Papers by Rubén Esteban Pérez
Industria y Minería. ISSN: 1137-8042, 2024
La minería más extendida en España es aquella que tiene que ver con el material más básico genera... more La minería más extendida en España es aquella que tiene que ver con el material más básico generalmente
explotado para su aplicación en obras de construcción. Estas explotaciones suelen ser graveras o
canteras a cielo abierto y su número de explotaciones triplica las de la minería metálica, rocas ornamentales
y minerales industriales juntos.
La mayoría de dichas explotaciones son de pequeño tamaño pero se localizan en el medio rural y, a veces,
en áreas con valor medioambiental en cualquiera de sus aspectos.
La crisis económica que sufrió España entre 2008 y 2014 conllevó el cierre de muchas de estas pequeñas
graveras y canteras y en muchos casos su abandono por parte de sus administradores y propietarios
que obviaron la obligación de restauración obligatoria por la normativa vigente.
Este trabajo pretende comentar a grandes rasgos este hecho que fue común a todo el territorio español,
el plan de recuperación de espacios afectados por actividades mineras abandonados que se llevó a cabo
por el Gobierno de La Rioja entre 2019 y 2023 y la componente de percepción social que tanto el abandono
y falta de restauración como la recuperación por parte de la Administración de estos espacios hace
que la minería futura en áreas muchas veces azotadas por la despoblación, pueda desarrollarse o se encuentre
con el rechazo frontal de la población.
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EFGeoBlog, 2023
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Diario digital NueveCuatroUNo, 2023
Cartas al Director.
Hacen falta otras iniciativas que fomenten la repoblación de los municipios ... more Cartas al Director.
Hacen falta otras iniciativas que fomenten la repoblación de los municipios y que mejoren la capacidad de gestión y presupuestaria de los ayuntamientos que cuentan con presupuestos paupérrimos a la vez que sean verdaderos instrumentos de custodia del territorio y de lucha contra la despoblación.
Una de estas iniciativas es el Pago por Servicios Ambientales también denominado PSA. Este es un nuevo enfoque en España, bastante utilizado en otras latitudes, que se basa en la idea de que los beneficiarios externos de los servicios ambientales (aire, agua, biodiversidad, polinizadores,…), paguen a los propietarios de los ecosistemas rurales por adoptar prácticas que aseguren su conservación.
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Diario La Rioja, 2023
Artículo de opinión. La óptima gestión de nuestros recursos hídricos es un reto crucial que marca... more Artículo de opinión. La óptima gestión de nuestros recursos hídricos es un reto crucial que marcará el porvenir de La Rioja.
Publicado en el diario el 08/10/2023. Pagª 23 - Opinión.
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Tierra y Tecnología, 2023
Artículo en la revista Tierra y Tecnología editada por el Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos don... more Artículo en la revista Tierra y Tecnología editada por el Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos donde trato de contar cual ha sido mi trayectoria política como geólogo durante la legislatura donde he tenido el cargo de Director General de Calidad Ambiental y Recursos Hídricos en el Gobierno de La Rioja.
https://www.icog.es/TyT/index.php/2023/08/un-geologo-en-la-politica/
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Geo-Temas , 2022
This paper details the methodology and results of the inventory of Geological Sites of Interest
... more This paper details the methodology and results of the inventory of Geological Sites of Interest
(geosites) of La Rioja. To carry out this inventory, regional geological frameworks were established for
each of the geological regions present in La Rioja (Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Ebro Basin, and Iberian
Range). The new inventory consists of 65 geosites, which represents a higher density than other Spanish
territories. Because it integrates 18 geosites belonging to the geological framework of international
relevance “Fossils and ichnofossils from the continental Mesozoic of the Iberian Peninsula” (Global
Geosites project for Spain), the inventory has a thematic bias towards Palaeontology and a greater
accumulation of geosites in the Cameros Basin (Aragonese Branch, Iberian Range). Fifty two % of the
geosites of the new inventory are located in a protected natural area and all the dinosaur footprint
geosites have been declared Sites of Cultural Interest in 2000.
