CA1211621A - Generally circular cylindrical member which is adapted to be inserted into a mating bore - Google Patents
Generally circular cylindrical member which is adapted to be inserted into a mating boreInfo
- Publication number
- CA1211621A CA1211621A CA000431741A CA431741A CA1211621A CA 1211621 A CA1211621 A CA 1211621A CA 000431741 A CA000431741 A CA 000431741A CA 431741 A CA431741 A CA 431741A CA 1211621 A CA1211621 A CA 1211621A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- circular cylindrical
- segment
- set forth
- bore
- solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/005—Cylindrical shanks of tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
- B23B2231/02—Features of shanks of tools not relating to the operation performed by the tool
- B23B2231/026—Grooves
- B23B2231/0268—Radial grooves
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A generally circular cylindrical body which is intended to be inserted into a mating bore has a leading end portion which is defined by an annular recess and constitutes a solid of revolution centered on the axis of the generally cylindrical member. In order to facilitate the insertion of said member into the mating bore, the solid of revolution comprises a spherical segment, which extends on both sides of its great circle plane that is at right angles to the axis of the cylindrical member.
Description
lZ~3l6Zl ~he tools used to machine workpieces to small tolerances must be mounted with high precision in mating receptacles, If conical receptacles are u~ed f~r this purpose, the tool can be centered with high precision but the axial positioning of the tool is rather înaccurate. In a cylindrical receptacle, the tool can be held exactly in a desired axial position, whiC~ is de~ined by a stop, and this can be accomplished by simple means, but it is difficult to center the tool because the cylindrical sha~t o~ the tool or of the toolholder must be inserted in a mating bore. If the cylindrical shaft cannot be inserted into the mating bore exactly in coaxially alignment, the cylindrical shaft may be seized in the mating bore during a~
insertio~. Whereas the insertion carl be facilitated by the provision of a conical chamber at the leading end, this design cannot prevent a canting and the resulting self-locki~g actionO
~hese difficulties will arise not only during the insertion of a circular cylindrical member havi~g a stepless transition to the leading end portion but also during~ the insertion of a member wnich has a leading end portion that is defined by an al~nular recess because in that case the leading end portion has also a circular cylindrical shape. Such annular recess does not only facilitate the insertion of the circular cylindrical member into a mating bore but permits the member to be held in the mating bore against axial movement by means of detent members extending into the annular recess. (Laid-open German Application 26 47 633)o .
12:~162~
~ ool-changing devices are required to ensure a repeated exchallge of tools so that the inser-tion of a circular cylindrical member into a mating bore is of special import~-lce in the use of such devices. ~his problem is aggrcavated by the fact that the usual tool-handling means provided for exchanging the tools cannot be employed because tlley cannot move the tool as accu-rately as is requiredO
It is an object of the invention so to design the leading end portion o:f a generally circular cylin-drical member that said member can be inser-ted into an exactly fitting, mating bore without a risk of a self-locking action due to canting when the axis of the cylindrical member has not been exactly aligned with the axis of the bore before the inser-tion of the member.
~ his object is accomplished in accordance with the invention in that the solid of revolution comprises a spherical segment which extends on both sides of its great circle plane that is at right a~gles to t.e axis of the cylindrical memberO
Because the leading end portion comprises a spherical segment which extends on both sides of a great circle plane that is at right allgles to the axis of the cylindrical member, a ball joint is provided, wni_h permits t~e ge~erally circular cylindrical member to be inserted into the mating bore wi-thout canting eve~ the axis of the cylindrical member ex-tends at an angle to t,-e axis of -the bore. It will be understood that the largest permissible a~gular misalignment between the axis of the cylindrical member and the axis of the bore will depend on th~ axial extent of --2~
~` ~21162~
said sphe~ical segment. When the leading and por-tion o~ the cylindrical member has been initiall~ inserted into the mating ~ore, the further ins~rtion of the cylindrical member into t;he cylindrical bore will result in a self-aligning actio~ bec~use the surface of the bore will gu~de the cylindrical portion at a distance from the spheric,al segmentO Experiments have shown that generally circular cylindrical members having such a leading end! portion can easily be inserted into a mating bore eve~ in case of a relatively large angular mis-alignment bet;ween the axis of the cylindri-cal portion and the axis of the bore, prov-ided that the cylindrical member wni~h is to be inserted is held with such a freedom of movement that it can align itself in the mating bore.
