CN104340895A - Monitoring system and monitoring method for safety of tower crane - Google Patents
Monitoring system and monitoring method for safety of tower crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN104340895A CN104340895A CN201410622031.0A CN201410622031A CN104340895A CN 104340895 A CN104340895 A CN 104340895A CN 201410622031 A CN201410622031 A CN 201410622031A CN 104340895 A CN104340895 A CN 104340895A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C2700/00—Cranes
- B66C2700/03—Cranes with arms or jibs; Multiple cranes
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring system for the safety of a tower crane. The monitoring system comprises a data acquisition module, a real-time monitoring module and an overload control module, wherein the data acquisition module is respectively connected with the real-time monitoring module and the overload control module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring weight data of the hoisted load when the tower crane works, amplitude data of the operation of the tower crane as well as status data in real time, outputs the weight data and the amplitude data to the overload control module and outputs the status data to the real-time monitoring module; the overload control module is used for receiving the weight data and the status data and judging whether working points formed by the weight data and the amplitude data are positioned in a preset safety range or not, if not, the tower crane is controlled to stop working. The monitoring system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of reduction of potential safety hazards of the tower crane, high detection precision, time conservation and labor conservation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to weight-lifting equipment, particularly relates to a kind of tower crane safety monitoring system and method for supervising.
Background technology
Tower crane also claims tower crane, belongs to noncontinuity heavy machinery, is that a kind of crane arm is placed in tower body top, rotatable jib crane, is usually used in the place such as building construction and factory equipment installation.Tower crane can effectively be saved manpower, reducings the construction costs, reduces labor intensity, improves construction quality and realize engineering construction mechanization.Meanwhile, compare other hoisting cranes, tower crane has the following advantages: effective operation wide (tower body high, lifting brachium), production efficiency high motions such as (can carry out hoisting simultaneously, turn round, walk) luffings, structure is simple, and running is reliable.But in the course of the work, owing to frequently playing braking, and have larger live load to exist, long-term work is under the state of high-power, high load capacity, and tower crane exists potential safety hazard, and a lot of safety of tower crane accident occurs every year in China, causes fatal crass, suffers heavy losses.
Specify according to " tower crane safety procedure "; safety guard must be installed; existing safety of tower crane and protection system be mounting limit switch on tower crane mainly; as the limiting device that overloads, moment limiting device, amplitude resulting indicator, position limiter, wind speed indicator etc.; it is all the motions by mechanical structure, the change of physical quantity being converted into travel switch by worm drive, gear transmission etc.; when disconnecting control loop when travel switch moves to terminal, report to the police.Such device and method alerting ability is low, and is merely able to the action when fault occurs, and before occurring for fault, the overload condition of tower crane and the mode of operation of tower crane all cannot be monitored.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the deficiency existed for prior art, a kind of simple and compact for structure, with low cost, overload and the mode of operation that can monitor tower crane is in real time provided, reduces high, the time saving and energy saving tower crane safety monitoring system of safety of tower crane hidden danger, accuracy of detection and method for supervising.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of tower crane safety monitoring system, comprising: data acquisition module, real-time monitoring module and overload control module, and described data acquisition module is connected with described real-time monitoring module and the control module that overloads respectively; During the work of described data acquisition module Real-time Collection tower crane, the weight data of load, the amplitude data of tower crane operation and status data hang in institute, export described weight data, amplitude data to described overload control module, export described status data to real-time monitoring module; Described overload control module receives described weight data and amplitude data, and judges the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in the safe range preset, and if NO, then controls tower crane and quits work.
Further improvement as technique scheme:
Described overload control module comprises overload identifying unit and output control unit, described overload identifying unit receives described weight data and amplitude data, and judge the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in safe range according to the maximum torque curve ranges of tower crane, if NO, then exported by output control unit and control tower crane and to quit work instruction.
Described data acquisition module comprises weight and amplitude collecting unit and state data acquisition unit, and described state data acquisition unit gathers tower crane height status data, tower top gustiness data and tower crane angled state data.
Described weight and amplitude collecting unit comprise weight sensor and amplitude sensor, and described weight sensor, amplitude sensor are all installed on the crane arm of tower crane.
Described state data acquisition unit comprises height sensor, air velocity transducer, obliquity sensor, and described height sensor, air velocity transducer, obliquity sensor are all installed on the crane arm of tower crane.
