CN105255777B - Utilize the method for pig manure and mushroom residue production biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides the process of the microorganism Bacillus subtilis Lys 979 and its fermenting and preparing biological organic fertilizer used in a kind of efficiently Rapid Fermentation pig manure and mushroom residue；Bacillus subtilis Lys 979 deposit number is CGMCC No.11333, and with the fermentation pig manure and mushroom residue of the bacterial strain, 18~22 days quick compostings for completing fermentation base-material, physical and chemical index meets organic fertilizer new standard；And compound on this basis with feature biocontrol agent, the biological organic fertilizer that there is preventing and treating function to crop disease and insect is made, fundamentally solves current production farming and animal husbandry excrement and stalk residue contamination, and compost fermentation overlong time, the problem of cost is high, promote sustainable development of agricultural production.

Description

Utilize the method for pig manure and mushroom residue production biological organic fertilizer

Technical field

Agriculture wastes are the present invention relates to the use of and turn waste into wealth, obtain the production method of biological organic fertilizer, belong to organic Fertile biological technical field.

Background technology

Pig is China's maximum herding pillar industry, and pork is the maximum meat product of China's consumption, and China gives birth within 2014 Pig delivers 735,100,000 for sale, 56,710,000 tons of pork yield.However, large scale of pig farm brings substantial amounts of pig manure, 100 kilograms every The daily fecaluria discharge of live pig is up to 10 kilograms.Pig manure foul smell nausea, parasitic ovum is exceeded, should not be directly as fertilizer application, less Can arbitrarily it discharge.The processing method of pig manure has biogas fermentation method, compost fermentation method, direct returning to farmland method etc. at present.Such as, Qin Yinglin makes With Japanese EM bacterium, a kind of " a kind of method that organic fertilizer is produced using pig manure ", publication number are disclosed:CN103964942A；Huang Jian " a kind of method for handling pig manure production organic fertilizer ", publication number have been invented using solar energy isolation moist chamber by state：CN101279861B. The investment of biogas fermentation method is larger, equally faces the harmless treatment of biogas slurry and biogas residue.Spontaneous fermentation compost overlong time, is often needed Taking the 3-6 times more than month could complete；Direct returning to farmland method dynamics is limited, and effect is slow, can be to fertilising person's phychology and body band To adversely affect, if improper use can also burn seedlings.Thus it is clear that efficiently, rapidly recycling, harmless treatment pig manure, pig manure is become Waste be changed into values, has become prominent environmental problem.

In addition, the yield of Chinese mushroom has reached the 70.6% of world mushroom total output in 2002, turn into the world Maximum Mushroom production state, country of consumption and exported country.2014, Chinese mushroom yield was close to 9,000,000 tons, waste residue after Mushroom production Enormous amount, it is a kind of organic matter resource that can turn waste into wealth up to more than 15,000,000 tons, mushroom residue mainly has corncob, saw Wood chip, wheat bran etc. are formed, and cellulose, hemicellulose level are higher, quality pine comb, and the structure for adjusting soil is used for after fermented, Keep soil from packing together, there is good opsonic action.

The recycling of agricultural wastes, Market research have been the focuses of agriculture application field, and correlative study report is more, It is domestic that progressively science, practicality, the technique of operability, technology, method are compared in accumulation and formation.Such as, Hubei Province's agricultural section Plant protection clay fertilizer research institute of institute has applied for " a kind of fertile medicine double effect biological organic fertilizer for preventing and treating soil-borne disease of crop and its a making The patent of invention (application number, CN201210307075) of method ", species are up to more than 10 kinds used in this method, due to bacterium Strain is more, it is difficult to control shifting in fermentation process, is not easy to agricultural production practical operation.

The content of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of rapidly and efficiently fermentation pig manure and mushroom residue production biological organic The process of fertilizer, pig manure and mushroom residue are through bacillus subtilis Lys-979 quick compostings, deodorization；Compound again with antagonism or Suppress the probiotics of crop harmful fungoid (e.g., rice sheath blight disease, sickle-like bacteria, aspergillus flavus, tobacco black shank etc.), e.g., withered grass bud Spore bacillus CGMCC No.2495, or bacillus subtilis Lys-67, or insect suppress bacterial strain thuringiensis AS1.433. Existing fertilizer efficiency is obtained, the biological organic fertilizer for there are controlling crop diseases and insect pests again, farming and animal husbandry waste pollution resource is turned waste into wealth, and lead to Cross following steps realization.

