CN105794551A - Method for controlling early blight of greenhouse tomatoes by using ultraviolet lamp - Google Patents
Method for controlling early blight of greenhouse tomatoes by using ultraviolet lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794551A CN105794551A CN201410842162.XA CN201410842162A CN105794551A CN 105794551 A CN105794551 A CN 105794551A CN 201410842162 A CN201410842162 A CN 201410842162A CN 105794551 A CN105794551 A CN 105794551A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pest control, particularly a method for controlling early blight of greenhouse tomatoes by using an ultraviolet lamp. The invention aims to provide a method for producing pollution-free vegetables according to the actions of control of wavelength radiation dose on tomato early blight spore germination, germ tube extension and hypha growth inhibition. The ultraviolet lamp has great destructive power on deoxyriboneucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) of pathogenic bacteria, and enables the pathogenic bacteria to lose survivability and fertility, thereby destroying the pathogenic bacteria. The method can implement nucleic acid mutation, replication inhibition, transcription blockade and protein synthesis, or can generate free radicals capable of causing photoionization, thereby resulting in cell death and further implementing sterilization. The sterilization efficiency is up to 99%; and the method has the advantages of favorable sterilization effect and high acting speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of pest control, specifically a kind of method utilizing uviol lamp to prevent and treat tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight.
Background technology
The crop loss that the annual whole world causes due to insect pest is up to 100,000,000,000 dollars.For killing agricultural pests, Agricultural Scientist want to have use up way, but conventional disinsection method effect is all little desirable.Chemical pesticide, can make insect develop immunity to drugs, and crops itself and surrounding be will also result in pollution；Biology controls worm, although will not causing other public hazards, but the kind of the insect controlled is restricted, some insect still " is at large ".
Ultraviolet radiation effects affects plant disease develop in " pathogenic bacteria one plant " disease system, mainly include two aspects: one is that UV radiates photobiology effects such as the sprouting of phytopathogen spore, germ tube elongation, mycelial growths, and UV radiation is existed different response mechanisms by the strain of different genera；Two is that UV is responded by host plant from the aspect such as form, Physiology and biochemistry, causes that the disease resistance of plant changes. research confirms, in, short-wave UV radiation can suppress pathogenic bacteria spore germination, reduce the sickness rate of disease；The sprouting of pathogenic bacteria spore is had inducing action by long wave UV radiation, can improve disease sickness rate. and the impact according to factors such as UV radiation level, infection process degree and plant resistance to environment stress kinds, different plant disease systems be there is also different mechanism of action by UV radiation.
Early blight of tomato has generation in areas such as China northeast, North China, East China, southwest, no matter the scab on fruit, blade or stem occurs its main being characterized by, has and significantly takes turns stricture of vagina, so also referred to as ring spot；Fruit scab is everlasting near fruit end, and stem's scab is everlasting branching place, and leaf portion scab occurs on mesophyll；Early blight is caused by sporulation infects, and in classification of fungi, belongs to Deuteromycotina Alternaria.Except occurring except on Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, also can infecting the crops such as Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Fructus Solani melongenae, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, it mainly infects body is conidium.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of according to by controlling wavelength radiation dosage, to the sprouting of tomato early blight bacterium spore, germ tube elongation, mycelial growth inhibitory action, the method producing pollution-free vegetable.
