CN105766385B - A kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield - Google Patents
A kind of plant protection method improving virus-free basic potato seed yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN105766385B CN105766385B CN201410818521.8A CN201410818521A CN105766385B CN 105766385 B CN105766385 B CN 105766385B CN 201410818521 A CN201410818521 A CN 201410818521A CN 105766385 B CN105766385 B CN 105766385B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plant protection methods for improving virus-free basic potato seed yield, it include: 1) to build production facility, 2) environment disinfected, 3) matrix prepares and pre-processes, 4) tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing, 5) cuttage is transplanted, 6) field management, 7) water management, 8) seedling management is pressed, 9) fertilizing management, 10) it harvests and sorts, with " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, beautiful cause 30g, the nutrition root-inducing agent that clear water 15L " is mixed carries out tissue-cultured seedling to be stained with root processing, further according to tissue-cultured seedling in seedling-slowing stage, potato wedge expanding stage, micro- potato harvest time and stolon form difference requirement of the phase to moisture, implement optimum moisture management, and the liquid nutritional fertilizer for applying different growth demands is poured after plantation tissue-cultured seedling, it will promote to grow, sterilization, it is antibacterial reasonable Control has achieved the purpose that improve output and quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to potato primary stock Cultivating techniques fields more particularly to a kind of raising virus-free basic potato seed to produce
The plant protection method of amount.
Background technique
Potato is the fourth-largest crops in the world after wheat, corn, rice, not only vitamin rich in
The B groups of vitamins such as B1, B2, B6 and pantothenic acid and a large amount of good fiber quality element, also contain microelement, amino acid, protein, rouge
The nutrients such as fat and high-quality starch are most economical anti-aging food.China is maximum potato producing country in the world, is accounted for
The 1/4 of global potato planting area.According to statistics, the cultivated area of China potato is up to 80,000,000 mu or so, but unscientific
Implantation methods cause yield lower, of poor quality, and income is less, seriously hinder the development of Potato Industry.
In recent years, with the fast development of tissue culture technique, potato seed tissue culture detoxifying fast breeding technique system, which becomes, solves horse
Bell potato kind sexual involution, the state-of-the-art technology for improving potato seed breeding coefficient, have potato yield, quality and greatly improve and improve.
Fail generally to establish for system however, virus-free seed potato is numerous, the production cost of virus-free seed potato is higher in addition, so that virus-free seed potato is for kind
Rate is lower, thus causes the high status of the market price, largely affects mentioning for potato production level
It is high.In order to solve the problems, such as that virus-free seed potato is low for kind of rate, Chinese patent CN 103155845A discloses a kind of efficiently low
Cost potato virus-free plantlet and original silkworm egg production technology first improve root-growing agent (NAA 200mg/L+IBA 200mg/L+ with CIP
H3BO335mg/L+ Tween-80 4mg/L+95% alcohol 66mL/L) be stained with root processing after coarse gradation pour and apply nutrient solution, reached and mentioned
High detoxification shoot survival percent promotes knot potato amount and stem block to expand, and then improves the purpose of yield, but this report is stained with used in root processing
CIP improvement root-growing agent is mixed with the chemical substance of simple function, and the processing that carried out disinfection using alcohol as thimerosal, these
Chemical substance is not only expensive, and bactericidal effect is restricted, and NAA, IBA, based on hestening rooting, there are function weights
Multiple problem, so that dosage is difficult to control, the later period carries out fertilizing management with nutrient solution in addition, more increases cost of investment.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: overcome above-mentioned at high cost, sterilization, Disinfection Effect is poor, root-growing agent dosage is difficult to
It control and applies fertilizer rough problem after planting, provides a kind of plant protection method for improving virus-free basic potato seed yield, use is excellent
Change nutrition root-inducing agent to carry out being stained with root processing, and disinfection nutrient solution is combined to carry out fertilizing management, promotes tissue-cultured seedling growth, stem to reach
Block expands, improves yield, the purpose of quality.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of improve virus-free basic potato seed yield plant protection method, comprising: 1) build production facility, 2) environment disappears
Poison, 3) matrix prepare and pre-process, 4) tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing, 5) cuttage transplanting, 6) field management, 7) moisture pipe
8) reason presses seedling management, 9) fertilizing management, 10) harvest and sorting, it is characterised in that: the tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing
In step 4), before cuttage transplanting, first according to the height and rugosity of potato detoxicating tissue-cultured seedling stem, it is classified as large, medium and small three-level
Seedling, the standard of seedlings are 9~10cm of plant height, 0.5~0.7mm of stem thickness；The standard of middle seedling is 7~9cm of plant height, stem thickness 0.6~
0.8mm；The standard of seedling is 4~6cm of plant height, 0.5~0.6mm of stem thickness；After classification, carry out being stained with root processing, method particularly includes: it will
Detoxic seedling is put into the nutrition mixed with " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, beautiful cause 30g, clear water 15L "
10~15min is impregnated in root-growing agent with root induction.