Therefore, first goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of bacillus subtilis Lys-979 (Bacillus Subtilis), wherein the Lys-979 bacterial strains have been preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation management committee on 09 08th, 2015 Member's meeting common micro-organisms center, preserving number：CGMCC No.11333, depositary institution address：BeiChen West Road, Chaoyang District, BeiJing City 1 Institute 3.

(1) the present invention provides a kind of high temperature Rapid Fermentation microbial inoculum.

Fermentation strain Lys-979 acquisition：The maize straw, straw, tobacco rod of garden high temperature pile fermentation are weeded from Agricultural University Of Hunan Separating obtained in heap, through Morphological Identification and 16S RNA chadogram Molecular Identifications, bacterial strain Lys-979 is bacillus subtilis.Withered grass Bacillus Lys-979 (Bacillus subtilis) is preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation pipe on 8th in September in 2015 Reason committee common micro-organisms center, preserving number：CGMCC No.11333.It is characterized in that：Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 bacterium Kind living bacteria count is high, and inoculation solid fermentation microbial inoculum is more than 20,000,000,000/g, or liquid fermentation agent is more than 10,000,000,000/mL；It is withered Careless bacillus Lys-979 fermented manure quick heatings, in summer, compost 2 days, heap is interior just reachable more than 60 DEG C, 3-5 days, compost temperature Degree is advantageous to base-material quick composting up to more than 78 DEG C.In winter, compost 3 days, compost temperature is just reachable more than 55 DEG C, 4-5 days, heap Fertile temperature is advantageous to base-material quick composting up to more than 65 DEG C；Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 heatproofs are high, maintained above at 80 DEG C 24 hours, viability kept 80%.

The preparation of fermented bacterium Lys-979 liquid production kinds：In the preparating example of a preferable fermenting agent of the invention In, described microbial inoculum can be completed using three-level liquid fermentation.

The preparation of shake-flask seed, bacterial strain Lys-979 test tube slants are inoculated with a ring into 4 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, culture medium It is formulated as yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 7.0, water 250mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min；40 DEG C, 200rpm fermentations 12 ~18 hours, bacterium number was up to 50~10,000,000,000/mL.

The preparation of first order seed, by the bacterial strain common 1000mL of Lys-979 shake-flask seed liquids, by 1:10 (v/v) sterile workings connect Kind into 15L fermentation tanks, culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamers 0.03%, pH 7.0, Running water 10L, liquid amount about 75%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min, throughput (1:1, v/v), 40 DEG C, 200rpm fermentations 12~15 are small When, bacterium number is up to 50~10,000,000,000/mL.

The preparation of secondary seed, by bacterial strain Lys-979 first order seed 10L, by 1:10 (v/v) sterile working pipeline culture transferrings are extremely In 150L fermentation tanks；Its culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamers 0.03%, pH 7.0, Running water 100L, liquid amount about 75%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min；Throughput (1:1, v/v), 40 DEG C, 100rpm fermentations 12~15 Hour, bacterium number is up to 80~10,000,000,000/mL.

The preparation of three-level seed, by bacterial strain Lys-979 secondary seed 100L, by 1:10 (v/v) sterile working pipeline culture transferrings Into 2000L fermentation tanks, culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamers 0.03%, pH 7.0, Running water 1000L, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min；Throughput (1:1, v/v), 40 DEG C, 50rpm ferments 12~15 hours, bacterium number More than 10,000,000,000/mL, you can as pig manure fermented liquid microbial inoculum.

In presently preferred solid fermentation microbial inoculum preparating example, described microbial inoculum can use shaking flask liquid Seed and two-stage solid seed fermentation are completed.

The preparation of shake-flask seed, bacterial strain Lys-979 test tube slants are inoculated with a ring into 4 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, it is some, Culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 7.0, water 250mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min；40 DEG C, 200rpm Fermentation 12~18 hours, bacterium number is up to 50~10,000,000,000/mL.

The preparation of one-level solid seed, by bacterial strain Lys-979 shake-flask seed liquid 1000mL, by 1:40 (w/w) sterile workings It is seeded in 200 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, every bottle of culture medium 100g；Culture medium prescription is wheat bran 25%, mushroom residue 25%, water 50%, pH are naturally, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min；37 DEG C, ferment 24~36 hours, bacterium number is up to 100~20,000,000,000/g.

