CN104855094A

CN104855094A - Potato planting method allowing soil acidity improvement

Info

Publication number: CN104855094A
Application number: CN201510216613.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄志鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-05-01
Filing date: 2015-05-01
Publication date: 2015-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2035-05-01
Also published as: CN104855094B

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato planting method allowing soil acidity improvement, which comprises the following steps: (1) block slicing and accelerating germination, (2) soil preparation and ditching, (3) sterilization and seeding, (4) interval watering and (5) rational fertilization. The potato planting method provided by the invention does not need to use traditional pesticides or chemical fertilizers, can make use of a lot of household rubbish and alkaline fertilizers of different kinds, and can effectively improve soil acidity and reduce land pollution in order to realize further high yield of later crop-rotation planting of other staple food grains and other crops.

Description

Improve the potato implantation methods of soil acidity

Technical field

The present invention relates to agriculture field, specifically a kind of potato implantation methods that effectively can improve soil acidity.

Background technology

Haze is the killer in air pollution, China's Jing-jin-ji region and the Northeast, is the annual comparatively serious area of haze appearance in winter.As everyone knows, the haze phenomenon that above area occurs all is thought this to be industrial pollution and automobile exhaust pollution is main and causes.But the industrialization degree of Pearl River Delta and automobile pollution not second to above area, automobile pollution and the more Shenzhen of industrialization degree, but Environmental Protection Department all ranks Chinese city with fresh air first it for successive years.Pearl River Delta haze number of days, also more than above regional minority.Where this will allow people carefully think of; except automobile exhaust pollution and industrial pollution, also have anything to pollute more severe pollution source than these two kinds and cause haze? " national Soil Pollution Investigation publication " that Environmental Protection Department and Ministry of Land and Resources announce before this has done best answer: agricultural pollution super industrial one-tenth China's largest face source contamination industry.Soil pollution air causes one of haze reason.Whole nation soil regime totally allows of no optimist, and some areas soil pollution is heavier, arable soil point position exceeding standard rate 19.4%, major pollutants Wei the heavy metal pollution such as Cadmium, nickel, copper, arsenic, mercury, lead, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Along with sunlight makes water vapour evaporation in soil, bring the heavy metal pollution particle of invisible PH2.5, caused toxin haze.

Agricultural chemicals and a large amount of inputs of these nearest more than ten years of chemical fertilizer of agricultural cause nutrient in soil, heavy metal and toxic organic compound enrichment to cause land pollution, the Product quality and safety of the agricultural product of direct threat particularly paddy rice, wheat, corn three generalized grain staple food grain, and cause the output of three large staple food grains to return, cause the significant problem of grain security.Expert points out: P in soil H value often declines a unit, and the activity of heavy metal cadmium will promote 100 times.This is a challenge that cannot avoid: at " 11 is even rich ", behind, grain growth rate is unable to catch up with demand speedup, and grain security far can not be talked about rashly and reach a standard.A research display, the grain demand that Development of China's Urbanization is brought every year increases about 1,000,000,000 kilograms.How grain security protects from now on.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of potato implantation methods improving soil acidity.

The potato implantation methods improving soil acidity of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

(1), stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days and start stripping and slicing vernalization, potato per jin is cut into 10 ~ 15 kinds of blocks, and often kind of block at least leaves an eye; With ash, the colophony powder rosin powder of 200 mesh sieves (cross) and lard mixed 2 hours of 1:1:1 by weight proportion, form saponification liquor, then with saponification liquor and water by weight proportion 1:200 be watered seed soaking 1 ~ 2 hour, carry out sterilizing; Dry after kind of block sterilization and namely start seedbed vernalization, have two kinds of methods: 1. in the angle, room of room temperature more than 15 DEG C, use husky vernalization, one deck husky one deck kind block; 2. to dig pit vernalization at the ventilation Chaoyang place east-west direction of outdoor, cheat dark 23 ~ 27 centimetres, one deck husky one deck kind block, is advisable for 3 layers, then adds shed plastic film covering, adds a cover straw screen or mat insulation night; Above two kinds of methods will be sprinkled water 1 ~ 2 time every day during vernalization, when bud grows to 0.5 ~ 1.0 centimetre, can sow;

(2), wholely ditch: potato plantation is two ditch field planting, adopts large row 50 centimetres, little row 40 centimetres during trench digging;

(3), sterilization sowing: sow the saponification liquor first using for first 3 ~ 5 days and make in step (1) and water by weight proportion 1:10000 along ditch spray disinfectant, prevent soil insect; Sow between the Spring Equinox to lucid interval, spacing in the rows controls at 18 ~ 22 centimetres; During sowing, plant the block method inserted in ditch have two kinds: one be kind of bud down, the long seedling of potato root that this method grows is strengthened, and potato is few but block large, but 2 ~ 3 days evenings of seedling; In addition method be kind of bud upward, the potato root that this method grows is relatively short, and potato is little but many, and 2 ~ 3 days morning of seedling;

(4), water in interval: the early stage of potato growth should not water, and is fond of Hua Houzai and waters; If it drought, without rain, can be watered once every 10 days, gather in the crops and within first 10 days, stop watering;