~ he transitional portion between the spherical segment and the circularly cylindrical portion o~ the member must be so designed that said transitional portion cannot be caught by the rim of the bore. For 20 tiliS reason a step transition should be avoided. In a design which is particularly desirable regarding manu-facture a~d operation, the transitional portion between the spherical segment and the circular cylindrical portion consists of a conical portion. It will be under-stood that the included angle of such conical portion must not be too large. In practice it has been found that all requirements will be met by a conical portion having an included a~igle of 10 to 40 degrees, pre~erably 20 degreesO
~o facili-tate the insertion of a spherical segme~t having a comparatively small axial extent into il Zl:162~
the mating bore, the spherical segment may merge toward the leading e.~d of the member into a frusto-conical portio~, which has preferably an included angle of 90 degrees. ~his feature results in an additional taper of the gei~erally circular cyli~drical member at its leadi~g e~ld so that larger lateral off-sets of the axis of the cylindrical member and the axis of the bores can be accommodated.
An illustrative embodiment of the inve~-tion is illustrated on t;he drawing, which is an ele-vation showing a generally circular cylindrical member which is intended to be inserted into a mating bore.
~ he ge~erally circular cylindrical body 1 consists, e.gO, of a ge-erally cyli~drical shaft of a tool or of a toolholder ai~d is intended to be inserted in a mating bore, which constitutes a recept-acle for such tool or toolholder, respectively. ~his insertion is to be effected without a need for exactly aligning the circular cylindrical member 1 with the mati~g bore~ For this purpose the circular cyli~drical member 1 has a leading end por-tion 2 formed with a segment 3 of a sphere havi~g a ce~ter 4 which lies OIl the axis 5 of the cyli~drical memberO The spherical segment 3 extends on both sides of its great circle plane 6, w~lich extends through the center 4 of the sphere and is at right angles to the axis 5 of the cylihdrical mem~erO As a resul~, when the leadirlg end portion 2 is being inserted into a mating bore the spherical segment 3 cooperates with said mating 0 bore to form a ball joi~t, which permits the cylindrical 12~16Zl member 1 to be angularly moved abou-t the ceinter L~ of the sphere without a seizillg of the member 1 so that the cylilldrical surface of -the circular cyli~drical member 1 is adapted ~o cooperate WitLl tne surface which define~ the -bore in such a manner that the member 1 will be angularly moved about the center 4 of the sphere until the axis of the member 1 is aligned with the axis of the mati~ 'bore~ ~o ensure that this self-centerin~ action will be performed by the mem-ber 1 without a self-locking action, a suitably de-signed transitional portion must be provided between the sperical segment 3 and the circular cylindrical portio.n 7. If that transitional portion consi,sts of a conical portion 8, all requirements will be met if the included angle of that portion 8 is less than 40 degrees. It has 'been found that a~l optimum included angle amounts to 20 degreesO
~ he axial extent of the sperical segment will determine the largest permissible angular mis-alignment between the axîs 5 of the cylindrical memberand ~he axis of the mati~g bore before the member 1 is inserted into the mating bore. For this reason the taper provided by the spherical segment 3 toward the adjacent end face of the member 1 may not 'ba sufficie~t to e~sure that the leading end portion 2 can be i.nserted into the mating 'bore regardless of any lateral offset which may occur between the axis of the circular cyli~drical member 1 and t'e axis of the mati~g boreO
This difficulty ca~ be avoided in that the spherical segment 3 has two bases and merges toward the leading --5~
~2~3L6Zl end face of the member 1 into a frustoconical portion 9, w~ich has pre~eraul~ an included angle of 9o degreesO
It ~ill readily be apparent that the applieation of the in~-erltion is not restricted to tools and toollholders. ~'he invention may be applied whereever a ge:~erally ci.rcular cylindrical body is -to be inserted in-to a mati~lg bore~ .for instance~ to guide pins~ pistons, bearings. I.rl all applications it is essential that the leading end portion o~ the gene-rally circular cylindrical member comprises a spherical segment which is equal in diameter to the circular cylindrical portion of the member so that said spherical segment ensures that the leading end portion of the cylindrical member will be angularly movable to all sides when it has been initially inserted into the mating boreO
insertio~. Whereas the insertion carl be facilitated by the provision of a conical chamber at the leading end, this design cannot prevent a canting and the resulting self-locki~g actionO
~hese difficulties will arise not only during the insertion of a circular cylindrical member havi~g a stepless transition to the leading end portion but also during~ the insertion of a member wnich has a leading end portion that is defined by an al~nular recess because in that case the leading end portion has also a circular cylindrical shape. Such annular recess does not only facilitate the insertion of the circular cylindrical member into a mating bore but permits the member to be held in the mating bore against axial movement by means of detent members extending into the annular recess. (Laid-open German Application 26 47 633)o .
