CN104152181A - Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method - Google Patents
Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104152181A CN104152181A CN201410400491.9A CN201410400491A CN104152181A CN 104152181 A CN104152181 A CN 104152181A CN 201410400491 A CN201410400491 A CN 201410400491A CN 104152181 A CN104152181 A CN 104152181A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method with which pollution can be controlled at a source and the entire process is environment-friendly and energy-saving. Long-term operation is stable and reliable (and is prolonged by several times than that of prior art). With the method, coal, coke, coal gangue, biomass and other organic matters (waste) can be subjected to gasification combustion. A gasification combustion cost is low (electricity can be saved by more than 50% than with coal powder and with a fluidized bed combustion system; and boiler starting and low-load stable combustion do not consume oil). Coal-based active carbon can be produced according to needs of coal quality and product. The method can be applied in and can match gas internal combustion engine and gas turbine power generation systems and can be used for producing clean cold coal gas. The method can also be used for producing hot coal gas, and can be applied on industrial kilns used for drying, heating, calcining, and melting. The method can be widely applied, and has market in almost all coal-producing countries. The method can be applied in almost all equipment applying coal, oil, gas, and electricity as fuels. The method has great environmental and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler clean coal combustion process, particularly a kind of elemental carbon, the method for the gasification fired boiler (kiln) designing from molecular level.
Background technology
Current, climate change, environmental degradation, resource scarcity have become global problem.Energy-saving and emission-reduction, reply climate change, also to have become from technical change be International Politics a focus and focus.
The Energy Situation of China is to take coal as main production and consumption big country.Coal consumption has accounted for half of world's total amount, and 80% above being still adopts traditional direct combustion system (fire grate grate firing, fluidized-bed combustion, coal dust firing, moulded coal and cool water mixture burning etc.).Environmental science is thought: this direct combustion system of coal is a primary pollution source of the gray haze of China's generation at present.
Yet, this direct coal-fired mode, also will be continued to use by domestic and international industry future always.International Energy Agency 2021-2050 efficient low-discharging coal fired power generation technological line for example, still adopts the direct burning coal technology of circular fluid bed and pulverized coal firing boiler.This is mainly from basic theory, to recognize: direct combustion method is that the gas gas-phase objects of the solid formation in coal and pyrolysis is mixed in together, in same burner hearth, burns, and has run counter to gas-solid two-phase thing aptitude to burn, rule separately.This direct burning to be carried out completely, just adopted higher excess air (α >=1.2) result to attend to one thing and lose sight of another, cause on the contrary in combustion processes and first will produce in a large number the hazardous contaminant relevant with oxygen (SOx, NOx etc.), and then administer.So not only complex process, and cost is very high, even also causes " pollution treatment is raw dirty again " to discharge unstable, the difficult situation up to standard of pollution treatment.
The current coal-based IGCC technology of development, although generating efficiency is higher, because complex process, operational difficulty, running cost are high, invest the problems such as large, makes to apply being greatly limited.Probe into its basic reason: be by having continued to use due to the gasification technology of traditional high-ratio surface, high temperature, high pressure.
The custom efficiency thinking of above-mentioned these technical matters and existing working standard are such measurements:
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned present situation, the present invention proposes coal burning by energy environment protection benefit theory:
Carry out comprehensive quantizing examination and development.Thereby science innovative technology, has proposed a kind of high benefit from the gasification combustion method of carbon-molecular level design of source prevention and control pollution, environmental protection and energy saving.
In order to realize this target, technological line of the present invention is: feed coal is sent the solid sulphur gasification of carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 to.Described carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 has been set up point for measuring temperature 1-2 in reduction zone, top, correspondingly in bottom oxidation zone, has also set up the steam fumarole 1-1 with quantity, and when measuring point temperature variation surpasses Process Planning fixed number, Controlling System is automatically opened steam and regulated and controled; Slag is discharged from furnace bottom; Sulphur heating gas up to standard enters boiler (kiln) 3 and adopts low excess air burning; Described boiler (kiln) 3 lower furnace portion have been set up decoking (dirt) cavity (combustion chamber), and burnt (dirt) discharges from boiler bottom outlet 4, high-temperature flue gas through the heat exchange of boiler heat-transfer face from chimney discharge up to standard.The steam (hot water) that boiler 3 produces is for generating (heat supply).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the coal-based boiler carbon-molecule of the present invention gasification, and combustion technical process figure.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of typical modified version carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace of the present invention and regulator control system figure.
Accompanying drawing 3 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention is arranged symmetrically with the structure iron of burner from boiler both sides.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention arranges the structure iron of burner from boiler three limits.
Accompanying drawing 5 is that a kind of boiler of the present invention (kiln) is arranged the structure iron of burner on one side.
