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Central Bank Swap Lines

Author

Listed:
  • Saleem Bahaj

    (Bank of England
    Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM))

  • Ricardo Reis

    (London School of Economics (LSE)
    Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM))

Abstract
Swap lines between advanced-economy central banks are a new important part of the global financial architecture. This paper analyses their monetary policy effects from three perspectives. First, from the perspective of the central banks, it shows that the swap line mimics discount-window credit from the source central bank to the recipient-country banks using the recipient central bank as the bearer of the credit risk. Second, from the perspective of the transmission of monetary policy, it shows that the swap-line rate puts a ceiling on deviations from covered interest parity, and finds evidence for it in the data. Third, from the perspective of the macroeconomic effects of policy, it shows that the swap line ex ante encourages inflows from recipient-country banks into assets denominated in the source-country’s currency by reducing the ex post funding risk. We find support for these predictions using difference-in-difference empirical strategies that exploit the fact that only some currencies saw changes in the terms of their dollar swap line, only some bonds in banks’ investments are exposed to dollar funding risk, only some dollar bonds are significantly traded by foreign banks, and only some banks have a significant U.S. presence.

Suggested Citation

  • Saleem Bahaj & Ricardo Reis, 2018. "Central Bank Swap Lines," Discussion Papers 1816, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    • Handle: RePEc:cfm:wpaper:1816
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Blog mentions

    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. Highlights from the Fourth Bi-annual Global Research Forum on International Macroeconomics and Finance
      by Blog Author in Liberty Street Economics on 2019-01-11 12:00:00

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    Cited by:

    1. Cerutti, Eugenio M. & Obstfeld, Maurice & Zhou, Haonan, 2021. "Covered interest parity deviations: Macrofinancial determinants," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    2. Gordon Y. Liao & Tony Zhang, 2020. "The Hedging Channel of Exchange Rate Determination," International Finance Discussion Papers 1283, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    3. Robert N. McCauley, 2020. "The Global Domain of the Dollar: Eight Questions," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 48(4), pages 421-429, December.
    4. M. Ayhan Kose & Peter S. O. Nagle & Franziska Ohnsorge & Naotaka Sugawara, 2020. "Can This Time Be Different? Policy Options in Times of Rising Debt," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 2008, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
    5. Liao, Gordon Y., 2020. "Credit migration and covered interest rate parity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(2), pages 504-525.
    6. Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas & Hélène Rey & Maxime Sauzet, 2019. "The International Monetary and Financial System," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 11(1), pages 859-893, August.
    7. Kose,Ayhan & Ohnsorge,Franziska Lieselotte, 2020. "Emerging and Developing Economies : Ten Years After the Global Recession," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9148, The World Bank.
    8. Eguren-Martin, Fernando, 2020. "Dollar shortages and central bank swap lines," Bank of England working papers 879, Bank of England.
    9. Emmanuel Carré & Laurent Le Maux, 2018. "The Federal Reserve's Dollar Swap Lines and the European Central Bank during the global financial crisis of 2007-2009," Post-Print hal-02570211, HAL.
    10. Patrick Augustin & Mikhail Chernov & Lukas Schmid & Dongho Song, 2024. "The Term Structure of Covered Interest Rate Parity Violations," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 79(3), pages 2077-2114, June.
    11. Egemen Eren & Andreas Schrimpf & Vladyslav Sushko, 2020. "US dollar funding markets during the Covid-19 crisis - the international dimension," BIS Bulletins 15, Bank for International Settlements.
    12. Berthou, Antoine & Horny, Guillaume & Mésonnier, Jean-Stéphane, 2022. "The real effects of invoicing exports in dollars," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    13. Ca' Zorzi, Michele & Dedola, Luca & Georgiadis, Georgios & Jarociński, Marek & Stracca, Livio & Strasser, Georg, 2020. "Monetary policy and its transmission in a globalised world," Working Paper Series 2407, European Central Bank.
    14. Robert N McCauley & Catherine R Schenk, 2020. "Central bank swaps then and now: swaps and dollar liquidity in the 1960s," BIS Working Papers 851, Bank for International Settlements.
    15. Gino Cenedese & Pasquale Della Corte & Tianyu Wang, 2021. "Currency Mispricing and Dealer Balance Sheets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(6), pages 2763-2803, December.
    16. Azar R. Hasanli, 2020. "Global Liquidity Challenges of the International Monetary System," Proceedings of the 17th International RAIS Conference, June 1-2, 2020 032ah, Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.
    17. Olav Syrstad & Ganesh Viswanath-Natraj, 2020. "Price-setting in the foreign exchange swap market: Evidence from order flow," Working Paper 2020/16, Norges Bank.
    18. Ruch,Franz Ulrich, 2020. "Prospects, Risks, and Vulnerabilities in Emerging and Developing Economies : Lessons from the Past Decade," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9181, The World Bank.
    19. Klára Čermáková & Eduardo Aguiar Henrique Filho, 2021. "Effects of Expansionary Monetary Policy on Agricultural Commodities Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-21, August.
    20. Valentin Haddad & Alan Moreira & Tyler Muir, 2020. "When Selling Becomes Viral: Disruptions in Debt Markets in the COVID-19 Crisis and the Fed’s Response," NBER Working Papers 27168, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    21. Bank for International Settlements, 2019. "Unconventional monetary policy tools: a cross-country analysis," CGFS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 63, december.
    22. Chernov, Mikhail & Augustin, Patrick & Schmid, Lukas & Song, Dongho, 2020. "The term structure of CIP violations," CEPR Discussion Papers 14774, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    23. Hao, Kaixuan & Han, Liyan & Li, (Tony) Wei, 2022. "The impact of China's currency swap lines on bilateral trade," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 173-183.
    24. Mark Leonard & Jean Pisani-Ferry & Elina Ribakova & Jeremy Shapiro & Guntram B. Wolff, 2019. "Redefining Europe’s economic sovereignty," Policy Contributions 31321, Bruegel.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Liquidity facilities; Currency basis; Bond portfolio flows;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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