CN105210720B - A kind of special cultivating stand of tomato and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of special cultivating stand of tomato and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105210720B CN105210720B CN201510730986.2A CN201510730986A CN105210720B CN 105210720 B CN105210720 B CN 105210720B CN 201510730986 A CN201510730986 A CN 201510730986A CN 105210720 B CN105210720 B CN 105210720B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
- A01G25/023—Dispensing fittings for drip irrigation, e.g. drippers
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Supports For Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of special cultivating stand of tomato and cultural method, the special cultivating stand includes：Top column (1), lower pole (2), cross-arm (3), U-shaped lock set (4), bearing diagonal (5), the spring that bears down on one (6), self threading pin (7), main drawing line (8), leg (9), moorstone (10), bracing wire (11), turnbuckle (12), long screw (13), bayonet socket (14).The cultural method includes site preparation, plantation density, field planting management and cultivating stand installation.Based on the present invention, have the advantages that：Suitable for different planting environment cultivated tomatos；Tomato plant plant type is attractive in appearance；Increase stays fruit to stay spike number amount；Cultivating stand service life is grown；It is light, detachable to cultivate rack device；Cross-arm height and quantity can be adjusted on request, and control stays fruit to stay spike number amount or adapts to different cultivation conditions；Castatopsis fissa cultivation is introduced into tomato cultivation；Line-spacing can be adjusted according to planting environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technique for cultivating tomato field, is a kind of cultivation posture for the plantation of tomato difference planting environment,
The special cultivating stand of specifically a kind of tomato and cultural method.
Background technology
The tomato plant stem of one dimensional infinite wall is soft, it is impossible to supports erect plants to grow, traditionally tomato cultivation is more
Using bamboo pole built or hang it is climing fix plant, realize high yield.
A kind of conventional tomato cultural method is to use bamboo pole (or rod, thick stalk etc.) built, by the way that tomato stem is tied
Tie up on the bamboo pole in insertion soil to make tomato plant vertical growth.Although this method can solve tomato plant, lodging is asked
Topic, but have the following disadvantages：Tomato plant strain growth height is limited, thus reduces individual plant height stubble amount, so as to limit tomato production
Measure the performance of potentiality；Built cultivation needs wider furrow face, if plant is higher, can not planting culture, cause land use
Rate is low；The service lifes such as bamboo pole are short, and especially insertion soil middle part split pole is perishable, causes tomato plant to lodge；Bamboo pole built is not
Attractive in appearance, bearing capacity is limited.
In production, another traditional cultivation method of tomatoes is to hang climing, and this method is with tomato facility quoted from foreign countries
Cultivate and generally use.It is to be fixed on the upper end of lifting rope to draw on the lifting rope steel wire that has set to hang climing mode, and lower end is bundled in kind
Eggplant plant base portion, as plant constantly grows, persistently it is wrapped on tomato cane.Although this method solves to a certain extent
With the materials such as bamboo pole set in brickwork deficiencies, but still suffer from Additional challenges.Hang climing method and be initially mainly used in modern greenhouse or company
Greenhouse, its canopy room main body intensity are high, provided with dedicated for hanging climing steel wire, but with commonly used in tunnel greenhouse, go out
Existing greenhouse main body frame strength is inadequate, and as a result the phenomenon that plant and fruit collapse greenhouse pendant occurs in peak period.If in addition, hang climing skill
Art is grasped bad, often occurs that lifting rope is strangled into tomato stalk as stalk is thicker, bears fruit and increases, influences nutrient and moisture
Normal transport, or even disconnected vines are strangled, influence plant normal development；Hang climing mode and hang frequently with being fixed on plant around climing method
On rope, tomato belongs to herbaceous plant, stalk fragility frangibility, easily snaps off growing point around climing mode is improper, has a strong impact on tomato
Plant development；Although hang climing method can dense planting tomato, and Long term cultivation is carried out, when climing mode is hung in use during tomato seedling
Phase just needs to bind lifting rope, according to the weather conditions of Yangtze River Delta Area, can have a strong impact on influences of plant crown ventilation and penetrating light condition, cause
Tomato seedling Quality Down；, can only be with certain bearing capacity and tradition is hung climing use and also limited by horticultural facility
Greenhouse or greenhouse in could use；Hanging climing tomato only has soft lifting rope to fix, thus can not have and significantly rock, otherwise
Mutually collided between tomato plant, cause fruit drop；Because climing facility is not hung in outdoor cropping suitably, therefore hang climing cultivating method
It is not suitable for the outdoor cropping of tomato.
