N'Ko harshe

ÂÂN'Ko^{[lower-alpha 1]} wani nau'i ne na koiné na harsuna da yawa da aka rubuta a cikin haruffa N'Ko . Ana amfani dashi a Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso da wasu ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka, da farko, amma ba kawai ba, a rubuce-rubuce, yayin da a cikin magana ana amfani da nau'ikan Manding daban-daban: Maninka, Bambara, Dyula da sauransu.

^[1] wallafe-wallafen tare da ƙamus mai mahimmanci da aka sani da kángbɛ ("harshe mai tsabta") wanda Solomana Kante ya tsara, tare da nau'ikan màninkamóri, wanda ake magana a yankin Kankan na Kante, yana aiki a matsayin yaren sulhu.

Valentin Vydrin a cikin 1999 ^[2] da Coleman Donaldson a cikin 2019 ^[1] sun nuna cewa shahararren rubuce-rubucen harsunan Manding a cikin daidaitaccen nau'in N'Ko yana ƙaruwa. Ana amfani ^[3] wannan tsari na rubuce-rubuce don ilimi tsakanin masu magana da nau'o'i daban-daban. H ana amfani dashi a cikin sadarwa ta lantarki.

Ma'auni yana ƙoƙari ya wakilci duk harsunan Manding ta hanyar da ke ƙoƙarin nuna alamar "proto-Manding" na yau da kullun da kuma asalin kalmomin, gami da lokacin da ainihin furcin a cikin nau'ikan magana na zamani ya bambanta sosai. Misali, akwai akalla irin wannan yarjejeniya guda ɗaya, don wakiltar velars tsakanin wasula: [ɡ], [k], [ɣ], [x] ko sifili na iya furta, amma rubutun zai kasance iri ɗaya. Misali, kalmar "sunan" a cikin Bambara ita ce [tɔɡɔ] kuma a cikin Maninka ita ce [英], amma ma'auni da aka rubuta N'Ko shine ̆ . A cikin rubuce-rubucen sadarwa kowane mutum zai rubuta shi a hanya ɗaya ta amfani da rubutun N'Ko, kuma duk da haka karantawa da furta shi kamar yadda yake a cikin nasu harshe iri-iri.