Books by Nuno Miguel Alves
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No decurso dos três últimos séculos muito mudou na relação entre Estado e economia. Podemos resum... more No decurso dos três últimos séculos muito mudou na relação entre Estado e economia. Podemos resumidamente demarcar três fases: a primeira dura até à I Guerra Mundial, é marcada pela separação entre Estado e economia, pela autorregulação do mercado (a mão invisível de Adam Smith) e pela redução do Estado ao papel de guarda-noturno. A segunda fase desenvolve-se entre o final da I Guerra Mundial e os anos 80 do século XX. Trata-se de um período caracterizado pela intervenção económica do Estado e pelo desenvolvimento do Estado-Providência. A terceira fase desenrola-se dos anos 80 do século XX aos nossos dias e caracteriza-se por uma redução significativa do papel do Estado na economia e na sociedade. O Estado limita-se a ser regulador da economia. Mas essa desintervenção não significou o retorno ao laissez-faire típico do liberalismo, antes o reforço da sua função reguladora. A ideia é regular o mercado, não diretamente pelo Estado, mas através de agências independentes do poder político (ARI´s), com o objetivo de debelar as denominadas falhas do mercado e garantir as regras da sã concorrência. As ARI`s tornaram-se traço característico da paisagem institucional da regulação pública. Determinar o sentido e o alcance da independência destas autoridades independentes é uma questão com toda a relevância, pelo que cumpre analisá-la com pormenor.
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Over the last three hundread years, a lot has changed in the relationship between the Sate and the economy. We can shortly set three phases in this process. The first one is that of the liberal State. The second one is that of the welfare State and the third one is that of the regulator State. The first phase lasts until the First World War. There is in this instance a clear separation between the State and the economy. Also, the economy regulates itself (Adam Smith’s “invisible hand”) and the State’s role is downgraded to that of a nigh watch. The second phase lasts from the end of the First World War right up to the 1980’s of the twentieth century. The State holds a strong role in the economy and the Welfare State develops to its full form. The third phase goes from the 1980’s of the twentieth century to the present time an with its weight considerably reduced, the State now holds the role of a regulator of the private economy. Nevertheless, this new role as a regulator of the private economy is far from meaning a return to a “laissez faire” age, meaning instead that the regulatory capacity of the State is reinforced. The idea now, is to regulate the market, not in a direct way, but through independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) with the purpose of correcting market failures and guarantee competition in the economy. IRAS have become thus a characteristic trait of the institutional landscape of the economy’s public regulation. To determine the meaning and range of the IRAs’ independence is not merely a political and administrative issue, but also a legal one, for which it’s worthy a dedicated analysis
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Drafts by Nuno Miguel Alves
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O artigo estrutura-se em torno de quatro momentos. No primeiro classifica-se o direito como facto... more O artigo estrutura-se em torno de quatro momentos. No primeiro classifica-se o direito como facto social e estabelece-se a necessária ligação entre direito e sociedade. No segundo define-se o objeto e estabelece-se o propósito da sociologia do direito. No terceiro e no quarto momento recorta-se a sua evolução histórica no plano internacional e nacional. No quinto momento, atualiza-se um estudo empírico sobre a tematização do direito em três das principais revistas de ciências sociais portuguesas.
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A reconfiguração do mercado de trabalho e de emprego que se observa há mais de duas décadas tem s... more A reconfiguração do mercado de trabalho e de emprego que se observa há mais de duas décadas tem sido campo fértil para controvérsias sociais, políticas e académicas, às quais não é obviamente alheia a Sociologia do Trabalho e do Emprego. Um dos argumentos de discussão, de cariz marcadamente (neo)liberal, refere-se à rigidez do mercado de trabalho (e de emprego), classificando-o como principal fator bloqueador da competitividade da economia e do aumento do emprego, pelo que é colocada a tónica na desregulação das relações de trabalho e de emprego, bem assim como na flexibilização dos seus eixos tradicionais. A problemática deste ensaio consiste em conceptualizar a noção de flexibilidade competitiva, estabelecendo a sua conexão com o conceito de precariedade laboral, no contexto do desenvolvimento atual do regime capitalista, também chamado “capitalismo flexível”.
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Papers by Nuno Miguel Alves
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Books by Nuno Miguel Alves
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Over the last three hundread years, a lot has changed in the relationship between the Sate and the economy. We can shortly set three phases in this process. The first one is that of the liberal State. The second one is that of the welfare State and the third one is that of the regulator State. The first phase lasts until the First World War. There is in this instance a clear separation between the State and the economy. Also, the economy regulates itself (Adam Smith’s “invisible hand”) and the State’s role is downgraded to that of a nigh watch. The second phase lasts from the end of the First World War right up to the 1980’s of the twentieth century. The State holds a strong role in the economy and the Welfare State develops to its full form. The third phase goes from the 1980’s of the twentieth century to the present time an with its weight considerably reduced, the State now holds the role of a regulator of the private economy. Nevertheless, this new role as a regulator of the private economy is far from meaning a return to a “laissez faire” age, meaning instead that the regulatory capacity of the State is reinforced. The idea now, is to regulate the market, not in a direct way, but through independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) with the purpose of correcting market failures and guarantee competition in the economy. IRAS have become thus a characteristic trait of the institutional landscape of the economy’s public regulation. To determine the meaning and range of the IRAs’ independence is not merely a political and administrative issue, but also a legal one, for which it’s worthy a dedicated analysis
Drafts by Nuno Miguel Alves
Papers by Nuno Miguel Alves
................................................................................................................
Over the last three hundread years, a lot has changed in the relationship between the Sate and the economy. We can shortly set three phases in this process. The first one is that of the liberal State. The second one is that of the welfare State and the third one is that of the regulator State. The first phase lasts until the First World War. There is in this instance a clear separation between the State and the economy. Also, the economy regulates itself (Adam Smith’s “invisible hand”) and the State’s role is downgraded to that of a nigh watch. The second phase lasts from the end of the First World War right up to the 1980’s of the twentieth century. The State holds a strong role in the economy and the Welfare State develops to its full form. The third phase goes from the 1980’s of the twentieth century to the present time an with its weight considerably reduced, the State now holds the role of a regulator of the private economy. Nevertheless, this new role as a regulator of the private economy is far from meaning a return to a “laissez faire” age, meaning instead that the regulatory capacity of the State is reinforced. The idea now, is to regulate the market, not in a direct way, but through independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) with the purpose of correcting market failures and guarantee competition in the economy. IRAS have become thus a characteristic trait of the institutional landscape of the economy’s public regulation. To determine the meaning and range of the IRAs’ independence is not merely a political and administrative issue, but also a legal one, for which it’s worthy a dedicated analysis