In the water management step 7), for make potato virus-free plantlet quickly, normal growth, it is swollen in seedling-slowing stage, potato wedge
Big phase, micro- potato harvest time, stolon form the phase using different water managements, specific moisture requirement are as follows:
A, seedling-slowing stage: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 30~40%, and surface is slightly dry, and each position is wet in cultivating stand
Degree is consistent；
B, stolon forms the phase: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 78~80%, and each position humidity one in cultivating stand
It causes；
C, potato wedge expanding stage: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 70%~80%；
D, micro- potato harvest time: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 40~50%, harvests first 10 days, stops watering.
In the fertilizing management step 9), is poured in the different growth phase of potato virus-free plantlet and applies different nutrient solutions,
To guarantee nutrient supply and the adjustment growth of detoxic seedling, specific fertilizer applications are as follows:
A, the 10th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model
10ml, Nai Er 20g, Jenner sea 20g, A Erfate 15ml, Amici are poured up to the nutrient solution that 10ml " is mixed and are applied；
B, the 17th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model
The nutrient solution that 20ml, Ma he 20ml, An Miante 15ml " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
C, the 20th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
The nutrient solution that 350g " is mixed, which pours, to be applied；
D, the 24th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, resistance to
The nutrient solution that 50g, the dead 30ml of worm match, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
E, the 31st day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Ma
The nutrient solution that he 50ml, An Miante 40ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
F, the 33rd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu uses " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, urea 350g "
The nutrient solution mixed, which pours, to be applied；
G, the 38th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, dove
50ml is breathed out, the nutrient solution that real 10ml, A Erfate 50ml " is mixed is earned and pours and apply；
H, the 45th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water, which lead to 30ml, the green 5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Ma, congratulates
60ml, beautiful cause 60g, the nutrient solution that happy 50ml " is mixed of pacifying the people are poured and are applied；
I, the 52nd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner
Extra large 90g, Nai Er 90g, Jin Lishi 15ml, worm match dead 75ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " and mix
Nutrient solution pour and apply；
J, the 59th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water, which lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, dove, to be breathed out
The nutrient solution that 90ml, An Miante 90ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
K, the 66th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml,
The battalion that Jenner sea 90g, Jin Lishi 15ml, atropic power 75ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " are mixed
Nutrient solution, which is poured, to be applied；
L. the 73rd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml,
Nai Er 90g, earn real 15ml, the nutrient solution that worm matches dead 75ml, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " is mixed is poured and is applied；
M, the 80th day after detoxic seedling cuttage is transplanted, mu, which is used, " the logical 45ml of water 45L, soft water, the green 7.5g in top, dove Kazakhstan 90ml, newly to be added
The nutrient solution that slope Li Nongjin man of great strength 15ml, A Erfate 75ml " is mixed, which pours, to be applied；
N, the 87th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, push up green 7.5g, Jenner sea 90g, earn
The nutrient solution that real 15ml, beautiful cause 90g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied.
Further, the kind long for breeding time, described fertilising step I, J, K can be repeated once, and guarantee potato foot
Enough growth times.