The preparation of two level solid seed, by bacterial strain Lys-979 one-level solid seeds, by 1:40 (w/w) sterile workings are inoculated with Into 200 disk 40cm × 60cm × 5cm stainless steel trays, every disk culture medium 4kg；Culture medium prescription is wheat bran 25%, mushroom residue 25%, water 50%, pH is naturally, 124 DEG C of sterilizing 40min；37 DEG C, ferment 36~48 hours, pneumatic conveying drying to water content 6% ~8%, bacterium number is more than 20,000,000,000/g (dry weight), you can as pig manure solid fermentation microbial inoculum.

(2) the present invention provides a kind of process of rapidly and efficiently fermentation maturity pig manure-mushroom residue.

The selection in fermentation stockyard：Ferment the open large-scale fermentation rain shade of stockyard selection, more than 4 meters of fermentation canopy free height, Length and width are unlimited, the open ventilation of surrounding；Fermented manure can be that ridge formula is stacked, and ground even, be easy to forklift turning, left per ridge 40~60cm of pavement；Either there is slot type to be stacked in fermentation canopy, lay track on the both sides of groove, be easy to turning machine to carry out returning Heap mixes.The base-material that ferments is wide 3~6 meters, high 1.2~1.8 meters, and length is more than 20 meters.

Organic fertilizer fermentation base-material is prepared to be inoculated with fermenting agent：By the fresh pig dung of water content 65%~80%, by 6:1~8: 1 ratio is mixed with mushroom residue of the water content less than 20%, and water content is allocated to 50%~60%, while sprays inoculation withered grass bud Spore bacillus Lys-979 three-level liquid seeds, inoculum concentration are that 1 ton of mixed material is inoculated with Lys-979 liquid starters 2000mL；Or Combined inoculation bacillus subtilis Lys-979 two level solid seeds, inoculum concentration are that 1 ton of mixed material is inoculated with Lys-979 liquid hair Ferment agent 1kg, microbial inoculum Lys-979 is well mixed with material, organic fertilizer fermentation base-material is made, and base-material heap is set into ridge type, or heap It is laid in fermentation tank, is mainly produced using heat-resistant bacillus Lys-979 and a small amount of original microorganism raw material fermentation in base-material Organic fertilizer.

Turning oxygenation and quick composting：2~3 days before compost fermentation, covering with ground sheeting fermentation base-material, heat and moisture preserving, accelerate to rise Temperature, when pile core temperature is up to more than 45 DEG C, remove mulch film；Start to use forklift (ridge formula fermentation heap) when pile core temperature is up to more than 55 DEG C Or track type pile turning machine (trough type fermentation heap) turning, turning in 2~3 days 1 time, more than the temperature of heap temperature 60 maintain more than 5 days.Summer, Only need 12~15 days quick compostings for completing fermentation base-material；In winter, only need 18~22 days quick compostings for completing fermentation base-material, hair The ferment cycle greatly shortens than spontaneous fermentation and other production methods.

Compost quality controls：Compost fermentation temperature is controlled, fermentation time, turning number, compost water content is less than 30%, Color and luster blacks, odorless；Other physical and chemical indexs meet organic fertilizer new standard NY525-2011, and crop biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion is entered after requisite quality The compounding process of bacterial manure.

(3) the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of biological control bacterial manure.

In compost fermentation latter stage, water content is less than 30%, and color and luster blacks, odorless, and heap temperature is less than 40 DEG C, other physical and chemical indexs After meeting national organic fertilizer professional standard, Biological control function microbial inoculum is added in decomposed base-material, using turning machine or Forklift mixes, then sieves and mix through 10 mesh vibratory sieves, and different types of biological control type organic fertilizer is made, and is packed after inspection is up to standard Storage.

Preferably, the Biological control function microbial inoculum, can be commercially available thuringiensis AS1.433 microbial inoculums, Organic fertilizer per ton adds 5kg 40,000,000,000/g microbial inoculums containing gemma, blended to be constructed to prevent and treat Lepidoptera, the biology of coleopteron Organic fertilizer, its 200,000,000/g containing bacillus thuringiensis.

Preferably, the Biological control function microbial inoculum, can be the patent of Changsha Shuidisha Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Strain CGMCC No.2495, buy 100,000,000,000/g of gemma microbial inoculum under grant item, and organic fertilizer addition 2kg per ton contains gemma 100000000000/g microbial inoculums, it is blended to be constructed to prevent and treat aspergillus flavus and endanger the fertilizer special for organic of peanut, its aspergillus flavus containing antagonism it is withered Careless 200,000,000/g of bacillus.

