CN105230306B - One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method - Google Patents
One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230306B CN105230306B CN201510713032.0A CN201510713032A CN105230306B CN 105230306 B CN105230306 B CN 105230306B CN 201510713032 A CN201510713032 A CN 201510713032A CN 105230306 B CN105230306 B CN 105230306B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included: broadcast preceding preparation, variety selection, sowing pipe laying overlay film, it is dry broadcast it is wet go out, seedling stage control water, fertility middle and later periods moisturizing fertilizer and other field management etc..The water-saving irrigation technique that the present invention is combined by plastic-film-covered cultivation and trickle irrigation, it can carry out localized irrigation according to the Root Distribution of crop, and effectively keep soil aggregate structure, moisture deep percolation and earth's surface is prevented to be lost, there is heat preservation, soil moisture conservation again simultaneously and reduce earth's surface additional issue, improve the technical characterstic of water use efficiency, peanut growth season stage arid in recent years can be effectively prevented to recur, the problem of seriously affecting the growth of peanut, the high yield potential for giving full play to peanut improves the yield of peanut.
Description
Technical field
It cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method the present invention relates to a kind of peanut cultivation method, especially one.
Background technique
Peanut is one of economy and oil crops of more drought-enduring resistance to carbuncle, and region rainfall is on the low side, rainfall is concentrated or seasonal
Arid is the Main Factors as limitation peanut yield and Quality advance.Under-film drip irrigation is plastic-film-covered cultivation and the section that trickle irrigation combines
Water irrigation technique, it can carry out localized irrigation according to the Root Distribution of crop, and effectively keep soil aggregate structure, prevent moisture
Deep percolation and earth's surface are lost, while being had heat preservation, soil moisture conservation again and being reduced earth's surface additional issue, and the technology for improving water use efficiency is special
Point.
Shandong Province is sowed after taking waiting rainfall in previous peanut cultivation, and this method time is uncertain and can
The best sowing time can be missed；Or it is suitble to period that the modes such as broad irrigation or furrow irrigation is after planting used to carry out irrigation rush in accumulated temperature
It germinates into peanut, but this method water consumption is big, efficiency of water application is lower and it is uneven to irrigate.Research thinks that peanut belongs to drought resisting
Property crop, do not need to carry out supplement irrigation by natural precipitation in growth course, but peanut growth season interim arid in recent years
It recurs, seriously affects the growth of peanut.Therefore, the technology for excavating and exploring under-film drip irrigation peanut water-saving and yield-increasing potentiality is arranged
It applies, further increases peanut high yield, to ensuring that national peanut production safety and oil supply has very important effect.
Summary of the invention
For the defects of above method, cultivate peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving culture side the object of the present invention is to provide one
Method, comprising the following steps: broadcast preceding preparation, variety selection, sowing pipe laying overlay film, it is dry broadcast it is wet go out, seedling stage control water, fertility the middle and later periods mend
Liquid manure and other field management etc..
(1) it broadcasts preceding preparation: being deep ploughed and applied fertilizer before sowing, tilling depth is 25cm or so, applies high-quality barnyard manure per acre
5000~6000kg, or using the organic fertilizer of the comparable other types of organic matter quantity, chemical fertilizer applies purity nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P2O5) each
14~16kg, potassium (K2O) 17~20kg.It, per acre should also be suitably with the borax for applying 0.5~1kg, 1~1.5kg in addition to a great number of elements
The microelements such as zinc sulfate.
(2) variety selection: main breed is drought resisting high-yield variety: flower educates No. 25, flower educates No. 22 and flower educates No. 33 etc.；Sowing
Preceding seed progress is selected, sows first 10~15 days band shells and basks seeds, peels off within 7~10 days, classifying seed after peeling off.
(3) it sows pipe laying overlay film: sowing pipe laying overlay film integration behaviour is carried out using 2BFD-2 peanut tectorial pipe laying seeder
Make, reduces the investment of labor cost.
(4) it is dry broadcast it is wet go out: under the conditions of for a long time without rain, dry broadcast wet go out technology can be taken, by trickle irrigation control after sowing overlay film
Device processed, the droping irrigating pipe being laid in advance connect with water source and are irrigated, and Controlled irrigation amount is 5~10m3/667m2, make 0~20cm
Soil layer soil moisture content reaches saturation state.
(5) seedling stage controls water: peanut seedling stage carries out appropriateness arid, even if the 50% of soil moisture content holding field capacity is left
The right side, noon peanut leaf is wilted under this state, but can restore open and flat again to dusk mercury dropped.