In addition, existing two methods are holder boots up plant strain growth along stem, can not be wanted by artificial design
Ask and change tomato Growth In Space posture, limit the diversity of tomato plant control.
The content of the invention
The present invention is solution：Climing cultural method is hung at present and cannot be used for outdoor, and can bring heavy burden to greenhouse and greenhouse；
And bamboo pole built is unsightly, service life is short, and can limit the problem of tomato stays fruit to stay spike number amount.It is special to provide a kind of tomato
With cultivating stand, the cultivating stand includes：Top column, lower pole, cross-arm, U-shaped lock set, bearing diagonal, the spring that bears down on one, self threading pin,
Main drawing line, leg, moorstone, bracing wire, turnbuckle, long screw, bayonet socket, wherein, moorstone is poured by cement and formed, under moorstone is fixed
Portion's column is simultaneously embedded to underground 1m depths, and the lower pole per ridge is in alignment, and lower pole number is determined according to the length on tomato ridge
Amount, two neighboring vertical intercolumnar distance is 5.5~6.5m；Bayonet socket is located at the lower end of top column, and top column is by bayonet socket with
Fixed after portion's column docking using self threading pin, to form column entirety；The upper end of bearing diagonal is fixed with U-shaped set by long screw
Lock, U-shaped lock set are enclosed on the column of top and fixed by self threading pin, the branch heel brace of bearing diagonal；Cross-arm is fixed by the spring that bears down on one
In on the top column to connecting, the distance between cross-arm and quantity are depending on cultivation needs；The both ends difference of every cross-arm
Connecting stay wire, the other end of bracing wire are connected on the cross-arm of adjacent top column same area, from bottom to top the 3rd horizontal stroke of number
The both ends of load connect main drawing line respectively, and main drawing line is fixed with turnbuckle；The cross-arm can be in 40-75cm telescopics.
Preferably, the cross-arm quantity is 6, and the distance between first three cross-arm is maintained at 35cm, rear three cross-arms it
Between distance be maintained at 25cm.
Preferably, the cross-arm is formed by two fastener for connection of thickness, thick steel pipe 40cm, fine steel tube 35cm, and cross-arm can be
40~75cm telescopics.
Preferably, spacing is 6m between the two neighboring lower pole.
Preferably, the moorstone is poured by cement forms, long 50cm, wide 80cm, thick 50cm.
Preferably, the angle of bearing diagonal and ground are maintained between 45 ° -60 °, by the leg and bearing diagonal of bearing diagonal bottom
Welding at a right angle, leg are buried in the earth.
The invention also discloses a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, and it includes site preparation, plantation density, field planting management and cultivating stand peace
The installation of dress, wherein cultivating stand is based on the special cultivating stand of tomato disclosed by the invention, and specific installation method is：
The seeding row spacing determined before field planting according to field planting plan installs cultivating stand；Lower pole is fixed on ground using moorstone
Face, and the intensity fixed with bearing diagonal and bracing wire enhancing both ends support；Support lower pole in furrow face is inserted perpendicularly into ground
Lower 1m, and top column is installed by self threading pin；Distance between column and column is preferably set to 6m.