Preferably, the Biological control function microbial inoculum, water can be bought from Agricultural University Of Hunan's biological scientific experiment room Sheath and culm blight of rice antagonistic strain Lys-67, voluntarily 20,000,000,000/g microbial inoculum is made in fermenting and producing under grant item, and organic fertilizer per ton adds Add 10kg 20,000,000,000/g microbial inoculums containing gemma, the blended fertilizer special for organic for being constructed to prevent and treat rice sheath blight disease hazard rice, it contains The 200000000/g of bacillus subtilis of antagonism rice sheath blight disease.

The biological control bacterial manure, its essential characteristic are new except organic fertilizer is met comprising organic fertilizer sense organ and physical and chemical index Outside standard NY525-2011, i.e. the content of organic matter >=45%, total nutrient >=5%, water content≤30%, pH5.5~8.5, worm's ovum The death rate >=98%, colibacillus of excrement group number≤50/g；In per gram of dry matter, arsenic As≤30, mercury Hg≤30, lead Pb≤ 100, cadmium Cd≤3, chromium Cr≤300；Also specifically add biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type bacillus, its viable count >=200,000,000/g.

Technical advantage：

Compared with prior art, the present invention is in terms of quick composting agriculture wastes pig manure and mushroom residue, crop disease pest There are significant advantage and technological progress in terms of evil biological control, soil texture improvement.

When leavening component is simple, ferment effect rapidly and efficiently, technique, place simplify, environment-friendly, are easy to actual behaviour Make.The experimental result of the table 1 of embodiment 7 can be seen that the Lys-979 single fermentation agent of the present invention, the fibre being had by oneself with reference to mushroom residue Tie up in degradative fungi, it is possible to the effect of reaching mixed culture fermentation.Commercially available EM mixed fungus fermentation agent is substantially better than, fermentation temperature is higher by More than 6 DEG C, fermentation period shortens 5 days, reduces time cost.The place output investment ratio that ferments is more motor-driven, if there is economic condition, can adopt With track turning trough type fermentation, fermentation plant place, steel frame construction can be used, without sealing；Fermenting place can also be using shovel The formula fermentation of car turning ridge, fermentation plant, can be used the simple plastic greenhouse of galvanized pipe capping color steel tile, and investment is small, reduces fixed cost. Therefore, particularly suitable for large-scale pig farm fermenting and producing on the spot, pig manure cost of transportation can be both reduced, can also avoid pig manure from transporting Influence nearby residents life and environmental pollution；By Rapid Fermentation, pig manure and mushroom residue are turned waste into wealth, without waste water, waste residue Discharge, reach effect of killing two birds with one stone.

Second, product function multiple-effect, except there is fertilizer efficiency, promotes crop yield to increase income outer, also reduces the generation of pest and disease damage, simultaneously Soil texture can be improved, prevent soil block from degenerating, it is ensured that sustainable production of ploughing.The table 2 of the embodiment of the present invention 11,12,13,3, 4 results show generally there is the function of volume increase using biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, and increasing production of rice rate is more than 4%, peanut yield increasing rate More than 10%.Simultaneously as having compounded feature bacterial strain, e.g., thuringiensis and bacillus subtilis are internationally recognized Probiotic strain, it is harmless to people, animal, crop, thus with controlling crop diseases and insect pests function；It is particularly conducive to controlling disease Generation, wherein to the control rate of rice sheath blight disease up to 69.7%, to the control rate of peanut fungal infection up to 73.1%.The present invention The result of 15 table of embodiment 5 shows, obvious using biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, the soil weight due to pig manure-mushroom residue quality pine comb Reduce, be 1.03g/cm³, the increase of ﹤ 0.01mm soil particle aggregations degree, up to 94.1%.Product use is improving soil texture, preventing and treating Soil block is degenerated, and enhancing soil water-retaining, ventilation, promotes the significant effect in terms of soil microbial activity.

Embodiment

Below, the present invention will be further detailed with embodiment, but it is not limited to any of these embodiments Individual or similar example.

Embodiment 1, bacillus subtilis Lys-979 are obtained

Separating obtained high temperature resistant gemma in the maize straw, straw, tobacco rod heap of garden high temperature pile fermentation is weeded from Agricultural University Of Hunan Bacillus Lys-979, through Morphological Identification and 16S RNA chadogram Molecular Identifications, bacterial strain Lys-979 is bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis).Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 is preserved in Chinese microorganism strain on the 8th in September in 2015 and protected Hide administration committee's common micro-organisms center, preserving number：CGMCC No.11333.

