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Technology and the Task Content of Jobs across the Development Spectrum

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Abstract
The tasks workers perform on the job are informative about the direction and the impact of technological change. We harmonize occupational task content measures between two worker-level surveys, which separately cover developing and developed countries. Developing countries use routine-cognitive tasks and routine-manual tasks more intensively than developed countries, but less intensively use non-routine analytical tasks and non-routine interpersonal tasks. This is partly because developing countries have more workers in occupations with high routine contents and fewer workers in occupations with high non-routine contents. More important, a given occupation has more routine contents and less non-routine contents in developing countries than in developed countries. Since 2006, occupations with high non-routine contents gained employment relative to those with high routine contents in most countries, regardless of their income level or initial task intensity, indicating the global reaches of the technological change that reduces the demand for occupations with high routine contents.

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  • Julieta Caunedo & Elisa Keller & Yongseok Shin, 2022. "Technology and the Task Content of Jobs across the Development Spectrum," Working Papers 2022-035, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedlwp:94856
    DOI: 10.20955/wp.2022.035
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    Cited by:

    1. Sergio Ocampo, 2019. "A task-based theory of occupations with multidimensional heterogeneity," 2019 Meeting Papers 477, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    2. Lewandowski,Piotr & Madoń,Karol & Winkler,Deborah Elisabeth, 2023. "The Role of Global Value Chains for Worker Tasks and Wage Inequality," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10433, The World Bank.
    3. Oriana Bandiera & Ananya Kotia & Ilse Lindenlaub & Christian Moser & Andrea Prat, 2024. "Meritocracy across Countries," NBER Working Papers 32375, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Andrej Cupák & Pavel Ciaian & d'Artis Kancs, 2021. "Comparing the immigrant-native pay gap: A novel evidence from home and host countries," EERI Research Paper Series EERI RP 2021/05, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels.
    5. Antonio Martins-Neto & Nanditha Mathew & Pierre Mohnen & Tania Treibich, 2024. "Is There Job Polarization in Developing Economies? A Review and Outlook," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 39(2), pages 259-288.
    6. Werner Pena & Christian Siegel, 2023. "Routine-biased technical change, structure of employment, and cross-country income differences," Studies in Economics 2301, School of Economics, University of Kent.
    7. Cunningham,Wendy & Moroz,Harry Edmund & Muller,Noel & Solatorio,Aivin Vicquierra, 2022. "The Demand for Digital and Complementary Skills in Southeast Asia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10070, The World Bank.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    occupation; task; technological change; data harmonization;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity

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