Tomato is planted using size row, small line-spacing is 25~35cm, and wide row space is 105~115cm；According to fixed before field planting
The seeding row spacing that plant plan determines installs cultivating stand；The lower pole at furrow both ends is fixed on ground using moorstone, and uses bearing diagonal
The intensity fixed with main drawing line enhancing both ends support；Support lower pole in furrow face is inserted perpendicularly into 95~105cm of underground,
After installation lower pole, top column is installed by self threading pin；
First cross-arm is installed as the high 37~43cm of tomato plant stem, first cross-arm setting height(from bottom) is apart from ground 28
~32cm, now first cross-arm is reduced to most short, length 40cm, and respectively pulls on a bracing wire at first cross-arm both ends, bundle
5cm distance need to be respectively reserved at both ends when tying up bracing wire, to ensure that bracing wire does not slide；Tomato plant stem is fixed in bracing wire,
Second cross-arm is installed after tomato plant stem highly reaches 57~63cm, second cross-arm length is identical with first, the
Two cross-arm setting height(from bottom)s are apart from 48~52cm of ground；And a bracing wire is respectively pulled at second cross-arm both ends, do not bundle now
Stem, tomato plant stem is placed on the outside of bracing wire, by second cross-arm liter after tomato plant stem highly reaches 77~83cm
Height is arrived at 63~67cm of ground, is then bundled in tomato plant stem in the bracing wire of second cross-arm；Treat tomato plant
After stem highly reaches 97~103cm, the 3rd cross-arm is installed, the 3rd cross-arm length is identical with the first two cross-arm, the 3rd
Cross-arm setting height(from bottom) is apart from 83~87cm of ground；And a main drawing line is respectively pulled at the 3rd cross-arm both ends, by tomato plant master
Stem is placed on the outside of main drawing line；After tomato plant stem highly reaches 117~123cm, the 3rd cross-arm is increased to distance ground
At 98~102cm of face, then tomato plant stem is bundled on the main drawing line of the 3rd cross-arm；(now, Yangtze River Delta Area has been
Through occurring seriously, to strengthen ventilation and penetrating light, should suitably increase small line-spacing into high temperature, canopy temperature height, high humidity, disease,
Highly increase herein small line-spacing do not interfere with worker field operation) simultaneously, by the 4th cross-arm be installed on apart from ground 113~
117cm highly locates, and the 4th each tensile elongation in cross-arm both ends is stretched to 50cm, and a bracing wire is respectively pulled at the 4th cross-arm both ends,
Tomato plant stem is placed on the inside of bracing wire, after tomato plant stem height distance 137~143cm of ground, by the 4th horizontal stroke
Load is moved up and is fixed on highly to be located apart from 123~127cm of ground, and tomato plant stem then is bundled in into the 4th cross-arm
Bracing wire on (so operation, tomato small line-spacing increase 10cm, wide row space reduce 10cm, tomato plant canopy ventilation and penetrating light condition
Take a turn for the better, and do not influence field operation)；When tomato plant stem is highly 147~153cm, the 5th cross-arm of installation, the 5th
Cross-arm length is elongated to 60cm, and the 5th cross-arm is arranged at 138~142cm of ground, and at the 5th cross-arm both ends
A bracing wire is respectively pulled on, tomato plant stem is placed on the inside of bracing wire；Treat that tomato plant stem is highly grown into apart from ground 167
The 5th cross-arm is increased at 148~152cm of ground after~173cm, tomato plant stem is then bundled in the 5th
In the bracing wire of individual cross-arm, and the 6th cross-arm is installed, the 6th cross-arm is arranged at 163~167cm of ground, by the 6th
Individual cross-arm is elongated to 70cm, and respectively pulls on a bracing wire at the 6th cross-arm both ends, and tomato plant stem is placed on the inside of bracing wire；
The 6th cross-arm is increased at 173~177cm of ground after tomato plant stem highly reaches 187~193cm, and will
Tomato plant stem is bundled in the bracing wire of the 6th cross-arm, treats that tomato plant stem highly reaches 197~203cm, (this of pinching
When, tomato the first fringe fruit starts maturation, and not only ornamental value is high into " inverse Ba type " for two row tomatoes being colonized on furrow, and disease
Reduce, yield increase), control plant height is in 200cm or so.