Embodiment 2, the preparation of bacillus subtilis Lys-979 liquid fermentation agents

Bacterial strain Lys-979 test tube slants are inoculated with a ring into 4 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 7.0, water 250mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min；40 DEG C, 200rpm ferments 12~18 hours i.e. Can, bacterium number is prepared into shake-flask seed up to 50~10,000,000,000/mL；Again by bacterial strain Lys-979 shake-flask seed liquid 1000mL, by 1:10 (v/v) sterile working is seeded in 15L fermentation tanks, and culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamings Agent 0.03%, pH 7.0, running water 10L, liquid amount about 75%, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min, throughput (1:1, v/v), 40 DEG C, 200rpm ferments 12~15 hours, and bacterium number is prepared into first order seed up to 50~10,000,000,000/mL；Further by bacterial strain Lys- 979 first order seed 10L, by 1:10 (v/v) sterile working pipeline culture transferrings are into 150L fermentation tanks；Its culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamers 0.03%, pH 7.0, running water 100L, liquid amount about 70%, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 30min；Throughput (1:1, v/v), 40 DEG C, 100rpm is fermented 12~15 hours, and bacterium number is prepared up to 80~10,000,000,000/mL Into secondary seed；Finally by bacterial strain Lys-979 secondary seed 100L, by 1:10 (v/v) sterile working pipeline culture transferrings to 2000L send out In fermentation tank, culture medium prescription is yeast extract 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, GP330 defoamers 0.03%, pH 7.0, running water 1000L, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min；Throughput (1:1, v/v), 40 DEG C, 50rpm ferments 12~15 hours, and bacterium number is more than 10000000000/mL, it is prepared into three-level seed, you can as pig manure liquid fermentation agent.

Embodiment 3, the preparation of bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation microbial inoculums

Bacterial strain Lys-979 test tube slants are inoculated with a ring into 4 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, some, culture medium prescription is yeast Cream 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH 7.0, water 250mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min；40 DEG C, 200rpm ferments 12~18 hours i.e. Can, bacterium number is prepared into shake-flask seed up to 50~10,000,000,000/mL；Again by bacterial strain Lys-979 shake-flask seed liquid 1000mL, by 1:40 (w/w) sterile working is seeded in 200 bottles of 500mL triangular flasks, every bottle of culture medium 100g；Culture medium prescription is wheat bran 25%, mushroom Mushroom slag 25%, water 50%, pH is naturally, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min；37 DEG C, ferment 24~36 hours, bacterium number is up to 100~200 Hundred million/g, it is prepared into one-level solid seed；Finally by bacterial strain Lys-979 one-level solid seeds, by 1:40 (w/w) sterile workings connect Plant into 200 disk 40cm × 60cm × 5cm stainless steel trays, often disk culture medium 4kg；Culture medium prescription is wheat bran 25%, mushroom Slag 25%, water 50%, pH is naturally, 124 DEG C of sterilizing 40min；37 DEG C, ferment 36~48 hours, pneumatic conveying drying to water content 6%~8%, viable count is more than 20,000,000,000/g (dry weight), is prepared into two level solid seed, you can is sent out as pig manure solid Yeast-like fungi agent.

Embodiment 4, the heat-resistance test of bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation microbial inoculums

Bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation microbial inoculum 100g by viable count for 20,000,000,000/g, in 80 DEG C of constant temperature Case is handled 24 hours, determines viable count before and after the processing.As a result show, Lys-979 solid fermentations microbial inoculum is at 80 DEG C of insulating box For reason after 24 hours, viable count still reaches to 16,200,000,000/g, and survival rate illustrates fermenting agent high temperature resistant, be advantageous to carry out height up to 81% Warm compost fermentation.