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Tierra y Tecnología, 2019
El siglo XXI exige de la Ciencia un cambio en las políticas y en las fuentes de energía necesario... more El siglo XXI exige de la Ciencia un cambio en las políticas y en las fuentes de energía necesario para afrontar un futuro de cambio climático que debe revertirse. Del mismo modo, es urgente afrontar este reto ya que nuestro planeta cada vez tiene una mayor presión sobre los recursos naturales debido a un aumento de la población de hasta 9000 millones de habitantes en 2045.
Por ello, de todas las formas posibles de energía de sustitución del petróleo y gas, es la geotérmica la más relacionada con la geología.
La energía geotérmica como fuente de energía limpia, renovable y prácticamente inagotable, está directamente relacionada con áreas geográficas que generan flujos de calor y gradientes de temperatura que pueden variar de una zona a otra debido a la sismicidad, el vulcanismo o la estructura geológica de las rocas a cierta profundidad.
Este documento resume la situación actual de las políticas sobre el uso de la energía geotérmica de baja temperatura en Europa para generar agua caliente y climatización. También se tiene en cuenta la situación actual de la legislación de los principales países europeos y la promoción de la energía geotérmica en la UE28.
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Zubia, 2014
espanolEste articulo recoge el trabajo llevado a cabo para el estudio, valoracion y limpieza de l... more espanolEste articulo recoge el trabajo llevado a cabo para el estudio, valoracion y limpieza de las comunidades algales aloctonas subterraneas que estaban deteriorando los espeleotemas de las cuevas visitables de La Paz y La Vina en Ortigosa de Cameros (La Rioja) y que crecian a favor de los focos de luz artificial instalados para las visitas turisticas. Partiendo de la revision bibliografica, se valoro la posibilidad de utilizar dos tipos generales de tratamiento con la finalidad de remover la flora subterranea. Por un lado la utilizacion de metodos mecanicos tales como cepillado, lijado o desbastado y por otro lado, el uso de metodos quimicos, como pueden ser los hipocloritos, peroxidos o biocidas. Tras los estudios de laboratorio pertinentes se eligio el metodo de peroxido de hidrogeno diluido como el menos perjudicial para los espeleotemas y la fauna cavernicola. Se realizaron ensayos in situ y tras observar los resultados, se procedio a aplicar, con la metodologia ensayada, este producto a todas las areas de las cavidades afectadas por el denominado “mal verde” o “lampenflora”. Los resultados fueron totalmente satisfactorios, removiendo la totalidad de la flora aloctona subterranea de los espeleotemas, no produciendo afeccion alguna sobre la fauna que habita estas cuevas visitables y sin dejar ningun rastro perceptible por el visitante. La conclusion es que con un metodo muy economico y amigable para el medio ambiente subterraneo, se puede eliminar el tapiz algal que, a favor de los focos de luz artificial, cubre los espeleotemas de muchas cuevas adaptadas para la visita turistica. EnglishThis article reflects what has been done for the study, assessment and cleanup of exogenous algal communities that were deteriorating speleothems in the touristic caves of La Paz and La Vina in Ortigosa de Cameros (La Rioja) and growing in favour of artificial light sources installed for sightseeing. Based on the bibliography review, the possibility of using two general types of treatment in order to remove the underground plant was assessed. On the one hand the use of mechanical methods such as brushing, sanding or grinding or the other, the use of chemical methods, such as hypochlorites, peroxides or biocides. After relevant laboratory studies, the method of dilute hydrogen peroxide as the least harmful to the speleothems and caves fauna was chosen. In situ tests were performed and after observing the results, proceeded to apply the methodology tested with this product to all areas affected by the "lampenflora". The results were entirely satisfactory, removing all non-native flora of the underground speleothems, not producing any damage on the wildlife that inhabits these caves and without leaving any noticeable track for the visitor. The conclusion is that with an economical and friendly method to the subterranean environment, can remove the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits owing to the artificial light sources.
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Of all possible forms of energy substitution of oil and gas, geothermal energy is the one most cl... more Of all possible forms of energy substitution of oil and gas, geothermal energy is the one most closely related to geology. Shallow geothermal energy is a source of clean, renewable and virtually inexhaustible energy that is directly related to geographical areas, where heat fluxes and temperature gradients can vary due to several factors. This document summarises the current situation of the policies on the use of shallow (low temperature) geothermal energy in Europe to generate hot water and air conditioning. The current status of legislation in some European countries and the promotion of shallow geothermal energy in the EU28 are also discussed.