12:~162~
~ ool-changing devices are required to ensure a repeated exchallge of tools so that the inser-tion of a circular cylindrical member into a mating bore is of special import~-lce in the use of such devices. ~his problem is aggrcavated by the fact that the usual tool-handling means provided for exchanging the tools cannot be employed because tlley cannot move the tool as accu-rately as is requiredO
It is an object of the invention so to design the leading end portion o:f a generally circular cylin-drical member that said member can be inser-ted into an exactly fitting, mating bore without a risk of a self-locking action due to canting when the axis of the cylindrical member has not been exactly aligned with the axis of the bore before the inser-tion of the member.
~ his object is accomplished in accordance with the invention in that the solid of revolution comprises a spherical segment which extends on both sides of its great circle plane that is at right a~gles to t.e axis of the cylindrical memberO
Because the leading end portion comprises a spherical segment which extends on both sides of a great circle plane that is at right allgles to the axis of the cylindrical member, a ball joint is provided, wni_h permits t~e ge~erally circular cylindrical member to be inserted into the mating bore wi-thout canting eve~ the axis of the cylindrical member ex-tends at an angle to t,-e axis of -the bore. It will be understood that the largest permissible a~gular misalignment between the axis of the cylindrical member and the axis of the bore will depend on th~ axial extent of --2~
~` ~21162~
said sphe~ical segment. When the leading and por-tion o~ the cylindrical member has been initiall~ inserted into the mating ~ore, the further ins~rtion of the cylindrical member into t;he cylindrical bore will result in a self-aligning actio~ bec~use the surface of the bore will gu~de the cylindrical portion at a distance from the spheric,al segmentO Experiments have shown that generally circular cylindrical members having such a leading end! portion can easily be inserted into a mating bore eve~ in case of a relatively large angular mis-alignment bet;ween the axis of the cylindri-cal portion and the axis of the bore, prov-ided that the cylindrical member wni~h is to be inserted is held with such a freedom of movement that it can align itself in the mating bore.
~ he transitional portion between the spherical segment and the circularly cylindrical portion o~ the member must be so designed that said transitional portion cannot be caught by the rim of the bore. For 20 tiliS reason a step transition should be avoided. In a design which is particularly desirable regarding manu-facture a~d operation, the transitional portion between the spherical segment and the circular cylindrical portion consists of a conical portion. It will be under-stood that the included angle of such conical portion must not be too large. In practice it has been found that all requirements will be met by a conical portion having an included a~igle of 10 to 40 degrees, pre~erably 20 degreesO
~o facili-tate the insertion of a spherical segme~t having a comparatively small axial extent into il Zl:162~
the mating bore, the spherical segment may merge toward the leading e.~d of the member into a frusto-conical portio~, which has preferably an included angle of 90 degrees. ~his feature results in an additional taper of the gei~erally circular cyli~drical member at its leadi~g e~ld so that larger lateral off-sets of the axis of the cylindrical member and the axis of the bores can be accommodated.