Embodiment 5, pig manure, the quick composting of mushroom residue

In the open ventilation of surrounding without sealing, 32 meters of length is wide 24 meters, in high 4.5 meters of fermentation rain shade, by 104 tons of fresh pigs Excrement (water content about 65%) and 18 tons of pleurotus eryngii slags (water content about 15%) are mixed with forklift, and fermentation base-material is made in mixing, mixed While conjunction, 1 kilogram of bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid fermentation agent, zymophyte are inoculated with by pig manure per ton-mushroom residue mixture Agent viable count is more than 20,000,000,000/g；Then base-material ridge formula to be stacked again, fermentation base-material is high 1.2 meters per 3 meters of row spacing, long 25 meters, Pavement 40cm is left per ridge, base-material heap covering with ground sheeting, starts compost fermentation.Period, it is more than 1 meter of inserted-link type with inserted link length Thermometer determines pile core temperature, and once, 2 days heap temperature of fermentation take down mulch film to measure up to 49 DEG C daily, and with forklift turning；Fermentation 4 Its heap temperature is up to 62 DEG C；Fermentation 5 days up to 68 DEG C, persistently overheating afterwards, up to 78 DEG C, moisture is continuous during fermentation and turning Volatilization；In summer turning, high-temperature vapor is also high-visible.Temperature is begun to decline after fermentation 11 days, by multiple turning, 14 It when, moisture is less than 30%, and fermentation base-material blacks, and foul smell significantly reduced, and fermentation is basically completed.

Embodiment 6, pig manure, the quick composting of mushroom residue

In the open ventilation of another surrounding without sealing, long 40 meters, wide 28 meters, high 6 meters of frame-type ferments in rain shade, will 218 tons of fresh pig dungs (water content about 60%) and 42 tons of pleurotus eryngii slags (water content about 15%), uniformly down to wide 4 meters, high 2 meters, length In 30 meters of trough type fermentation groove, mixed back and forth with track type pile turning machine, fermentation base-material is made in mixing, high 1.5 meters, in the same of mixing When, it is inoculated with 2 kilograms of bacillus subtilis Lys-979 liquid starters, fermenting agent viable bacteria by pig manure per ton-mushroom residue mixture Number is more than 10,000,000,000/mL；Base-material heap covering with ground sheeting, start compost fermentation.Period, it is more than 1 meter of inserted-link type temperature with inserted link length Degree meter measure pile core temperature, once, 2 days heap temperature of fermentation take down mulch film, and turning to measure up to 45 DEG C daily, and ferment 5 days heap Wen Da 60℃；Fermentation 6 days up to 68 DEG C, up to 73 DEG C, persistently overheating afterwards, moisture constantly volatilizees during fermentation and turning； During winter turning, high-temperature vapor is also high-visible.Temperature is begun to decline after fermentation 13 days, by multiple turning, at 18 days, and water Divide and be less than 30%, fermentation base-material blacks, and foul smell is significantly reduced, and fermentation is basically completed.

Embodiment 7, influence of the different fermentations agent to pig manure, the quick composting of mushroom residue

In the open ventilation of another surrounding without sealing, ferment in rain shade, 10 tons of pig manure-mushroom residues (6 are prepared per ridge:1, W/w) fermentation base-material 3 ridge, it is high 1 meter per ridge, it is wide 3 meters, it is about 6 meters.In summer, microbial inoculum is not inoculated with respectively as control (ck), is connect The commercially available EM fermenting agents of kind and inoculation bacillus subtilis Lys-979 liquid starter contrast tests, its fermentation maturity result It is shown in Table 1.

The different fermentations agent of table 1. is to pig manure, the time of the quick composting of mushroom residue and temperature comparisons

Compost number	It is inoculated with microbial inoculum	Compost maximum temperature	The abundant decomposed time
				1	It is not inoculated with (spontaneous fermentation)	47℃	More than 40 days
2	It is inoculated with EM bacteria agent	67℃	24 days
				3	It is inoculated with Lys-979 leavenings	73℃	19 days

As known from Table 1, inoculating starter is better than spontaneous fermentation effect, and fermentation time shortens dramatically；Lys-979 liquid fermentations Agent is higher by 6 DEG C than the heap temperature highest temperature difference of commercially available EM fermenting agents, fermentation maturity cycle time 5 days, completes organic fertilizer within 19 days It is decomposed.

Embodiment 8, the preparation of Biological control function biological organic fertilizer

In compost fermentation latter stage, water content is less than 30%, and color and luster blacks, without obvious stink, when heap temperature is less than 40 DEG C, from city 40,000,000,000/g thuringiensis AS1.433 microbial inoculums are sold, organic fertilizer per ton adds 5kg microbial inoculums, blended, after 10 mesh Vibratory sieve, qualified rear packaging and storage, obtained to prevent and treat Lepidoptera, 100 tons of the biological organic fertilizer of coleopteron, it contains Su Yunjin 200,000,000/g of bacillus.