(6) fertility middle and later periods moisturizing fertilizer: floricome phase and fruiting period, if weather continuous drought, peanut leaf is around noon
Appearance wither here when, should by trickle irrigation carry out supplement irrigation, each Controlled irrigation amount be 10~15m3/667m2, make 0~20cm soil layer
Soil moisture content reaches saturation state stopping and pours water.If rainwater is more after bearing pods, timely drainage waterlogging prevention is answered.Full fruiting period (harvest
First 1 month or so) it meets drought small water profit is answered to pour, Controlled irrigation amount is 6~10m3/667m2.When there is early ageing phenomenon in peanut plant,
Floricome phase every 667m2Urea 3kg~4.5kg can be applied with dripping irrigation water, apply dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 4kg~6kg.It can also spray appropriate
Contain other of N, P, K and microelement fertilizer.
(7) other field management: scientific control and integrated control pest and disease damage are carried out according to peanut high yield production requirement.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail:
Embodiment 1
(1) broadcast preceding preparation: early spring thaw after plough, tilling depth 25cm.High-quality barnyard manure 5000kg is applied per acre, applies purity nitrogen
(N) and phosphorus (P2O5) each 14kg, potassium (K2O) 17kg, while with the borax for applying 0.5kg, the zinc sulfate of 1kg.
(2) kind educates No. 22 using drought resisting high-yield variety flower, is classified after peeling off to seed, 1 grade of kind is selected to be broadcast
Kind.
(3) pipe laying overlay film is sowed.
(4) it is dry broadcast it is wet go out: save seedling from damage after planting carrying out trickle irrigation stratification, Controlled irrigation amount is 6m per acre3, than furrow irrigation
Promote emergence water-saving 10m per acre3。
(5),In peanut seedling stage, (from sowing to after planting 30 days) is always maintained at state of not pouring water.
(6) supplement irrigation is carried out in the floricome phase, each irrigation quantity is 12m per acre3(beginning is spent 20 days and 30 days latter) is beginning to spend
Afterwards urea 4kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5.5kg are instilled with water within 30 days, fruiting period trickle irrigation amount of satisfying is 8m per acre3。
(7) there is symptom progress corresponding management according to plant in other field management.
It was tested in 2014 in Shandong Province Laixi City according to embodiments above, the results showed that use the invention content
It is 25m more water-saving than traditional furrow irrigation mode to carry out test3, emergence rate raising 6.5%, water use efficiency improves 53.6%.It sends out herein
Yield reaches 7967.5kg/hm under the conditions of bright2, than increasing production 22.7% under natural growthing condition.
Embodiment 2
(1) broadcast preceding preparation: early spring thaw after plough, tilling depth 25cm.High-quality barnyard manure 5500kg is applied per acre, applies purity nitrogen
(N) and phosphorus (P2O5) each 15kg, potassium (K2O) 18kg, while with the borax for applying 0.8kg, the zinc sulfate of 1.2kg.
(2) kind educates No. 25 using drought resisting high-yield variety flower, is classified after peeling off to seed, 1 grade of kind is selected to be broadcast
Kind.
(3) pipe laying overlay film is sowed.
(4) it is dry broadcast it is wet go out: promote emergence to save seedling from damage after planting carrying out trickle irrigation, Controlled irrigation amount is 5m per acre3, than furrow irrigation
Promote emergence water-saving 12m per acre3。
(5) in peanut seedling stage, (from sowing to after planting 30 days) is always maintained at state of not pouring water.
(6) supplement irrigation is carried out in the floricome phase, each irrigation quantity is 10m per acre3(beginning is spent 20 days and 30 days latter) is beginning to spend
Urea 3kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4.5kg are instilled with water within 30 days afterwards, until trickle irrigation amount is 6m to full fruiting period per acre3。
(7) there is symptom progress corresponding management according to plant in other field management.
It was tested in 2014 in Shandong Province Laixi City according to embodiments above, the results showed that use the invention content
It is 30m more water-saving than traditional furrow irrigation mode to carry out test3, emergence rate raising 7.2%, water use efficiency improves 55.2%.Under film
Yield reaches 7805.3kg/hm under condition of drip irrigation2, than increasing production 23.2% under natural growthing condition.
