所述座位(2)的前缘起的所述座位框架(1)的长度"A"的0.5到0.7倍以内的距离"a"处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的公共交通车辆座椅,其特征在于,位于距所述特征点“H”的恒定距离处的所述靠背框架(14)的水平轴(15)位于从所述靠背框架(14)的下缘起的所述靠背框架(14)的长度"B"的0.05到0.15倍以内的距离"b"处。
4.根据权利要求1所述的公共交通车辆座椅,其特征在于,位于距所述特征点“H”的恒定距离处的所述座位框架(1)的放置轴(6)位于从所述座位(2)的前缘起的所述座位框架(1)的长度"A"的0.6倍的距离"a"处。
5.根据权利要求1所述的公共交通车辆座椅,其特征在于,位于距所述特征点“H”的恒定距离处的所述靠背框架(14)的水平轴(15)位于从所述靠背框架(14)的下缘起的所述靠背框架(14)的长度"B"的0.1倍的距离"b"处。
CN201480062365.5A 2013-11-15 2014-04-22 公共交通车辆座椅 Expired - Fee Related CN105899400B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PLP.406089 2013-11-15
PL406089A PL406089A1 (pl) 2013-11-15 2013-11-15 Fotel pojazdu komunikacji zbiorowej
PCT/PL2014/000042 WO2015072867A1 (en) 2013-11-15 2014-04-22 Mass transit vehicle chair

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CN105899400A CN105899400A (zh) 2016-08-24
CN105899400B true CN105899400B (zh) 2019-03-19

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EP (1) EP3068661B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105899400B (zh)
ES (1) ES2819228T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1223890A1 (zh)
PL (1) PL406089A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2015072867A1 (zh)

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DE2836005A1 (de) * 1978-08-17 1980-02-28 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur verstellung eines sitzes, insbesondere in kraftfahrzeugen
FR2569628A1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-07 Tachikawa Spring Co Siege de vehicule
US5358308A (en) * 1992-06-18 1994-10-25 Bertrand Faure Automobile "Bfa" Vehicle seats having multiple adjustments
US20040026964A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2004-02-12 Hans Edrich Vehicle seat having an adjustable-tilt headrest
DE102006036532A1 (de) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-07 Sitech Sitztechnik Gmbh Aktive Beckenkippung
CN101616819A (zh) * 2007-02-21 2009-12-30 凯波有限责任两合公司 车座、特别是商业车座

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL205230B1 (pl) 2003-06-18 2010-03-31 Maciej Szymański Fotel pojazdu
PL211142B1 (pl) 2008-07-04 2012-04-30 Maciej Szymański Fotel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2836005A1 (de) * 1978-08-17 1980-02-28 Daimler Benz Ag Vorrichtung zur verstellung eines sitzes, insbesondere in kraftfahrzeugen
FR2569628A1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-07 Tachikawa Spring Co Siege de vehicule
US5358308A (en) * 1992-06-18 1994-10-25 Bertrand Faure Automobile "Bfa" Vehicle seats having multiple adjustments
US20040026964A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2004-02-12 Hans Edrich Vehicle seat having an adjustable-tilt headrest
DE102006036532A1 (de) * 2006-07-31 2008-02-07 Sitech Sitztechnik Gmbh Aktive Beckenkippung
CN101616819A (zh) * 2007-02-21 2009-12-30 凯波有限责任两合公司 车座、特别是商业车座

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CN105899400A (zh) 2016-08-24
PL406089A1 (pl) 2015-05-25
EP3068661B1 (en) 2020-07-22
EP3068661A1 (en) 2016-09-21
ES2819228T3 (es) 2021-04-15
HK1223890A1 (zh) 2017-08-11
WO2015072867A1 (en) 2015-05-21

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