Embodiment 9, the preparation of Biological control function biological organic fertilizer

In compost fermentation latter stage, water content is less than 30%, and color and luster blacks, without obvious stink, when heap temperature is less than 40 DEG C, from length The patent strain CGMCC No.2495 of Sha Shuidisha bio tech ltd, 100,000,000,000/g of purchase gemma microbial inoculum, are being awarded Organic fertilizer addition 2kg microbial inoculums per ton under claim, the blended mesh vibratory sieve of mistake 10, qualified rear packaging and storage, being made can anti-Yellow River harnessing song Mould 60 tons of the fertilizer special for organic for endangering peanut, the 200000000/g of bacillus subtilis of its aspergillus flavus containing antagonism.

Embodiment 10, the preparation of Biological control function biological organic fertilizer

In compost fermentation latter stage, water content is less than 30%, and color and luster blacks, without obvious stink, when heap temperature is less than 40 DEG C, from lake Rice sheath blight disease antagonistic strain Lys-67 is bought in southern agriculture university's biological scientific experiment room, the voluntarily fermenting and producing system under grant item Into 20,000,000,000/g solid fungicide, organic fertilizer per ton adds 10kg microbial inoculums, the blended mesh vibratory sieve of mistake 10, is packaged into after qualified Storehouse, obtained 120 tons of the fertilizer special for organic that can prevent and treat rice sheath blight disease hazard rice, the withered grass gemma of its rice sheath blight disease containing antagonism 200,000,000/g of bacillus.

Embodiment 11, embodiment 8 prevent and treat Lepidoptera, the application effect of coleopteron fertilizer special for organic

Select each two pieces, 10 mu every piece of conventional insect pest incidence more rice test field a, b；Wherein experimental plot a is in tiller Every mu of administration 200,000,000/g Han bacillus thuringiensis biocontrol bacterial fertilizer 150kg, experimental plot b every mu of administration before tillering stage before phase Organic fertilizer 150kg without bacillus thuringiensis is compared, and 5 points are taken by diagonal method, and each point takes 200 plants, and measure is same Strain number the results are shown in Table 2 with the rice yield and rice strain insect pest rate of area.

Table 2, biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type biological organic fertilizer is to rice yield and the influence of pest control

As known from Table 2, there is certain production-increasing function to rice yield using the organic fertilizer containing bacillus thuringiensis, to worm Harmful anti-improvement rate is up to 47.9%.

Embodiment 12, embodiment 9 prevent and treat the application effect that aspergillus flavus endangers the fertilizer special for organic of peanut

It is alternative to select each two pieces, 1 mu every piece of Peanut in Dry land experimental plot c, d；Wherein experimental plot c every mu of administration of phase prior to seeding The bacterial strain CGMCC No.2495 (200,000,000/g) of the aspergillus flavus containing antagonism biocontrol bacterial fertilizer 200kg, experimental plot d every mu of phase prior to seeding Compared using the organic fertilizer 200kg of the bacterial strain without antagonism aspergillus flavus, 5 points are taken by diagonal method, each point takes 50 plants, surveys Determine to the results are shown in Table 3 to the infection rate of peanut pod with the peanut yield of the coplanar product of strain number and fungi.

Table 3, influence of the biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type biological organic fertilizer to peanut yield and the preventing and treating to fungal infection

As known from Table 3, using the organic fertilizer containing the No.2495 of CGMCC containing bacillus subtilis, have to peanut yield aobvious Production-increasing function is write, 73.1% is up to the anti-improvement rate of fungi.

Embodiment 13, embodiment 10 prevent and treat the application effect of the fertilizer special for organic of banded sclerotial blight

It is alternative to select each two pieces, 2 mu every piece of rice test field e, f；Wherein experimental plot e every mu of administration before tillering stage contains withered grass Bacillus Lys-67 (200,000,000/g) biocontrol bacterial fertilizer 150kg, experimental plot f every mu of administration before tillering stage are free of withered grass gemma Bacillus Lys-67 organic fertilizer 150kg is compared, and 5 points are taken by diagonal method, and each point takes 100 plants, and it is coplanar to determine same strain number Long-pending rice yield and banded sclerotial blight incidence, the results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4, influence of the biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type biological organic fertilizer to rice yield and sheath blight disease controlling

As known from Table 4, there is larger production-increasing function to rice yield using the organic fertilizer containing bacillus subtilis Lys-67, To the anti-improvement rate of banded sclerotial blight up to 69.7%.