Technical principle and the utility model has the advantages that
Potato virus-free plantlet vulnerable to pollution, phenomena such as so as to cause yield and quality decline, in order to avoid tissue culture seedling pollution,
The present invention is sterilized using environment, matrix, and the method for root processing is stained in progress nutrition root-inducing agent before cuttage is planted, and is on the one hand reached
To the purpose of sterilization, disinfection；On the other hand induction tissue culture seedling rooting, Speedup of reproduction and breeding speed, and various nutrient elements of having arranged in pairs or groups, with
The supply for guaranteeing tissue-cultured seedling growth indispensable element applies liquid nutritional fertilizer in conjunction with pouring after detoxification transplantation of seedlings by stages, can both meet detoxification
The nutrient demand in seedling each growth period, and can be effectively controlled its growth.Compared with existing virus-free basic potato seed production method,
It has the advantage that:
1) battalion mixed using " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, beautiful cause 30g, clear water 15L "
It supports root-growing agent detoxic seedling is carried out to be stained with root processing, on the basis of existing root induction, is mixed, made by unit of compound fertilizer
Gained nutrition root-inducing agent not only has efficient sterilization, fungistatic effect, and can supplement detoxic seedling and grow required nutrient, significantly
Accelerate rooting rate.
2) it before detoxic seedling is stained with root processing, is classified according to the height and rugosity of potato detoxicating tissue-cultured seedling stem, in order to
Final-period management thereby reduces labour cost and time in actual mechanical process.
3) after detoxic seedling cuttage plantation, watering proce is divided into " seedling-slowing stage, stolon formation phase, potato wedge expanding stage and micro- potato
Harvest time " four-stage, and different moisture control is given in each stage, so that potato virus-free plantlet is in preferable wet always
In degree or moisture environment, the growth of potato is effectively facilitated, and improve survival rate.
4) after detoxic seedling cuttage plantation, the demand according to potato different growing stages to nutrient, when planting the 10th, 17 day
It applies fertilizer respectively, it is intended to promote the quick slow seedling of tissue-cultured seedling, raw new root, to enter normal growth state, and playing prevents disease pest from infecting
Effect；It applies fertilizer when planting the 20th day, accelerates tissue-cultured seedling slow seedling, takes root, supplementary fertilizer especially is carried out to small and weak tissue-cultured seedling, with
Achieve the purpose that Qi Miao；Plant the 24th, 31 day when with pour fertilising potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fertiliser containing magnesium based on, and combine pressure seedling management behaviour
Make, achievees the purpose that the formation for promoting potato stolon；Supplementary fertilizer is carried out when planting the 33rd day, accelerates tissue-cultured seedling growth, especially
It is to carry out supplementary fertilizer to small and weak tissue-cultured seedling, enhances the consistency between tissue-cultured seedling；When planting the 38th, 45 day, blade face is utilized
Fertilizer promotes the growth of tissue-cultured seedling, and tissue-cultured seedling is made to seal ridge as early as possible；Luxuriant and rich with fragrance model is applied when planting the 52nd day, pushes up green, fertiliser containing magnesium, biphosphate
Potassium reaches the photosynthetic efficiency for increasing potato, promotes expanding for stem tuber, and shifts organic centre to stem tuber；Plantation the 59th,
It applies fertilizer at 66 days, promotes the normal growth of potato plant, maintain the rate of photosynthisis of potato, and make potato plant overground part
It stops growing, organic centre is completely transferred to stem tuber；It applies fertilizer when planting the 73rd, 80 day, maintains the growth of potato plant, prevent
Only plant early ageing, and promote potato tubers potato skin aging, be conducive to harvest；It applies fertilizer, promotes in plant when planting the 87th day
Nutrition further shifted to potato wedge, promote the aging of potato skin, prevent potato skin lesion wound in harvest, and protect potato wedge, prevent from harvesting
Front and back germ is infected.