Claims (1)
1. under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method of cultivating peanut, it is characterised in that the following steps are included: broadcasting preceding preparation, kind choosing
Select, sow pipe laying overlay film, it is dry broadcast it is wet go out, seedling stage control water, fertility middle and later periods moisturizing fertilizer and other field management；
It is described broadcast before prepare to be deep ploughed and applied fertilizer before referring to sowing, tilling depth 25cm, apply per acre high-quality barnyard manure 5000~
6000kg, or using the organic fertilizer of the comparable other types of organic matter quantity, chemical fertilizer applies purity nitrogen and each 14~16kg of phosphorus, potassium 17~
20kg, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are respectively with N, P2O5、K2O meter per acre should also be suitably with the boron for applying 0.5~1kg in addition to a great number of elements
Sand, the sulfuric acid zinc microelement of 1~1.5kg；
The variety selection refers to that main breed is drought resisting high-yield variety: flower educates No. 25, flower educates No. 22 and flower educates No. 33；Before sowing
Seed progress is selected, sows first 10~15 days band shells and basks seeds, peels off within 7~10 days, classifying seed after peeling off；
Sowing pipe laying overlay film, which refers to, carries out sowing pipe laying overlay film integration operation, drop using 2BFD-2 peanut tectorial pipe laying seeder
The investment of low labor cost；
It is dry broadcast it is wet go out refer under the conditions of for a long time without rain, take dry broadcast wet go out technology, after sowing overlay film by drip irrigation control device,
The droping irrigating pipe being laid in advance is connect with water source is irrigated, and Controlled irrigation amount is 5~10m3/667m2, make 0~20cm soil layer soil
Water content reaches saturation state；
Seedling stage control water refers to that peanut seedling stage carries out appropriateness arid, even if soil moisture content keeps 50% or so of field capacity,
Noon peanut leaf is wilted under this state, but can restore open and flat again to dusk mercury dropped；
Give birth to middle and later periods moisturizing fertilizer；Floricome phase and fruiting period, if weather continuous drought, peanut leaf occurs here withering around noon
When, supplement irrigation should be carried out by trickle irrigation, each Controlled irrigation amount is 10~15m3/667m2, make 0~20cm soil layer soil water-containing
Amount reaches saturation state stopping and pours water, if rainwater is more after bearing pods, answers timely drainage waterlogging prevention；Full fruiting period is harvest first 1 month,
Meeting drought answers small water profit to pour, and Controlled irrigation amount is 6~10m3/667m2, when early ageing phenomenon occurs in peanut plant, the floricome phase is every
667m2Can with dripping irrigation water apply urea 3kg~4.5kg, apply dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 4kg~6kg, can also spray it is suitable containing N,
P, other of K and microelement fertilizer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510713032.0A CN105230306B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method |
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| CN201510713032.0A CN105230306B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation high yield water-saving cultivation method |
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| CN105230306B true CN105230306B (en) | 2018-12-28 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105837289B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-12-10 | 山东省花生研究所 | Special fertilizer package of peanut liquid manure integration |
| CN112703985A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-27 | 黄建青 | Full-tillage layer fertilizing method for outdoor peanut cultivation |
| CN114097562A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-01 | 河南省驻科生物科技有限公司 | Drip irrigation high-yield water-saving cultivation method under plastic film for peanuts |
| CN115777475A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-14 | 菏泽市农业科学院(山东省农业科学院菏泽市分院) | High-oil high-yield peanut planting method |
Citations (6)
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| CN1507773A (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-06-30 | 许明东 | Sowing method of automatic emergence of mulch film seed for crops |
| CN101589675A (en) * | 2009-06-06 | 2009-12-02 | 蔡长久 | One cultivate peanut plastic film mulching cultivation new method and seeding machinary thereof |
| CN103155780A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-06-19 | 青岛农业大学 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN103703979A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 青岛菲尔特工业有限公司 | Method of drip irrigation under plastic films for continuous plowing and sowing of peanuts |
| CN204539828U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-08-12 | 山东省花生研究所 | One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral device |
| CN104938204A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-09-30 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Planting method capable of improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of peanuts |
-
2015
- 2015-10-28 CN CN201510713032.0A patent/CN105230306B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1507773A (en) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-06-30 | 许明东 | Sowing method of automatic emergence of mulch film seed for crops |
| CN101589675A (en) * | 2009-06-06 | 2009-12-02 | 蔡长久 | One cultivate peanut plastic film mulching cultivation new method and seeding machinary thereof |
| CN103155780A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-06-19 | 青岛农业大学 | Peanut high-yield cultivation method in coastal heavy saline-alkali land |
| CN103703979A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 青岛菲尔特工业有限公司 | Method of drip irrigation under plastic films for continuous plowing and sowing of peanuts |
| CN204539828U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-08-12 | 山东省花生研究所 | One cultivates peanut under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral device |
| CN104938204A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-09-30 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | Planting method capable of improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of peanuts |
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