Accompanying drawing 6 is structure iron that a kind of ultra-large type boiler of the present invention four limits are arranged symmetrically with burner.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1,2,3 and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail:
Feed coal is through sieving out lump coal, fine coal below 10mm adds calcium (Ca/S approaches 1 proportioning component) and makes coal briquette, fume waste heat is dried, with coal conveyor, lump coal is sent into together with dry coal ball to sealing coal bunker 1-3 (this standby coal measures system economizes on electricity more than 50% than coal pulverized coal preparation system), with stoker, send carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace gas making (molecule stove gasifying agent pressure < 0.5kpa to again, than existing coal dust firing and fluidized-bed combustion blast 1.2kpa, reduced by 58%, corresponding economize on electricity 58%), described carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 adopts the gas making of the thick bed of material 1-5 of the thin bed of material 1-6 of large interface complete oxidation coupling small cross-section forward reduction reaction mechanism (this orderly, useful gasification mechanism, can increase the effective collision probability between reactant molecule, thereby improve gasification output and transformation efficiency, than the unordered reaction science of the air flow bed of traditional specific surface method and fluidized-bed, advanced, same output, power consumption reduces more than 90%), described carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 bottom oxidation panel adopts large inclined-plane low spatial cavity configuration, and by fuel big area stand lamellar 1-6, this just makes it and a contact interface of the vaporized chemical of inside and outside fire grate spirt increase, thus quickening oxidizing reaction: C+O
2=CO
2the speed that+Q carries out, makes reaction more complete, and the carbon content of slag also decreases, described carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 top adopts small cross-section high spatial cavity configuration, makes feed coal be thin and tall shape 1-5, and this just makes: CO
2extend the duration of contact between+C=2CO-Q reactant, and improved the flow velocity of rising hot-fluid, accelerated convective heat exchange and mass transfer effect, the temperature of reduction section fuel filling column raise, the quantity of having supplied fast again reactant carbonic acid gas simultaneously, timely in order to ensure reaction in furnace temperature, equilibrium meets processing requirement, described carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 has been set up several annular point for measuring temperature 1-2 in reduction zone, top, symmetrical oxidation zone below has also been set up the steam fumarole 1-1 with quantity, when the temperature of measuring point surpasses Process Planning definite value and the annular measuring point temperature difference and surpasses some amount (fixed according to ature of coal), Controlling System is automatically opened steam jet 1-1 valve and is regulated and controled that (this regional control is timely, accurately, effectively, reliably, can guarantee stable the carrying out of large interface thin bed of material complete oxidation reflection coupling small cross-section thick bed of material forward reduction reaction), these factors must be accelerated the speed of reduction reaction, make that reaction carries out not only fully but also safety, because carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace 1 is to consolidate sulphur gas making (can approach 1 design proportioning component by Ca/S, resource consumption significantly reduces) with adding calcium coal under anoxia condition, this has just realized efficient sulphur removal up to standard from burning, calcic slag is discharged from furnace bottom, as cement raw material, recycles.Sulphur heating gas up to standard enters the external burner 2 of the downward winding-up that boiler (kiln) 3 is integrated, and through the cavity (combustion chamber) 6 of decoking (dirt), (described decoking (dirt) cavity has decoking and dedusting double-acting.According to ature of coal and product needed, close external burner 2 air doors, make its performance inertia impulsive force effect decoking, just can produce active carbon from coal; Also can open as requested, regulate and control air and coordinate heating gas burning dedusting), then enter inner burner 5 mixing airs at hearth combustion.This heating gas is to adopt α to approach 1 low excess air (saving clean air more than 10% than existing various direct coal combustion technologies) burning, can be from element aspect decrement, the generation of venomous injurant SOx, NOx etc. that prevention and control are relevant with oxygen, whole process is environmental protection and energy saving more.High-temperature flue gas through the heat-transfer surface heat exchange of boiler 3 from chimney discharge up to standard.The steam (or hot water) that boiler 3 produces is for generating (or heat supply).
Fig. 2 is a kind of typical modified version carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace of the present invention and regulator control system figure, and 1-1 is steam fumarole; 1-2 is annular thermometer hole; 1-3 is coal filling hole; 1-4 is gas exit; 1-5 is the thick bed of material reduction reaction of small cross-section district; 1-6 is the thin material layer oxidation of large interface reaction zone; 1-7 is outer fire grate; 1-8 is interior fire grate; Slag is discharged from furnace bottom; Vaporized chemical is from the air chamber spirt of fire grate.This carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace and gasification process, can produce clean heating gas, as fuel burning boiler, heating steel, material drying, thawing glass, calcination of cement clinker etc.; Also can supportingly be applied in gas internal-combustion engine and gas turbine generating system, manufacture clean cooled coal gas; Also can produce material gas.Its advantage is: technique is simple, and gas production rate is large, and carbon rate of rotation is high, and running cost is low, and coal adaptability is wide, safe and reliable to operation.
Fig. 3 is that a kind of typical case of the present invention is arranged symmetrically with the structure iron of burner from boiler both sides, the 2nd, and the external burner of the heating gas of can switch air jetting downwards; The 3rd, boiler furnace; The 4th, (dirt) mouthful discharges of the coke; The 5th, inner burner; The 6th, cavity (combustion chamber) that can decoking (dirt); The 7th, the coal gas chamber of burner; The 8th, the wind box of burner; The 9th, the wall shell of inner burner, on wall shell as requested design arrangement air spray orifice; The 10th, the wind box of inner burner.