(5), the rational application of fertilizer: after crossing 200 mesh sieves after mixing abrasive dust with the seafood shells such as 1.5 weight portion oyster shells, 1 weight portion life rubbish from cooking (being namely eat surplus vegetables and meat bone), 0.5 weight portion oat shell or wheat bran, stir and be fermented into fertilizer; After spray disinfectant prior to seeding 2 days, execute the fertilizer of 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram in every square metre of soil;

Separately get potassium feldspar 2 weight portion, sesame 6 weight portion, cocoa husk 18 weight portion, pomelo peel 8 weight portion, banana skin 10 weight portion cross 200 mesh sieves after mixing abrasive dust, then mix with 100 weight portion fertilizers, 200 weight portion clear water, obtain composite fertilizer; In conjunction with watering, while watering, every square metre of soil executes the composite fertilizer of 0.3 ~ 0.5 kilogram at every turn.

In different component proportionings, the above weight portion is same actual weight benchmark not.

Potato implantation methods of the present invention, without the need to using traditional agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, various house refuse and alkaline fertilizer can be used in a large number, effectively can improve the sour environment of soil, reduce land pollution, make later stage crop rotation plant other staple food grains and got bumper crops further with other crops.

Embodiment

(1), stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days and start stripping and slicing vernalization, potato per jin is cut into 12 kinds of blocks, and often kind of block at least leaves an eye; With ash, the colophony powder rosin powder of 200 mesh sieves (cross) and lard mixed 2 hours of 1:1:1 by weight proportion, form saponification liquor, then with saponification liquor and water by weight proportion 1:200 be watered seed soaking 2 hours, carry out sterilizing; Dry after kind of block sterilization and namely start seedbed vernalization, in the angle, room of room temperature more than 15 DEG C, use husky vernalization, one deck husky one deck kind block, during vernalization, every day sprinkles water 1 time, when bud grows to 0.8 centimetre, can sow;

(3), sterilization sowing: sow the saponification liquor first using for first 4 days and make in step (1) and water by weight proportion 1:10000 along ditch spray disinfectant, prevent soil insect; Clear and Bright is sowed for first 10 days, and plant bud down, spacing in the rows controls at 20 centimetres;

(4), water in interval: potato see spend after start to water; When it drought is without rain, watered once every 10 days, gather in the crops and within first 10 days, stop watering;

(5), the rational application of fertilizer :after crossing 200 mesh sieves after mixing abrasive dust by 1.5 weight portion oyster shells, 1 weight portion vegetables and meat bone, 0.5 weight portion oat shell, stir and be fermented into fertilizer; After spray disinfectant prior to seeding 2 days, execute the fertilizer of 0.8 kilogram in every square metre of soil;

Separately get potassium feldspar 2 weight portion, sesame 6 weight portion, cocoa husk 18 weight portion, pomelo peel 8 weight portion, banana skin 10 weight portion cross 200 mesh sieves after mixing abrasive dust, then mix with 100 weight portion fertilizers, 200 weight portion clear water, obtain composite fertilizer; In conjunction with watering, while watering, execute the composite fertilizer of 0.4 kilogram to every square metre of soil at every turn.

Claims

1. improve the potato implantation methods of soil acidity, comprise the following steps:

(1), stripping and slicing vernalization: sow first 20 days and start stripping and slicing vernalization, potato per jin is cut into 10 ~ 15 kinds of blocks, and often kind of block at least leaves an eye; With ash, colophony powder and lard mixed 2 hours of 1:1:1 by weight proportion, form saponification liquor, then with saponification liquor and water by weight proportion 1:200 be watered seed soaking 1 ~ 2 hour, carry out sterilizing; Dry after kind of block sterilization and namely start seedbed vernalization; To sprinkle water every day 1 ~ 2 time during vernalization, when bud grows to 0.5 ~ 1.0 centimetre, can sow;

(3), sterilization sowing: sow the saponification liquor first using for first 3 ~ 5 days and make in step (1) and water by weight proportion 1:10000 along ditch spray disinfectant; Sow between the Spring Equinox to lucid interval, spacing in the rows controls at 18 ~ 22 centimetres; During sowing, plant block and insert for planting bud down in ditch, or plant bud upward;

(5), the rational application of fertilizer: after crossing 200 mesh sieves with 1.5 weight portion oyster shells, 1 weight portion life rubbish from cooking, 0.5 weight portion oat shell or wheat bran after mixing abrasive dust, stir and be fermented into fertilizer; After spray disinfectant prior to seeding 2 days, execute the fertilizer of 0.5 ~ 1 kilogram in every square metre of soil;

2. implantation methods described in claim 1, is characterized in that, described vernalization is: in the angle, room of room temperature more than 15 DEG C, use husky vernalization, one deck husky one deck kind block; Or to dig pit vernalization at the ventilation Chaoyang place east-west direction of outdoor, cheat dark 23 ~ 27 centimetres, one deck husky one deck kind block, then adds shed plastic film covering, adds a cover straw screen or mat insulation night.