Embodiment 14, the effect improved to soil granular of pig manure-mushroom residue biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type organic fertilizer

It is alternative to select each three pieces of rice test field g, h, i, 20 square metres every piece, sow peanut；Wherein experimental plot g is being sowed Apply pig manure-mushroom residue biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type organic fertilizer (CGMCC of antagonistic strain containing aspergillus flavus No.2495,200,000,000/g) 5kg early stages, try Testing field h, the phase applies carbon ammonium respectively using commercially available common organic fertilizer 5kg, experimental plot i in bloom lower pin phase, fruiting period prior to seeding 2.5kg and urea 2.5kg, after harvesting, 5 points are taken by diagonal method, each point takes 500g soil samples, determines the natural unit weight of soil With ﹤ 0.01mm soil particle aggregation degree, ﹤ 0.01mm soil particle aggregations degree is ﹤ 0.01mm soil particle aggregations amounts and ﹤ 0.01mm mechanical composition grogs Percentage, the results are shown in Table 5.As known from Table 5, the biological organic fertilizer soil weight using the present invention is minimum, is 1.03g/cm³, ﹤ 0.01mm soil particle aggregation degree is up to 94.1%, is secondly commercially available organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is worst.Illustrate, biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type of the invention biology Organic fertilizer, improving soil texture, preventing and treating soil block is degenerated, and enhancing soil water-retaining, ventilation, promotes soil microbial activity side The significant effect in face.

Table 5, the effect of pig manure-mushroom residue biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion type Organic Manure on Soil structural improvement

Claims (2)

1. the method for anti-type biological organic fertilizer is produced using bacillus subtilis Lys-979, it is characterised in that pass through following technique Realize：

(1) raw material is prepared and is inoculated with：The fresh pig dung of water content 65%~80%, by 6:1~8:1 ratio is less than with water content 20% mushroom residue mixing, water content are allocated to 50%~60%, while stirring, are inoculated with bacillus subtilis Lys-979 bacterium Kind, inoculum concentration is that 1 ton of mixed material is inoculated with 1kg bacillus subtilis Lys-979 solid spawns, and viable count is big in solid spawn In 20,000,000,000/g, organic fertilizer fermentation base-material is made；

(2) compost fermentation：Organic fertilizer fermentation base-material is stacked in fermentation canopy by ridge formula or slot type, more than 4 meters of fermentation canopy free height, Length and width are unlimited, the open ventilation of surrounding；The base-material that ferments is wide 4~8 meters, high 1.0~1.5 meters, and length is more than 20 meters；2 before compost fermentation ~3 days, covering with ground sheeting fermentation base-material, heat and moisture preserving, accelerated warming, when pile core temperature is up to more than 45 DEG C, remove mulch film；

(3) turning oxygenation and quick composting：Start to use forklift or track type pile turning machine turning when pile core temperature is up to more than 55 DEG C, 2 Turning in~3 days 1 time, the maintenance more than 5 days of more than 60 DEG C of heap temperature；

(4) compost quality controls：Compost fermentation temperature is controlled, fermentation time, turning number, compost water content is less than 30%, Color and luster blacks, and physical and chemical index reaches organic fertilizer standard；

(5) the compounding of biocontrol bacterial fertilizer, after compost quality reaches organic fertilizer standard, compounding is with corresponding feature biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion as needed Bacterial strain, biocontrol bacterial strain viable count is up to 200,000,000/more than g, packaging and storage after requisite quality；

The bacillus subtilis Lys-979 is preserved in Chinese microorganism strain preservation conservator on the 8th in September in 2015 Meeting common micro-organisms center, preserving number：CGMCCNo. 11333.

2. the method for anti-type biological organic fertilizer, its feature are produced using bacillus subtilis Lys-979 as claimed in claim 1 It is, the product of the biological organic fertilizer of methods described production is in addition to organic fertilizer standard NY525-2011 is reached, i.e.,：Organic matter contains Amount >=45%, total nutrient >=5%, water content≤30%, pH5.5~8.5, the worm's ovum death rate >=98%, colibacillus of excrement group's number ≤ 50/g；In per gram of dry matter, arsenic As≤30, mercury Hg≤30, lead Pb≤100, cadmium Cd≤3, chromium Cr≤300；Also increase Corresponding feature biocontrol bacterial strain, the feature biocontrol bacterial strain are black to rice sheath blight disease, sickle-like bacteria, aspergillus flavus, tobacco The inhibited bacillus subtilis CGMCCNo.2495 of the shin disease or thuringiensis AS1.433 for suppressing insect, Viable count is up to 200,000,000/more than g.