5) virus-free basic potato seed, the production of every square metre of virus-free basic potato seed are produced using technical solution of the present invention
The original silkworm egg ratio that amount (1g or more) reaches 700~900, especially 3g or more reaches 70% or more, it can be seen that, yield
It is significantly improved with quality.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described further combined with specific embodiments below, but does not limit interest field.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of improve virus-free basic potato seed yield plant protection method, comprising: 1) build production facility, 2) environment disappears
Poison, 3) matrix prepare and pre-process, 4) tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing, 5) cuttage transplanting, 6) field management, 7) moisture pipe
8) reason presses seedling management, 9) fertilizing management, 10) harvest and sorting, specific production stage are as follows:
1) production facility is built
1. installation: installation fly net, plastic greenhouse film and shading net guarantee that fly net is tight, no loophole；
2. site preparation: ground is gone to cut weeds in canopy, flattens, tamps；
3. cultivating stand requires: to guarantee cultivating stand and soil strict separation, it is desirable that its high 1.40m, wide 60cm, chassis are sky
3 pieces of heart brick (20cm × 20cm × 20cm), bed surface are 2 blocks of asbestos shingles of wide 70cm, and in asbestos shingle upper berth black gardening cloth.
2) environment disinfected
Plant detoxic seedling before 5~7 days, spray mu to " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, the happy 90ml that pacifies the people, Jenner sea 90g,
The sterilizing insecticide that beautiful cause 90g " is mixed is primary, it is desirable that sprays uniformly in place, has sprayed medicine rear enclosed plastic greenhouse film, made in canopy
Temperature increases, and continues 2~3 days, kills various fungies, bacterium in environment.
3) matrix prepares and pre-processes
1. cultivation matrix: using vermiculite for material, be made the culture medium with a thickness of 8cm, and add 15-15-15 compound fertilizer
100g/m2Then matrix is harrowed even with rake；
2. watering: 2 days before plantation detoxic seedling, watering to made matrix to irrigating；
3. cleaning culture medium: before plantation, the culture medium of tissue-cultured seedling root being cleaned with clear water.
4) tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing
1. classification: cuttage transplanting before, first according to potato detoxicating tissue-cultured seedling stem height and rugosity, be classified as it is big or middle,
Small three-level seedling, the standard of seedlings are 9~10cm of plant height, 0.5~0.7mm of stem thickness；The standard of middle seedling is 7~9cm of plant height, stem thickness
0.6~0.8mm；The standard of seedling is 4~6cm of plant height, 0.5~0.6mm of stem thickness；
2. being stained with root processing: by detoxic seedling be put into " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, beautiful cause 30g,
10~15min is impregnated in the nutrition root-inducing agent that clear water 15L " is mixed with root induction.
5) cuttage is transplanted
It when plantation, is first crossed on vermiculite with rake, is ditched on the line pulled with thin plate, pinch tissue-cultured seedling with finger
Root plants in ditch, then buries vermiculite, when plantation follow it is neat on tissue-cultured seedling under uneven principle, facilitate final-period management, plantation
Strain, line-spacing are respectively 4cm, 10cm, and as every square metre is colonized 250 plants.Planting depth is in 4cm, it is desirable that the root of detoxic seedling is not
Fertilizer layer can be touched, the depth of plantation is almost the same.
6) field management
1. being managed during Small plastic shed: after tissue culture seedlings of potatoes are planted, spraying clear water one time, put up small arch according to temperature
Canopy, the time for putting up Small plastic shed is 5~7 days.During putting up Small plastic shed, mainly temperature management, daytime should open small arch in time
Canopy ventilation opening covers greenhouse sunshade screen when temperature is high at noon, illumination is strong, makes temperature in Small plastic shed not more than
32 DEG C, Small plastic shed mouth is put up in time at dusk, 2 days before taking Small plastic shed off completely, when day temperature is high, takes Small plastic shed off,
Detoxic seedling is allowed to be adapted to；
2. temperature management: daytime opens Greenhouse ventilation opening in time, or takes the plastic film in part greenhouse off, puts up in time
Sunshade net makes high-temperature control at 30 DEG C or so；At dusk according to temperature change, timely lid plastic film or ventilation opening is transferred to conjunction
Suitable size makes nocturnal temperature keep suitable.
