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A spectral EM algorithm for dynamic factor models

Author

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  • Sentana, Enrique
  • Galesi, Alessandro
Abstract
We introduce a frequency domain version of the EM algorithm for general dynamic factor models. We consider both AR and ARMA processes, for which we develop iterative indirect inference procedures analogous to the algorithms in Hannan (1969). Although our proposed procedure allows researchers to estimate such models by maximum likelihood with many series even without good initial values, we recommend switching to a gradient method that uses the EM principle to swiftly compute frequency domain analytical scores near the optimum. We successfully employ our algorithm to construct an index that captures the common movements of US sectoral employment growth rates.

Suggested Citation

  • Sentana, Enrique & Galesi, Alessandro, 2015. "A spectral EM algorithm for dynamic factor models," CEPR Discussion Papers 10417, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:10417
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Pilar Poncela & Esther Ruiz, 2016. "Small- Versus Big-Data Factor Extraction in Dynamic Factor Models: An Empirical Assessment," Advances in Econometrics, in: Dynamic Factor Models, volume 35, pages 401-434, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    2. Gabriele Fiorentini & Alessandro Galesi & Enrique Sentana, 2016. "Fast ML Estimation of Dynamic Bifactor Models: An Application to European Inflation," Advances in Econometrics, in: Dynamic Factor Models, volume 35, pages 215-282, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    3. Martín Almuzara & Gabriele Fiorentini & Enrique Sentana, 2023. "Aggregate Output Measurements: A Common Trend Approach," Advances in Econometrics, in: Essays in Honor of Joon Y. Park: Econometric Methodology in Empirical Applications, volume 45, pages 3-33, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    4. Gabriele Fiorentini & Enrique Sentana, 2016. "Neglected serial correlation tests in UCARIMA models," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 7(1), pages 121-178, March.
    5. Poncela, Pilar & Ruiz, Esther & Miranda, Karen, 2021. "Factor extraction using Kalman filter and smoothing: This is not just another survey," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 1399-1425.
    6. Matteo Barigozzi, 2023. "Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation of High-Dimensional Factor Models: A Critical Review," Papers 2303.11777, arXiv.org, revised May 2024.
    7. Catherine Doz & Peter Fuleky, 2019. "Dynamic Factor Models," Working Papers 2019-4, University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization, University of Hawaii at Manoa.
    8. Matteo Barigozzi & Marc Hallin, 2023. "Dynamic Factor Models: a Genealogy," Working Papers ECARES 2023-15, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    9. Riccardo (Jack) Lucchetti & Ioannis A. Venetis, 2019. "Dynamic Factor Models in gretl. The DFM package," gretl working papers 7, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    10. Michael Creel, 2021. "Inference Using Simulated Neural Moments," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-15, September.
    11. Bastos, Guadalupe & García-Martos, Carolina, 2017. "BIAS correction for dynamic factor models," DES - Working Papers. Statistics and Econometrics. WS 24029, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Estadística.
    12. Gabriele Fiorentini & Enrique Sentana, 2019. "Dynamic specification tests for dynamic factor models," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(3), pages 325-346, April.
    13. Dickhaus, Thorsten & Sirotko-Sibirskaya, Natalia, 2019. "Simultaneous statistical inference in dynamic factor models: Chi-square approximation and model-based bootstrap," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 30-46.
    14. Matteo Barigozzi & Matteo Luciani, 2019. "Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Inference of Large Approximate Dynamic Factor Models via the EM algorithm," Papers 1910.03821, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2024.
    15. Martín Almuzara & Dante Amengual & Enrique Sentana, 2019. "Normality tests for latent variables," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 10(3), pages 981-1017, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    indirect inference; Kalman filter; Sectoral employment; Spectral maximum likelihood; Wiener-kolmogorov filter;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C38 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Classification Methdos; Cluster Analysis; Principal Components; Factor Analysis
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation

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