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Unemployment, Governance And Migration Flows In Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • AHMAD NAWAZ

    (Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of Sahiwal, Pakistan)

  • MUHAMMAD SHAKEEL

    (Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Virtual University, Pakistan)

  • SADIA MUSHTAQ

    (Scholar, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan)

Abstract
The extant study is an endeavor to evaluate the impact of unemployment, per capita GDP and governance on migration outflows utilizing the data from 1990 to 2016 for Pakistan. The results of the study estimated with ARDL approach corroborate that unemployment and governance index are major determinants of the migration. Specifically, the findings indicate that the GDP per capita and governance quality have negative and significant effects on migration while unemployment lead towards more migration, ceteris paribus. The study highlights the role of good governance in reducing both the brain drain of human capital and abstruse levels of unemployment in the country. The study recommends for the concerted endeavor by the extant government apparatus to optimize the migration levels and therein maximizing the socio-economic development in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad Nawaz & Muhammad Shakeel & Sadia Mushtaq, 2022. "Unemployment, Governance And Migration Flows In Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 31-43, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:rfh:bbejor:v:11:y:2022:i:2:p:31-43
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Unemployment; Migration; Governanceindex; Per capita GDP; Human capital;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies

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