Also comprise image and crash data transport module, described image and crash data transport module and described real-time monitoring module wireless connections, the realtime graphic of anticollision data and tower crane is transferred to described real-time monitoring module by described image and crash data transport module.
Image and crash data transport module comprise image acquisition units, crash data collecting unit and wireless transmission unit, and described image acquisition units, crash data collecting unit are connected with wireless transmission unit respectively.
Also comprise data memory module, sound and light alarm module, human-computer interaction module and load module, described data memory module, sound and light alarm module, human-computer interaction module and load module all with described security monitoring model calling.
The present invention further provides a kind of safety of tower crane method for supervising, comprise the steps:
1) image data: gather tower crane work time institute hang load weight data, tower crane operation amplitude data and status data;
2) security monitoring: the weight data and the amplitude data that receive described step 1), and judge the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in the safe range preset, if NO, then control tower crane and quit work; The state receiving the output of described step 1) is monitored in real time.
Further improvement as technique scheme:
Described step 1) also comprises image and crash data collecting flowchart, and specific implementation method is: the view data of Real-time Collection tower crane and crash data also export.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
The present invention can monitor state information judge the overload condition of tower crane and control in real time, has the advantage that alerting ability is high, be convenient to carry out the overload condition of tower crane and mode of operation monitoring in real time; Meanwhile, detected the overload behavior of tower crane by weight and amplitude data, realize that principle is simple and accuracy of detection that is overload is high, effectively reduce the potential safety hazard of tower crane.Monitor state information of the present invention comprises height condition data, tower top gustiness data and tower crane angled state data further, and integrated multiple monitoring function, in one, can be monitored the multiple mode of operation of tower crane effectively in real time, be beneficial to raising quality monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of tower crane of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the maximum torque diagram of curves of tower crane of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is luffing trailer coupling schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the tower crane safety monitoring system of the present embodiment, comprising: data acquisition module, real-time monitoring module and overload control module, and data acquisition module is connected with real-time monitoring module and the control module that overloads respectively; Data acquisition module Real-time Collection tower crane work time institute hang load weight data, tower crane operation amplitude data and status data, export weight data, amplitude data to overload control module, export status data to real-time monitoring module; Overload control module receives weight data and amplitude data, and judge the operation point that is made up of weight data and amplitude data whether in the safe range preset, if the operation point that weight data and amplitude data are formed is not in the safe range preset, then control tower crane to quit work, if in safe range, then normally work.The present invention can monitor state information judge the overload condition of tower crane and control in real time, has the advantage that alerting ability is high, be convenient to carry out the overload condition of tower crane and mode of operation monitoring in real time; Meanwhile, detected the overload behavior of tower crane by weight and amplitude data, realize that principle is simple and accuracy of detection that is overload is high, effectively reduce the potential safety hazard of tower crane.
In the present embodiment, overload control module and real-time monitoring module adopt with embedded microprocessor ARM as the miniature primary controller of process core realizes, ARM is a kind of 32-bit microprocessor, possess high-performance low-power-consumption, degree of stability be high, integrated level is high, volume is little, advantage that cost is low, and opening is good, peripheral interface abundant, communication capacity is strong, can the display terminals such as CRT, LCD be supported, and various operating system can be embedded.Miniature primary controller is connected with power unit, and power unit is that the 220V alternating-current voltage/AC voltage carried by tower crane is converted into required galvanic current pressure, powers to miniature primary controller.
In the present embodiment, overload control module comprises overload identifying unit and output control unit, overload identifying unit receives weight data and the amplitude data of data acquisition module, and judge the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in safe range according to the maximum torque curve ranges of tower crane, if not in safe range, then exported by output control unit and control tower crane and to quit work instruction.The maximum torque curve of tower crane as shown in Figure 3, wherein abscissa is the amplitude data that tower crane runs, ordinate for when tower crane works hang the weight data of load, the maximum torque curve of tower crane is curve A BC, judge that the groundwork whether tower crane overloads is: in the operational process of tower crane, operation amplitude when data acquisition module works to tower crane and hang load weight gather, the position relationship of the operation point that the weight data gathered by the judgement of overload control module and operation amplitude are formed and maximum torque curve, if operation point exceedes the scope of maximum torque curve, then judge that tower crane current operating state is as being overload operation state, control hard stop, if operation point is in maximum torque curve ranges, then judge that tower crane current operating state is as non-overload operation state.