Specifically, the site preparation：Physical features is higher is not easy water logging for selection, and edaphic condition meets the plot of tomato cultivation requirement
Cultivated tomato, go out to cultivate in the wide 60cm of furrow face, ditch (also can be as mechanically actuated aisle) wide high 40cm of 80cm and furrow ratio are whole
Furrow and ditch；
Specifically, the plantation density：Two row tomato seedlings are colonized per furrow, size line-spacing is respectively 110cm and 30cm, strain
Away from for 30cm, every mu is colonized about 4040 plants；
Specifically, the field planting management：Spray irrigation band is laid among small row after field planting, using water-fertilizer integral management；Drop
Fill band upper berth black mulch film management of weeds, water-retaining effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
1st, suitable for the cultivated tomato under different planting environments.
2nd, tomato plant plant type is attractive in appearance.
3rd, increase stays fruit to stay spike number amount.
4th, service life is grown.
5th, device is light, detachable.
6th, cross-arm height and quantity can be adjusted on request, and control stays fruit to stay spike number amount or adapts to different cultivation conditions.
7th, castatopsis fissa cultivation is introduced into tomato cultivation.
8th, line-spacing can be adjusted according to planting environment.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The overall structure figure of Fig. 1 tomato cultivation postures of the present invention
The effect diagram of Fig. 2 tomato cultivation posture bevel support members of the present invention
Fig. 3 tomato cultivation posture top columns of the present invention and lower pole bayonet socket schematic diagram
Fig. 4 tomato cultivation mode final effect figures of the present invention
Reference numeral explanation：1. top column, 2. lower poles, 3. cross-arms, 4.U jackets lock, 5. bearing diagonals, 6. bear down on one
Spring, 7. self threading pins, 8. main drawing lines, 9. legs, 10. moorstones, 11. bracing wires, 12. turnbuckles, 13. long screws, 14. bayonet sockets, 15.
Cultivating bed, 16. tomato stems, 17. columns are overall.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention not limited to this：
With reference in Fig. 1, the column portion of the special cultivating stand of tomato of the present invention includes top column (1) and lower pole (2),
Preferably, using the coating steel pipe of 32mm diameters；Top column (1) and lower pole (2) length are preferably 150cm,
There is bayonet socket (14) top column (1) lower end, may be inserted into lower pole (2), then consolidated upper and lower two parts column with self threading pin (7)
Fixed, it is the total weight for supporting tomato plant (16) and fruit that it, which is acted on, and makes tomato plant (16) vertical growth；Preferably,
Moorstone (10) is poured growth 50cm, wide 80cm, thick 50cm cement block by cement, and the lower pole (2) at only both ends uses water
Mud pours, because both ends column discontinuity, tomato plant (16) can be by its stretch bending, and can not be risen using only bearing diagonal (5)
To the effect of anticipation, also needing to pour using cement makes both ends column more firm, and other columns are then by lower pole (2) hammer
Son pounds ground about 1m depths.Preferably, cross-arm (3) makes using 25mm diameters are nested with the coating steel pipe of 20mm diameters,
Length can adjust as needed, adjusting range 35cm-70cm, be fixed in using the spring that bears down on one (6) on top column (1),
It is fixed main drawing line (8) and bracing wire (11) that it, which is acted on, and can freely control bracing wire the distance between；Bearing diagonal (5) passes through length
Screw (13) is connected with U-shaped lock set (4), and it is the power for giving one opposite direction of column that it, which is acted on, prevents column by stretch bending；Leg