Proposing concrete technical scheme according to above-mentioned purpose is:
(1) ultraviolet generation device is set in plastic greenhouse, sterilizes by controlling the intensity of wavelength and irradiation time, irradiation；
Described ultraviolet generation device is: the UV-B fluorescent tube (240nm-340nm) of 100w；The cellulose acetate membrane utilizing 0.08mm is coated away the UV-C of below 253mm wavelength components；
The radiation intensity of described ultraviolet generation device is 100 μ W/cm2Above, the output energy of uviol lamp is 100kj/m2；
Described uviol lamp installation method is: overhead about 1.5 meters, is mutually perpendicular to installation uviol lamp, every 20～30 cubic metres of space mounting one, and ultraviolet radiation is becoming 60～80 degree of angles with horizontal plane；
(2) concrete prevention and controls
1. the exposure dose 120000uW.s/cm accepted according to tomato early blight bacterium2—630000W.s/cm2, and ultraviolet generation device output intensity 1000 μ W/cm2, exposure dose (W.s/cm2)=irradiation time (s) × intensity (μ W/cm2), it is determined that irradiation time be: 30 minutes-105 minutes, uviol lamp in use UV intensity will reduce 30%-70%, further according to exposure dose (W.s/cm2)=irradiation time (s) × intensity (μ W/cm2) determine required irradiation time, increase irradiation time in actual applications；
2. when tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight occurrence injury, uviol lamp is utilized to be irradiated, because uviol lamp is when radiant intensity reaches stable, need 15 minutes-30 minutes, so ultra-vioket radiation fatal dose was at 45-135 minute, Continuous irradiation time every day less than 80 minutes, more than 80 minutes, affect the conduction of signal in plant, hinder the normal vital movement of plant；So early blight of tomato is prevented and treated in process by ultraviolet, irradiate every day 45-80 minute, early blight of tomato is inhibited, Continuous irradiation 5-8 days, can killing pathogenic bacteria；The increase time, the suppression ratio of pathogenic bacteria is more big；When occurring without epidemic disease, every day irradiates 15-40 minute, can reduce in booth, the generation of disease pest.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: pathogenic bacteria deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic (RNA) are had powerful destructive power by (1), lose viability and reproductive capacity and then eliminate pathogenic bacteria；Also can make nucleic acid mutation, hinder it to replicate, transcribe the synthesis of block and protein；Or generation free radical can cause photo-ionisation, thus causing the death of cell, thus sterilizing；(2) germicidal efficiency reaches 99%, kills effective, and effect is quickly；(3) present invention can kill other any pathogenic bacterias lower than Fructus Lycopersici esculenti phytophthora root rot bacterium fatal dose；(4) do not develop immunity to drugs, can life-time service in plant safe dose；
Detailed description of the invention
Example 1, foundation foregoing invention content, it is proposed to detailed operating procedure
1, the irradiation under ultraviolet ray Pathogenicity to Fructus Lycopersici esculenti phytophthora root rot bacterium
Gather the diseased plant of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti phytophthora root rot bacterium, at laboratory, pathogenic bacteria is easily separated purification and cultivates, obtain the pathogen of purification；The pathogen mycelium inoculation of picking purification, on potato agar culture medium, opens wide culture dish, when being placed in different ultra-vioket radiation under 25 DEG C of conditions after cultivating 48 hours；
1. again from the culture dish that ultraviolet processed, at the middle position of culture dish, picking colony, it is inoculated in PDA culture medium, little at 25 DEG C of dark conditions, cultivate 48 hours, measure the growing state of bacterium colony；
| Numbering | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Irradiation time (min) | 15 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 75 | 90 | 105 |
| Average sporulation quantity (individual/ml) | 108 | 106 | 106 | 105 | 104 | 104 | 102 |
2. again from the culture dish that ultraviolet processed, at the middle position of culture dish, picking colony, being inoculated on the tomato leaf of healthy growth, measure lesion diameter, three repetitions are done in each process；
| Irradiation time (min) | 15 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 75 | 90 | 105 |
| Average lesion diameter (mm) | 6 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
2, tomato in plastic greenhouse prevention and controls
(1) ultraviolet generation device is set in plastic greenhouse, sterilizes by controlling the intensity of wavelength and irradiation time, irradiation；
Described ultraviolet generation device is: the UV-B fluorescent tube (240nm-340nm) of 100w；The cellulose acetate membrane utilizing 0.08mm is coated away the UV-C of below 253mm wavelength components；
The radiation intensity of described ultraviolet generation device is 100 μ W/cm2Above, the output energy of uviol lamp is 100kj/m2；
Described uviol lamp installation method is: overhead about 1.5 meters, is mutually perpendicular to installation uviol lamp, every 20～30 cubic metres of space mounting one, and ultraviolet radiation is becoming 60～80 degree of angles with horizontal plane；
(2) concrete prevention and controls
1. the exposure dose 120000uW.s/cm accepted according to tomato early blight bacterium2—630000W.s/cm2, and ultraviolet generation device output intensity 1000 μ W/cm2, exposure dose (W.s/cm2)=irradiation time (s) × intensity (μ W/cm2), it is determined that irradiation time be: 50 minutes；Uviol lamp in use UV intensity will reduce 30%-70%, further according to exposure dose (W.s/cm2)=irradiation time (s) × intensity (μ W/cm2) determine required irradiation time, increase irradiation time in actual applications；
2. when tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight occurrence injury, utilize uviol lamp to be irradiated, when within 30 minutes, UV radiation intensity reaches stable, start to irradiate 45 minutes, early blight of tomato is inhibited, Continuous irradiation 5 days；
Example 2, prevention and controls of the present invention compare with conventional pesticide control, measure prevention effect；
(1) 600 times of liquid of 75% Bravo wettable powder are begun with at disease early period of origination, 50% thiophanate wettable powder 600 times liquid, 70% Mancozeb 700 times liquid, it is used alternatingly, sprayed medicine 1 time every 10 days, continuously spray 3 times.
(2) the UV-B fluorescent tube (240nm-340nm) of 100w is set in booth；The cellulose acetate membrane utilizing 0.08mm is coated away the uviol lamp of the UV-C of below 253mm wavelength components；Overhead about 1.5 meters, being mutually perpendicular to installation uviol lamp, every 20～30 cubic metres of space mounting one, ultraviolet radiation is becoming 60～80 degree of angles with horizontal plane；When tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight occurrence injury, uviol lamp is utilized to be irradiated, when within 30 minutes, UV radiation intensity reaches stable, start to irradiate 45 minutes, early blight of tomato is inhibited, Continuous irradiation 7 days, irradiates 15 minutes later every day, and a situation arises to measure disease after 10 days, 20 days, 30 days.
Claims (4)
1. one kind utilizes the method that uviol lamp prevents and treats tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight, it is characterised in that: the exposure dose 120000uW.s/cm 1. accepted according to tomato early blight bacterium2—630000W.s/cm2, and ultraviolet generation device output intensity 1000 μ W/cm2, exposure dose (W.s/cm2)=irradiation time (s) × intensity (μ W/cm2), it is determined that irradiation time be: 30 minutes-105 minutes, uviol lamp in use UV intensity will reduce 30%-70%, further according to exposure dose (W.s/cm2)=irradiation time (s) × intensity (μ W/cm2) determine required irradiation time, increase irradiation time in actual applications；
2. when tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight occurrence injury, uviol lamp is utilized to be irradiated, because uviol lamp is when radiant intensity reaches stable, need 15 minutes-30 minutes, so ultra-vioket radiation fatal dose was at 45-135 minute, Continuous irradiation time every day less than 80 minutes, more than 80 minutes, affect the conduction of signal in plant, hinder the normal vital movement of plant；So early blight of tomato is prevented and treated in process by ultraviolet, irradiate every day 45-80 minute, early blight of tomato is inhibited, Continuous irradiation 5-8 days, can killing pathogenic bacteria；The increase time, the suppression ratio of pathogenic bacteria is more big；When occurring without epidemic disease, every day irradiates 15-40 minute, can reduce in booth, the generation of disease pest.
2. a kind of method utilizing uviol lamp to prevent and treat tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ultraviolet generation device, the UV-B fluorescent tube (240nm-340nm) of 100w；The cellulose acetate membrane utilizing 0.08mm is coated away the UV-C of below 253mm wavelength components.
3. a kind of method utilizing uviol lamp to prevent and treat tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radiation intensity of described ultraviolet generation device is 100 μ W/cm2Above, the output energy of uviol lamp is 100kj/m2。
4. a kind of method utilizing uviol lamp to prevent and treat tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described uviol lamp installation method is: overhead about 1.5 meters, it is mutually perpendicular to installation uviol lamp, every 20～30 cubic metres of space mounting one, ultraviolet radiation is becoming 60～80 degree of angles with horizontal plane.
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| CN201410842162.XA CN105794551B (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2014-12-30 | A method of tomato in plastic greenhouse early blight is prevented and treated using ultraviolet lamp |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114303821A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 惠州市四季鲜绿色食品有限公司 | Water and fertilizer integrated planting method for greenhouse peppers |
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