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Thresholds of External Flows for Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Simplice A. Asongu

    (Yaoundé/Cameroon)

  • Joseph I. Uduji

    (University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria)

  • Elda N. Okolo-Obasi

    (University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria)

Abstract
This research investigates the incidence of enhancing external flows on inclusive human development in a panel of 48 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. It complements the literature by examining the relevance of enhancing three types of external flows, namely: development assistance, foreign investment and remittances. Ordinary Least Squares, Tobit, Fixed effects, Generalised Method of Moments and Quantile regressions are used as empirical strategies. The following main results are apparent: (i) between 60 and 150 (% of GDP) is the threshold of foreign aid; (ii) 33.333 (% of GDP) is the foreign investment threshold and (iii) 25 (% of GDP) is the critical mass of remittances. At the established critical masses or thresholds, external flows start having positive effects on inclusive human development. Countries characterized by inclusive development levels that are low need more investment in foreign aid for inclusive human development compared to their counterparts characterized by inclusive human development levels that are high.

Suggested Citation

  • Simplice A. Asongu & Joseph I. Uduji & Elda N. Okolo-Obasi, 2019. "Thresholds of External Flows for Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa," CEREDEC Working Papers 19/045, Centre de Recherche pour le Développement Economique (CEREDEC).
    • Handle: RePEc:aby:wpaper:19/045
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    4. Joseph I. Uduji & Elda N. Okolo-Obasi, 2022. "Promoting Gender – Equitable Agricultural Value Chains: the Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Nigeria’s Niger Delta," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 22/087, African Governance and Development Institute..
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    10. Simplice A. Asongu, 2021. "The Effects of Mobile Phone Technology, Knowledge Creation and Diffusion on Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(3), pages 1367-1398, September.
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    16. Sodiq Arogundade & Mduduzi Biyase & Hinaunye Eita, 2021. "Foreign Direct Investment and poverty in Sub-Saharan African countries: the role of host absorptive capacity," Economic Development and Well-being Research Group Working Paper Series edwrg-04-2021, University of Johannesburg, College of Business and Economics, revised 2021.
    17. Waliu O. Shittu & Gazi M. Hassan & Frank G. Scrimgeour, 2023. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Sustainable Development," Working Papers in Economics 23/08, University of Waikato.
    18. Arogundade, Sodiq & Biyase, Mduduzi & Eita, Joel H., 2021. "Foreign Direct Investment and Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan African Countries: Domestic Conditions Matter," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 74(4), pages 463-498.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Foreign investment; Remittances; Foreign aid; Inclusive development; Africa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F24 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Remittances
    • F35 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Aid
    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • O55 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Africa

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