(9) bottom of bearing diagonal (5) is welded in, for increasing lifting surface area, prevents bearing diagonal from being skidded because stress is excessive；Main drawing line
(8) it is to be connected to cross-arm (3) two using turnbuckle (12), the effect of main drawing line (2) is as material by 1.8mm steel wires
Increase bracing wire (11) intensity, prevent tomato plant (16) and fruit from again breaking bracing wire (11) preferably very much, main drawing line (8) is set
For 2~3；And turnbuckle (12) is then to play a part of tensing main drawing line；Bracing wire (11) using 8mm diameters cotton cord or
The synthetic fiber rope of 3mm diameters, main function are fixed tomato plant (16), make its vertical growth；
The special cultivating stand of tomato is built up on the center line on tomato cultivation ridge, and a cultivating stand is set up every 5m, and it is embedded
It is as follows with installation method：
1st, lower pole (2).The length of lower pole (2) is 150cm, a diameter of 32mm coating steel pipe, first on ridge
Both ends dig a long 50cm, wide 80cm, deep 50cm hole, by poured moorstone (10) lower pole (8) embedment hole in, use
Soil covering compacting, then a piece lower pole (2) is installed at interval of 5m among the column of both ends, installation method is under being incited somebody to action with hammer
Portion's column (2) is vertically pounded deep into underground about 1m.
2nd, top column (1).Top column uses length as 150cm, a diameter of 32mm coating steel pipe, with machine in steel
Pipe one end compacting bayonet socket (14), (2) installation top column after lower pole is arranged, the bayonet socket (14) of top column lower end is inserted
Enter lower pole upper end, then in bayonet socket position installation self threading pin (7), lower pole and top column are fixed together, it is whole
Individual column bassets high 2m.It is sleeve pipe between top column and lower pole port, is consolidated by sleeve pipe connection and self-tapping screw
Determine upper and lower part column.
3rd, bearing diagonal (5).U-shaped lock set (4) is fixed on bearing diagonal upper rear set with long screw and enters already installed column
On, the angle of bearing diagonal and ground are maintained between 45 ° -60 °, and bearing diagonal bottom supports (9) are welded at a right angle with bearing diagonal,
Leg is buried in the earth, prevents from tripping staff while increasing steadiness.
4th, cross-arm (3).Cross-arm minimum length is 40cm, maximum length 80cm, and by two a diameter of 20mm, length is
The two for the coating steel pipe that 20cm coating steel pipe is socketed in a diameter of 25mm, length is 40cm, cross-arm (3) and top column
(1) vertically put, contacted in the middle part of cross-arm (3) with top column (1), be fixed on cross-arm (3) using the 1-2 springs (6) that bear down on one
On portion's column (1), cross-arm (3) spacing and quantity can according to specific needs depending on.
5th, main drawing line (8).Main drawing line uses 1.8mm steel wire, installed in the middle part of column, on column middle and lower part is with
Portion respectively binds a turnbuckle (12) at its both ends after respectively installing a cross-arm (3), and the other end of turnbuckle (12) is fixed
One end of main drawing line (8), the other end of main drawing line (8) and the gaily decorated basket of same area cross-arm (3) both ends fixation on another root post
Screw (12) connects, and is finally tensed main drawing line (8) with turnbuckle (12).
6th, bracing wire (11).Bracing wire is using the cotton cord of 8mm diameters or the synthetic fiber rope of 3mm diameters, by two bracing wires (11)
One end be bundled in the both ends of cross-arm (3) simultaneously, the other end of bracing wire (11) is bundled in another root post same area cross-arm (3)
Corresponding end, tense bracing wire (11) bind again, make bracing wire (11) parallel to the ground.