To be a kind of typical cases of the present invention arrange the structure iron of burners from boiler three limits with accompanying drawing 4, the 2nd, and the external burner of the heating gas of can switch air jetting downwards; The 3rd, boiler furnace.
Accompanying drawing 5 is structure iron that a kind of boiler of the present invention (kiln) is arranged on one side burner, the 2nd, and the external burner of the heating gas of can switch air jetting downwards; The 3rd, boiler (kiln) burner hearth.
Accompanying drawing 6 is structure iron that a kind of ultra-large type boiler of the present invention four limits are arranged symmetrically with burner, the 2nd, and the external burner of the heating gas of can switch air jetting downwards; The 3rd, boiler furnace.
Due to above-mentioned carbon (coal)-molecule gasification, and combustion technical scheme, realized in gasification of coal burning and having polluted from source prevention and control, whole process environmental protection and energy saving.And cost is low, long-term operation reliable and stable (extending several times than prior art), the various coals of energy gasification, and combustion, coke, coal gangue, biomass and other organism (waste).Add that the present invention is according to ature of coal and product needed, also can produce flexibly active carbon from coal.
Therefore, application surface of the present invention is extremely wide, and there is market in nearly all producing coal state, almost with coal, oil, gas, electricity, makes the equipment of fuel all available.And environmental benefit and economic benefit huge.
Claims (8)
1. carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler (kiln) method, main technique comprises:
1. carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace adopts and adds the solid sulphur gas making of calcium coal;
2. sulphur heating gas up to standard and low excess air are blended in the burning of boiler (kiln) fire cleaning;
3. according to ature of coal and product needed, boiler (kiln) also can be produced flexibly active carbon from coal before burning;
4. high-temperature flue gas through boiler surface heat exchange from chimney discharge up to standard;
5. the steam (hot water) that boiler produces is for generating (heat supply).
2. a kind of carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler according to claim 1 (kiln) method, is characterized in that: described technique is to adopt coal first to gasify and burn, under vapourizing furnace anoxia condition with Ca/S approach 1 add the solid sulphur of calcium; Combustion chamber approaches 1 low excess air burning with α, whole process element decrement, and prevention and control nuisance generates.
3. a kind of carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler according to claim 1 and 2 (kiln) method, it is characterized in that: described carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace has improved gasifying process regulate and control method, in reduction zone, top, set up several annular thermometer holes, in bottom oxidation zone, set up the steam fumarole of equal amts, realization is according to measuring point temperature variation, regulate and control in time, guarantee stable the carrying out of large interface thin bed of material complete oxidation reflection coupling small cross-section thick bed of material forward reduction reaction.
4. according to carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler (kiln) method described in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: lower disposed decoking (dirt) cavity (combustion chamber) of boiler furnace, described decoking (dirt) cavity has decoking and dedusting double-acting.
5. a kind of carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler (kiln) method described in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the outer burner of downward winding-up heating gas that can switch air by periphery at the top of decoking (dirt) cavity (combustion chamber), described outer burner can be arranged on three limits, also can be bilateral, four limits are arranged symmetrically with, also can arrange on one side of boiler (kiln).
6. a kind of carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler (kiln) method described in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: according to ature of coal and product needed, close the pressure lock of outer burner, make its performance inertia impulsive force effect decoking, just can produce active carbon from coal; Also can open as requested, regulate and control air and coordinate the dedusting of heating gas clean burning.
7. carbon-molecule gasification fired boiler (kiln) method described in claim 1 to 6 is according to energy environment protection benefit theory:
Carry out technological design and development.
8. modified version carbon-molecule vapourizing furnace and gasification process, can supportingly be applied in gas internal-combustion engine and gas turbine generating system, manufactures clean cooled coal gas; Also can produce on the supporting Industrial Stoves that are used in oven dry, heating, calcining, melt of heating gas; Also can supporting application produce material gas.
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410400491.9A CN104152181A (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method |
| KR1020167018557A KR20160107179A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
| US15/102,616 US20160298040A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
| AU2014361632A AU2014361632A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
| EA201691227A EA201691227A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | METHOD FOR DEVELOPING ELECTRIC ENERGY IN THE BOILER BY BURNING GAS-RECEIVED MOLECULAR CARBON |
| CN201480065842.3A CN107001956B (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-08 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler power generation method |
| PCT/CN2014/001103 WO2015085653A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
| CA2933108A CA2933108A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-08 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410400491.9A CN104152181A (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-08-15 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method |
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| CN104152181A true CN104152181A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| CN201410400491.9A Pending CN104152181A (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-08-15 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler (kiln) method |
| CN201480065842.3A Active CN107001956B (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-08 | Carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler power generation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2015085653A1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-18 | 陈涛 | Power generating method of carbon-molecule gasification combustion boiler |
| CN107083259A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-22 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Gas preparation method, the use system and combustion gas application method of combustion gas |
| CN109282275A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2019-01-29 | 陈涛 | Carbon-molecule gasification and combustion boiler is engineered operating system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN107001956B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| CN107001956A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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