An illustrative embodiment of the inve~-tion is illustrated on t;he drawing, which is an ele-vation showing a generally circular cylindrical member which is intended to be inserted into a mating bore.
~ he ge~erally circular cylindrical body 1 consists, e.gO, of a ge-erally cyli~drical shaft of a tool or of a toolholder ai~d is intended to be inserted in a mating bore, which constitutes a recept-acle for such tool or toolholder, respectively. ~his insertion is to be effected without a need for exactly aligning the circular cylindrical member 1 with the mati~g bore~ For this purpose the circular cyli~drical member 1 has a leading end por-tion 2 formed with a segment 3 of a sphere havi~g a ce~ter 4 which lies OIl the axis 5 of the cyli~drical memberO The spherical segment 3 extends on both sides of its great circle plane 6, w~lich extends through the center 4 of the sphere and is at right angles to the axis 5 of the cylihdrical mem~erO As a resul~, when the leadirlg end portion 2 is being inserted into a mating bore the spherical segment 3 cooperates with said mating 0 bore to form a ball joi~t, which permits the cylindrical 12~16Zl member 1 to be angularly moved abou-t the ceinter L~ of the sphere without a seizillg of the member 1 so that the cylilldrical surface of -the circular cyli~drical member 1 is adapted ~o cooperate WitLl tne surface which define~ the -bore in such a manner that the member 1 will be angularly moved about the center 4 of the sphere until the axis of the member 1 is aligned with the axis of the mati~ 'bore~ ~o ensure that this self-centerin~ action will be performed by the mem-ber 1 without a self-locking action, a suitably de-signed transitional portion must be provided between the sperical segment 3 and the circular cylindrical portio.n 7. If that transitional portion consi,sts of a conical portion 8, all requirements will be met if the included angle of that portion 8 is less than 40 degrees. It has 'been found that a~l optimum included angle amounts to 20 degreesO
~ he axial extent of the sperical segment will determine the largest permissible angular mis-alignment between the axîs 5 of the cylindrical memberand ~he axis of the mati~g bore before the member 1 is inserted into the mating bore. For this reason the taper provided by the spherical segment 3 toward the adjacent end face of the member 1 may not 'ba sufficie~t to e~sure that the leading end portion 2 can be i.nserted into the mating 'bore regardless of any lateral offset which may occur between the axis of the circular cyli~drical member 1 and t'e axis of the mati~g boreO
This difficulty ca~ be avoided in that the spherical segment 3 has two bases and merges toward the leading --5~
~2~3L6Zl end face of the member 1 into a frustoconical portion 9, w~ich has pre~eraul~ an included angle of 9o degreesO
It ~ill readily be apparent that the applieation of the in~-erltion is not restricted to tools and toollholders. ~'he invention may be applied whereever a ge:~erally ci.rcular cylindrical body is -to be inserted in-to a mati~lg bore~ .for instance~ to guide pins~ pistons, bearings. I.rl all applications it is essential that the leading end portion o~ the gene-rally circular cylindrical member comprises a spherical segment which is equal in diameter to the circular cylindrical portion of the member so that said spherical segment ensures that the leading end portion of the cylindrical member will be angularly movable to all sides when it has been initially inserted into the mating boreO
Claims (12)
1. In a generally cylindrical member comprising a circular cylindrical portion, an end portion consisting of a solid of revolution centered on the axis of said circular cylindrical portion, and a transitional portion disposed between said circular cylindrical portion and said end portion and defining an annular recess with said solid of revolution, the improvement residing in that said solid of revolution comprises a segment of a sphere having a great circle plane that is at right angles to said axis and said segment extends on both sides of said great circle plane.
2. The improvement set forth in claim 1, wherein said transitional portion comprises a conical portion, which tapers from said circular cylindrical portion toward said end portion.