Illustrated below with instantiation：A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, site preparation：Physical features is higher is not easy water logging, soil bar for selection
Part meets the plot cultivated tomato of tomato cultivation requirement, wide by the wide 60cm of furrow face and ditch (can also be used as mechanically actuated aisle)
80cm ratio it is whole go out cultivating bed (15) and ditch.Plantation density：Two row tomato seedlings are colonized per furrow, size line-spacing is respectively
110cm and 30cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu is colonized about 4040 plants.Field planting management：Spray irrigation band is laid among small row after field planting,
Using water-fertilizer integral management；Drip irrigation zone upper berth black mulch film management of weeds, water-retaining effect.
Cultivating stand is installed along with tomato growth situation：Tomato is planted using size row, small line-spacing is 30cm, and wide row space is
110cm；First cross-arm (3), first cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance ground are installed as the high 40cm of tomato plant (16) stem
Face 30cm, now first cross-arm (3) is reduced to most short, length 40cm, and respectively pulls on a drawing at first cross-arm (3) both ends
Line (11) (need to respectively reserve 5cm distance, to ensure that bracing wire (11) does not slide) during binding bracing wire (11) at both ends.By tomato plant
(16) stem is fixed in bracing wire (11), and second cross-arm (3) is installed after tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 60cm, the
Two cross-arm (3) length are identical with first, and two cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom)s are apart from ground 50cm；And in second cross-arm (3)
A bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at both ends, does not bundle stem now, and tomato plant (16) stem is placed on the outside of bracing wire (11), treats tomato
Second cross-arm (3) is increased at the 65cm of ground by plant (16) stem after highly reaching 80cm, then by tomato plant
(16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of second cross-arm (3)；After tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 100cm, peace
Fill the 3rd cross-arm (3), the 3rd cross-arm (3) length is identical with the first two cross-arm (3), the 3rd cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) away from
85cm from the ground；And a main drawing line (8) is respectively pulled at the 3rd cross-arm (3) both ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in master
On the outside of bracing wire (8)；After tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 120cm, the 3rd cross-arm (3) is increased to apart from ground
At 100cm, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled on the main drawing line (8) of the 3rd cross-arm (3)；(now, the Yangtze River Delta
Area comes into high temperature, and canopy temperature is high, high humidity, and disease occurs seriously, to strengthen ventilation and penetrating light, because suitably increasing small row
Away from, highly increase herein small line-spacing do not interfere with worker field operation) simultaneously, the 4th cross-arm (3) is installed on apart from ground
115cm highly locates, and the 4th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) both ends is stretched to 50cm, and the 4th cross-arm (3) both ends respectively pull on one
Bracing wire (11), tomato plant (16) stem is placed on the inside of bracing wire (11), treats tomato plant (16) stem height distance ground
After 140cm, the 4th cross-arm (3) is moved up and be fixed on and is highly located apart from ground 125cm, then by tomato plant (16)
Stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 4th cross-arm (3) (so operation, the small line-spacing increase 10cm of tomato, wide row space reduction
10cm, tomato plant (16) canopy ventilation and penetrating light condition take a turn for the better, and do not influence field operation)；Treat tomato plant (16) stem height
Spend for 150cm when, the 5th cross-arm (3) is installed, the 5th cross-arm (3) length is elongated to 60cm, and the 5th cross-arm (3) is set
A bracing wire (11) is respectively being pulled at the 140cm of ground, and at the 5th cross-arm (3) both ends, by tomato plant (16) stem
It is placed on the inside of bracing wire (11)；The 5th cross-arm (3) is risen after tomato plant (16) stem is highly grown into apart from ground 170cm
Height is arrived at the 150cm of ground, is then bundled in tomato plant (16) stem in the bracing wire (11) of the 5th cross-arm (3), and
6th cross-arm is installed, the 6th cross-arm (3) is arranged at the 165cm of ground, the 6th cross-arm (3) is elongated to
70cm, and a bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at the 6th cross-arm (3) both ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11)
Side；The 6th cross-arm (3) is increased at the 175cm of ground after tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 190cm, and will
Tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 6th cross-arm (3), treats that tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches
200cm, (now, the first fringe of tomato fruit starts maturation, and two row tomatoes being colonized on furrow not only view and admire valency into " inverse Ba type " for topping
Value is high, and disease is reduced, yield increase).