In the present embodiment, data acquisition module comprises weight and amplitude collecting unit and state data acquisition unit, state data acquisition unit gathers tower crane height status data, tower top gustiness data and tower crane angled state data, and the analog voltage of amplitude, lift heavy and state is converted into digital signal by data acquisition module.The multiple monitoring functions such as the integrated height condition data of the present invention, tower top gustiness data and tower crane angled state data, in one, can be monitored the multiple mode of operation of tower crane effectively in real time, be beneficial to raising quality monitoring.
As shown in Figure 2, tower crane comprises tower body, crane arm, equilibrium arm and supporting base, crane arm and equilibrium arm are supported on the both sides of tower body by supporting base, in the present embodiment, weight and amplitude collecting unit comprise weight sensor and amplitude sensor, and weight sensor, amplitude sensor are all installed on the crane arm of tower crane.In the present embodiment, weight sensor elastic body produces elastic deformation under external force, make the resistance strain gage being pasted onto weight sensor surface also in company with producing distortion, after resistance strain gage distortion, its resistance will change, inner electric balance testing circuit exports corresponding voltage signal, electric balance tool advantage is that the impact of temperature traverse is little, side force can be suppressed to disturb, the compensation problem etc. of LOAD CELLS can be solved easily, LOAD CELLS output signal puts amplifier through simulation trial, impedance match, the computing of overload control module is sent into after analogue to digital conversion.
As shown in Figure 4, amplitude detection principle is: when luffing driven by motor dolly hitch wheel rotates, and steel rope is shunk in one end, pulls dolly, and the other end releases steel rope, and amplitude variation trolley moves to rope closing end.Traction coil diameter parameters is known, carriage amplitude varying displacement and direction can be calculated by the revolution and rotation direction of measuring reel, therefore, at dolly hitch wheel place, synchronizer gear is installed, with accurate potentiometric sensor and reel synchronous revolving, a constant pressure source is added at potentiometer pick-off two ends, the output voltage of middle slider just becomes a linear ratio relation with its displacement, the output voltage of middle slip contact is put amplifier through computing, impedance match, the corresponding changes in amplitude of overload control module computing is sent into after analogue to digital conversion, amplitude sensor is arranged on dolly hitch wheel place, amplitude sensor because of volume little, often be directly installed in the existing electric limiting device of tower crane.
In the present embodiment, described state data acquisition unit comprises height sensor, air velocity transducer, obliquity sensor, and height sensor, air velocity transducer, obliquity sensor are all installed on the crane arm of tower crane.Wherein, air velocity transducer measures the instrument of air rate, and air velocity transducer forms sensing part by the empty cup of parabolic cone that 3 are mutually 120 °, and a concave surface all forward direction of empty cup, whole sensing part is arranged on a vertical rotating shaft.Under the action of the forces of the wind, vane starts to rotate around axle, and rotate with the rotating speed being proportional to wind speed, the impulse singla that anemoscope exports is proportional to rotary rpm, after light-coupled isolation, send into real-time monitoring module, real-time monitoring module calculates corresponding wind speed (unit is m/s); Obliquity sensor is installed on directly over the tower body swing type mechanism center of circle, is used for the change of pitch angle amount measured with respect to the horizontal plane, when obliquity sensor is static i.e. side and vertical direction there is no acceleration/accel effect, act on and only have acceleration due to gravity above it.Angle between gravity vertical axis and acceleration pick-up sensitive axis is leaning angle.Obliquity sensor is arranged on tower body, real-time monitoring module timing read the data of obliquity sensor detect tower crane whether with the earth horizontal plane, timely early warning during inclination.
In the present embodiment, the Cleaning Principle of height sensor is: pinnacle of a pagoda is fixed in hoist rope one end, the other end is wrapped on hoisting drum, when lifting electric motor drives hoisting drum to the rotation of different directions, is just become the straight-line motion vertically of suspension hook by transmission device and reverse wheel.When weight landing, rope belt action-oriented fixed pulley rotates, diameter of pulley is known, synchronizer gear connects lifting altitude reel and precision resistor sensor, a constant pressure source is added at potentiometer pick-off two ends, the output voltage of middle slider becomes a linear ratio relation with regard to perpendicular upper and lower displacement, put after amplifier, impedance match, analogue to digital conversion through computing by the output voltage of middle slip contact and send into the corresponding height change of real-time monitoring module computing, height sensor is arranged on lifting mechanism reel place optimum.
In the present embodiment; when tower crane is shut down; tower type crane slewing gear is in non-brake state; arm should be allowed to rotate freely under wind load action; to eliminate the accident of falling tower caused because wind load is excessive; but now all electric equipmenies are all in stopped status, the degreeof turn of tower crane can not be detected.Therefore, degreeof turn sensor should have initial angle memory function, and native system adopts absolute type optical rotary encoder as rotary angle transmitter, and this coder is determined by the mechanical location of photoelectric code disk, and it is not by the impact had a power failure, disturb.When switching on power again after device power or power failure, not needing to get back to position reference point, just can utilize current positional value.Each position that absolute encoder is determined by mechanical location is unique, and whenever it, without the need to memory, without the need to looking for reference, all can read code value and calculating current angular.
As shown in Figure 1, tower crane safety monitoring system also comprises image and crash data transport module, in this enforcement image and crash data transport module as from machine, real-time monitoring module as main frame, main frame with pass through wireless connections from machine, the realtime graphic of anticollision data and tower crane is transferred to real-time monitoring module by image and crash data transport module,, monitor mode of operation and the collision status of tower crane in real time.
In the present embodiment, image and crash data transport module comprise image acquisition units, crash data collecting unit and wireless transmission unit, and image acquisition units, crash data collecting unit are connected with wireless transmission unit respectively.Wherein, image acquisition units adopts camera, the image of Real-time Collection tower crane.Camera is installed on crane arm amplitude variation trolley place, and camera is aimed at gib head and is used for monitoring gib head ambient conditions in real time.MCU sends instruction to camera head, photographed images information is captured into a width width resolution 640*480, the Jpg image file format of 16 looks, adopt jpeg image Coding Compression Algorithm (dct transform algorithm) lossy compression method, remove the view data of redundancy by lossy compression method mode, very abundant lively image can be represented as far as possible also can obtain good image quality with minimum memory headroom simultaneously while obtaining high bulk compressibility.From machine, the Image Coding compressed is uploaded to main frame by wireless transmission unit, real-time monitoring module forms image in HMI man-machine interface after the image coded data of compression is resolved synthesis.Crash data collecting unit comprises anticollision sensor.Anticollision sensor is installed on crane arm head, adopt ultrasonic ranging, ultrasonic resonator frequency is the mechanical wave of more than 20KHZ, ultrasonic transmitter constantly launches ultrasonic signal, and run into obstacle back reflection and return, ultrasonic receiver receives signal, measure and the time difference transmitted, hypracoustic speed is known, calculates distance, reads anticollision sensing data from machine timing.From machine, early warning and range finding are radioed to master controller when an obstacle is detected, main frame sends sound and light alarm.Image and crash data transport module are connected with power module, and the 220V alternating-current voltage/AC voltage that tower crane carries by power module is converted into required galvanic current pressure.
In the present embodiment, tower crane safety monitoring system also comprises data memory module, sound and light alarm module, human-computer interaction module, load module and real-time clock module, data memory module, sound and light alarm module, human-computer interaction module, load module and real-time clock module all with described security monitoring model calling.Data memory module is used for the information such as job record of memory system, and accident also can carry out record to casualty data after occurring; Sound and light alarm module adopts buzzer phone to carry out early warning, warning, and protects with relay; Human-computer interaction module is used for the mode of operation of display system and the numerical value of each physical quantity, can arrange, show tower crane main hook realtime graphic and anticollision signal simultaneously, can show magnitude of physical quantity in real time parameters such as the multiplying power of system, M curves; Load module adopts touch key, and under the prerequisite ensureing switch reliability, meet comfortable feel again, each button mark is clear, clear and definite, convenient and reliable operation; Real-time clock module adopts real-time timepiece chip with accurate certainty annuity current time, provides reference for memory cell records data on time.