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European Geologist Journal n 47, 2019
Of all possible forms of energy substitution of oil and gas, geothermal energy is the one most cl... more Of all possible forms of energy substitution of oil and gas, geothermal energy is the one most closely related to geology. Shallow geothermal energy is a source of clean, renewable and virtually inexhaustible energy that is directly related to geographical areas, where heat fluxes and temperature gradients can vary due to several factors. This document summarises the current situation of the policies on the use of shallow (low temperature) geothermal energy in Europe to generate hot water and air conditioning. The current status of legislation in some European countries and the promotion of shallow geothermal energy in the EU28 are also discussed.
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Tourits caves of Ortigosa de Cameros (Cave of La Viña and Cave of La Paz), are one of the best ex... more Tourits caves of Ortigosa de Cameros (Cave of La Viña and Cave of La Paz), are one of the best examples of the geological heritage in La Rioja (Spain). Their care and preservation should be a priority for the authorities with competence in these caves. In the years 1998-1999, the Council of Ortigosa de Cameros and the European Leader II Programme, financed the geological and environmental project of these caves to highlight the problems that the massive number of visitors generated in the speleothems and that were evident to the public. The problems of dryness and discoloration and those generated by algae or bacteria communities were found to be more harmful to the conservation of the calcareous structures that have formed in the caves. Also included in the text are several methods to remediate these problems and a series of assessments of the result of the implementation of such steps in the eleven years that have elapsed from the realization of the project.
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This article reflects what has been done for the study, assessment and cleanup of exogenous algal... more This article reflects what has been done for the study, assessment and cleanup of exogenous algal communities that were deteriorating speleothems in the touristic caves of La Paz and La Viña in Ortigosa de Cameros (La Rioja) and growing in favour of artificial light sources installed for sightseeing.
Based on the bibliography review, the possibility of using two general types of treatment in order to remove the underground plant was assessed. On the one hand the use of mechanical methods such as brushing, sanding or grinding or the other, the use of chemical methods, such as hypochlorites, peroxides or biocides.
After relevant laboratory studies, the method of dilute hydrogen peroxide as the least harmful to the speleothems and caves fauna was chosen.
In situ tests were performed and after observing the results, proceeded to apply the methodology tested with this product to all areas affected by the "lampenflora".
The results were entirely satisfactory, removing all non-native flora of the underground speleothems, not producing any damage on the wildlife that inhabits these caves and without leaving any noticeable track for the visitor.
The conclusion is that with an economical and friendly method to the subterranean environment, can remove the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits owing to the artificial light sources.
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Caves, mainly those located on calcareous rocks are one of the best examples of geological herita... more Caves, mainly those located on calcareous rocks are one of the best examples of geological heritage around the world. Their care and preservation should be a priority for the authorities dealing with the environment and culture. In addition to the dryness and discoloration wrought about by algae and bacteria in the speleothems, huge amounts of visitor traffic to the caves pose an additional burden, which is harmful to the conservation of the calcareous structures present inside the caves.
This article is a compendium of the results and the on-going studies under the Rehabilitation Project of Ortigosa de Cameros system caves. This project deals with the assessment and clean-up of exogenous algal communities that have deteriorated the speleothems in the tourist caves located in the municipality of Ortigosa de Cameros [Spain].In order to choose an appropriate cleaning agent for the speleothems, a bibliographic review was conducted. Several methods of remedying including the use of mechanical as well as chemical methods have been discussed.
After selecting the agent of choice for the clean-up of the speleothems, laboratory and in situ tests were performed using the same. Based on the results of these initial studies, the same methodology was applied to all areas affected by the "lampenflora". Care was taken that the selected methodology did not cause any damage to the fauna that inhabits these caves and nor did it leave a perceptible trace. An economical and environmental friendly method is still required to eliminate the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits, in order to preserve our subterranean geological heritage throughout the world.
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Es necesario fomentar y dar visibilidad a los estudios geológicos. De este modo, se puede garanti... more Es necesario fomentar y dar visibilidad a los estudios geológicos. De este modo, se puede garantizar el estado del bienestar convenciendo a la sociedad de que las infraestructuras son seguras y así no se genere rechazo. Generalmente, la población desconoce que en la construcción y mantenimiento de las grandes infraestructuras se desarrollan exhaustivos trabajos de investigación que siguen elevados estándares de seguridad.
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European Geologist Journal, 2010
Situation about competences of Spanish geologists in front of the Mining Law.
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For the last decade, mining has been experiencing
the effects of a major change
relating to the m... more For the last decade, mining has been experiencing
the effects of a major change
relating to the mining business itself and
the conditions of the professionals involved
in exploration and exploitation of geological
deposits. The lack of a European mining
policy and development constraints (including
NIMBY) on the European continent have
led to heavy reliance on third countries for
supply of the metal ores needed for European
manufacturing. The EU has defined
a policy to explain to the European countries
that mineral resources must be properly
studied and exploited in an economically
viable way. Therefore, the EU is developing
an international cooperation plan with a
geological basis to reduce dependence on
imports from countries outside Europe.
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Talks by Rubén Esteban Pérez
European Geologist, 2017
“European Geologist of the month” is a section of EFG’s monthly newsletter GeoNews. Each month we... more “European Geologist of the month” is a section of EFG’s monthly newsletter GeoNews. Each month we ask one of the European Geologist title holders to tell us about his professional experiences and which role the title has played for his career. This month we have talked to Rubén Esteban Pérez, member of the Spanish Association of Professional Geologists (ICOG).
Rubén was born in Logroño (Spain) in 1970. He studied his degree at the University of Zaragoza and later at the University of Oviedo, where he specialized in geological materials. Expert in the field of Geological Engineering Consultancy applied in mining for 15 years, he has extensive experience in research and development of mineral products for the construction, mining code reports and management of mining and quarrying projects.
He has worked in several international mining and cement companies and in the Spanish Public Administration as a researcher in geosciences specialized in geological heritage.
He is a member of the Spanish Association of Professional Geologists (ICOG) since 1996, EurGeol at the European Federation of Geologists (EFG) since 2005 and a member of its Panel of Experts “Minerals” on Mineral Resources and Reserves. Finally, he is also a member of the Expert Group of Classification of Resources and Mineral Reserves at the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and a member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on R&D (Horizon 2020).
https://eurogeologists.eu/european-geologist-month-ruben-esteban-perez/
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Nota de Prensa, 2022
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Papers by Rubén Esteban Pérez
explotado para su aplicación en obras de construcción. Estas explotaciones suelen ser graveras o
canteras a cielo abierto y su número de explotaciones triplica las de la minería metálica, rocas ornamentales
y minerales industriales juntos.
La mayoría de dichas explotaciones son de pequeño tamaño pero se localizan en el medio rural y, a veces,
en áreas con valor medioambiental en cualquiera de sus aspectos.
La crisis económica que sufrió España entre 2008 y 2014 conllevó el cierre de muchas de estas pequeñas
graveras y canteras y en muchos casos su abandono por parte de sus administradores y propietarios
que obviaron la obligación de restauración obligatoria por la normativa vigente.
Este trabajo pretende comentar a grandes rasgos este hecho que fue común a todo el territorio español,
el plan de recuperación de espacios afectados por actividades mineras abandonados que se llevó a cabo
por el Gobierno de La Rioja entre 2019 y 2023 y la componente de percepción social que tanto el abandono
y falta de restauración como la recuperación por parte de la Administración de estos espacios hace
que la minería futura en áreas muchas veces azotadas por la despoblación, pueda desarrollarse o se encuentre
con el rechazo frontal de la población.
This is a situation that we must not squander, as it provides us with the ideal framework within which to address several aspects that have long been missing from existing regulations while promoting the free movement of geology professionals.
https://eurogeologists.eu/the-future-critical-raw-materials-act-and-the-european-geologist-title-an-opportunity-to-elevate-the-geological-profession-to-its-rightful-place-in-europe/
Hacen falta otras iniciativas que fomenten la repoblación de los municipios y que mejoren la capacidad de gestión y presupuestaria de los ayuntamientos que cuentan con presupuestos paupérrimos a la vez que sean verdaderos instrumentos de custodia del territorio y de lucha contra la despoblación.
Una de estas iniciativas es el Pago por Servicios Ambientales también denominado PSA. Este es un nuevo enfoque en España, bastante utilizado en otras latitudes, que se basa en la idea de que los beneficiarios externos de los servicios ambientales (aire, agua, biodiversidad, polinizadores,…), paguen a los propietarios de los ecosistemas rurales por adoptar prácticas que aseguren su conservación.
Publicado en el diario el 08/10/2023. Pagª 23 - Opinión.
https://www.icog.es/TyT/index.php/2023/08/un-geologo-en-la-politica/
(geosites) of La Rioja. To carry out this inventory, regional geological frameworks were established for
each of the geological regions present in La Rioja (Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Ebro Basin, and Iberian
Range). The new inventory consists of 65 geosites, which represents a higher density than other Spanish
territories. Because it integrates 18 geosites belonging to the geological framework of international
relevance “Fossils and ichnofossils from the continental Mesozoic of the Iberian Peninsula” (Global
Geosites project for Spain), the inventory has a thematic bias towards Palaeontology and a greater
accumulation of geosites in the Cameros Basin (Aragonese Branch, Iberian Range). Fifty two % of the
geosites of the new inventory are located in a protected natural area and all the dinosaur footprint
geosites have been declared Sites of Cultural Interest in 2000.
Por ello, de todas las formas posibles de energía de sustitución del petróleo y gas, es la geotérmica la más relacionada con la geología.
La energía geotérmica como fuente de energía limpia, renovable y prácticamente inagotable, está directamente relacionada con áreas geográficas que generan flujos de calor y gradientes de temperatura que pueden variar de una zona a otra debido a la sismicidad, el vulcanismo o la estructura geológica de las rocas a cierta profundidad.
Este documento resume la situación actual de las políticas sobre el uso de la energía geotérmica de baja temperatura en Europa para generar agua caliente y climatización. También se tiene en cuenta la situación actual de la legislación de los principales países europeos y la promoción de la energía geotérmica en la UE28.
Based on the bibliography review, the possibility of using two general types of treatment in order to remove the underground plant was assessed. On the one hand the use of mechanical methods such as brushing, sanding or grinding or the other, the use of chemical methods, such as hypochlorites, peroxides or biocides.
After relevant laboratory studies, the method of dilute hydrogen peroxide as the least harmful to the speleothems and caves fauna was chosen.
In situ tests were performed and after observing the results, proceeded to apply the methodology tested with this product to all areas affected by the "lampenflora".
The results were entirely satisfactory, removing all non-native flora of the underground speleothems, not producing any damage on the wildlife that inhabits these caves and without leaving any noticeable track for the visitor.
The conclusion is that with an economical and friendly method to the subterranean environment, can remove the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits owing to the artificial light sources.
This article is a compendium of the results and the on-going studies under the Rehabilitation Project of Ortigosa de Cameros system caves. This project deals with the assessment and clean-up of exogenous algal communities that have deteriorated the speleothems in the tourist caves located in the municipality of Ortigosa de Cameros [Spain].In order to choose an appropriate cleaning agent for the speleothems, a bibliographic review was conducted. Several methods of remedying including the use of mechanical as well as chemical methods have been discussed.
After selecting the agent of choice for the clean-up of the speleothems, laboratory and in situ tests were performed using the same. Based on the results of these initial studies, the same methodology was applied to all areas affected by the "lampenflora". Care was taken that the selected methodology did not cause any damage to the fauna that inhabits these caves and nor did it leave a perceptible trace. An economical and environmental friendly method is still required to eliminate the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits, in order to preserve our subterranean geological heritage throughout the world.
the effects of a major change
relating to the mining business itself and
the conditions of the professionals involved
in exploration and exploitation of geological
deposits. The lack of a European mining
policy and development constraints (including
NIMBY) on the European continent have
led to heavy reliance on third countries for
supply of the metal ores needed for European
manufacturing. The EU has defined
a policy to explain to the European countries
that mineral resources must be properly
studied and exploited in an economically
viable way. Therefore, the EU is developing
an international cooperation plan with a
geological basis to reduce dependence on
imports from countries outside Europe.
Talks by Rubén Esteban Pérez
Rubén was born in Logroño (Spain) in 1970. He studied his degree at the University of Zaragoza and later at the University of Oviedo, where he specialized in geological materials. Expert in the field of Geological Engineering Consultancy applied in mining for 15 years, he has extensive experience in research and development of mineral products for the construction, mining code reports and management of mining and quarrying projects.
He has worked in several international mining and cement companies and in the Spanish Public Administration as a researcher in geosciences specialized in geological heritage.
He is a member of the Spanish Association of Professional Geologists (ICOG) since 1996, EurGeol at the European Federation of Geologists (EFG) since 2005 and a member of its Panel of Experts “Minerals” on Mineral Resources and Reserves. Finally, he is also a member of the Expert Group of Classification of Resources and Mineral Reserves at the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and a member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on R&D (Horizon 2020).
https://eurogeologists.eu/european-geologist-month-ruben-esteban-perez/
El geólogo riojano y director general de Calidad Ambiental y Recursos Hídricos del Gobierno de La Rioja, Rubén Esteban, recibirá este viernes la distinción de colegiado de honor del Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos de España.
Leer más: https://www.europapress.es/la-rioja/noticia-ruben-esteban-recibira-distincion-honor-ilustre-colegio-oficial-geologos-espana-20221216093854.html
explotado para su aplicación en obras de construcción. Estas explotaciones suelen ser graveras o
canteras a cielo abierto y su número de explotaciones triplica las de la minería metálica, rocas ornamentales
y minerales industriales juntos.
La mayoría de dichas explotaciones son de pequeño tamaño pero se localizan en el medio rural y, a veces,
en áreas con valor medioambiental en cualquiera de sus aspectos.
La crisis económica que sufrió España entre 2008 y 2014 conllevó el cierre de muchas de estas pequeñas
graveras y canteras y en muchos casos su abandono por parte de sus administradores y propietarios
que obviaron la obligación de restauración obligatoria por la normativa vigente.
Este trabajo pretende comentar a grandes rasgos este hecho que fue común a todo el territorio español,
el plan de recuperación de espacios afectados por actividades mineras abandonados que se llevó a cabo
por el Gobierno de La Rioja entre 2019 y 2023 y la componente de percepción social que tanto el abandono
y falta de restauración como la recuperación por parte de la Administración de estos espacios hace
que la minería futura en áreas muchas veces azotadas por la despoblación, pueda desarrollarse o se encuentre
con el rechazo frontal de la población.
This is a situation that we must not squander, as it provides us with the ideal framework within which to address several aspects that have long been missing from existing regulations while promoting the free movement of geology professionals.
https://eurogeologists.eu/the-future-critical-raw-materials-act-and-the-european-geologist-title-an-opportunity-to-elevate-the-geological-profession-to-its-rightful-place-in-europe/
Hacen falta otras iniciativas que fomenten la repoblación de los municipios y que mejoren la capacidad de gestión y presupuestaria de los ayuntamientos que cuentan con presupuestos paupérrimos a la vez que sean verdaderos instrumentos de custodia del territorio y de lucha contra la despoblación.
Una de estas iniciativas es el Pago por Servicios Ambientales también denominado PSA. Este es un nuevo enfoque en España, bastante utilizado en otras latitudes, que se basa en la idea de que los beneficiarios externos de los servicios ambientales (aire, agua, biodiversidad, polinizadores,…), paguen a los propietarios de los ecosistemas rurales por adoptar prácticas que aseguren su conservación.
Publicado en el diario el 08/10/2023. Pagª 23 - Opinión.
https://www.icog.es/TyT/index.php/2023/08/un-geologo-en-la-politica/
(geosites) of La Rioja. To carry out this inventory, regional geological frameworks were established for
each of the geological regions present in La Rioja (Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Ebro Basin, and Iberian
Range). The new inventory consists of 65 geosites, which represents a higher density than other Spanish
territories. Because it integrates 18 geosites belonging to the geological framework of international
relevance “Fossils and ichnofossils from the continental Mesozoic of the Iberian Peninsula” (Global
Geosites project for Spain), the inventory has a thematic bias towards Palaeontology and a greater
accumulation of geosites in the Cameros Basin (Aragonese Branch, Iberian Range). Fifty two % of the
geosites of the new inventory are located in a protected natural area and all the dinosaur footprint
geosites have been declared Sites of Cultural Interest in 2000.
Por ello, de todas las formas posibles de energía de sustitución del petróleo y gas, es la geotérmica la más relacionada con la geología.
La energía geotérmica como fuente de energía limpia, renovable y prácticamente inagotable, está directamente relacionada con áreas geográficas que generan flujos de calor y gradientes de temperatura que pueden variar de una zona a otra debido a la sismicidad, el vulcanismo o la estructura geológica de las rocas a cierta profundidad.
Este documento resume la situación actual de las políticas sobre el uso de la energía geotérmica de baja temperatura en Europa para generar agua caliente y climatización. También se tiene en cuenta la situación actual de la legislación de los principales países europeos y la promoción de la energía geotérmica en la UE28.
Based on the bibliography review, the possibility of using two general types of treatment in order to remove the underground plant was assessed. On the one hand the use of mechanical methods such as brushing, sanding or grinding or the other, the use of chemical methods, such as hypochlorites, peroxides or biocides.
After relevant laboratory studies, the method of dilute hydrogen peroxide as the least harmful to the speleothems and caves fauna was chosen.
In situ tests were performed and after observing the results, proceeded to apply the methodology tested with this product to all areas affected by the "lampenflora".
The results were entirely satisfactory, removing all non-native flora of the underground speleothems, not producing any damage on the wildlife that inhabits these caves and without leaving any noticeable track for the visitor.
The conclusion is that with an economical and friendly method to the subterranean environment, can remove the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits owing to the artificial light sources.
This article is a compendium of the results and the on-going studies under the Rehabilitation Project of Ortigosa de Cameros system caves. This project deals with the assessment and clean-up of exogenous algal communities that have deteriorated the speleothems in the tourist caves located in the municipality of Ortigosa de Cameros [Spain].In order to choose an appropriate cleaning agent for the speleothems, a bibliographic review was conducted. Several methods of remedying including the use of mechanical as well as chemical methods have been discussed.
After selecting the agent of choice for the clean-up of the speleothems, laboratory and in situ tests were performed using the same. Based on the results of these initial studies, the same methodology was applied to all areas affected by the "lampenflora". Care was taken that the selected methodology did not cause any damage to the fauna that inhabits these caves and nor did it leave a perceptible trace. An economical and environmental friendly method is still required to eliminate the algal mat that covers the speleothems of many caves adapted for tourist visits, in order to preserve our subterranean geological heritage throughout the world.
the effects of a major change
relating to the mining business itself and
the conditions of the professionals involved
in exploration and exploitation of geological
deposits. The lack of a European mining
policy and development constraints (including
NIMBY) on the European continent have
led to heavy reliance on third countries for
supply of the metal ores needed for European
manufacturing. The EU has defined
a policy to explain to the European countries
that mineral resources must be properly
studied and exploited in an economically
viable way. Therefore, the EU is developing
an international cooperation plan with a
geological basis to reduce dependence on
imports from countries outside Europe.
Rubén was born in Logroño (Spain) in 1970. He studied his degree at the University of Zaragoza and later at the University of Oviedo, where he specialized in geological materials. Expert in the field of Geological Engineering Consultancy applied in mining for 15 years, he has extensive experience in research and development of mineral products for the construction, mining code reports and management of mining and quarrying projects.
He has worked in several international mining and cement companies and in the Spanish Public Administration as a researcher in geosciences specialized in geological heritage.
He is a member of the Spanish Association of Professional Geologists (ICOG) since 1996, EurGeol at the European Federation of Geologists (EFG) since 2005 and a member of its Panel of Experts “Minerals” on Mineral Resources and Reserves. Finally, he is also a member of the Expert Group of Classification of Resources and Mineral Reserves at the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and a member of the European Commission’s Expert Group on R&D (Horizon 2020).
https://eurogeologists.eu/european-geologist-month-ruben-esteban-perez/
El geólogo riojano y director general de Calidad Ambiental y Recursos Hídricos del Gobierno de La Rioja, Rubén Esteban, recibirá este viernes la distinción de colegiado de honor del Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos de España.
Leer más: https://www.europapress.es/la-rioja/noticia-ruben-esteban-recibira-distincion-honor-ilustre-colegio-oficial-geologos-espana-20221216093854.html
de Minas con Directores Generales de Industria, Energía y Minas, con la participación de trece Comunidades Autonómicas y la Subdirección de Minas del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y Reto Demográfico. También se ha contado con la participación de la Directora del IGME.
Mi intervención, pag 20-21