The big fruit tomato of climing cultivation and cherry and tomato, each seasonal cultivation yield are hung using the invention described above cultivating stand and tradition
(kg/667m2) see the table below：
| Kind/planting type | Big fruit tomato (in grind 988) | Cherry and tomato (mousse is special) |
| Cultivating stand | 8908±208.83kg/667m2* | 5838.16±120.36kg/667m2 |
| Hang climing | 8207±118.47kg/667m2 | 6172.37±70.28kg/667m2 |
Note:* represent that there were significant differences in 0.05 level, * * represent there is pole significant difference in 0.01 level.From table
It can be seen that improving big fruit tomato yield using cultivating stand, reach the significance level of difference；Cherry and tomato is cultivated using cultivating stand
Although average productivity is less than using climing processing is hung, it is not notable to produce difference under two kinds of planting types.
The big fruit tomato of climing cultivation is hung using the invention described above cultivating stand and tradition and cherry and tomato, its fruit quality are seen below
Table：
Note:* represent that there were significant differences in 0.05 level, * * represent there is pole significant difference in 0.01 level.From table
It can be seen that improve big fruit tomato and cherry and tomato soluble sugar content using cultivating stand, especially big fruit tomato (in grind
988) soluble sugar content greatly improves.
Specific embodiment described herein is only that spirit of the present invention is illustrated.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. cultivation method of tomatoes, it is characterised in that it includes site preparation, plantation density, field planting management and cultivating stand installation, its Middle cultivating stand installation is based on a kind of special cultivating stand of tomato,The cultivating stand includes：Top column (1), lower pole (2), cross-arm (3), U-shaped lock set (4), bearing diagonal (5), bear down on one Spring (6), self threading pin (7), main drawing line (8), leg (9), moorstone (10), bracing wire (11), turnbuckle (12), long screw (13), Bayonet socket (14), wherein, moorstone (10) is poured by cement to be formed, the fixed lower pole (2) of moorstone (10) and be embedded to underground 0.8~ 1.2m is deep, and the lower pole (2) per ridge is in alignment, and lower pole (2) quantity is determined according to the length on tomato ridge, and adjacent two Distance is 5.5~6.5m between individual lower pole (2)；Bayonet socket (14) is located at the lower end of top column (1), and top column (1) passes through Bayonet socket (14) is fixed using self threading pin (7) after being docked with lower pole (2), overall (17) to form column；U-shaped lock set (4) set It is on top column (1) and fixed by self threading pin (7), then bearing diagonal (5) is fixed on U-shaped lock set (4) with long screw (13) On, leg (9) the support ground of bearing diagonal (5)；Cross-arm (3) is fixed on the column to connecting by the spring that bears down on one (6), cross-arm (3) it Between distance and quantity according to cultivation need depending on；The both ends difference connecting stay wire (11) of every cross-arm (3), bracing wire (11) it is another One end is connected on the cross-arm (3) of adjacent top column (1) same area, from the bottom up the both ends of the 3rd cross-arm (3) of number Main drawing line (8) is connected respectively, and main drawing line (8) is fixed with turnbuckle (12)；The cross-arm (3) can be in 40-75cm telescopics；Specifically installation method is：The seeding row spacing determined before field planting according to field planting plan installs cultivating stand；Lower pole (2) is fixed using moorstone (10) In ground, and the intensity fixed with bearing diagonal (5) and main drawing line (8) enhancing both ends support；Stand support bottom in furrow face Post (2) is inserted perpendicularly into 95~105cm of underground, and installs top column by self threading pin (7)；First cross-arm (3), first cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) distance are installed as the high 37~43cm of tomato plant (16) stem 28~32cm of ground, now first cross-arm (3) is reduced to most short, length 40cm, and is respectively pulled at first cross-arm (3) both ends A piece bracing wire (11), 5cm distance need to be respectively reserved at both ends when bundling bracing wire, to ensure that bracing wire does not slide；By tomato plant (16) stem is fixed in bracing wire (11), and second cross-arm is installed after tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 57~63cm (3), second cross-arm (3) length is identical with first, and second cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) is apart from 48~52cm of ground；And A bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at second cross-arm (3) both ends, does not bundle stem now, and tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) second cross-arm (3), is increased to apart from ground 63 by outside after tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 77~83cm At~67cm, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of second cross-arm (3)；Treat tomato plant (16) After stem highly reaches 97~103cm, the 3rd cross-arm (3), the 3rd cross-arm (3) length and the first two cross-arm (3) phase are installed Together, the 3rd cross-arm (3) setting height(from bottom) is apart from 83~87cm of ground；And respectively pull on a main drawing at the 3rd cross-arm (3) both ends Line (8), tomato plant (16) stem is placed on the outside of main drawing line (8)；Treat tomato plant (16) stem highly reach 117~ After 123cm, the 3rd cross-arm (3) is increased at 98~102cm of ground, is then bundled in tomato plant (16) stem On the main drawing line (8) of 3rd cross-arm (3)；Meanwhile the 4th cross-arm (3) is installed on apart from 113~117cm of ground height A bracing wire (11), general kind are respectively pulled in place, the 4th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) both ends to 50cm, the 4th cross-arm (3) both ends Eggplant plant (16) stem is placed on the inside of bracing wire (11), will after tomato plant (16) stem height distance 137~143cm of ground 4th cross-arm (3) moves up and be fixed on highly to be located apart from 123~127cm of ground, then bundlees tomato plant (16) stem In in the bracing wire (11) of the 4th cross-arm (3)；When tomato plant (16) stem is highly 147~153cm, the 5th horizontal stroke is installed Carry on a shoulder pole (3), the 5th each tensile elongation in cross-arm (3) both ends to 60cm, by the 5th cross-arm (3) be arranged on apart from ground 138~ At 142cm, and a bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at the 5th cross-arm (3) both ends, tomato plant (16) stem is placed in bracing wire (11) inner side；The 5th cross-arm (3) is raised after tomato plant (16) stem is highly grown into apart from 167~173cm of ground To at 148~152cm of ground, then tomato plant (16) stem is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 5th cross-arm (3), And the 6th cross-arm is installed, the 6th cross-arm (3) is arranged at 163~167cm of ground, by the 6th cross-arm (3) two Each tensile elongation is held to 70cm, and a bracing wire (11) is respectively pulled at the 6th cross-arm (3) both ends, by tomato plant (16) stem It is placed on the inside of bracing wire (11)；The 6th cross-arm (3) is increased to after tomato plant (16) stem highly reaches 187~193cm It is bundled in the bracing wire (11) of the 6th cross-arm (3), treats kind at 173~177cm of ground, and by tomato plant (16) stem Eggplant plant (16) stem highly reaches 197~203cm, topping.
- A kind of 2. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the site preparation：Physical features is higher is not easy for selection Water logging, edaphic condition meet the plot cultivated tomato of tomato cultivation requirement, by the wide 60cm of furrow face, furrow width 80cm and the high 40cm of furrow Ratio it is whole go out cultivating bed (15) and ditch.
- A kind of 3. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plantation density：Two rows are colonized per furrow Tomato, size line-spacing are respectively 110cm and 30cm, and spacing in the rows 30cm, every mu is colonized about 4040 plants.
- A kind of 4. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the field planting management：In small row after field planting Centre laying spray irrigation band, using water-fertilizer integral management；Drip irrigation zone upper berth black mulch film management of weeds, water-retaining effect.
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| CN109566168B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2024-01-23 | 宜兴市蔬菜办公室 | Tomato cultivation frame |
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