In the present embodiment, the method for safety monitoring of tower crane, comprises the steps:
1) image data: gather tower crane work time institute hang load weight data, tower crane operation amplitude data and status data;
2) security monitoring: receiving step 1) weight data and amplitude data, and judge the operation point that is made up of weight data and amplitude data whether in the safe range preset, if NO, then control tower crane and quit work; Receiving step 1) state that exports monitors in real time.
Wherein, step 1) also comprises image and crash data collecting flowchart, and specific implementation method is: the view data of Real-time Collection tower crane and crash data also export.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, when not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, can utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or being revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should drop in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. a tower crane safety monitoring system, is characterized in that, comprising: data acquisition module, real-time monitoring module and overload control module, and described data acquisition module is connected with described real-time monitoring module and the control module that overloads respectively; During the work of described data acquisition module Real-time Collection tower crane, the weight data of load, the amplitude data of tower crane operation and status data hang in institute, export described weight data, amplitude data to described overload control module, export described status data to real-time monitoring module; Described overload control module receives described weight data and amplitude data, and judges the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in the safe range preset, and if NO, then controls tower crane and quits work.
2. tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described overload control module comprises overload identifying unit and output control unit, described overload identifying unit receives described weight data and amplitude data, and judge the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in safe range according to the maximum torque curve ranges of tower crane, if NO, then exported by output control unit and control tower crane and to quit work instruction.
3. tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data acquisition module comprises weight and amplitude collecting unit and state data acquisition unit, and described state data acquisition unit gathers tower crane height status data, tower top gustiness data and tower crane angled state data.
4. tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described weight and amplitude collecting unit comprise weight sensor and amplitude sensor, and described weight sensor, amplitude sensor are all installed on the crane arm of tower crane.
5. tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described state data acquisition unit comprises height sensor, air velocity transducer, obliquity sensor, and described height sensor, air velocity transducer, obliquity sensor are all installed on the crane arm of tower crane.
6. the tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise image and crash data transport module, described image and crash data transport module and described real-time monitoring module wireless connections, the realtime graphic of anticollision data and tower crane is transferred to described real-time monitoring module by described image and crash data transport module.
7. tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, image and crash data transport module comprise image acquisition units, crash data collecting unit and wireless transmission unit, and described image acquisition units, crash data collecting unit are connected with wireless transmission unit respectively.
8. the tower crane safety monitoring system according to claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, also comprise data memory module, sound and light alarm module, human-computer interaction module and load module, described data memory module, sound and light alarm module, human-computer interaction module and load module all with described security monitoring model calling.
9. a safety of tower crane method for supervising, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) image data: gather tower crane work time institute hang load weight data, tower crane operation amplitude data and status data;
2) security monitoring: the weight data and the amplitude data that receive described step 1), and judge the operation point that is made up of described weight data and amplitude data whether in the safe range preset, if NO, then control tower crane and quit work; The state receiving the output of described step 1) is monitored in real time.
10. a safety of tower crane method for supervising, is characterized in that, described step 1) also comprises image and crash data collecting flowchart, and specific implementation method is: the view data of Real-time Collection tower crane and crash data also export.
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| CN110467117A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 广州力环工程科技有限公司 | A kind of tower crane with monitoring system |
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| CN110467117A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-11-19 | 广州力环工程科技有限公司 | A kind of tower crane with monitoring system |
| CN112645217B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2023-06-20 | 湖南中联重科建筑起重机械有限责任公司 | Control method and control device of trolley and tower crane |
| CN112645217A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 湖南中联重科建筑起重机械有限责任公司 | Control method and control device of crane trolley and tower crane |
| CN110844810A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-28 | 湖南中联重科建筑起重机械有限责任公司 | Method and equipment for protecting load moment of tower crane |
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| CN111232846B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2022-02-01 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Safety control device and method and crane moment safety monitoring system |
| CN114723187A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-07-08 | 杭州未名信科科技有限公司 | Intelligent tower crane, fault prediction method of intelligent tower crane and storage medium |
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| CN118289657A (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-07-05 | 杭州宇泛智能科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring method and device for safety of tower crane by adopting heterogeneous sensor direct connection |
| CN118289657B (en) * | 2024-06-06 | 2024-08-27 | 杭州宇泛智能科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring method and device for safety of tower crane by adopting heterogeneous sensor direct connection |
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Application publication date: 20150211 |