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Testing the Relationships between Energy Consumption, CO2 emissions and Economic Growth in 24 African Countries: a Panel ARDL Approach

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  • Asongu, Simplice
  • El Montasser, Ghassen
  • Toumi, Hassen
Abstract
This study complements existing literature by examining the nexus between energy consumption (EC), CO2 emissions (CE) and economic growth (GDP) in 24 African countries using a panel ARDL approach. The following findings are established. First, there is a long run relationship between EC, CE and GDP. Second, a long term effect from CE to GDP and EC is apparent, with reciprocal paths. Third, the error correction mechanisms are consistently stable. However, in cases of disequilibrium only EC can be significantly adjusted to its long run relationship. Fourth, there is a long-run causality running from GDP and CE to EC. Fifth, we find causality running from either CE or both CE and EC to GDP and inverse causal paths are observable. Causality from EC to GDP is not strong, which supports the conservative hypothesis. Sixth, the causal direction from EC to GDP remains unobservable in the short term. By contrast, the opposite path is observable. There are also no short-run causalities from GDP, or EC, or EC and GDP to EC. Policy implications are discussed.

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  • Asongu, Simplice & El Montasser, Ghassen & Toumi, Hassen, 2015. "Testing the Relationships between Energy Consumption, CO2 emissions and Economic Growth in 24 African Countries: a Panel ARDL Approach," MPRA Paper 69442, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:69442
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    Cited by:

    1. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2018. "Environmental Degradation and Inclusive Human Development in sub†Saharan Africa," Research Africa Network Working Papers 18/017, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    2. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2019. "Economic Development Thresholds for a Green Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 19/010, African Governance and Development Institute..
    3. Simplice A. Asongu, 2017. "ICT, Openness and CO2 emissions in Africa," Research Africa Network Working Papers 17/055, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    4. Meniago, Christelle & Asongu, Simplice A., 2018. "Revisiting the finance-inequality nexus in a panel of African countries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 399-419.
    5. Alexis Vessat, 2016. "Energy Consumption-Economic Growth nexus in Sub-Saharan Countries: what can we learn from a meta-analysis? (1996-2016)," Post-Print hal-01944514, HAL.
    6. Simplice A. Asongu, 2018. "CO2 emission thresholds for inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa," Research Africa Network Working Papers 18/023, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    7. Asongu, Simplice A. & Le Roux, Sara & Biekpe, Nicholas, 2018. "Enhancing ICT for environmental sustainability in sub-Saharan Africa," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 209-216.
    8. Simplice A. Asongu & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2019. "Environmental degradation and inclusive human development in sub‐Saharan Africa," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 25-34, January.
    9. Asongu, Simplice A. & Le Roux, Sara & Biekpe, Nicholas, 2017. "Environmental degradation, ICT and inclusive development in Sub-Saharan Africa," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 353-361.
    10. Ishmael Ackah, 2016. "Policy interventions in renewable energy for sustainable development: is Ghana on the right path to achieve SDG 7?," Research Africa Network Working Papers 16/013, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    11. Asongu, Simplice A & Odhiambo, Nicholas M, 2019. "Governance,CO2 emissions and inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers 25253, University of South Africa, Department of Economics.
    12. Kouton, Jeffrey, 2019. "The asymmetric linkage between energy use and economic growth in selected African countries: Evidence from a nonlinear panel autoregressive distributed lag model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 475-490.
    13. Jamiu Adetola Odugbesan & Husam Rjoub, 2019. "Relationship among HIV/AIDS Prevalence, Human Capital, Good Governance, and Sustainable Development: Empirical Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-17, March.
    14. Simplice A. Asongu & Jacinta C. Nwachukwu & Chris Pyke, 2019. "The Comparative Economics of ICT, Environmental Degradation and Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 143(3), pages 1271-1297, June.
    15. Simplice A. Asongu & Jacinta C. Nwachukwu, 2017. "Mobile Phone Innovation and Environmental Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa," Research Africa Network Working Papers 17/025, Research Africa Network (RAN).
    16. Simplice A. Asongu, 2018. "Comparative sustainable development in sub‐Saharan Africa," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(6), pages 638-651, November.
    17. Adams, Samuel & Klobodu, Edem Kwame Mensah & Apio, Alfred, 2018. "Renewable and non-renewable energy, regime type and economic growth," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 755-767.
    18. Xiaopeng Guo & Jiaxing Shi & Dongfang Ren & Jing Ren & Qilin Liu, 2017. "Correlations between air pollutant emission, logistic services, GDP, and urban population growth from vector autoregressive modeling: a case study of Beijing," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 87(2), pages 885-897, June.
    19. Bismark Ameyaw & Li Yao, 2018. "Analyzing the Impact of GDP on CO 2 Emissions and Forecasting Africa’s Total CO 2 Emissions with Non-Assumption Driven Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-23, August.
    20. Chengete Chakamera & Paul Alagidede, 2018. "Electricity crisis and the effect of CO2 emissions on infrastructure-growth nexus in Sub Saharan Africa," Working Papers 731, Economic Research Southern Africa.
    21. Chakamera, Chengete & Alagidede, Paul, 2018. "Electricity crisis and the effect of CO2 emissions on infrastructure-growth nexus in Sub Saharan Africa," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 945-958.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Energy consumption; CO2 emissions; Economic growth; Africa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • O50 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - General
    • O55 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Africa

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