7) water management
For make potato virus-free plantlet quickly, normal growth, in seedling-slowing stage, potato wedge expanding stage, micro- potato harvest time, stolon shape
Different water managements, specific moisture requirement are used at the phase are as follows:
A, seedling-slowing stage: taking Small plastic shed off, is watered respectively according to the dry and wet degree of different location in each cultivating stand, watering one
As carried out in the morning of fine day, after watering, the water content of Medium Culture is made to be maintained at 30~40%, surface is slightly dry, and cultivates
Each position humidity is consistent in frame；
B, stolon forms the phase: shifting to an earlier date water storage in 1~2 day in pond to improve water temperature, is watered using sprinkling irrigation, according to greenhouse
The speed of interior temperature height and moisture evaporation, general 2~3 days are primary, and 40 minutes every time~1 hour or so, for each cultivation
Dry position is particularly easy in frame, individually water spray is mended wet, accomplishes that the water content of Medium Culture is made to be maintained at 78~80%, and plant
It is consistent to train each position humidity in frame；
C, potato wedge expanding stage: using the watering mode for forming the phase with stolon, the water content of Medium Culture is made to be maintained at 70%
~80%；
D, it micro- potato harvest time: according to the dry and wet degree of different location in each cultivating stand, waters respectively, makes containing for Medium Culture
Water quantity holding harvests first 10 days 40~50%, stops watering.
8) seedling management is pressed
After taking Small plastic shed off, 2 are carried out respectively after height of seedling 15cm (15d or so after plantation), 25cm (25d or so after plantation)
Secondary pressure seedling, specific practice is: pinning the top of tissue-cultured seedling with index finger, is embedded in vermiculite.It is after pressure seedling that the symptom of a trend is upward, every 5~7
It, tissue-cultured seedling root train vermiculite, about 5 centimetres of thickness.
9) fertilizing management
Poured in the different growth phase of potato virus-free plantlet and apply different nutrient solutions, with guarantee detoxic seedling nutrient supply and
Adjustment growth, specifically:
A, the 10th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model
10ml, Nai Er 20g, Jenner sea 20g, A Erfate 15ml, Amici are poured up to the nutrient solution that 10ml " is mixed and are applied；
B, the 17th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model
The nutrient solution that 20ml, Ma he 20ml, An Miante 15ml " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
Above twice in fertilizer applications, foliar fertilizer phenanthrene model and Si Dekaopu in formula mainly promote tissue-cultured seedling and quickly delay
Seedling, raw new root, makes it into normal growth state；And sterilizing insecticide mainly protects tissue-cultured seedling healthy growth, prevents disease pest
It infects.
C, the 20th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
The nutrient solution that 350g " is mixed, which pours, to be applied；
The fertilizer applications are first time a large amount of supplementary fertilizers, are mainly to speed up tissue-cultured seedling slow seedling, take root, and are compared when especially planting
Small and weak a part of tissue-cultured seedling.
D, the 24th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, resistance to
The nutrient solution that 50g, the dead 30ml of worm match, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
E, the 31st day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Ma
The nutrient solution that he 50ml, An Miante 40ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
Above twice in fertilizer applications, fertiliser containing magnesium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are applied, and combines pressure Miao Pei vermiculite, is mainly to speed up group
Seedling healthy growth is trained, the formation of potato stolon is promoted.
F, the 33rd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu uses " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, urea 350g "
The nutrient solution mixed, which pours, to be applied；
The fertilizer applications are second of a large amount of supplementary fertilizers, are mainly to speed up tissue-cultured seedling growth, especially promote to compare when plantation
Small and weak a part of tissue-cultured seedling growth, enhances the consistency between tissue-cultured seedling.
G, the 38th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, dove
50ml is breathed out, the nutrient solution that real 10ml, A Erfate 50ml " is mixed is earned and pours and apply；
H, the 45th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water, which lead to 30ml, the green 5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Ma, congratulates
60ml, beautiful cause 60g, the nutrient solution that happy 50ml " is mixed of pacifying the people are poured and are applied；
Fertilizer applications are mainly the growth for utilizing foliar fertilizer to promote tissue-cultured seedling twice above, and tissue-cultured seedling is made to seal ridge as early as possible.
I, the 52nd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner
Extra large 90g, Nai Er 90g, Jin Lishi 15ml, worm match dead 75ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " and mix
Nutrient solution pour and apply；
In the above fertilizer applications, foliar fertilizer phenanthrene model and the photosynthetic efficiency for pushing up green increase potato, fertiliser containing magnesium and potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Promote expanding for potato tubers, pesticide gold man of great strength inhibits the growth of overground part, shifts organic centre to stem tuber.
J, the 59th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water, which lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, dove, to be breathed out
The nutrient solution that 90ml, An Miante 90ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
K, the 66th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml,
The battalion that Jenner sea 90g, Jin Lishi 15ml, atropic power 75ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " are mixed
Nutrient solution, which is poured, to be applied；
Above twice in fertilizer applications, foliar fertilizer promotes the normal growth of potato plant, maintains the photosynthetic strong of potato
Degree, the golden man of great strength of second of application make potato plant overground part stop growing, and organic centre is completely transferred to stem tuber.
L. the 73rd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml,
Nai Er 90g, earn real 15ml, the nutrient solution that worm matches dead 75ml, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " is mixed is poured and is applied；
M, the 80th day after detoxic seedling cuttage is transplanted, mu, which is used, " the logical 45ml of water 45L, soft water, the green 7.5g in top, dove Kazakhstan 90ml, newly to be added
The nutrient solution that slope Li Nongjin man of great strength 15ml, A Erfate 75ml " is mixed, which pours, to be applied；
Above twice in fertilizer applications, foliar fertilizer phenanthrene model, Si Dekaopu, the green growth for maintaining potato plant in top are prevented
Plant early ageing, the application for earning real and golden man of great strength promote the skin aging of potato tubers potato, are conducive to harvest.
N, the 87th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, push up green 7.5g, Jenner sea 90g, earn
The nutrient solution that real 15ml, beautiful cause 90g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied.
It in the above fertilizer applications, pushes up the green nutrition promoted in plant and is further shifted to potato wedge, earn real promotion potato skin aging,
Potato skin lesion wound in harvest is prevented, Jenner sea and beautiful cause then protect potato wedge, prevent infecting for before and after harvest germ.
For the kind that breeding time is long, described fertilising step I, J, K be can be repeated once, and guarantee the enough growths of potato
Time.
10) it harvests and sorts,
1. harvest: according to the breeding time of different cultivars, 7~10d of breeding time is harvested in advance, is harvested first 3~5 days, is manually pulled out
Except aerial part plant, selection is harvested in fine day.
2. sorting counts: after harvest, drying 5~7 days, being sorted according to the weight of original silkworm egg is 7 ranks, is followed successively by
1g or less, 1~2g, 2~3g, 3~5g, 5~10g, 10~20g, 20g or more.It after sorting, is counted with counting machine, 1~2g rank
Per packed 8000,2~3g rank is per packed 5000, and for 3~5g per packed 3000,5~10g rank is packed 1500 every,
10~20g rank is per packed 1000, and 20g or more is per packed 500.
Sorted to count, count discovery, every square metre of virus-free basic potato seed yield (1g or more) reaches 700~900
Grain, the original silkworm egg proportion of especially 3g or more reaches 70% or more, is much higher than in current industry 400~500 flat
It is horizontal, illustrate to produce virus-free basic potato seed using technical solution of the present invention, is remarkably improved virus-free basic potato seed
Yield and quality.
Claims (3)
1. it is a kind of improve virus-free basic potato seed yield plant protection method, comprising: 1) build production facility, 2) environment disinfected,
3) matrix prepares and pretreatment, 4) tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing, 5) cuttage transplanting, 6) field management, 7) water management, 8)
Press seedling management, 9) fertilizing management, 10) harvest and sorting, it is characterised in that: the tissue-cultured seedling is classified and is stained with root processing step 4)
In, before cuttage transplanting, first according to the height and rugosity of potato detoxicating tissue-cultured seedling stem, it is classified as large, medium and small three-level seedling, greatly
The standard of seedling is 9~10cm of plant height, 0.5~0.7mm of stem thickness；The standard of middle seedling is 7~9cm of plant height, 0.6~0.8mm of stem thickness；It is small
The standard of seedling is 4~6cm of plant height, 0.5~0.6mm of stem thickness；After classification, carry out being stained with root processing, method particularly includes: detoxic seedling is put
Enter in the nutrition root-inducing agent mixed with " Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 7.5ml, Jenner sea 30g, beautiful cause 30g, clear water 15L "
10~15min is impregnated with root induction；In the fertilizing management step 9), poured in the different growth phase of potato virus-free plantlet
Different nutrient solutions is applied, to guarantee nutrient supply and the adjustment growth of detoxic seedling, specific fertilizer applications are as follows:
A, the 10th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 10ml, resistance to
That 20g, Jenner sea 20g, A Erfate 15ml, Amici are poured up to the nutrient solution that 10ml " is mixed and are applied；
B, the 17th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 15L, soft water lead to 10ml, Si Dekaopu 1.25g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 20ml, Ma
The nutrient solution that he 20ml, An Miante 15ml " is mixed, which pours, to be applied；
C, the 20th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu uses " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 350g "
The nutrient solution mixed, which pours, to be applied；
D, the 24th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Nai Er
The nutrient solution that 50g, the dead 30ml of worm match, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
E, the 31st day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water, which lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Ma, congratulates
The nutrient solution that 50ml, An Miante 40ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
F, the 33rd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu " water 100L, soft water lead to 50ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, urea 350g " mixing
Made of nutrient solution pour and apply；
G, the 38th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 30L, soft water, which lead to 30ml, Si Dekaopu 5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, dove, to be breathed out
50ml, it earns the nutrient solution that real 10ml, A Erfate 50ml " is mixed and pours and apply；
H, the 45th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu with " water 30L, soft water lead to 30ml, the green 5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 50ml, Ma congratulate 60ml,
Beautiful cause 60g, the nutrient solution that happy 50ml " is mixed of pacifying the people are poured and are applied；
I, the 52nd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jin Nahai
90g, Nai Er 90g, Jin Lishi 15ml, worm match dead 75ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " and mix
Nutrient solution, which pours, to be applied；
J, the 59th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water, which lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, dove, to be breathed out
The nutrient solution that 90ml, An Miante 90ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
K, the 66th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Jenner
The nutrient solution that extra large 90g, Jin Lishi 15ml, atropic power 75ml, Singapore benefit agriculture fertiliser containing magnesium 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " are mixed
It pours and applies；
L. the 73rd day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, Si Dekaopu 7.5g, luxuriant and rich with fragrance model 75ml, Nai Er
90g, earn real 15ml, the nutrient solution that worm matches dead 75ml, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 45g " is mixed is poured and is applied；
M, the 80th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water, which lead to 45ml, the green 7.5g in top, dove, breathes out 90ml, Singapore's benefit
The nutrient solution that agriculture gold man of great strength 15ml, A Erfate 75ml " are mixed, which pours, to be applied；
N, the 87th day after detoxic seedling cuttage transplanting, mu is with " water 45L, soft water lead to 45ml, push up green 7.5g, Jenner sea 90g, earn reality
The nutrient solution that 15ml, beautiful cause 90g " are mixed, which pours, to be applied.
2. a kind of plant protection method for improving virus-free basic potato seed yield as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Water management step 7) in, for make potato virus-free plantlet quickly, normal growth, seedling-slowing stage, potato wedge expanding stage, micro- potato harvest
Phase, stolon form the phase using different water managements, specific moisture requirement are as follows:
A, seedling-slowing stage: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 30~40%, and surface is slightly dry, and each position humidity one in cultivating stand
It causes；
B, stolon forms the phase: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 78~80%, and each position humidity is consistent in cultivating stand；
C, potato wedge expanding stage: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 70%~80%；
D, micro- potato harvest time: the water content of Medium Culture is maintained at 40~50%, harvests first 10 days, stops watering.
3. a kind of plant protection method for improving virus-free basic potato seed yield as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: for
The kind of breeding time length, described fertilising step I, J, K can be repeated once, and guarantee the enough growth times of potato.
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| CN108966985A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-11 | 广西浪伏茶业股份有限公司 | A kind of method of Ling Yaoxing and plum interplanting |
| CN109042198A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2018-12-21 | 云南省农业技术推广总站 | A kind of tissue culture seedlings of potatoes Field planting breeding method |
| CN110583459A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-20 | 定西马铃薯研究所(普通合伙) | Method for breeding potato breeder seeds by using coconut coir as matrix |
| CN112042521A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-08 | 阳山县三连阳生态农林开发有限公司 | Transplanting method for test-tube plantlet of rhizome plant |
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