3. The improvement set forth in claim 2, wherein said conical portion has an included angle of 10 to 40 degrees.
4. The improvement set forth in claim 2, wherein said conical portion has an included angle of 20 degrees.
5. The improvement set forth in claim 1, wherein said solid of revolution comprises on that side of said segment of a sphere which is opposite to said transitional portion a frustoconical portion which tapers from and adjoins said segment of a sphere.
6. The improvement set forth in claim 5, wherein said frustoconical portion has an included angle of 90 degrees.
7. The improvement set forth in claim 1, wherein said segment of a sphere is equal in diameter to said circular cylindrical portion.
8. The improvement set forth in claim 1, wherein said transitional portion comprises a conical portion which adjoins said segment of a sphere and which tapers from said circular cylindrical portion toward said segment of a sphere.
9. The improvement set forth in claim 8, wherein said conical portion has an included angle of 10 to 40 degrees.
10. The improvement set forth in claim 8, wherein said conical portion has an included angle of 20 degrees.
11. An assembly comprising a receptacle having a circular cylindrical bore and a generally circular cylindrical member fitted in said bore, said generally circular cylindrical member comprising a circular cylindrical portion which extends in and fits said bore, an end portion which is disposed in said bore and consists of a solid of revolution centered on the axis of said circular cylindrical portion, and a transitional portion disposed between said circular cylindrical portion and said end portion and defining an annular recess with said solid of revolution, the improvement residing in that said solid of revolution comprises a segment of a sphere having a great circle plane that is at right angles to said axis and said segment extends on both sides of said great circle plane.
12. The improvement set forth in claim 11 as applied to an assembly in which one of the parts consisting of said receptacle and said generally circular cylindrical member constitutes a part of a toolholder.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA2942/82 | 1982-07-30 | ||
| AT294282A AT377937B (en) | 1982-07-30 | 1982-07-30 | CYCLINDRICAL BODY TO BE INSERTED IN A FITTING HOLE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A TOOL HOLDER |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1211621A true CA1211621A (en) | 1986-09-23 |
Family
ID=3542772
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000431741A Expired CA1211621A (en) | 1982-07-30 | 1983-07-04 | Generally circular cylindrical member which is adapted to be inserted into a mating bore |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0100767B1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JPS5942237A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT377937B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1211621A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3373176D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES282175Y (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4445014C2 (en) * | 1994-12-16 | 1999-07-15 | Thyssen Industrie | Scissors to separate scrap in particular |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE459444C (en) * | 1928-05-08 | Erich Sandner | Pendulum reamer | |
| GB191122498A (en) * | 1911-10-12 | 1912-10-14 | John William Barnes | Improvements in Drills or the like and Sockets therefor. |
| US2940765A (en) * | 1957-06-27 | 1960-06-14 | Entpr Machine And Dev Corp | Drill holder |
| GB1259751A (en) * | 1969-04-30 | 1972-01-12 | Olivetti & Co Spa | Machine tool with an automatic tool changing device |
| DE2647633C2 (en) * | 1976-10-21 | 1985-12-05 | Jack L. Phoenix Ariz Bayer | Tool holder |
-
1982
- 1982-07-30 AT AT294282A patent/AT377937B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-05-31 EP EP19830890091 patent/EP0100767B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-31 DE DE8383890091T patent/DE3373176D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-04 CA CA000431741A patent/CA1211621A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-07-27 JP JP13603683A patent/JPS5942237A/en active Pending
- 1983-07-29 ES ES1983282175U patent/ES282175Y/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-01-13 JP JP248784U patent/JPS59124034U/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3373176D1 (en) | 1987-10-01 |
| EP0100767B1 (en) | 1987-08-26 |
| ATA294282A (en) | 1984-10-15 |
| AT377937B (en) | 1985-05-28 |
| JPS59124034U (en) | 1984-08-21 |
| EP0100767A2 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| ES282175Y (en) | 1985-12-16 |
| JPS5942237A (en) | 1984-03-08 |
| EP0100767A3 (en) | 1985-07-03 |
| JPH018270Y2 (en) | 1989-03-06 |
| ES282175U (en) | 1985-05-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |