CN105489796A - 电池组壳体、电池组和使用电池组作为电源的装置 - Google Patents
电池组壳体、电池组和使用电池组作为电源的装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 118
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了电池组壳体、电池组和使用电池组作为电源的装置。电池组壳体被构造成接纳电池模块组件,电池模块组件包括顺序堆叠的多个电池模块,每个电池模块具有安装在其中多个电池单体或单元模块,其中在冷却剂入口和冷却剂出口彼此相反的状态下冷却剂入口和冷却剂出口分别位于电池组壳体的上部和下部处,使得用于冷却单元模块的冷却剂在与其中单元模块被堆叠的方向垂直的方向上从电池模块的一侧流动到电池模块的相反侧,并且用于引导冷却剂的流动的倾斜板被设置在电池组壳体和电池模块之间。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2014年10月6日向韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2014-0134147的优先权,其公开通过引用以其整体被并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有有效冷却结构的电池组壳体。
背景技术
近年来,能够被充电和放电的二次电池已被广泛用作无线移动装置的能源。另外,二次电池作为电动汽车(EV)和混合动力汽车(HEV)的电源已吸引了相当大的关注,电动车辆(EV)和混合动力车辆(HEV)被开发以解决由现有的使用化石燃料的汽油和柴油车辆引起的空气污染等问题。
小型移动装置对于每个装置使用一个或几个电池单体。另一方面,中型或大型装置诸如车辆,使用包括彼此电连接的多个电池单体的中型或大型电池模块,因为对于中型或大型装置而言高输出和大容量是必要的。
优选地,中型或大型电池模块被制造以便具有尽可能小的尺寸和重量。由于这个原因,能够以高集成度堆叠并且具有小的重量容量比的棱柱形电池或袋形电池通常被用作中型或大型电池模块的电池单体。特别地,当前许多关注集中在袋形电池上,袋形电池使用铝层压片作为覆盖构件,因为袋形电池重量轻,袋形电池的制造成本低,并且易于修改袋形电池的形状。
为了使中型或大型电池模块提供预定的装置或装置所需的输出和容量,需要中型或大型电池模块被构造成具有如下结构,其中多个电池单体被彼此串联或并联地电连接,并且电池单体对外力是稳定的。
另外,组成中型或大型电池模块的电池单体是能够被充电和放电的二次电池。因此,在二次电池的充电和放电期间,从高输出、大容量的二次电池产生大量热量。如果在单元单体的充电和放电期间从中型或大型电池模块的单元单体产生的热量未被从单元单体有效地移除,在单元单体中积聚热量,结果导致单元单体的劣化被加剧。根据情况,单元单体可能着火或爆炸。由于这个原因,作为高输出、大容量电池的用于车辆的电池组,需要冷却系统以用于冷却安装在电池组中的电池单体。
然而,常规的冷却系统被构造成具有其中贯穿电池组形成信号通道的结构。结果是,电池单体可能不被均匀冷却。而且,电池组被设计使得机械结构和冷却系统彼此分离。因此,在电池组的内部空间较小的情况下,可能难以设计和制造电池组。
因此,高度需要能够根本解决以上问题的技术。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明被做出以解决以上问题和尚未解决的其它技术问题。
本发明的目的是提供一种电池组壳体,其被构造成使得电池组壳体设置有一对冷却剂入口,所述一对冷却剂入口限定分开的冷却剂通道使得两个电池模块组被独立冷却,并且倾斜板设置在电池组壳体和每个电池模块组之间限定的空间中,从而防止在单元模块或电池单体之间的冷却中的不均匀性,并且另外提高电池组壳体的强度。
技术方案
根据本发明的一个方面,通过提供如下电池组壳体能够实现以上和其它目的,电池组壳体被构造成接纳电池模块组件,电池模块组件包括顺序堆叠的多个电池模块,每个电池模块具有安装在其中多个电池单体或单元模块,其中,在冷却剂入口和冷却剂出口彼此相反的状态下,冷却剂入口和冷却剂出口分别位于电池组壳体的上部和下部处,使得用于冷却单元模块的冷却剂在与其中单元模块被堆叠的方向垂直的方向上从电池模块的一侧流动到电池模块的相反侧,并且用于引导冷却剂的流动的倾斜板被设置在电池组壳体和电池模块之间。
如上所述,由于倾斜板被设置在根据本发明的电池组壳体和电池模块之间,所以能够有效地冷却电池单体或单元模块,并且另外能够提高电池组壳体的强度。
在具体的实施例中,倾斜板可被一体地形成在电池组壳体上。
电池单体不被特别限制,只要电池单体是能够被充电和放电的二次电池。优选地,电池单体中的每一个可以是镍-金属氢化物二次电池或使用锂离子作为介质的锂二次电池。例如,电池单体中的每一个可以是在有限空间中提供高堆叠率的板形电池单体。板形电池单体是具有小的厚度和相对大的宽度和长度的电池单体,当板形电池单体被堆叠以组成电池模块时可使电池模块的总尺寸最小化。
镍-金属氢化物二次电池是其中镍被用作正电极、储氢合金被用作负电极并且碱性溶液被用作电解质的二次电池。镍-金属氢化物二次电池具有等于镍镉电池的2倍的每单位体积的能量密度。镍-金属氢化物二次电池可具有比镍镉电池大的容量。另外,镍-金属氢化物二次电池可比镍镉电池更好地经受过放电和过充电,并且可具有比镍镉电池更大的每单位体积的容量。因此,镍-金属氢化物二次电池可被优选地用作电动车辆或混合动力电动车辆的能源。
对于锂二次电池,例如LiCoO2等金属氧化物被用作正电极活性材料,并且碳被作用负电极活性材料。通过将多孔聚合物的分隔物放置在负电极和正电极之间并且将包含锂盐诸如LiPF6的无水电解溶液注入其中来制造锂二次电池。充电期间,锂离子被从正电极活性材料释放,并且被插入到负电极的碳层中。另一方面,放电期间,锂离子被从碳层释放,并且被插入到正电极活性材料中。无水电解溶液被用作介质,通过介质锂离子在负电极和正电极之间移动。由于锂二次电池表现出高能量密度和操作电压以及卓越的保持和服役寿命特性,锂二次电池可被优选地用作各种各样的电子产品、电动车辆或混合动力电动车辆的能源。
在具体实施例中,电池单体中的每一个可被构造成具有如下结构,其中电极组件被安装在由层压片制成的电池壳体中,层压片包括金属层和树脂层,然后通过热结合来密封电池壳体的外边缘。具体地,电池单体中的每一个可被构造成具有如下结构,其中电极组件被安装在由铝层压片制成的袋形电池壳体中。具有上述构造的电池单体也可被称为袋形电池单体。
可通过由合成树脂或金属材料制成的高强度单体盖覆盖两个或更多个电池单体以构成单元模块。高强度单体盖可保护表现出低机械强度的电池单体,并且可抑制电池单体的充电和放电期间的重复的膨胀和收缩波动,从而防止电池单体的被密封部分之间的分离。因此,能够制造表现出更高安全性的中型或大型电池模块。
在具体实施例中,单元模块中的每一个可包括两个或更多个电池单体和一对彼此联接的高强度单体盖,高强度单体盖用于包围除电池单体的电极端子之外的电池单体的外表面。
同时,冷却剂可以是例如空气。然而,本发明不限于此。
在具体示例中,电池组壳体可包括一对上壳体和下壳体。例如,上壳体可设置有一对冷却剂入口,冷却剂通过冷却剂入口从电池模块的一侧沿上壳体和倾斜板之间的空间流动到电池模块的相反侧,并且下壳体可设置有冷却剂出口,通过冷却剂入口引入的冷却剂通过冷却剂出口被排出,冷却剂入口与冷却剂出口相反。
冷却剂入口可包括第一冷却剂入口和第二冷却剂入口,冷却剂通过第一冷却剂入口被引入第一电池模块组中,冷却剂通过第二冷却剂入口被引入第二电池模块组中,并且可沿第一冷却剂入口和第二冷却剂入口之间的虚拟的垂直中心线形成冷却剂出口。
第一冷却剂入口和第二冷却剂入口可被彼此间隔开,使得第一冷却剂入口和第二冷却剂入口限定分开的冷却剂通道。
在以上结构中,冷却剂可穿过第一冷却剂入口和第一冷却剂入口被单独地引入,然后可穿过冷却剂出口以混合状态被排出。
在具体实例中,第一冷却剂入口和第二冷却剂入口可被形成在上壳体的上部,并且当在竖直截面中观察时可与冷却剂入口成60至120度的角度地布置冷却剂出口。
根据本发明,倾斜板可被设置在电池组壳体与电池模块组件的上部和/或下部之间。例如,倾斜板可被构造使得当在竖直截面中观察时倾斜板的高度从冷却剂入口到冷却剂出口线性地减小。
具体地,倾斜板在其与第一和第二电池模块组中的每一个的顶部表面对应的区域可被设置有倾斜表面,倾斜表面向上突起使得冷却剂沿倾斜表面流动。
根据情况,倾斜板可被构造使得当在竖直截面中观察时倾斜板的高度从冷却剂入口到冷却剂出口线性地增大。
根据本发明,电池组壳体可被构造成使得电池组壳体在单元模块堆叠的方向上的长度大于电池组壳体在单元模块的宽度方向上的长度。
在具体实施例中,冷却剂出口的宽度可等于电池组壳体的宽度的10至70%。
根据情况,用于驱动冷却剂流动的风扇可被安装在冷却剂入口和/或冷却剂出口中。
根据本发明的其它方面,提供了构造成具有如下结构的电池组,其中两个或更多个电池模块被安装在具有上述构造的电池组壳体中,并且提供了使用电池模块或电池组作为电源的装置。
可通过基于期望的输出和容量结合电池模块来制造根据本发明的电池组。考虑到如上所述的安装效率和结构稳定性,电池组可被用作具有有限的安装空间并且暴露于频繁的振动和强冲击的电动车辆、混合动力电动车辆、插电式混合动力电动车辆或电力存储设备的电源;然而,本发明不限于此。
所述装置的结构和制造方法在本发明从属的领域中是众所周知的,并且因此将略去其详细的描述。
附图说明
从结合附图的下列详细描述可更清楚地理解本发明的以上和其它目的、特征和其它优点,其中:
图1是示出根据本发明的实施例的袋形电池单体的透视图;
图2是示出单体盖的透视图,其中将安装两个电池单体,图1中示出了两个电池单体中的一个;
图3是示出根据本发明的实施例的电池组的透视图;
图4是示出图3的电池组的截面视图;
图5是示出安装有根据本发明的实施例的倾斜板的电池组的透视图;
图6是示出其中安装有根据本发明的实施例的电池模块的电池组的透视图;
图7是沿图6的线A-A’截取的截面视图;并且
图8是沿图6的线B-B’截取的截面视图。
具体实施方式
现在,将参照附图详细描述本发明的示例性实施例。然而,应注意本发明的范围不限于图示的实施例。
图1是典型地示出袋形电池单体的透视图,并且图2是示出单体盖的透视图,其中将安装两个电池单体以组成单元模块,图1中示出了两个电池单体中的一个。
参照这些图,袋形电池单体50被构造成具有如下结构,其中两个电极引线51和52分别从电池单体本体53的上端和下端突出,使得电极引线51和52彼此相反。覆盖构件54包括上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分。即,覆盖构件54是两单元构件。在其中电极组件(未示出)被安装在限定在覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分之间的接纳部分中的状态下,作为覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分的接触区域的相反侧55、上端56和下端57被彼此结合,从而制造电池单体50。
覆盖构件54被构造成具有包括树脂层、金属箔层和树脂层的层压结构。因此,能够通过对覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分的相反侧55、上端56和下端57施加热和压力以便熔化其树脂层,使覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分的彼此接触的相反侧55、上端56和下端57彼此结合。根据情况,可使用粘合剂使覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分的相反侧55、上端56和下端57彼此结合。对于覆盖构件54的相反侧55,覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分的相同的树脂层彼此直接接触,从而通过熔化来实现在覆盖构件54的相反侧55的均匀的密封。另一方面,对于覆盖构件54的上端56和下端57,电极引线51和52分别从覆盖构件54的上端56和下端57突出。由于这个原因,考虑到电极引线51和52的厚度以及电极引线51和52与覆盖构件54之间的材料差异,在其中膜式密封构件58被置于电极端子51和52与覆盖构件54之间的状态下,覆盖构件54的上覆盖部分和下覆盖部分的上端56和下端57被彼此热结合,以便增加覆盖构件54的可密封性。
单体盖100具有安装在其中的两个袋形电池单体(未示出),其中的一个被示出在图1中。单体盖100不仅用于增大电池单体的机械强度,而且用于使电池单体能够被容易地安装到模块壳体(未示出)。在位于电池单体中的一个的一侧的电极端子与另一个电池单体的一侧的电极端子串联连接,并且将电池单体的电极端子的连接部分弯曲使得以紧密接触方式布置电池单体的状态下,将电池单体安装在单体盖100中。
单体盖100包括一对构造成彼此联接的构件110和120。单体盖100由高强金属钢制成。用于使模块能够容易地固定的台阶130被形成在单体盖的左侧和右侧边缘处,并且具有相同功能的台阶140也被形成在单体盖100的上端和下端处。另外,固定部分150被形成在单体盖100的上端和下端处,使得固定部分150在单体盖100的宽度方向上延伸。因此,单体盖100被容易地安装到模块壳体(未示出)。
图3是典型地示出根据本发明的实施例的电池组的透视图,并且图4是典型地示出图3的电池组的截面视图。
参照这些图,电池组100被构造成具有如下结构,其包括:在电池组100的纵向方向上堆叠的多个电池模块(未示出),电池模块中的每一个包括多个单元模块(未示出),每个单元模块包括多个电池单体100;电池组壳体(未示出),包括上壳体220和下壳体210;和安装在电池模块与上壳体220之间的倾斜板230。
上壳体220设置有一对冷却剂入口221和222,并且下壳体210设置有冷却剂出口211,冷却剂出口211与冷却剂入口221和222相反。另外,上壳体220在其顶部表面处设置有多个凸筋(bead)223用于增大电池组200的强度。
倾斜板230被构造成使得倾斜板230的高度从冷却剂入口221和222到冷却剂出口211逐渐减小。
图5是典型地示出安装有根据本发明的实施例的倾斜板的电池组的透视图,图6是典型地示出其中安装有根据本发明的实施例的电池模块的电池组的透视图,图7是沿图6的线A-A’截取的截面视图,并且图8是沿图6的线B-B’截取的截面视图。
参照这些图连同图1至4,电池组200包括一对布置成两行的电池模块组300和500。电池模块组300包括六个单元模块301、302、303、304、305和306,其中的每一个包括四个电池单体100。相似地,电池模块组300包括五个单元模块501、502、503、504和505,其中的每一个包括四个电池单体100。
倾斜板230被安装在电池模块组300和500上。倾斜板230在其对应于电池模块组300和500的顶部表面的区域处设置有倾斜表面231。倾斜表面231中的每一个被构造使得倾斜表面231中的每一个的高度从冷却剂入口221和222到冷却剂出口211逐渐减小。
结果是,通过形成在各自的倾斜板230处的倾斜表面231将电池模块组300和500彼此在空间上分离。因此,穿过冷却剂入口221引入的冷却剂冷却电池模块组300,并且穿过冷却剂入口222引入的冷却剂冷却电池模块组500。冷却之后,冷却剂以混合状态穿过冷却剂出口211被排出。
尽管为了图示目的已经公开了本发明的示例性实施例,但本领域技术人员应理解,在不脱离如所附权利要求中公开的发明的范围和精神的情况下,各种各样的变型、增加和替换是可能的。
工业实用性
如从以上描述是显而易见的,根据本发明的电池组被构造成具有如下结构,其中用于引导冷却剂的流动的倾斜板被设置在电池组壳体和电池模块之间。因此,能够增大电池组壳体的强度,并且另外,能够有效降低电池单体或单元单体的温度。
另外,根据本发明的电池组被构造成具有如下结构,其中冷却剂入口被分开地设置在电池组壳体的与冷却剂出口相反的区域处,使得冷却剂入口分别对应于电池模块。结果是,冷却剂的流动长度和速度被减半。因此,能够减小发生在电池模块中在冷却剂流动方向上的温度偏差和压力差。
Claims (23)
1.一种电池组壳体,所述电池组壳体被构造成接纳电池模块组件,所述电池模块组件包括顺序地堆叠的多个电池模块,每个所述电池模块中安装有多个电池单体或单元模块,其中:
在冷却剂入口和冷却剂出口彼此相反的状态下,所述冷却剂入口和所述冷却剂出口分别位于所述电池组壳体的上部和下部处,使得用于冷却所述单元模块的冷却剂在与所述单元模块堆叠所沿的方向垂直的方向上从所述电池模块的一侧流动到所述电池模块的相反侧,并且
用于引导所述冷却剂的流动的倾斜板被设置在所述电池组壳体和所述电池模块之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述倾斜板被一体地形成在所述电池组壳体处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述电池单体中的每一个是镍-金属氢化物二次电池或锂二次电池。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述电池单体是袋形电池单体,所述袋形电池单体具有安装在由层压片制成的电池壳体中的电极组件,所述层压片包括金属层和树脂层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述单元模块中的每一个包括:两个或更多个电池单体,所述电池单体的电极端子彼此串联连接,所述电极端子的连接部分被弯曲使得所述电池单体被以堆叠状态布置;和一对高强度的单体盖,所述一对高强度的单体盖彼此联接以用于包围除了所述电池单体的所述电极端子之外的所述电池单体的外表面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述冷却剂是空气。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述电池组壳体包括一对上壳体和下壳体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述上壳体设置有一对冷却剂入口,冷却剂通过所述冷却剂入口而从所述电池模块的一侧沿所述上壳体和所述倾斜板之间的空间流动到所述电池模块的相反侧,并且所述下壳体设置有冷却剂出口,通过所述冷却剂入口引入的所述冷却剂通过所述冷却剂出口被排出,所述冷却剂入口与所述冷却剂出口相反。
9.根据权利要求8所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述冷却剂入口包括第一冷却剂入口和第二冷却剂入口,冷却剂通过所述第一冷却剂入口被引入第一电池模块组中,冷却剂通过所述第二冷却剂入口被引入第二电池模块组中,并且所述冷却剂出口沿所述第一冷却剂入口和所述第二冷却剂入口之间的虚拟的垂直中心线形成。
10.根据权利要求8所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述第一冷却剂入口和所述第二冷却剂入口被彼此间隔开,使得所述第一冷却剂入口和所述第一冷却剂入口限定分开的冷却剂通道。
11.根据权利要求8所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述冷却剂通过所述第一冷却剂入口和所述第二冷却剂入口被分别地引入,然后通过所述冷却剂出口以混合状态被排出。
12.根据权利要求8所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述第一冷却剂入口和所述第二冷却剂入口形成在所述上壳体的上部处,并且当在竖直截面中观察时,所述冷却剂出口相对于所述冷却剂入口以60度至120度的角度布置。
13.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述倾斜板被设置在所述电池组壳体与所述电池模块组件的上部和/或下部之间。
14.根据权利要求13所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述倾斜板被构造成使得当在竖直截面中观察时所述倾斜板的高度从所述冷却剂入口到所述冷却剂出口线性地减小。
15.根据权利要求13所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述倾斜板被构造成使得当在竖直截面中观察时所述倾斜板的高度从所述冷却剂入口到所述冷却剂出口线性地增加。
16.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述电池组壳体被构造成使得所述电池组壳体的在所述单元模块堆叠的方向上的长度大于所述电池组壳体的在所述单元模块的宽度方向上的长度。
17.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,所述冷却剂出口的宽度等于所述电池组壳体的宽度的10%至70%。
18.根据权利要求1所述的电池组壳体,其中,用于驱动所述冷却剂流动的风扇被安装在所述冷却剂入口和/或所述冷却剂出口中。
19.一种电池组,所述电池组被构造成具有如下结构,即:电池模块组件被安装在根据权利要求1至18中的任一项的电池组壳体中。
20.一种使用电池组作为电源的装置,其中,所述电池组是根据权利要求19所述的电池组。
21.根据权利要求20的所述装置,其中,所述装置是电动车辆或电力存储设备。
22.根据权利要求20的所述装置,其中,所述装置是混合动力电动车辆。
23.根据权利要求20的所述装置,其中,所述装置是插电式混合动力电动车辆。
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WO2016056774A1 (ko) | 2016-04-14 |
CN205159382U (zh) | 2016-04-13 |
KR101803958B1 (ko) | 2017-12-28 |
CN105489796B (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
US20170309980A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
US10944138B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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